哌立福新对食管癌细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的研究不同浓度的哌立福新对食管癌细胞增殖及凋亡的影响,探讨哌立福新阻断蛋白激酶B（Akt）信号通路对食管癌细胞生长的抑制作用。方法将不同浓度的蛋白激酶B抑制剂哌立福新加入到人食管癌细胞Ecal09中,采用M3T法测定细胞毒性,流式细胞仪测定细胞凋亡率,Western Bloting法检测食管癌细胞中蛋白激酶B、mTOR、GSK-3β蛋白表达。结果哌立福新对人食管癌细胞Eca109有明显抑制作用并能诱导食管癌细胞凋亡。MTF结果显示,随着浓度的升高和时间的延长,抑制作用增强,并诱导人食管癌细胞Eca109凋亡,呈剂量一时问效应关系;流式细胞术显示,不同浓度哌立福新作用于人食管癌细胞Eca10924、48、72、96小时后,凋亡率随着时间的延长和浓度的升高而增大,15μmol／L作用48小时后凋亡率最大为51．3％;Western Bloting结果显示,蛋白激酶B、mTOR、GSK-3β在人食管癌细胞Eca109中均有表达,哌立福新作用后表达显著降低。结论哌立福新能显著抑制食管癌细胞增殖并诱导其凋亡。     

RNA干扰PKM2对食管癌细胞株Eca109生物学特性的影响

目的将靶向PKM2的siRNA转染食管癌细胞株Eca109,观察转染后细胞内PKM2基因的表达变化及其对Eca109细胞增殖和周期的影响。方法将人工合成的针对PKM2基因的siRNA片段通过Lipofectamine 2000转染食管癌细胞株Eca109;实验分为实验组、空白对照组和阴性对照组,分别用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(real-time quantita-tive PCR,qRT-PCR)和Western blot法检测各组细胞中PKM2的mRNA和蛋白质的表达量,并用MTT法检测各组细胞的增殖活力,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期的变化。结果与空白对照、阴性对照比较,实验组细胞中PKM2 mRNA及蛋白表达减少(P<0.05),Eca109细胞转染PKM2 siRNA后,增殖能力减弱,细胞周期被阻滞在G0/G1期。结论 PKM2对Eca109细胞的生长起促进作用。     

PIK3CA在食管鳞癌细胞系Eca 109中的功能

目的:探讨PIK3CA在食管鳞癌细胞系Eca109中的作用.方法:用脂质体介导siRNA瞬时转染Ecal09细胞,转染细胞分为3组:空白对照组(正常培养的Eca109细胞)、阴性对照组(转染随机序列的siRNA)及实验组(转染PIK3CA-siRNA).运用Western blot技术检测PIK3CA基因干扰后蛋白水平表达的变化;四甲基偶氮唑盐微量酶反应比色法(MTT法)和细胞划痕实验检测PIK3CA干扰后Eca109细胞增殖和迁移能力的改变;流式细胞仪检测PIK3CA干扰后细胞周期和凋亡率的变化.结果:干扰PIK3CA基因表达后,其蛋白水平表达较空白对照组及阴性对照组显著性降低(P0.05).MTT实验和划痕实验显示干扰PIK3CA的表达后,Eca109细胞增殖受到显著性抑制(P0.05),迁移能力显著性降低(P0.05).流式细胞仪检测下调P I K3C A的表达后细胞周期阻滞在细胞分裂的S期(P0.05),且使细胞凋亡率显著性增加(P0.05).结论:PIK3CA基因能够促进Eca109细胞的增殖和迁移能力,并具有抗凋亡作用.PIK3CA基因有望成为食管鳞癌治疗的潜在靶点.     

