广西壮瑶毛南族儿童头发中5种元素测定分析

为了解广西壮、瑶、毛南族少数民族头发中微量元素的含量,用原子吸收分光光度法测定了广西壮、瑶、毛南族３～１２岁儿童头发中Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ、Ｃａ５种微量元素的含量,结果：各元素含量依次为Ｃａ＞Ｚｎ＞Ｆｅ＞Ｃｕ＞Ｍｎ,３个民族中Ｚｎ元素含量均无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）,Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ的含量有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）,幼儿头发中各元素的含量差异小（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

小学生龋患儿头发6种元素含量变化

用原子吸收光谱法检测汉中市１７４例小学生龋患儿及１５９名对照组小学生头发微量元素Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ及常量元素Ｃａ、Ｍｇ的含量。结果表明龋患组发Ｃａ含量明显低于对照组（Ｐ〈０．０１）;女生龋患组发Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ含量低于女生对照组同指（Ｐ〈０．０５）;常态下女生发Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ含量明显高于男生同指标（Ｐ〈０．００１或Ｐ〈０．０１）;发Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｎ５种元素之间有不同程度的相关性。     

茶叶中微量元素Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Zn的溶出率及化合态研究

用电感耦合等离子体－光发射光谱法（ＩＣＰ－ＯＥＳ）测定市售茶叶中Ｃｒ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｎ、Ｎｉ、Ｚｎ等微量元素的含量及各元素沸水溶出率,平均溶出率分别为Ｃｒ３９．８％、Ｃｕ４２．５％、Ｆｅ８．６％、Ｍｎ４５．５％、Ｎｉ８７．１％、Ｚｎ７１．０％。溶出率随浸泡次数增加而降低,总溶出量中８０％的Ｃｒ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ、Ｎｉ、Ｚｎ及６０％的Ｆｅ在第一次浸泡中溶出。另外测定了６种元素在茶水中的化学形态,其中有机态     

40例肺心病人发中微量元素的测定

对４０例肺心病人发中元素Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｍｇ、Ｓｅ、Ｃａ的含量进行了测定，其结果Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ和Ｓｅ与正常人比较变化不明显（Ｐ＞０．０５），Ｚｎ的含量低于正常人（Ｐ＜０．０５），Ｍｇ和Ｃａ明显低于正常人（Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示Ｚｎ、Ｍｇ和Ｃａ与肺心病的关系较为密切，其下降可引起机体的免疫功能低下，加重感染。     

情感性精神障碍患者红细胞5种元素含量测定及临床意义的研究

通过对２５例情感性精神障碍患者和５２名正常对照组的红细胞Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ元素含量的研究，发现情感性精神障碍患者Ｚｎ和Ｍｇ元素含量和Ｚｎ／Ｃｕ比值明显低于对照组，而Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ和Ｃａ元素含量明显高于对照组。提示体内Ｚｎ和Ｍｇ元素含量降低，而与Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ和Ｃａ元素含量升高，可能是情感性精神障碍发生和发展的因素之一     

反复上呼吸道感染末梢血6种元素含量测定及其临床意义

反复上呼吸道感染末梢血６种元素含量测定及其临床意义黄固广西柳州市妇幼保健院（柳州５４５００１）合肥安徽省立医院内科（合肥２３０００１）合肥安徽省地质实验所用末梢血对３０例反复上呼吸道感染患儿的Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ、Ｃａ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｇ含量进行检测，并探讨其临...     

孕产妇血清和脐血血清中6种营养元素的相关关系及孕期营养保健的研究

检测了４６例非孕育龄妇女、１０９３例孕妇、６８例产妇血清及其中３９例新生儿脐血血清中的Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｐ水平，发现妇女妊娠以后血清Ｃｕ、Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值显著升高（Ｐ均＜０．０１），Ｚｎ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ则明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５、Ｐ＜０．０１、Ｐ＜０．０１）。对３９例产妇血清及其新生儿脐血血清中的６种元素进行相关分析，发现两者间Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｐ水平呈显著正相关关系，而Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ的相关关系不明显。     

