肝细胞癌门静脉癌栓相关血清小分子量蛋白质标志物的筛选

目的筛选肝细胞癌门静脉癌栓相关的血清小分子量蛋白质标志物。方法收集健康志愿者、肝细胞癌无癌栓患者和肝细胞癌门静脉癌栓患者3组血清各l2份，用16％SDS-PAGE进行双向电泳，得到3组血清小分子量蛋白质表达图谱；经Image Master软件比对分析后，用基质辅助激光解析飞行时间质谱对差异点进行鉴定。结果在16％SDS-PAGE凝胶中，3×10^3～20×10^3区域内蛋白质条带间距较12．5％SDS-PAGE明显增宽，条带数目明显增多，且3组血清小分子量蛋白质表达图谱中均可清晰显示〈20×10^3的小分子量蛋白质斑点。组间比较显示，3组血清共有15个小分子量差异蛋白质点，经鉴定为5种蛋白质。与健康组比较，无癌栓组中载脂蛋白A-I、脂蛋白CⅢ、转甲状腺素蛋白和DNA拓扑异构酶Ⅱ表达降低，而结合珠蛋白-2表达增高；门静脉癌栓组5种蛋白质表达均较无癌栓组降低。结论在肝细胞癌的发生和发展过程中，血清小分子量蛋白质表达谱发生明显变化，差异表达的小分子量蛋白质有可能为肝细胞癌和门静脉癌栓早期预测及治疗监测提供参考。     

Identification of two portal vein tumor thrombosis associated proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma: protein disulfide-isomerase A6 and apolipoprotein A-I

Background and Aim: Portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is one of the factors that can affect prognosis and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, we aimed to find out some biomarkers associated with vascular invasion features of HCC with the method of comparative proteomic analysis. Methods: The proteins were extracted from a pair of HCC tissues with PVTT and without PVTT, and then separated by two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Differentially expressed protein spots were identified by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS). Further analysis of two proteins were completed using real‐time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western‐blot in 40 HCC tissues with PVTT (n = 20) and without PVTT (n = 20). Results: Among 465 protein spots displayed on the gels, 33 unique proteins (> twofold change, P < 0.01) were identified, including 24 upregulated in HCC tissue without PVTT and nine upregulated in HCC tissue with PVTT. The real‐time fluorescence quantitative PCR showed no statistically significant difference between HCC tissues with PVTT and without PVTT for mRNA expressions of protein disulfide‐isomerase, A6 (PDI A6) (P = 0.137) and apolipoprotein A‐I (Apo A‐I) (P = 0.718). However, compared with HCC tissues without PVTT, protein expression of PDI A6 was higher in HCC tissues with PVTT (P < 0.001), while protein expression of Apo A‐I was lower in HCC tissues with PVTT (P = 0.012). Conclusions: PDI A6 and Apo A‐I are closely related to vascular invasion feature of HCC.     

血清蛋白质组分析技术筛选肝癌自发抗体

目的采用血清蛋白质组分析技术(SERPA)筛选、鉴定肝癌自发抗体。方法双向电泳分离肝癌细胞系HCCLM3的总蛋白后将其转膜,肝癌、肝炎和正常组血清各8份与膜免疫印迹,图像分析确定不同血清免疫印迹图谱间的差异点及其与双向电泳图谱的对应关系,最后用基质辅助激光解吸飞行时间质谱进行鉴定。结果建立了高重复性HCCLM3的双向电泳图谱及其肝癌、肝炎及正常组血清的免疫印迹图谱,图谱均点数分别为603、70.75±24.25、68.50±23.44和41.38±15.05,肝癌、肝炎组图谱点数明显多于正常组,但肝癌与肝炎组差异无统计学意义。质谱鉴定确定了核蛋白、细胞骨架、代谢酶及热休克蛋白等五类肝癌自发抗体。结论SERPA是一种高通量筛选、鉴定肿瘤自发抗体的新技术,大量肝癌自发抗体的发现为肝癌进一步的免疫诊断及治疗奠定了基础。     