过表达AnnexinA2抑制食管癌Eca109细胞增殖和迁移

目的探讨AnnexinA2的表达对人食管癌细胞Eca109增殖、迁移、细胞周期和凋亡的影响。方法采用基因过表达技术上调Eca109细胞中AnnexinA2的表达,qRT-PCR和Western blot技术检测AnnexinA2 mRNA和蛋白水平变化;赛唑蓝(MTT)比色法研究其对Eca109细胞的存活、增殖能力的影响;采用划痕实验观察其对细胞迁移能力的影响;流式细胞术检测其对Eca109细胞周期及细胞凋亡的影响。结果 qRT-PCR和Western blot检测提示Eca109细胞转染AnnexinA2过表达质粒后mRNA和蛋白质表达水平均显著增高;MTT实验表明AnnexinA2过表达组细胞的增殖能力明显低于对照组(P0.05),同时细胞迁移能力也显著下降(P0.05);AnnexinA2在Eca109细胞中高表达将细胞阻滞于G2/M期,对细胞凋亡没有影响。结论 AnnexinA2在食管癌细胞中呈低表达,上调AnnexinA2蛋白水平可以明显抑制食管癌细胞的增殖、迁移能力。     

多烯紫杉醇对人食管癌EC-109细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的探讨多烯紫杉醇对食管癌EC-109细胞株增殖、凋亡的影响。方法采用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测多烯紫杉醇对EC-109细胞生长的抑制作用,采用流式细胞仪技术检测多烯紫杉醇对EC-109细胞周期和细胞凋亡的影响,Western印迹法测定多烯紫杉醇对EC-109细胞蛋白激酶B(Akt)-1蛋白表达的影响。结果多烯紫杉醇各浓度组A值均低于阴性对照组(P0.05);各浓度组的早、晚期凋亡率与阴性对照组比较均增高(P0.05),除0.01 nmol/L组外,各组随着浓度的增高其早、晚期的凋亡率也升高;低浓度(0.01 nmol/L)多烯紫杉醇处理的细胞阻断G2/M期短暂、不完全,而高浓度(10 nmol/L)多烯紫杉醇对食管癌细胞的G2/M期阻断较低浓度的完全、持久;多烯紫杉醇各浓度组处理的EC-109细胞Akt-1蛋白条带灰度值与空白对照组比较显著减弱,说明对其表达具有明显抑制作用,其中10 nmol/L组最强,抑制率为85%,0.01 nmol/L较弱。结论多烯紫杉醇对人食管癌EC-109细胞的生长有明显的抑制作用,使细胞分裂阻滞于G2/M期,并诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。     

p21WAF1基因对人食管鳞癌细胞增殖的抑制作用

目的:探讨p21WAF1( p21)基因转染对食管鳞癌细胞系EC109细胞增殖的影响.方法:根据转染质粒的不同和是否进行质粒转染分为3组.p21转染组:用脂质体Lipofectamine2000介导将pCDNA3.1(+)- p21质粒转染入EC109细胞; 空载体转染组:同样方法将pCDNA3.1(+)-neo质粒转染入EC109细胞; 未转染组:未转染的EC109细胞.应用RTPCR、Western blot分别检测p21基因mRNA、P21蛋白变化; 流式细胞仪分析细胞周期变化,应用MTT、流式细胞仪和透射电镜检测转染外源p21基因对EC109细胞增殖和凋亡的影响.结果:p21转染细胞中p21 mRNA和P21蛋白高表达; p21转染组EC109细胞生长速度低于空载体组和未转染组; 流式细胞仪观察到P21蛋白高表达使EC109细胞发生G1/S阻滞,G1期细胞比例显著高于空载体组和未转染组(63.120%±2.893% vs 41.380%±6.536%,42.173%±5.301%,均P<0.01),S期比例显著低于空载体组和未转染组(18.923%±3.084%vs 22.573%±5.463%,26.867%±2.922%,均P<0.01),并出现亚G1峰(凋亡峰).透射电镜亦发现p21转染组发生细胞凋亡.结论:p21基因转染可以抑制人食管鳞癌细胞系EC109细胞增殖并能诱导其发生细胞凋亡.     