不同性别人群血压与血清7种元素相关性逐步回归分析

通过对中国脑中风高发区、低发区１５个省、市、自治区的流行病学调查监测，分性别对血清中常量元素Ｋ、Ｎａ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ和微量元素Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ的含量与血压进行了逐步回归分析，探讨了脑中风主要危险因素高血压与血清中７种金属元素含量的相关性，结果发现男性血压与血清中Ｎａ（收缩压）、Ｃａ、Ｆｅ和Ｚｎ／Ｃｕ比（舒张压）呈正相关，与Ｃａ／Ｍｇ比负相关；女性血压与Ｋ、Ｃａ（收缩压）、Ｍｇ、Ｃｕ含量和Ｎａ／Ｋ比、Ｚｎ／Ｃｕ比呈正相关。     

云南茶叶中的微量元素分析

用原子吸收光谱法和电感耦合等离子光谱法（ＩＣＰＳ）测定了云南１７种茶叶中微量元素Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｍｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｒ、Ｃｏ、Ｍｏ、Ｇｅ、Ｓｅ和Ｋ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ的含量，讨论与人体健康的关系。     

孕产妇血清和脐血血清中6种营养元素的相关关系及孕期营养…

检测了４６例非孕育龄妇女，１０９３例孕妇，６８例产妇血清及其中３９例新生儿脐血血清中Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ、Ｃａ、ｍｇ、Ｐ水平，发现妇女妊娠以后血清Ｃｕ、Ｃｕ／Ｚｎ比值显著升高（Ｐ均〈０．０１），Ｚｎ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ则明显降低（Ｐ〈０．０５，Ｐ〈０．０１、Ｐ〈０．０１），对３９例产妇血清及其新和脐血血清中的６种元素进行相关分析，性得间Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｐ水平显著正相关关系，而Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｆｅ的相关关系不明显。     

原子吸收分光光度法测定果品中8种矿质元素含量

采用空气—乙炔火焰原子吸收分光光度法同时测定K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn等8种矿质元素,矿质元素浓度在0~5000μg/L时,其吸光度和矿质元素浓度的线性相关系数均在0.996以上,用此法测定了新疆地产4种特色果品中矿质元素的含量,取得了满意的结果。     

不同产地茶叶矿物质元素含量的调查分析

选取海南、福建等四个产地不同品种茶叶,测定其中水分、灰分等含量,并采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES法)对10种茶叶中的17种常量和微量矿质元素含量进行分析。结果表明,不同种类茶叶的水分含量在6.4%～8.9%之间,灰分含量在4.0%～16.5%之间。不同产地的特产茶叶中17种矿质元素含量丰富,产地不同对茶叶常量元素与微量元素组成影响不大,所测得10种茶叶中元素含量由高到低依次为常量元素钾、钙、硫、镁、锰、铁和微量元素锌、锡、钡、铜、钠、镍、钪、铬、钴、镧、锂等。     

枸杞果肉种子及全果中元素的测定

目的:测定枸杞中果肉、种子及全果中铁、铜、锌、钾、钠、钙、镁、锰、锂、锶元素的含量,并比较其元素含量的差异,为临床应用提供依据。方法:火焰原子吸收法。结果:钾、钠、钙在果肉中含量较种子中丰富,而镁和锰在种子中含量比果肉中高得多,锶的含量只有1.535μg/g,比果肉42.511μg/g少得多。铜的含量果肉中12.593μg/g,而种子中只有6.930μg/g。全果中各种元素含量均居果肉和种子之间。结论:各种元素在果肉、种子及全果中含量有明显差异,因而对不同元素缺乏症应视具体情况服用果肉、种子或全果。     

ICP-OES和ICP-MS测定黄金茶中26种矿质元素含量

收集了2种不同产地的黄金茶样品,经过微波消解或密封消解后,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP—OES)和电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP—MS)测定了其中Al,As,B,Ba,Ca,Cd,Co,Cr,Cs,Cu,Fe,K,Mg,Mn,Mo,Na,Ni,P,Pb,Rb,S,Sb,Se,Sr,V和Zn等26种矿质元素的含量,并用生物标准参考物质灌木枝叶组合样(GBW07603)评价分析了方法的准确度。研究结果表明:黄金茶中人体必需宏量元素K,Na,Ca,Mg,S,P和人体必需微量元素Zn,Cu,Fe,Mn等含量十分丰富,而有害元素Pb,Cd,As,Sb等含量极低。2种不同产地的黄金茶中一些元素的含量存在明显的差异,可能与地壳中化学元素分布的不均一性等因素有关。     

