艾滋病护理师资培训效果评价

目的:探讨艾滋病护理师资培训的有效方法,为今后进一步开展护理人员艾滋病护理知识培训提供参考。方法:采用参与式教学方法对110名护理人员进行为期5天的脱产培训。采用问卷方法,在培训前后对学员就艾滋病知识、态度、护理意愿等进行调查以评价教学效果,并采取讨论方式对教学方法进行评价。结果:与培训前相比,培训班结束后学员的艾滋病知识水平(t=10.2,P<0.001)、护理意愿(t=4.9,P<0.001)和态度(t=2.6,P<0.01)均有显著差异,教学方法受到学员们的普遍喜欢。结论:此次培训班的教学方法有效,提高了学员们对艾滋病相关知识的掌握,转变了对艾滋病患者的态度,护理艾滋病患者的意愿也显著增高,同时学员掌握了教学的方法,达到了培训班的目的。     

参与式艾滋病知识培训在护理本科生中的应用

目的 确定参与式艾滋病知识培训对改变护理本科生知识、态度、护理意愿的效果。方法 采用随机对照实验设计。参与研究的68名护生被随机分成2组，每组34人。实验组接受参与式艾滋病知识培训，对照组只接受艾滋病知识讲座。在培训前后采用问卷调查法对两组护生进行测量。结果 实验组与对照组护生在培训后知识分数均显著提高。实验组培训后态度正分值有显著改善(t＝2．9，P＝．006)，护理意愿也显著提高(t＝3．7；P=．001)，而对照组两者变化却不显著。培训后，除知识变量外，实验组的态度正分值明显高于对照组(t＝2．2，P＝．003)，护理意愿也明显高于对照组(t＝2．4，P＝．02)。结论 参与式艾滋病培训效果明显优于传统的知识讲座，能改善护生对艾滋病病人的态度及护理意愿。     

TOT模式在新疆护理人员艾滋病知识、态度与行为培训中的应用

[目的]探讨TOT模式在新疆护理人员艾滋病知识、态度、行为实践培训中的应用效果.[方法]采用自设问卷,在培训前后分别抽取被培训护理师资200人、一般护理人员500人进行问卷调查.对护理师资教学能力的评价运用观察与访谈等方法进行.[结果]通过培训,护理师资及一般护理人员的艾滋病知识、态度、行为得分均有明显提高,培训前后差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),护理师资的艾滋病教学方法与技巧有所掌握,而且,艾滋病知识在护理师资向一般护理人员的层层传授过程中没有发生明显的逐级递减现象(P>0.05).[结论]TOT模式在新疆护理人员艾滋病知识、态度、行为实践等培训中的应用效果显著,结合新疆地域分布特点及其艾滋病疫情特征,该培训模式的应用较快、较好地提高了新疆护理人员的艾滋病应对能力.     

医学生艾滋病相关知识、态度及医疗服务意愿调查研究

目的调查医学生艾滋病相关知识、态度及医疗服务意愿,并分析三者的关系。方法采用艾滋病相关知识问卷、艾滋病一般态度问卷及医学生对艾滋病感染者的医疗服务意愿,对576名医学生进行问卷调查。结果医学生艾滋病相关知识得分为(16.54±2.61)分,艾滋病歧视态度得分为(50.48±9.44)分,艾滋病医疗服务意愿得分为(7.06±2.43)分。参与过艾滋病相关知识培训的医学生艾滋病知识得分高于未参加过培训者(P=0.016);不同年级医学生艾滋病歧视态度与医疗服务意愿得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。医学生艾滋病相关知识与歧视态度呈负相关(r=-0.253,P=0.010),与医疗服务意愿正相关(r=0.154,P=0.042);艾滋病歧视态度与医疗服务意愿呈负相关(r=-0.600,P<0.001)。结论医学生对艾滋病相关知识掌握不全面,泛化传播途径,夸大艾滋病传染性,对艾滋病过度恐惧和歧视,医疗服务意愿不高。     

参与式培训降低医学生对HIV感染者的歧视

目的探讨参与式培训在提高医学生艾滋病相关知识、态度、医疗服务意愿中的作用。方法 采用类实验性研究,在知情同意、自愿参与的原则下,招募志愿者80名,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组各40名。试验组采用参与式培训的方法,培训医学生艾滋病相关知识、态度;对照组通过传统方法获得艾滋病相关信息。干预前后采用问卷收集两组艾滋病相关知识、态度及医疗服务意愿得分。结果试验组和对照组均回收有效问卷34份。干预后,试验组艾滋病相关知识及医疗服务意愿得分高于对照组,歧视态度得分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。干预前后,试验组在知识、态度、医疗服务意愿得分方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。结论参与式培训有利于提高医学生艾滋病相关知识水平,改善其对HIV感染者歧视态度,提高其对HIV感染者的医疗服务意愿。     