表皮生长因子受体抑制剂吉非替尼对食管癌EC9706细胞增殖、凋亡及细胞周期的影响

目的探讨表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)抑制剂吉非替尼对食管癌EC9706细胞增殖、凋亡和细胞周期的影响。方法将EC9706细胞培养并加入不同浓度的吉非替尼处理不同时间后,采用MTT法检测细胞增殖抑制率;Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法、流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率。PI染色、流式细胞仪检测细胞周期。结果吉非替尼对食管癌EC9706细胞增殖具有明显的抑制作用,且表现为剂量和时间依赖性;吉非替尼组细胞凋亡率明显高于正常对照组,且随着吉非替尼剂量的增加,凋亡率逐渐增加(P0.05);与对照组相比,10μg/ml吉非替尼处理24 h后的EC9706细胞,处于G0/G1期细胞比例明显增加,处于S期细胞比例明显减少(P0.05)。结论吉非替尼对食管癌EC9706细胞具有明显的增殖抑制作用,其机制与诱导凋亡及阻滞细胞周期有关。     

键合紫杉醇聚乳酸-聚乙二醇嵌段共聚纳米胶束体外抑制C6胶质瘤细胞的实验研究

目的探讨键合紫杉醇聚合纳米胶束抑制C6胶质瘤的机理。方法体外培养C6胶质瘤细胞,应用不同浓度的键合紫杉醇聚合胶束处理C6细胞系24~72h,应用MTT法、流式细胞仪观察键合紫杉醇聚合胶束对细胞的抑制情况,用电镜检查细胞超微结构的改变。结果1.25~20μg/ml的键合紫杉醇聚合胶束可明显抑制C6胶质瘤细胞的增殖,且呈明显剂量和时间依赖关系;流式细胞仪检测20.0μg/ml和10.0μg/ml组细胞出现G2-M期阻滞,且随紫杉醇聚乳酸-聚乙二醇嵌段共聚胶束浓度的增大,细胞凋亡率增高。电镜下细胞呈现典型的凋亡形态学改变。结论键合紫杉醇聚合胶束对C6胶质瘤细胞有明显的增殖抑制和诱导凋亡作用,且这种作用有周期特异性,诱导凋亡可能为其抗肿瘤作用机制。     

载紫杉醇超声微泡造影剂对人肝癌HepG2细胞周期及形态的影响

目的 探讨超声辐照紫杉醇微泡造影剂,对人肝癌细胞株HepG2细胞周期的影响和形态学变化.方法 体外培养人肝癌HepG2细胞,将细胞分4组,即空白对照组,紫杉醇组,超声空白微泡组,超声载紫杉醇微泡组.流式细胞仪检测不同处理组细胞周期分布,透射电镜观察不同处理组形态学变化. 结果 超声载紫杉醇微泡组细胞阻滞在G2/M期;超声载紫杉醇微泡能够诱导肿瘤细胞发生凋亡,并有凋亡小体形成.结论 超声辐照载紫杉醇微泡造影剂对人肝癌细胞株HepG2有明显阻滞作用,并诱导肿瘤细胞发生凋亡.     

二甲亚砜对人食管癌Eca109细胞细胞周期及DNA聚合酶β表达的影响

目的研究二甲亚砜(DMSO)对人Eca109细胞细胞周期及DNA聚合酶β(polβ)表达的影响。方法用1．5％DMSO处理Eca109细胞，流式细胞仪分析细胞周期的改变，RT—PCR法检测polβ表达水平的变化。结果DMSO处理后的Ecal09细胞，polβmRNA表达明显下调，且细胞周期明显改变，G1／G0期细胞增多，S期细胞减少。结论DMSO可抑制Eca109细胞polβ的表达，使Eca109细胞生长停滞于G1／G0期。     

EpCAM expression in esophageal cancer and its correlation with immunotherapy of solitomab