肝癌发生不同病理阶段血清蛋白质组的比较

目的 比较肝癌发生不同病理阶段血清蛋白质组的表达变化情况,从中寻找特异性标志物.方法 用双向凝胶电泳分离正常人,慢性肝炎、肝硬化和肝癌患者的血清蛋白质,结合质谱技术对差异点进行鉴定; Western blot检测结合珠蛋白β链以验证蛋白质水平的表达.计量资料数据以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,采用方差分析和LSD检验进行两两比较.结果 4组血清的双向电泳图谱经软件匹配分析,并与基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱相结合,成功鉴定出结合珠蛋白,SAA1、SP40等30个差异蛋白质点,K cluster聚类分析不同的变化模式.在差异蛋白质点中,7个蛋白质点均为结合珠蛋白,呈现由正常→肝炎→肝硬化持续下调、到肝癌又上调的模式.Western blot证实结合珠蛋白β链的表达与双向电泳表达相一致.结论 在肝癌发生的动态过程中各疾病阶段的血清蛋白质差异表达有4种明显变化模式,可能为肝癌的早期诊断和预后提供依据,与肝癌发生发展相关的结合珠蛋白很可能是肝硬化发展到肝癌的一个潜在早期诊断标志物.     

慢性砷暴露人群血清差异表达蛋白研究

目的 筛选慢性砷暴露人群血清差异表达蛋白,为寻找慢性砷暴露和砷中毒的血清蛋白标志物提供线索.方法 在山西省饮水型地方性砷中毒病区村进行现场调查,收集调查对象的人口学基本特征、饮水砷暴露史、吸烟、饮酒和健康情况等信息.根据饮水水砷浓度分组:低砷组(水砷暴露＜ 10μg/L)、中砷组(水砷暴露10 ～ 50 μg/L)、高砷组(水砷暴露＞50 μg/L)、砷中毒组(过去水砷暴露＞50 μg/L,改水后目前水砷＜10μg/L),选择符合入组条件的调查对象,每组30例.砷中毒组诊断依据《地方性砷中毒诊断标准》(WS/T 211-2001)进行.根据知情同意的原则,采集4组人群静脉血,取血清,采用双向差异凝胶电泳(two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis,2-D DIGE)筛选不同水砷浓度暴露组及砷中毒组血清差异表达蛋白,采用质谱进行蛋白鉴定.结果 在6张胶图中平均检测出蛋白点(1299±167)个,其中在5张胶中均出现的蛋白点有688个.在低、中、高砷组,有33个蛋白点存在差异表达(P＜ 0.01);在低、中、高砷、砷中毒组,有54个蛋白点存在差异表达(P＜0.01).对其中的25个蛋白点进行了质谱鉴定,成功的鉴定出13种蛋白.与低砷组比较,载脂蛋白A-Ⅳ、血浆视黄醇结合蛋白、雌激素受体(下丘脑亚型)在中、高砷组表达下调,补体4A和4B表达上调;与低、中、高砷组比较,β2糖化蛋白Ⅰ、角蛋白1、血红素结合蛋白前体、补体C1r亚单位、纤维凝胶蛋白3在砷中毒组表达下调,色素上皮衍生因子、α1-微球蛋白、羧肽酶N端催化链表达上调.结论 慢性砷暴露对人群血清蛋白产生显著影响,砷中毒人群血清中出现的差异表达蛋白不会在短期内随着饮水砷浓度的下降而全部得到改善,鉴定的差异表达蛋白能否作为慢性砷暴露或砷中毒的血清标志物还有待于进一步验证.     

乙型肝炎病毒相关性肝细胞癌患者肝硬化组织与癌组织蛋白质组的差异

目的分析乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)相关性肝细胞癌患者肝硬化组织与癌组织蛋白质组之间的差异,鉴定其中的差异蛋白质点。方法应用双向聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,对12例肝细胞癌患者的肝细胞癌组织与肝硬化组织的蛋白质进行差异分析,应用基质辅助激光解吸离子化飞行时间质谱仪对差异蛋白质点进行了鉴定。结果经肝细胞癌绀织与癌周组织的差异对比分析,共发现有表达水平存在显著差异的35个蛋白质点,14个差异蛋白质点得到了初步鉴定,其中5个蛋白质既往文献中曾报道其与肝细胞癌变相关。结论HBV相关性肝细胞癌蛋白质组与肝硬化组织蛋白质组之间存在差异;本实验研究中初步鉴定的差异蛋白质,可能有助于HBV相关性肝细胞癌的癌变机制、肿瘤标记和治疗靶标的进一步研究。     

