miR-503对辐射诱导U937细胞CD40表达的调控作用

目的 探讨miR-503在U937细胞中与CD40的靶向关系,并观察其对辐射诱导U937细胞CD40表达的调控作用。方法 将miR-503序列插入载体pcDNA-DEST-47中构建真核表达质粒;同时构建CD40基因3’-UTR-荧光素酶报告质粒,与pcDNA-DEST-miR-503质粒共转染至U937细胞,分析miR-503对其调控作用;同时用miR-203和miR-29b作为对照,观察miR-503对CD40的靶向作用。采用Western blot方法,证实miR-503对CD40蛋白表达的抑制作用及照射后U937细胞CD40蛋白表达变化;采用Real-Time PCR方法检测 5 Gy电离辐射照射后U937细胞miR-503表达量。结果 psiCHECK2-CD40和pcDNA-DEST-miR-503两种质粒共转染组的荧光素酶表达明显低于单独转染的空载体和靶基因CD40组(t=3.16,P<0.05),miR-203和miR-29b不能抑制CD40荧光素酶活性,而miR-503明显抑制CD40荧光素酶活性(t=5.25,P<0.01);转染pcDNA-DEST-miR-503质粒后在U937细胞中,靶基因CD40蛋白的表达受抑制。5 Gy电离辐射照射后,U937细胞中miR-503表达量上调(t=3.63~17.00,P<0.01),而CD40蛋白表达下降。结论 miR-503与CD40可能是靶向关系,并参与其调控作用。辐射上调人急性白血病细胞株U937细胞的miR-503的表达量,而且抑制CD40蛋白表达,说明miR-503可能参与辐射对肿瘤细胞CD40蛋白表达的调控作用。     

miR-9对神经纤毛蛋白-1的靶向调控及其在辐射效应中的作用

目的：构建has-miR-9表达质粒和NRP1-3’UTR荧光素酶报告质粒,探讨miR-9对 NRP1的靶向调控作用及其在A549 细胞中的辐射效应。方法：利用生物信息学方法预测has-miR-9与NRP1-3’UTR的结合位点;将miR-9序列插入载体pcDNA-DEST47中构建真核表达质粒,同时构建NRP1-3’UTR的野生型和突变型荧光素酶报告质粒,并与pcDNA-DEST-miR-9质粒共转染至A549细胞,分析miR-9对其调控作用;miR-29b作为阴性对照,观察miR-9对NRP1的靶向作用。采用Western blot方法,验证miR-9对NRP1蛋白表达的抑制作用及照射后A549细胞NRP1蛋白表达变化;采用实时定量PCR方法检测10 Gy电离辐射照射后A549细胞miR-9表达量。结果：荧光素酶活性实验结果显示,miR-9可以显著下调野生型NRP1-3’UTR质粒的荧光素酶活性（t=3.906,P<0.05）,而不影响突变型质粒的荧光素酶活性,同时证实miR-9以外的miRNA（miR-29b）不能抑制野生型NRP1-3’UTR质粒的荧光素酶活性。转染miR-9 mimic后,在A549细胞中,靶基因NRP1蛋白的表达受抑制。10 Gy照射后,A549细胞中miR-9表达量下调（t=37.319,P<0.05）,而NRP1蛋白表达升高。结论：在A549辐射效应中miR-9通过靶向结合NRP1基因3’UTR,特异性调控NRP1蛋白表达。     

LyGDI在非小细胞肺癌细胞A549中的辐射抗性机制研究

目的 探讨LyGDI的表达在非小细胞肺癌细胞A549中的辐射抗性机制。方法 A549和作为对照的H460细胞分别受到0、2、4和6 Gy X射线照射后,克隆形成试验分析辐射抗性差异,Western blot分析LyGDI和辐射敏感性关键基因环氧合酶COX-2的表达。实时荧光定量PCR分析miR-34a以及miR-34b/c在A549和H460细胞中的表达。A549细胞中转染50 nmol/L的miR-34c成熟序列,观察其对A549细胞辐射抗性以及LyGDI和COX-2基因表达的影响。结果 LyGDI和COX-2在辐射抗性的A549细胞中的表达水平高于H460细胞,miR-34a以及miR-34b/c在两种非小细胞肺癌中低表达。转染miR-34c可抑制LyGDI、COX-2和Bcl-2以及激活p21的表达,增强A549细胞细胞的辐射敏感性（t=3.85、5.89、5.12,P<0.05）。结论 LyGDI诱导的COX-2的上调表达以及电离辐射效应miR-34家族的下调表达,是A549细胞辐射抗性的一个主要原因。     