BackgroundRecurrence of esophageal cancer (EC) after chemotherapy may mainly be explained by the existence of chemotherapy-resistant cells, and an effective drug against chemotherapy-resistant cells is highly sought. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of bispecific antibody solitomab combined with γ δ T cells on Eca109 cell spheres.MethodsWe cultured Eca109 cell spheres in serum-free medium, and the morphological differences between wild-type Eca109 cells and Eca109 cell spheres were compared by microscope and flow cytometry. Different concentrations of nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (Nab-PTX) and cisplatin were used to treat the two groups of cells and compare their drug resistance. Flow cytometry was then used to detect the expression level of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and the cytotoxicity of γ δ T cells combined with bispecific antibody solitomab on the two groups.ResultsFlow cytometry analysis showed that Eca109 cell spheres were smaller in size and had less cytoplasmic granules and CCK-8 assay showed that the viability of Eca109 cell spheres treated with different concentrations of Nab-PTX and cisplatin was significantly higher than that of wild-type Eca109 cells (P<0.05). Flow cytometry also showed that the expression level of EpCAM on Eca109 cell spheres was higher than that of wild-type Eca109 cells. Co-culture experiment showed that there was no significant difference in the cytotoxicity of γ δ T cells to wild-type Eca109 cells and Eca109 cell spheres without solitomab. However, after adding solitomab, the cytotoxicity of γ δ T cells to Eca109 cell spheres was significantly higher than that of wild-type Eca109 cells (P<0.05).ConclusionsEC Eca109 cell spheres have strong stem cell characteristics such as multidrug resistance and may contain a high proportion of EC stem cells. Further, EC Eca109 cell spheres have a high expression level of EpCAM, and EpCAM may be one of the markers of EC stem cells. Therefore, EpCAM could be used as a potential molecular target of immunotherapy for EC, and solitomab may become an effective immunotherapeutic drug for chemotherapy-resistant EC cells.     

Role of stress-activated MAP kinase P38 in cisplatin- and DTT-induced apoptosis of the esophageal carcinoma cell line Eca109

AIM: To study the role of P38 kinase in esophageal cancer cell apoptosis induced by genotoxin, cisplatin and the unfolded protein response (UPR) inducer, dithiothreitol (DTT). METHODS: Esophageal carcinoma cell line Eca109 was cultured in RPMI 1640 medium to 70% confluency and treated with either cisplatin, DTT, or cisplatin plus DTT in the presence or absence of P38 inhibitor, SB203580. The untreated cells served as the control. The esophageal carcinoma cell apoptosis was detected by agarose gel DNA ladder analysis and quantified by flow cytometry. The P38 phosphorylation was detected by immunohis-tochemistry using antibodies specific to phosphorylated P38 protein. RESULTS: (1) Both cisplatin and DTT induced apoptosis in the esophageal cancer cell line Eca109 as shown by DNA ladder formation; (2) As detected by antibodies specific for the phosphorylated P38 protein (p-P38), both cisplatin and DTT treatments activated the stress-activated enzyme, MAP kinase P38. The number of positive cells was about 50% for the treatment groups, comparing to that of 10% for untreated group. DTT treatment, but not cisplatin treatment, induces nuclear localization of p-P38; (3) As measured by flow cytometry, inhibition of P38 activity by SB203580 blocks DTT- and cisplatin-induced apoptosis. The rates for DTT, cisplatin, and DTT plus cisplatin-induced apoptosis were 16.8%, 17.1%, and 21.4%, respectively. Addition of the SB compound during the incubation reduced the apoptotic rate to about 7.6% for all the treatment groups, suggesting that P38 activation is essential for cisplatin- and DTT-induced apoptosis in Eca109 cells. CONCLUSION: (1) Both DTT and cisplatin were able to induce apoptosis in esophageal cancer cell line Eca109; (2) P38 MAP kinase is essential for DTT- and cisplatin- induced apoptosis in Eca109 cells; (3) P38 activation may be the common signaling component relaying the multiple upstream signaling events to the downstream cell death program.     