合肥市小学一年级学生头发中6种矿物元素含量及其与食物摄入频率关系

目的 分析合肥市一年级小学生头发中Zn、Ca、Fe、Mg、Cu、Pb等6种矿物元素的含量并探讨矿物元素含量与食物摄入频率的关系.方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取合肥市小学一年级在校学生进行采样,并对其家长进行问卷调查,获得有效样本180例.采用原子吸收分光光度法测定头发中矿物元素含量,并利用SPSS13.0统计软件进行数据处理.结果 儿童体内矿物元素Fe、Zn、Cu、Ca、Mg存在一定程度的缺乏或过量,以缺乏较明显;儿童体内Pb含量升高也较明显.鸡蛋摄入频率、水产品摄入频率、碳酸饮料摄入频率及是否摄入保健品与各矿物元素的等级无关联;豆制品摄入频率与头发中的Fe、Zn、Cu、Mg和Ca的含量都有关联,不同等级间差异有统计学意义;不同水果摄入频率学生头发中的Fe、Zn和Mg的等级差异有统计学意义;坚果摄入频率与头发中的Fe、Zn、Mg和Ca的含量都有关联,不同等级间差异有统计学意义;西式快餐摄入频率与Pb的含量有关联,摄入频率越高,Pb过量几率越大.结论 合肥市一年级小学生体内6种矿物元素含量均存在较明显的异常,矿物元素的含量与饮食结构具有相关性.     

Mineral elements content of wild growing edible mushrooms from the southeast of Spain

Wild-growing mushrooms could be a potential source of mineral elements The aim of this study was to analyze the mineral composition of 18 species of wild-growing mushrooms collected in a natural park from the Spanish southeast (province of Granada). Ca, Mg, K, Na, Fe, Cu and Zn, were determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy and P was analyzed colorimetrically by the vanadomolybdate procedure; the accuracy of methods was assessed by the use of certified reference materials. The contribution of mushrooms consumption to the mineral daily recommended intakes was calculated. Although large variations were observed between species, the most abundant mineral elements in the analyzed mushrooms were K and P, with average contents of 29.3 ± 8.1 and 8.60 ± 4.8 g/kg dry matter (dm), respectively. Low Na concentrations were observed (26.5–579 mg/kg dm), with the only exception of Amanita ovoidea, and high Fe values, exceeding in some cases 1000 mg/kg dm (such as in Lactarius deliciosus and Morchella conica). Mushrooms may be significant contributors of K and P in the human diet and also good sources of trace elements, especially Cu and Fe, providing negligible quantities of Na. Strong correlations were observed for Ca/Mg and Cu/Zn contents in the mushrooms analyzed.     

Oxalate content and calcium binding capacity of tea and herbal teas

Thirty-two commercially available teas consisting of green, oolong and black teas were bought from supermarkets in Christchurch, New Zealand in June 2001. Fifteen herbal teas were also purchased at the same time. The soluble oxalate content of the infusate made from each of the teas was determined using high pressure liquid chromatography. The mean soluble oxalate contents of black tea in tea bags and loose tea leaves were 4.68 and 5.11 mg/g tea, respectively, while green teas and oolong tea had lower oxalate contents, ranging from 0.23 to 1.15 mg/g tea. The soluble oxalate content of the herbal teas ranged from not detected to 3.00 mg/g tea. A regular tea drinker consuming six cups of tea/day would have an intake of between 26.46 and 98.58 mg soluble oxalate/day from loose black tea, 17.88 and 93.66 mg soluble oxalate/day from black tea in tea bags and a maximum of 18.0 mg/day from herbal teas. The oxalate intake from the regular daily consumption of black teas is modest when compared to the amounts of soluble oxalate that can be found in common foods. However, oxalate in black teas has the potential to bind to a significant proportion of calcium in the milk, which is commonly consumed with the black teas.     