X射线诱导非小细胞肺癌A549细胞凋亡的适应性反应及相关miRNA筛选的研究

目的 研究X射线辐射诱导非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）A549细胞凋亡的适应性反应,并筛选适应性反应相关的微RNA（miRNA）。 方法 将NSCLC A549细胞分为6组,包括 50 mGy+20 Gy、200 mGy+20 Gy、20 Gy、50 mGy、200 mGy照射组及对照组（0 Gy）,前2组细胞分别用50、200 mGy初始剂量进行照射,培养6 h后用20 Gy的效应剂量进行照射,20 Gy、50 mGy、200 mGy照射组同时进行照射。培养24 h后使用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况。利用小RNA测序技术筛选差异表达miRNA,并对其靶基因进行基因本体（GO）及京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路的功能富集分析。采用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）对部分差异表达miRNA进行验证。2组间数据的比较采用Welch t检验。 结果 50 mGy+20 Gy照射组和200 mGy+20 Gy照射组的A549细胞早期凋亡率分别为（1.81±0.11）%和（2.17±0.19）%,低于20 Gy照射组的（4.54±0.23）%,且差异均有统计学意义（t=10.680、8.006,均P<0.01）。与20 Gy照射组相比,50 mGy+20 Gy照射组和200 mGy+20 Gy照射组共同差异表达趋势miRNA有1个上调（miR-3662）、15个下调（miR-185-3p、miR-1908-5p、miR-1307-5p、miR-182-3p、miR-92a-3p、miR-582-5p、miR-501-3p、miR-138-5P、miR-1260b、miR-484、miR-378d、miR-193b-3P、miR-127-3p、miR-1303及miR-654-5p）。GO富集分析结果显示,差异表达miRNA调控靶基因功能显著富集于细胞通讯调节、代谢过程的正向调节、代谢信号的调节、酶结合及催化活性等过程。KEGG富集分析结果显示,靶基因相关信号通路显著富集于溶酶体、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶、Ras和内吞作用等信号通路。qRT-PCR检测结果显示,miRNA表达情况与基因芯片结果趋势一致（10个miRNA表达水平得到验证）。 结论 X射线50、200 mGy照射剂量均能诱导NSCLC A549细胞凋亡的适应性反应,并筛选到一组共同差异表达的miRNA,可能在X射线辐射诱导细胞凋亡的适应性反应中发挥了重要作用,有可能成为调节电离辐射生物效应的潜在靶点。     

小鼠DUSP1 3’-UTR双荧光素酶报告基因表达系统的建立及功能鉴定

目的 建立小鼠双特异性磷酸酶1(DUSPl)3’端非翻译区(UTR)双荧光素酶报告基因表达系统,并对其进行功能鉴定.方法 提取RAW264.7细胞总RNA并反转录为cDNA,以其为模板通过PCR扩增获得小鼠DUSP1 3'-UTR全长序列,酶切后克隆至pGL3-control载体荧光素酶编码基因的下游,获得重组载体LuDP,经PCR、限制性内切酶酶切、DNA序列分析鉴定正确后与内参照质粒pRL-TK共转染NIH3T3细胞,48h后检测双荧光素酶报告基因的表达.将含有小鼠DUSP1 3’-UTR的荧光素酶表达模块与来源于pRL-TK质粒的RL表达模块克隆至pLenti6-TR质粒中,获得双荧光素酶报告基因表达载体LuDP/RL,将其与RNA结合蛋白HuR表达载体(pcDNA3.1-HuR-FLAG)、mmu-miR-101a分别共t转染NIH3T3细胞,检测双荧光素酶的活性,分析HuR、mmu-miR-101对荧光素酶基因表达活性的影响.结果 成功构建了双荧光素酶报告基因表达载体.小鼠DUSP1 mRNA 3'-UTR可显著下调与其相连的荧光素酶的表达活性(0.14±0.01倍,P＜0.01);共转染HuR可上调荧光素酶的表达活性(1.40±0.20倍,P＜0.05),共转染mmu-miR-101a则可下调荧光素酶表达活性(0.57±0.18倍,P＜0.05).结论 成功构建了DUSP1 3’-UTR双荧光素酶报告基因表达系统,该系统可用于转录后调控元件对小鼠DUSP1基因表达的调控机制研究.     