Bile salts inhibit growth and induce apoptosis of human esophageal cancer cell line

AIM: To explore the effect of six bile salts, including glycoc holate (GC), glycochenodeoxycholate (GCDC), glycodeoxy cholate (GDC), taurocholate (TC), taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDC), taurodeoxycholate (TDC), and two bile acids including cholic acid (CA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA) on esophageal cancer Ecal09 cell line. METHODS: Eca109 cells were exposed to six bile salts, two bile acids and the mixed bile salts at different concentrations for 24-72 h. 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to detect the cell proliferation. Apoptotic morphology was observed by phase-contrast video microscopy and deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Sub-G1 DNA fragmentations and early apoptosis cells were assayed by flow cytometry (FCM) with propidium iodide (PI) staining and annexin V-FITC conjugated with PI staining. Apoptosis DNA ladders on agarose were observed. Activation of caspase-3 was assayed by FCM with FlTC-conjugated monoclonal rabbit anti-active caspase-3 antibody and expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were examined immunocytochemically in 500 μmol/L-TC-induced apoptosis cells. RESULTS: Five bile salts except for GC, and two bile acids and the mixed bile salts could initiate growth inhibition of Ecal09 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. TUNEL, FCM, and DNA ladder assays all demonstrated apoptosis induced by bile salts and bile acids at 500 μmol/L, except for GC. Early apoptosis cell percentages in Eca109 cells treated with GCDC, GDC, TC, TCDC, TDC, CA at 500 μmol/L for 12 h, DCA at 500 μmol/L for 6 h, and mixed bile salts at 1 000 μmol/L for 12 h were 7.5%, 8.7%, 14.8%, 8.9%, 7.8%, 9.3%, 22.6% and 12.5%, respectively, all were significantly higher than that in control (1.9%). About 22% of the cell population treated with TC at 500 μmol/L for 24 h had detectable active caspase-3, and were higher than that in the control (1%). Immunocytochemical assay suggested that TC down-regulated Bcl-2 protein level and up-regulated Bax protein level. CONCLUSION: GCDC, GDC, TC, TCDC, TDC, CA and DCA, except for GC, can inhibit growth and induce apoptosis of esophageal cancer Ecal09 cells. Activation of caspase-3, decreased Bcl-2 protein and increased Bax protein are involved in TC-induced apoptosis of Ecal09 cells.     

血管内皮钙黏附素下调对食管鳞癌细胞血管生成拟态、增殖和凋亡的影响

背景：血管内皮钙黏附素（VE-cad）作为血管生成拟态的重要调控分子在多种高侵袭性肿瘤中均存在表达,参与肿瘤的发生、发展过程。前期研究发现食管鳞癌细胞中亦存在VE—cad表达。目的：探讨微小RNA（miRNA）干扰技术下调VE-cad对食管鳞癌细胞血管生成拟态形成、细胞增殖和凋亡的影响及其可能机制。方法：将已成功构建的VE—cadmiRNA干扰质粒稳定转染Eca109、TE13细胞,同时设置阴性对照组（转染空质粒）和空白对照组（未转染）。荧光显微镜观察单克隆转染效率,三维培养观察细胞管腔样结构形成的能力,RT—PCR和蛋白质印迹法分别检测VE-cad、EphA2、LN5γ2 mRNA和蛋白表达,MTT法和流式细胞术分别检测细胞增殖和凋亡。结果：荧光显微镜显示Eca109、TE13细胞稳定转染效率均达90％以上。与阴性对照组和空白对照组相比,干扰组细胞管腔样结构数目明显减少（P〈0．01）,VE—cad、EphA2、LN5γ2mRNA和蛋白表达明显受抑（P〈0．01）,细胞增殖能力明显下降（P〈0．05）,凋亡率明显增高（P〈0．05）。结论：miRNA干扰技术能有效抑制食管鳞癌细胞Eca109、TE13的VE-cad表达。VE—cad通过下调EphA2和LN5γ2表达抑制血管生成拟态的体外形成,并影响细胞增殖和凋亡。VE—cad可能成为食管鳞癌分子靶向治疗的新靶点。     

Angiopoietin-1 targeted RNA interference suppresses angiogenesis and tumor growth of esophageal cancer