肝癌及癌旁肝组织的高尔基体差异蛋白质分析

目的 筛选并鉴定肝癌及癌旁肝组织高尔基体蛋白质组中差异表达的蛋白质,从高尔基体层面解释肝癌的发生和发展机制,为早期诊断和抗癌药物的研发提供线索.方法 应用亚细胞比较蛋白质组学研究方法,比较分析肝癌及癌旁肝组织高尔基体蛋白质组.收集肝癌患者手术切除的癌组织和癌旁肝组织标本,蔗糖密度梯度离心法分离高尔基体.建立并优化两种组织高尔基体的双向电泳方法,用PD-Quest软件分析差异表达的蛋白质点,然后用质谱仪获取相应蛋白点的肽质指纹图谱,联网到Swiss-Prot蛋白质组数据库鉴定获得的差异蛋白质点,最后用Western blot验证双向电泳结果.蛋白质相对表达量的比较采用配对t检验.结果 获得了分辨率和重复性均较好的双向电泳银染图谱.与癌旁肝组织相比,肝癌高尔基体蛋白质组有包括膜联蛋白5在内的27个蛋白质位点表达上调,包括染色体修饰蛋白2b在内的20个蛋白质位点表达下调,初步鉴定出了其中17个蛋白质,并用Western blot从蛋白质水平上验证了双向凝胶电泳结果.结论 肝癌及癌旁肝组织高尔基体蛋白质组具有不同的蛋白质位点,这些差异表达的蛋白质涉及到细胞的能量代谢、肿瘤的侵袭和转移,细胞周期调控等方面,为进一步阐释高尔基体在肿瘤的发生和发展中所起的作用提供了有价值的信息.     

HBV相关性肝细胞癌肝组织蛋白质组差异的初步分析

目的分析HBV相关性肝细胞癌蛋白质组与癌周组织（肝硬化组织、慢性肝炎组织）蛋白质组之间的差异，鉴定其中的差异蛋白质点。方法应用双向聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，对18例肝细胞癌组织与12例肝硬化组织、6例慢性肝炎组织的蛋白质组表达谱进行差异分析，应用基质辅助激光解吸离子化飞行时间质谱仪对差异蛋白质点进行了鉴定。结果肝细胞癌组织与癌周组织的对比中，共发现有表达水平存在显著差异的47个蛋白质点，17个差异蛋白质点得到了初步鉴定，其中8个蛋白质点在既往文献中未曾报道其与肝细胞癌变相关。结论慢性肝炎基础上发生的癌变与肝硬化基础上发生的癌变，其癌变机制存在差别。本实验研究中初步鉴定的差异蛋白质，可能有助于HBV相关性肝细胞癌的癌变机制、肿瘤标记和治疗靶标的进一步研究。     

Comparative Proteomics of Sera From HCC Patients With Different Origins

Background:

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a major fatal cancer worldwide, is induced by different etiological factors in the liver.

Objectives:

To gain insight into serum protein profiling of HCC with different etiologies.

Patients and Methods:

We subjected the sera of HBV-HCC, HCV-HCC, non-B non-C-HCC patients, and healthy volunteers to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Results:

We found 30 differentially expressed protein spots (≥ 1.5 fold P < 0.05) between these two analyses; of them 17 protein spots corresponding to 8 proteins were identified by MS. Transthyretin, leucine rich α-2-glycoprotein, and ficolin 3 were differentially expressed between HBV-related HCC and non-B non-C-HCC sera. Moreover, haptoglobin α-2 isoforms were decreased in HCV-HCC compared to non-B non-CHCC.

Conclusions:

Serum proteome analyses of HCC with different origins showed a differential protein pattern, presumably related to different hepatopathogenesis in liver induced by different agents. Further studies are required to clarify the importance of identified proteins for early diagnosis of HCC with different origins.     