TOT模式在新疆护理人员艾滋病知识、态度与行为培训中的应用

[目的]探讨TOT模式在新疆护理人员艾滋病知识、态度、行为实践培训中的应用效果。[方法]采用自设问卷,在培训前后分别抽取被培训护理师资200人、一般护理人员500人进行问卷调查。对护理师资教学能力的评价运用观察与访谈等方法进行。[结果]通过培训,护理师资及一般护理人员的艾滋病知识、态度、行为得分均有明显提高,培训前后差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）,护理师资的艾滋病教学方法与技巧有所掌握,而且,艾滋病知识在护理师资向一般护理人员的层层传授过程中没有发生明显的逐级递减现象（P〉0．05）。[结论]TOT模式在新疆护理人员艾滋病知识、态度、行为实践等培训中的应用效果显著,结合新疆地域分布特点及其艾滋病疫情特征,该培训模式的应用较快、较好地提高了新疆护理人员的艾滋病应对能力。     

对艾滋病专科护理人员进行专业化教育的效果评价与分析

目的探讨针对艾滋病专科护理人员进行HIV/AIDS教育培训的效果。方法对来自全国7个省份的32名艾滋病专科护理人员进行为期5d的HIV/AIDS教育培训,培训内容涉及艾滋病的流行现状、免疫病理的研究进展、对艾滋病患者的临床护理照顾和沟通交流技巧、艾滋病防治中的歧视和弱势群体关怀等。采用问卷调查法在培训前后对全体学员进行调查,问卷包括一般资料、艾滋病知识和态度3部分。结果学员的艾滋病知识水平由"一般"提高到"中",培训后学员知识部分总分和流行传播、诊断与治疗两部分的评分与培训前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);态度部分总分和各维度培训前后比较,差异均无统计学意义,但在一些具体题目的比较中,显示了明显的差则(P<0.05)。结论此次培训澄清了艾滋病专科护理人员对艾滋病知识的模糊认识,弥补了新知识的不足,一定程度上提高了对艾滋病患者的接纳程度,今后应对护理人员不断加强艾滋病教育培训。     

护理人员艾滋病临床护理实践培训的效果评价

目的　评价护理人员艾滋病临床护理实践的培训效果。方法　采用自设艾滋病知识问卷 ,对学员进行培训前后发放问卷 ,以匿名形式进行答卷。在培训方式、时间、内容、师资等方面做最佳安排。结果　培训后学员对艾滋病综合知识及各分项知识比培训前大有提高 ,培训整体效果满意。结论　培训可以解决艾滋病相关知识缺乏问题 ,这种培训方式在护理人员艾滋病培训中值得推广     

护理人员艾滋病临床护理实践培训的效果评价

目的评价护理人员艾滋病临床护理实践的培训效果.方法采用自设艾滋病知识问卷,对学员进行培训前后发放问卷,以匿名形式进行答卷.在培训方式、时间、内容、师资等方面做最佳安排.结果培训后学员对艾滋病综合知识及各分项知识比培训前大有提高,培训整体效果满意.结论培训可以解决艾滋病相关知识缺乏问题,这种培训方式在护理人员艾滋病培训中值得推广.     

参与式教学法在护士艾滋病知识培训中的应用

目的　确定参与式艾滋病知识培训对改变临床护理人员知识、态度、护理意愿的效果。方法　在医院临床护理人员的艾滋病知识培训中 尝试应用参与式培训法。把参加培训的82名临床护士随机分为两组,每组41人,实验组接受参与式艾滋病知识培训,对照组接受传统的艾滋 病基本知识讲座。在培训前后采用问卷调查法对两组护士进行测量。结果　实验组护士在对艾滋病病人态度及护理意愿方面比对照组护士 有明显的提高。结论　参与式艾滋病培训效果明显优于传统的知识讲座,能明显改善临床护士对艾滋病病人的态度和护理意愿,提高临床护 士参与艾滋病预防及宣教的积极性。     

Nurses' health education program in India increases HIV knowledge and reduces fear.