AIM： To determine the inhibitory effect of the adenovirusbased angiopoietin-1 （Ang-1） targeted small interfering RNA expression system （Ad/Ang-1si） on the expression of the Ang-1 gene, cell growth and apoptosis in human esophageal cancer cell line Eca109. METHODS： siRNA-expressing adenovirus targeting Ang-1 gene was constructed using the Ad Easy System. Cultured Eca109 cells were transfected with Ad/Ang-1si （Eca109/Ang-1si）, and Ad/si was used to infect Eca109 cells as control （Eca109/si）. Ang-1 gene expression and concentration was determined with RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell （HUVEC） migration and proliferation were analyzed. After s.c. injection into athymic nu/nu mice, the tumor growth, vessel density and apoptosis of each group was also determined. RESULTS： HUVEC migration induced by conditioned medium from Ang-1si-transfected Eca109 cells was significantly less than that induced by conditioned medium from Eca109 cells and control adenovirustransfected Eca109 cells. Furthermore, after s.c. injection into athymic nu/nu mice, the tumor growth and cell apoptosis of Ad/Ang-1si -expressing Eca109 cells was significantly lower than that of parental or control adenovirus-transfected cells. Vessel density assessed by CD31 immunohistochemical analysis and Ang-1 expression by RT-PCR were also decreased. CONCLUSION： The targeting Ang-1 may provide a therapeutic option for esophageal cancer.     

EphA2在缺氧条件下的表达及其对食管癌细胞体外三维培养的影响

目的:探讨在正常氧分压和缺氧条件下,食管癌细胞中上皮细胞激酶A2(EphA2)表达变化及其对体外三维培养的影响.方法:正常氧分压及缺氧条件下培养食管癌Ecal09及TE13细胞,RT-PCR及Western blot 分别监测细胞中EphA2表达的变化:EphA2 miRNA干扰质粒转染Ecal09和TE13细胞后,采...     

Effect of S1P5 on proliferation and migration of human esophageal cancer cells

AIM:To investigate the sphingosine 1phosphate (S1P) receptor expression profile in human esophageal cancer cells and the effects of S1P5 on proliferation and migration of human esophageal cancer cells. METHODS: S1P receptor expression profile in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line Eca109 was detected by semiquantitative reverse trans cription polymerase chain reaction. Eca109 cells were stably transfected with S1P5EGFP or controlEGFP constructs. The relation between the responses of cell prol...     

RNA干扰Akt对食管癌细胞株Eca109生物学特性的影响

目的:探讨RNA干扰沉默Akt对人食管鳞癌细胞体外增殖、迁移及血管生成拟态(VM)形成的影响.方法:应用倒置荧光显微镜观察Akt的干扰质粒转染食管癌细胞Eca109后绿色荧光蛋白的表达;采用Western blot方法检测Akt蛋白的表达;四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法检测转染前后细胞增殖能力的变化;Transwell方法...     

mi R-382 functions as a tumor suppressor against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM To explore the effect of mi R-382 on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) in vitro and its possible molecular mechanism.METHODS Eca109 cells derived from human ESCC and Het-1A cells derived from human normal esophageal epithelium were used. Lentivirus-mediated mi R-382 was overexpressed in Eca109 cells. The effect of mi R-382 on cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT and colony formation assay. For cell cycle analysis, cells were fixed and stained for 30 min with propidium iodide(PI) staining buffer containing 10 mg/m L PI and 100 mg/m L RNase A, and analyzed by BD FACSCalibur? flow cytometer. For cell apoptosis assay, cells were stained with an Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit according to the manufacturer's instructions and analyzed by a dual-laser flow cytometer. Cell invasion and migration abilities were determined through use of transwell chambers, non-coated or pre-coated with matrigel. Levels of proteins related to cell growth and migration were examined by western blotting.RESULTS Endogenous mi R-382 was down-regulated in Eca109 cells compared with Het-1A. Introduction of mi R-382 not only significantly inhibited proliferation and colony formation, but also arrested cell cycle at the G2/M phase, as well as promoted apoptosis and autophagy in Eca109 cells. Migration, invasion and epithelialmesenchymal transition of Eca109 cells were suppressed by overexpressing mi R-382. Western blotting results showed that mi R-382 inhibited the phosphorylation of m TOR and 4E-BP1. CONCLUSION mi R-382 functions as a tumor suppressor against ESCC development and metastasis, and could be considered as a potential drug source for the treatment of ESCC patients.