双氢青蒿素对蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫滋养体蛋白质的损伤

目的探讨双氢青蒿素(dihydroartemisinin,DHA)对体外培养的蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫(Giardialamblia)滋养体蛋白质的损伤作用。方法用改良TYI-S-33培养基培养蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫滋养体;设立实验组(DHA组)和正常对照组(C组)。实验组用含双氢青蒿素的培养基(含LC50=200μg/mL的DHA)培养;对照组培养基不含药物。提取各组虫体总蛋白,经Brad-ford法进行蛋白质定量,样本经2D-电泳和硝酸银染色后,扫描检测凝胶电泳图蛋白点的数量和种类,获取蛋白质点匹配信息,挑选匹配性高的蛋白点,进行质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)分析。结果经双氢青蒿素作用后虫体总蛋白质含量(0.6993μg/mL)明显低于对照组(4.8241μg/mL),二者差异有显著性(P0.001)。蛋白质二维电泳凝胶图分析结果显示,正常对照组(C组)蛋白点密集,约1253个点,布满整块凝胶,蛋白表达量高(蛋白点颜色深且清晰、明亮);与此相反,实验组(DHA组)蛋白点显著减少,DHA作用6h后约617个点,作用12h后约326个点,蛋白表达量明显降低(蛋白点颜色浅,不清晰)。其次,正常对照组与双氢青蒿素组的12kDa~30kDa、等电点pI3.0~7.6范围内蛋白点表达量存在明显差异,即实验组该范围内大多数蛋白点完全消失,45kD~60kDa的蛋白点仅剩6个点。质谱分析鉴定结果显示,在正常对照组胶图所选的80个匹配良好的蛋白点中,鉴定出6种骨架蛋白(14个点),而实验组(DHA组)蛋白胶图中相对应的蛋白点消失。结论双氢青蒿素对蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫滋养体的蛋白质具有明显的损伤作用,其中包括细胞骨架蛋白。     

Multimodality treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with tumor thrombi in portal vein

AIM To compare the therapeutic effect andsignificances of multimodality treatment forhepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with tumorthrombi in portal vein (PVTT).METHODS HCC patients (n=147) with tumortrombi in the main portal vein or the first branchof portal vein were divided into four groups bythe several therapeutic methods. There wereconservative treatment group in 18 out ofpatients (group A); and hepatic artery ligation(HAL) and/or hepatic artery infusion (HAI)group in 18 patients (group B), in whompostoberative chemoembolization was doneperiodically; group of removal of HCC with PVTTin 79 (group C) and group of transcatheterhepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) orHAI and/or portal vein infusion (PVI) afteroperation in 32 (group D).RESULTS The median survival period was 12months in our series and the 1-, 3-, and 5-yearsurvival rates were 44.3%, 24.5% and 15.2%,respectively. The median survival times were 2,5, 12 and 16 months in group A, B, C and D,respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rateswere 5.6%, 0% and 0% in group A; 23.2%,5.6% and 0% in group B; 53.9%, 26.9% and16.6% in group C; 79.3%, 38.9% and 26.8% ingroup D, respectively. Significant differenceappeared in the survival rates among the groups (P<0.05).CONCLUSION Hepatic resection with removalof tumor thrombi and HCC should increase thecurative effects and be encouraged for theprolongation of life span and quality of life forHCC patients with PVTT, whereas the besttherapeutic method for HCC with PVTT is withregional hepatic chemotherapy orchemoemblization after hepatic resection withremoval of tumor thrombi.     

Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of indomethacin-treated human colon cancer cells

AIM: To establish the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) profiles of indomethacin (IN)-treated human colon cancer cell line HCT116, and to provide a new way to study its anti-tumor molecular mechanism through analyzing a variety of protein maps. METHODS: Two-DE profiles of HCT116 were established in IN-treated and untreated groups. Total proteins were separated by immobilized pH gradient-based 2-DE. The gels were stained by silver, scanned by ImageScanner, and analyzed with Image Master software. RESULTS: Clear background, well-resolved and reproducible 2-DE patterns of HCT116 cells were acquired in IN-treated and untreated group. The average deviation of spot position was 0.896±0.177 mm in IEF direction and 1.106±0.289 mm in SDS-PAGE direction respectively. In IN-treated group, 1169±36 spots were detected and 1 061±32 spots were matched, the average matching rate was 90.6% in three gels. In untreated group, 1 256±50 spots were detected and 1168±46 spots were matched, the average matching rate was 93.0% in three gels. Forty-five differential protein spots were displayed between IN-treated and untreated groups. Of which, 34 protein spots decreased and 9 showed higher expression in IN-treated group, and only two protein spots showed an expression in untreated cells. CONCLUSION: Two-DE profiles of IN-treated and untreated HCT116 cells were established. Apparent 45 different protein spots were detected in IN-treated and untreated HCT116 cells. The analysis on differential protein spots may serve as a new way to study the molecule mechanism of IN-treated colon cancer.     

