小儿症状性癫痫的CT诊断特性及其应用价值

目的:研究颅脑CT检查对小儿癫痫诊断的价值.方法:回顾性分析以癫痫为首发症状的患儿180例头颅CT表现,研究小儿癫痫的病变原因及其CT表现特性.结果:头颅CT扫描未见异常65例,异常CT表现115例,其中脑萎缩29例,先天性病变22例,脑积水19例,颅内感染性病变15例,脑实质钙化6例,脑囊虫病6例,脑肿瘤5例,外伤及脑出血5例,蛛网膜囊肿3例,新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病3例,多发性硬化2例.结论:脑萎缩、先天性疾病及脑积水是癫痫患儿最常见的病因;头颅CT检查对症状性癫痫患儿具有重要价值.     

癫痫426例的CT病因诊断

癫痫是一种常见的神经系统疾病 ,在人群中发病率较高 ,约为 0 .5 %～ 1% [1 ] 。由于本病有反复发作的倾向 ,给患者带来极大痛苦 ,因此认真探索其发病原因至关重要。我院近 8a来用CT对 42 6例癫痫患者的病因进行了分析 ,现报告如下。1　对象和方法本组男 2 5 3例 ,女 173例 ,男∶女为 1.46∶ 1,年龄 2～ 75岁 ,平均 2 8.4岁 ,其中 2～ 30岁者 2 95例 ,占 6 9.2 % ;癫痫发作病程 2 d～ 34 a,平均 3.16 a;全部病例均经临床和脑电图等检查确诊。症状 :发作时以抽搐为主者 2 37例 ,抽搐并意识丧失者12 1例 ,以头痛、腹痛、肢痛为主者 6 8例 ,伴…     

小儿肝母细胞瘤的CT诊断

肝母细胞瘤（HB）是小儿最常见的肝脏恶性肿瘤.肿瘤多较巨大,术前定位有一定困难.其CT表现有一定特征性,对于诊断有较大帮助.本文收集我院1992年4月～2004年5月经CT检查并经手术病理证实的HB 10例进行分析,旨在进一步提高对HB的CT表现的认识.     

囊性肾癌的CT诊断及鉴别诊断

囊性肾癌临床少见，易与肾囊肿等良性病变变相混淆，现将我院收治的11例经病理证实的囊性肾癌报告如下，开分析其CT征象。     

粘连性肠梗阻的CT诊断

目的:探讨粘连性肠梗阻的CT征象及诊断。方法:行腹部CT平扫及增强扫描,回顾性分析经手术病理和临床随访结果证实的54例粘连性肠梗阻的CT征象。结果:CT检查发现粘连索条和腹腔束带46例。粘连段肠管改变54例,包括肠管皱缩42例,梗阻部位鸟嘴征15例,肠袢粘连成团5例。移行区炎症4例,恶性肿瘤腹腔转移恶性粘连4例。肠绞窄征象5例。结论:CT能明确诊断粘连性肠梗阻及其原因,并有效提示肠绞窄。     

小儿肺结核20例CT诊断及误诊分析

目的探讨小儿肺结核的胸部CT表现及误诊原因。方法回顾性分析20例小儿肺结核的CT表现。结果小儿肺结核胸部CT表现呈多样性,部分病例CT表现不典型,易误诊。结论 CT检查是小儿肺结核的重要检查方法,但肺结核的确诊需根据临床资料及其他结核的相关检查综合判断。     

小儿外伤性脑梗塞的CT分析

目的:探讨小儿外伤性脑梗塞的特点、机理及动态CT检查的必要性。方法:回顾性分析26例小儿外伤性脑梗塞的CT资料。结果:脑叶梗塞4例,占15.4%,基底节区梗塞22例,占84.6%。18例伴豆状核钙化。伤后2个月CT复查6例,病灶均呈软化灶。结论:小儿外伤性脑梗塞多见于婴幼儿,致伤因素较轻,梗塞灶多见于基底节区且多伴豆状核钙化。CT检查发现梗塞灶的最佳时间是伤后1~6天,动态CT检查不仅可以发现梗塞灶,而且可以观察梗塞灶的变化过程。     