Few health care facilities are adequately prepared to manage and care for HIV/AIDS patients in India. Nurses play a critical role in patient care but are often ill-equipped to deal with their own fears of occupational risk and handle the clinical aspects of HIV/AIDS care, leading to stigma and discrimination toward HIV-positive patients. The authors examine the impact of a 4-day HIV/AIDS health education program on knowledge and attitudes of nurses in a government hospital. This education program was developed using a training of trainers model and qualitative research. A total of 21 master trainers underwent 6 days of training and began training of 552 hospital nurses (in 2004-2005). Using a pretest-posttest design, the authors assessed changes in knowledge and attitudes of 371 trained nurses. Significant improvements were seen in nurses' HIV/AIDS knowledge in all areas including care, treatment, and issues of confidentiality and consent. Fear of interaction with people living with HIV/AIDS was reduced significantly. The short course was successful in increasing nurses' knowledge in all aspects. There is great potential to expand this stigma-reduction intervention to other public and private hospitals.     

Effectiveness of an HIV/AIDS educational programme for Chinese nurses

AIM: This paper reports a study examining the effect of a multifaceted HIV/AIDS educational intervention on the knowledge, attitudes and willingness of Chinese nurses in caring for patients with human immunodeficiency virus. BACKGROUND: The expanding HIV/AIDS epidemic challenges nurses to increase their knowledge about this devastating illness to provide effective HIV/AIDS prevention and care to their patients. HIV/AIDS educational interventions, which were developed for North American and European nurses, have not been studied among nurses in other societies. METHODS: The study employed a pretest, post-test experimental design with 208 nurses from seven Chinese provinces. The intervention consisted of a 5-day workshop comprising didactic lectures interspersed with activities designed to elicit discussion of participants' values and personal feelings about HIV/AIDS. Bloom's Taxonomy and principles of good HIV/AIDS educational practice guided the educational intervention. Outcome variables were HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitude toward patients with HIV/AIDS (including empathy for and desire to avoid these patients) and willingness to provide nursing care to these patients. The data were collected in 2003. FINDINGS: At baseline, HIV/AIDS knowledge was not high and attitudes and willingness to care were neutral. Knowledge, attitudes toward patients with HIV/AIDS and willingness to provide nursing care to these patients were each improved at the conclusion of the workshop (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: As the HIV/AIDS epidemic expands, nurses will be called upon to deliver competent, compassionate and comprehensive care to patients and their significant others. Intensive, interactive HIV/AIDS professional workshops can contribute to the national effort by increasing knowledge and improving attitudes towards and willingness to provide nursing care for patients with HIV/AIDS.     

对护理人员HIV/AIDS有关知识和态度的调查分析

目的 了解护理人员掌握艾滋病的知识程度和态度,为实施相关的教育和培训提供依据.方法 采用问卷调查法对四川、云南和广西463例护理人员的艾滋病知识和态度进行调查.结果 三地护理人员的一般情况除是否参与艾滋病相关培训、专门针对护士的培训、所在医院是否有艾滋病患者外,其他各项差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);护理人员艾滋病知识平均得分(12.95±2.35),三地间差异无统计学意义;护理人员对待艾滋病的一般态度得分(3.38±0.30),三地间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);在18项工作相关态度方面,超过80%的护理人员持认可度的条目有4条,三地护理人员间有6各方面的工作相关态度差异有统计学意义.结论 三地护理人员的艾滋病知识水平和不确定的态度不能满足艾滋病高流行势态的需求,尤以四川突出,为此加强三地护理人员有关艾滋病的培训迫在眉睫.     

培训培训者模式在护理人员艾滋病知识培训中的应用

目的探讨培训培训者模式在新疆5个艾滋病重点地区护理人员艾滋病知识、态度、行为培训中的实践效果。方法首先对培训者进行艾滋病相关知识培训,然后由这些培训者对本地区医院的护理人员进行培训。结果培训后,接受培训者及一般护理人员的艾滋病相关知识、态度、行为等得分较培训前均有显著提高,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论培训培训者模式可以有效提高护理人员的艾滋病知识和应对能力。     

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: knowledge and attitudes of nurses in Northern Ireland