Differential proteomic analysis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line metastasis-associated proteins

PURPOSE: The comparative study of differentially expression of protein profiles of hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines with various metastasic potential and screening key molecules related to hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis and recurrence. METHODS: Using two-dimensional electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS), we analyzed differentially displayed proteomics of human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines Hep3B, MHCC97L, MHCC97H with different metastasic potential. RESULTS: Approximate 1,000 protein spots were detected on silver-stained gel by ImageMaster (977+/-113 spots in Hep3B, 1092+/-40 in MHCC97L, and 889+/-14 in MHCC97H). Fifty distinct different protein spots were analyzed with online LC-ESI-MS/MS. Only 26 protein spots had a positive result, including annexin1, S100A4, and so on. In comparison with nonmetastasis Hep3B cell lines, there were 16 proteins overexpressed in MHCC97H and MHCC97L, 10 proteins underexpressed in MHCC97H and MHCC97L. Applying cell immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR, we further validated two interesting and different proteins, annexin1 and S100A4. CONCLUSION: The protein profile of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines displayed obvious differences compared with non-metastatic liver cancer cell lines. The results imply that various different proteins may lead to HCC metastasis together.     

低温胁迫下淡色库蚊体内蛋白表达的双向电泳分析

目的 探索低温胁迫对淡色库蚊体内蛋白质表达的影响。 方法 以室内饲养淡色库蚊为对照,利用双向 电泳技术,比较低温处理后淡色库蚊体内蛋白质表达谱的差异。 结果 处理组和对照组蛋白质浓度分别为 8. 5 μg / μL 和 4. 76 μg / μL,二者差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。 经双向电泳分析,共发现 2 倍差异蛋白点 77 个,低温处理组 表达量上调的蛋白点 30 个,表达量下调的蛋白点 47 个;低温处理组特有蛋白点 14 个,分子量主要在 25 ~ 60 kDa 之 间。 共鉴定出 25 个差异表达蛋白质,主要与细胞骨架的重塑、糖代谢、能量代谢以及各种合成酶和代谢酶有关。 结论 低温处理可诱导淡色库蚊体内蛋白质的表达变化,对差异蛋白的进一步分析有望获得淡色库蚊的抗冻蛋白。     

燃煤污染型砷中毒肝损伤患者血清差异蛋白质的筛选

目的 对比分析燃煤污染型砷中毒肝损伤患者和健康人血清中差异表达的蛋白,筛选与燃煤污染型砷中毒致肝损伤发生密切相关的血清蛋白质.方法 6例血清标本来自于贵州省兴仁县交乐病区燃煤型砷中毒肝损伤患者及病区健康人(对照组),采用双向凝胶电泳(2-DE)分离血清中总蛋白,硝酸银染色后经图像分析识别差异表达的蛋白质,基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时问质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)鉴定差异表达的蛋白质点,寻找与燃煤污染型砷中毒致肝损伤有关的蛋白质.结果成功地建立了血清2-DE图谱.差异蛋白分析显示,砷中毒肝损伤组平均蛋白点数为(824±31)个,对照组为(782±42)个,两组血清2-DE图谱的匹配率为94.9%(782/824).筛选出两组间的差异蛋白点49个,对其中表达量差异3倍以上的30个蛋白点进行MALDI-TOF-MS分析,鉴定出相关蛋白10个.与对照组比较,其中α2-巨球蛋白、B细胞受体相关蛋白31、细胞角蛋白1、载脂蛋白A-I在砷中毒肝损伤组表达上调,触珠蛋白、α2-HS-糖蛋白、细胞外信号调节激酶4、锌指蛋白323、ZAP-70、SP40表达下调.结论成功地建立了分辨率高、重复性较好的燃煤污染型砷中毒肝损伤患者血清2-DE图谱,并筛选出一些与健康人血清中差异表达的蛋白质,这些蛋白质能否作为燃煤污染型砷中毒肝损伤诊断的血清标志物还有待于进一步验证.     