脑实质囊虫CT表现与癫痫的关系

目的:通过对147例脑实质囊虫患者的CT表现进行分析,探讨脑实质囊虫与癫痫发作的关系。方法:搜集147例经临床和脑脊液酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)证实脑实质囊虫患者,并对病灶的CT表现进行分期、计数及单发病灶的定位分析。结果:104例脑实质囊虫患者癫痫发作与病灶演变过程、数目及分布有关。结论:根据脑实质囊虫病CT表现能够预测癫痫发作,CT检查是一种安全、准确而又可靠的方法。     

急性中毒性脑病的CT诊断

目的:探讨急性中毒性脑病的CT表现,提高对本病的认识。材料与方法:搜集急性中毒性脑病18例,回顾性分析其脑部CT表现特点,其中原发病为重症肺炎5例,毒鼠强中毒4例,腹泻3例,有机磷农药中毒2例,CO中毒2例,不明原因2例。结果:CT表现:脑水肿18例,脑实质密度减低,脑室及脑池受压变小,严重者全脑密度呈均一性减低;蛛网膜下腔出血14例,表现为后纵裂池及天幕等处条片状高密度影;脑内出血2例,呈斑片状高密度影。结论:CT能够反映中毒性脑病的病变范围、严重程度和预后情况,对临床及时正确诊治,减少后遗症具有重要意义。     

小儿髋关节滑囊炎的CT诊断

目的:探讨CT对小儿髋关节滑囊炎的诊断价值。资料和方法:65例收住本院并确诊的小儿滑囊炎病例,回顾分析其X线及CT表现。 结果:65例(68只髋关节)CT均表现为关节积液,液性影密度均匀,CT值低于30Hu,闭孔内肌影内移大于3mm,脂肪及肌肉影边缘清晰。结论:CT对小儿髋关节滑囊炎的诊断具有较高的实用价值。     

Brugada综合征误诊为症状性癫癎的临床分析

1　病例资料男,31岁。因发作性意识丧失伴四肢抽动9天入院。患者于9天前早晨起床后突然意识丧失,呼之不应,伴四肢抽动,持续约1小时不缓解,急送医院救治,途中家属诉患者呼吸、心跳停止,经胸外按压后复苏,至当地医院测血压、心率正常,诊断为症状性癫,当时测体温39 1℃,查血白细     

CT findings in symptomatic left paraduodenal hernia

Two cases of symptomatic, surgically proven left paraduodenal hernias were shown with computed tomography (CT) imaging. A small bowel loop was seen behind the pancreatic tail in one case, and a ring-oriented bowel loop was shown between the transverse colon and the left adrenal gland in the other. Received: 11 January 1995/Accepted: 4 February 1995     

Parental attitude and adjustment to childhood epilepsy

Parenteral attitudes and adjustment to epilepsy were assessed for 50 parents of children aged 6 to 14 with epilepsy. Fishbein's Expectancy-Value Model of Attitude was used to assess parental attitudes. Parental adjustment was measured both by a self-report instrument and by an independent psychosocial assessment conducted by a psychiatric social worker. The major finding was a strong positive relationship (R = .67, p less than .001) between parental attitude and adjustment for the mothers. The attitude-adjustment relationship was not significant for the fathers. In addition, parental attitudes and perception of seizure control accounted for 60% of the variance in the mothers' adjustment scores. Seizure control was significantly positively related (p less than .05) to parental adjustment.     

Impaired attention and network connectivity in childhood absence epilepsy

Patients with childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) often demonstrate impaired interictal attention, even with control of their seizures. No previous study has investigated the brain networks involved in this impairment. We used the continuous performance task (CPT) of attentional vigilance and the repetitive tapping task (RTT), a control motor task, to examine interictal attention in 26 children with CAE and 22 matched healthy controls. Each subject underwent simultaneous 3T functional magnetic resonance imaging-electroencephalography (fMRI-EEG) and CPT/RTT testing. Areas of activation on fMRI during the CPT task were correlated with behavioral performance and used as seed regions for resting functional connectivity analysis. All behavioral measures reflecting inattention were significantly higher in patients. Correlation analysis revealed that impairment on all measures of inattention on the CPT task was associated with decreased medial frontal cortex (MFC) activation during CPT. In addition, analysis of resting functional connectivity revealed an overall decrease within an 'attention network' in patients relative to controls. Patients demonstrated significantly impaired connectivity between the right anterior insula/frontal operculum (In/FO) and MFC relative to controls. Our results suggest that there is impaired function in an attention network comprising anterior In/FO and MFC in patients with CAE. These findings provide an anatomical and functional basis for impaired interictal attention in CAE, which may allow the development of improved treatments targeted at these networks.