The classification of tea according to region of origin using pattern recognition techniques and trace metal data

Trace metals in tea originating from various Asian and African countries were determined by using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Pattern recognition techniques were then used to classify the tea according to its geographical origin. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA), as exploratory techniques, and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA), were used as classification procedures. In total, 17 elements (Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Cs, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sr, Ti, V, Zn) were determined in a range of 85 tea samples (36 samples from Asian countries, 18 samples from African countries, 24 commercial blends and seven samples of unknown origin). Natural groupings of the samples (Asian and African teas) were observed using PCA and CA (squared Euclidean distance between objects and Ward's method as clustering procedure). The application of LDA gave correct assignation percentages of 100.0% and 94.4% for the African and Asian teas, respectively, at a significance level of 5%. SIMCA offered percentages of 100.0% and 91.7% for African and Asian groups, respectively, at the same significance level. LDA, also at a significance level of 5%, allowed a 100% of correct case identification for the three classes China, India and Sri Lanka. However, a satisfactory classification using SIMCA was only obtained for the Chinese teas (100% of cases correctly classified), while teas from India and Sri Lanka appear to form the same class.     

Estimated equilibrated dietary intakes for nine minerals (Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn) adjusted by mineral balance medians in young Japanese females

The present study sought to determine estimated equilibrated dietary intakes (EEDIs) for nine essential minerals: sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn), using data from 17 human mineral balance studies conducted from 1986 to 2007 (subjects=178). Among these studies, two used male subjects, two subjected some or all subjects to sodium restriction, and one study utilized a low protein diet; these subjects were not included in the present analysis. Consequently, data from 13 studies of young female subjects (n=131) consuming a standard diet were selected. Balance distribution medians for six of the minerals (Na, K, Mg, Fe, Zn and Cu) were positive, so the data were adjusted to set the medians of the balances to zero. Medians for the other minerals (Ca, P and Mn) were close to zero and were not adjusted. Intake and balance for each mineral were divided by body weight (BW), lean body mass (LBM), and standard body weight (SBW), which was calculated using height and standard body mass index (BMI=22), and EEDIs were calculated as the intercept of a simple regression equation. When relationships between intake and balance of a mineral were not significant in the regression equation, a significant regression equation comparing intake and balance of another mineral was used to calculate the intercept. Significant simple regression equations were not obtained from any of the three parameters of Na or Zn, or for two of the parameters of P; thus, K, Fe and Ca balances were used to determine the intercepts for Na, Zn and P, respectively. EEDIs for the minerals were: Na (67.9, 89.0, 62.5), K (39.5, 53.5, 37.4), Ca (11.0, 14.4, 10.1), Mg (4.18, 5.51, 3.86), P (18.7, 24.6, 17.3) (mg/kg BW/d, mg/kg LBM/d, mg/kg SBW/d), Fe (180, 237, 165), Zn (168, 241, 166), Cu (30.9, 42.6, 29.7), Mn (55.1, 72.1, 50.7) (μg/kg BW/d, μg/kg LBM/d, μg/kg SBW/d), respectively. These values are nearly identical to the mean dietary intakes.     

Concentration of fluoride and selected other elements in teas

Infusions made from 15 Chinese, 11 Ceylon/Indian and 6 herb teas (1 g/100 ml deionized water at 85 degrees C) were analyzed for F, P, Ca, Al, Mg, Mn and Zn. Chinese teas continued to release F throughout the first hour of infusion, whereas release of F from Ceylon/Indian teas was essentially completed after 5 minutes. After a 15-minute infusion, the mean F concentration in Chinese teas was 1.73 ppm, and in Ceylon/Indian teas it was 1.24 ppm. Herb teas contained a negligible amount of F (0.02-0.05 ppm). Phosphorus and Mg were the most abundant of the other elements with an average of 12.5 and 9.1 ppm, respectively. A high correlation (r = 0.81) was found between the released F and Al. The total F content in tea leaves ranged from 82 to 371 ppm. The addition of milk to tea infusions did not appreciably reduce the F concentration. The estimated daily F intake from tea infusion made with fluoridated water at 0.7 ppm is 1.05 mg.