The number of people suffering from conditions associated with HIV infection is growing steadily. These people require care from nurses who should be well trained to undertake all the various aspects of nursing care. Surveys have indicated that health professionals associate AIDS with minority groups such as homosexuals, drug-abusers and prostitutes. Incidents of sub-optimal nursing care of AIDS patients, or suspected AIDS patients belonging to these minority groups, have been well documented. Surveys have revealed much ignorance and confusion among the general public as well as among health professionals with regard to this controversial syndrome. This study aimed to measure nurses' knowledge and attitudes towards homosexuals, drug-abusers and prostitutes, who through their lifestyle are at increased risk for HIV infection. Questionnaires were distributed to a random sample of 800 nurses in Northern Ireland. The sample was stratified by several demographic variables. A response rate of almost 60% was achieved. Nurses appeared to have a moderate knowledge of issues related to HIV infection, but there were large gaps in their knowledge of the terminology used in HIV infection. Nurses were not extremely worried about AIDS itself. However, homosexuals, prostitutes and drug-abusers were seen to be at least partly responsible for their own illness. Implications for nursing care and for nurse education are discussed.     

湖北省某医院ICU护士对身体约束知信行现况调查及影响因素分析

目的 调查湖北省某三甲医院ICU护士对患者身体约束知信行的现况并分析其影响因素.方法 采用便利抽样法,选取重症医学科的115名护士为研究对象,采用身体约束知信行问卷调查护士对患者实施身体约束的知识、态度和行为现状,并分析影响因素.结果 ICU护士身体约束知识得分为(66.74±8.54)分,态度得分为(21.02±4....     

感染科实习护生艾滋病相关知识、态度及护理意愿调查

目的：了解感染科实习护生对HIV相关知识的掌握情况,探讨消除对住院艾滋病患者的歧视以及改善护理意愿的方法。方法对106名护生进行艾滋病相关知识培训,培训前后采用艾滋病相关知识掌握情况、态度、担心感染和护理意愿问卷进行调查。结果短期培训后护生艾滋病相关知识正确率较培训前提高;对艾滋病错误认识的态度从（3．5±0．5）分降低到（3．4±0．5）分,担心感染从（4．1±0．9）分降低到（3．7±1．0）分,差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为2．043,4．545;P＜0．05）。结论对护生的艾滋病相关知识经过短期培训是可以改善的,但其护理意愿即行为的改变不明显;在思想观念上,了解并深入认识疾病,提高积极行为还需要更长的时间。     

The attitudes, concerns, gloving practices and knowledge of nurses in a Taiwanese hospital regarding AIDS and HIV

Many studies have documented nurses' attitudes and concerns regarding AIDS/HIV, but little is known about Taiwanese nurses. We documented attitudes, concerns, gloving practices and practical AIDS/HIV knowledge of 1090 nurses from one metropolitan hospital in Changhua City, Taiwan. The response rate was 80.9%. Both HIV and hepatitis contraction in the workplace was nurses' main concern. Two hundred and ten nurses (19.3%) were seriously considering leaving nursing because of fear of contracting AIDS/HIV. Virtually all nurses considered it their right to be informed of the presence of HIV-positive patients in their direct work area and many believed that HIV testing of patients should be mandatory. Practical AIDS/HIV knowledge was deficient. These Taiwanese nurses have concerns and fears that might be related to deficiencies in practical AIDS/HIV knowledge. Continuous educational programmes are recommended to alleviate these nurses' attitudes and concerns regarding AIDS/HIV.     

Evaluation of the AIDS Prevention Street Nurse Program: one step at a time.

The AIDS Prevention Street Nurse Program uses specially prepared community health nurses to focus on HIV and STD prevention with marginalized, hard-to-reach and high-risk clients within a broader context of harm reduction and health promotion. Street nurses (n = 17), service providers (n = 30), representatives of other HIV/STD programs in the province of British Columbia, Canada (N = 5), and clients (n = 32) were interviewed during an evaluation for the purpose of describing the nurses' work, the challenges the nurses' face, the fit of the program with other services, and the impact of the nurses' work. This article describes the impact of the nurses' work on clients. Impact/outcome changes reflected a progression from knowledge to behavioural levels and to major indicators of health/illness. Impact on clients included: knowing more about HIV/AIDS, their own situation, and options; receiving essential supplies to reduce harm and promote health; changing behaviour to reduce disease transmission, improve resistance, and promote health; connecting with help; feeling better about themselves and others; feeling supported; influencing others; receiving earlier attention for problems; being healthier with or without HIV; making major changes in drug use; and likely decreasing morbidity and mortality. The Program was found to be clearly effective in making a positive impact on clients.