不同转移潜能人肝癌细胞系酪氨酸磷酸化蛋白质差异分析

目的研究不同转移潜能人肝癌细胞系中酪氨酸磷酸化蛋白质表达的差异并筛查与肝癌转移相关的酪氨酸磷酸化蛋白质分子。方法应用双电泳(2-D E)、免疫印迹法及基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱分析,对三种不同转移潜能人肝癌细胞系Hep 3B、MHCC97L和MHCC97H进行酪氨酸磷酸化蛋白质组分析。结果对照2-DE胶和免疫印迹发光胶片,Hep3B检测到10个点,MHCC 9 7L检测到19个点, MHCC97H检测到17个点。经质谱鉴定,得到膜连蛋白Ⅰ等19个差异点。结论细胞内酪氨酸磷酸化蛋白的表达差异与肝癌的侵袭转移有关。     

人胎儿肝组织形态学及蛋白质组学分析

目的 探讨不同发育时期胎儿肝组织形态学及蛋白质表达谱的差异.方法 胎儿肝组织常规切片、HE染色、光学显微镜下观察肝组织形态.采用基于双向电泳-基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱的蛋白质组学分析方法,分析早,晚期胎儿肝脏蛋白质表达谱的差异,并与肝癌组织蛋白质表达谱比较;用Mascot软件对差异表达的蛋白质在蛋白质数据库中进行检索并鉴定.结果 早、晚期胎儿肝脏不仅组织形态学上存在明显差异,而且蛋白质表达谱也存在明显差异.与肝癌组织蛋白质表达谱比较,对有差异的和相似的32个蛋白质点进行分析,初步鉴定出26个蛋白质.它们涉及细胞的增殖、凋亡及各种物质代谢等方面.结论 提示肝癌的发生是原始胎儿肝细胞发育分化的重现,在肝癌的发生过程中由于癌细胞遗传特性的紊乱获得了某些胎儿肝细胞的特性.     

旋毛虫肌幼虫特异性抗原的鉴定

目的 寻找诊断旋毛虫病的特异性抗原。方法 应用SDS—PAGE和Western blot对旋毛虫肌幼虫可溶性抗原中的蛋白组分进行研究。结果 旋毛虫肌幼虫可溶性抗原经SDS—PAGE后显示29条蛋白带，分子量范围在112—12kDa之间，其中65、43、42、31、30、20、17、16kDa为主带。112、110、108、102、97、95、65、63、58、55、53、49、45、43、42kDa蛋白组分与并殖吸虫感染的大鼠及患者血清、华支睾吸虫病、血吸虫病及囊尾蚴病患者血清均具有明显的交叉反应带；24—20kDa蛋白组分只与旋毛虫感染的大鼠、小鼠及患者血清反应，而不与其它寄生虫感染的动物或患者血清、正常大鼠和小鼠及正常人血清发生交叉反应。结论旋毛虫肌幼虫可溶性抗原中24—20kDa蛋白组分为旋毛虫肌幼虫的特异性抗原，可用于旋毛虫病的免疫学诊断及血清流行病学调杏。     

Reduction of erythrocyte membrane band 4.2 protein in patients with obstructive jaundice

Alteration of erythrocyte membrane proteins was studied in patients with obstructive jaundice in comparison with healthy controls. Analysis of the erythrocyte membrane proteins by SDS-PAGE revealed a slightly reduced protein 4.2 (MW 72 kDa). The erythrocytes with reduced protein 4.2 contained normal amounts of all other membrane proteins. In this study, it was demonstrated that the reduction of 4.2-protein is a common alteration in abnormal erythrocytes, target cells, and is observed in obstructive jaundice.     

Plasma biomarkers of mouse aging

Normal aging is accompanied by a series of physiological changes such as gray hair, cataracts, reduced immunity, and increased susceptibility to disease. To identify novel biomarkers of normal aging, we analyzed plasma proteins of male mice longitudinally from 2 to 19 months of age. Plasma proteins were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and identified using mass spectrometry (MS), MS/MS and liquid chromatography MS/MS. We found that many plasma proteins exist as multiple isoforms with different masses and/or charges. Thirty-nine protein spots (corresponding to six distinct proteins) have been identified, 13 of which exhibited significant changes with age. For example, several proteins increased significantly during aging including one isoform of transthyretin, two isoforms of haptoglobin, and three isoforms of immunoglobulin kappa chain. Conversely, several proteins decreased significantly during aging including peroxiredoxin-2, serum amyloid protein A-1, and five isoforms of albumin. Identification of these proteins provides new biomarkers of normal aging in mice. If validated in humans, these biomarkers may facilitate therapeutic interventions to identify premature aging, delay aging, and/or improve healthspan of the elderly.