60Co γ射线照射致小鼠肝脏的miRNAs表达改变

目的 应用miRNA芯片筛选4 Gy60Co γ射线照射后小鼠肝脏中差异表达的miRNAs,生物信息学方法探索差异表达miRNAs调控的主要功能.方法 SPF级C57BL/6J小鼠接受4 Gy60Co γ射线单次全身照射后,进行外周血白细胞计数和骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核计数.应用miRNA芯片筛选照射后小鼠肝脏中差异表达的miRNAs,用miRNA特异引物对部分差异表达miRNA进行实时定量PCR(real time PCR)验证.运用生物信息学方法,对差异miRNAs靶基因及调控功能进行预测.结果 4 Gyγ射线照射后,外周血白细胞总数与对照组相比显著减少(t=2.87,P＜0.05),而骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率与对照组相比显著增加(t=-2.91,P＜0.05).miRNA芯片结果显示,照射组与对照组差异表达的miRNAs共17个,其中9个表达上调,8个表达下调.miR-124和miR-34a的实时荧光定量RT-PCR验证结果与芯片结果一致.GO分析发现,与黏附、细胞周期相关的通路被抑制,一些免疫相关通路被激活.结论 miR-34a和miR-194参与了急性辐射损伤的调控,起主要调控作用的miRNAs还有miR-124、miR-382和miR-92a*.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the differential expression profiles of microRNAs in the liver of 60Co γ-ray irradiated mice using microRNA microarray and to explore their main functions by bioinformatic analysis.Methods After SPF C57BL/6J mice expose to 4 Gy-single whole body radiation,total number of peripheral WBC and the fMNPCE were measured at 3 d.The differentially expressed miRNAs in mouse liver were detected with miRNA microarray,miRNA-124 and miR-34a were confirmed by real time RT-PCR assay.Bioinformatic analysis was applied to explore target genes and the main functions of the differential expressed miRNAs.Results Compared with control group,the total number of peripheral WBC decreased( t = 2.87,P ＜ 0.05 ) ,while the fMNPCE in bone marrow increased ( t =-2.91,P ＜0.05) after 4 Gy γ-ray irradiation.miRNA microarray revealed that 17 miRNAs were differentially expressed,in which 9 up-regulated,8 down-regulated.The expression levels of miR-124 and miR-34a were coincident with the result of real time RT-PCR.GO analysis showed that some pathways including adherens junction and cell cycle were suppressed,while some immune-related pathways were activated.Conclusions miR-34a and miR-194 were involved in the regulation of acute radiation damage,some other miRNAs including miR-124、miR-382 and miR-92a* also played important roles in radiation process.     

microRNA-17-92对人套细胞淋巴瘤细胞放射敏感性的影响

目的 探讨microRNA-17-92对人套细胞淋巴瘤细胞放射敏感性的影响.方法 通过细胞转染获得Z138c-TMP2细胞株和稳定高表达miR-17-92的Z138c-TMP2-miR-17-92细胞株.采用锥虫蓝染色活细胞计数和3H-TdR掺入方法,观察两组细胞外照射后生长情况.采用流式细胞仪检测两组细胞照射后周期时相分布和细胞晚期死亡率.结果 随着照射剂量的增加,miR-17-92组较TMP2组有更多存活细胞(t=-3.12和-3.28,P＜0.05);TMP2组细胞出现G2/M期阻滞,miR-17-92组未出现明显周期阻滞(t=2.885,P＜0.05).2和4 Gy照射后培养96 h以上,TMP2组细胞PI单染阳性细胞百分比(24.02%和36.16%)明显高于miR-17-92组(6.49%和11.39%),差异有统计学意义(t=-17.59、-4.972,P＜0.05).结论 miR-17-92高表达可明显降低人套细胞淋巴瘤细胞株Z138c细胞的放射敏感性.改变细胞周期和抵抗照射诱导的凋亡是miR-17-92发挥作用途径之一.     

靶向FHL1的microRNA初步筛选研究

目的 构建含有FHL1基因3'-UTR区的荧光素酶报告基因载体,用以检测与其相互作用的microRNA(miRNA).方法 PCR扩增出FHL1基因3'-UTR区片段,插入到经过改造的荧光素酶报告基因载体pcDNA 3.0中;利用Target Scan5.1软件预测可能与FHL1基因3'UTR区相互作用的miRNA,将miRNA与荧光素酶报告重组子共转染至293T细胞中,检测其荧光活性;构建针对荧光活性结果变化明显的miRNA的种子区缺失突变体,检测荧光活性.结果 测序结果表明,含有FHL1基因3'-UTR区的荧光素酶报告基因载体构建正确;荧光素酶活性实验表明,与对照组相比,miR-200c、miR-146a、miR-146b-5p可使荧光素酶报告重组子的荧光素酶活性降低40％左右,并构建上述miRNA缺失突变体,miR-200c使荧光素酶活性回复.结论 成功构建了FHL1基因3'UTR区的荧光素酶报告基因载体,而miR-200c、miR-146a、miR-146b-5p可以抑制其荧光素酶活性,其中miR-200c可能直接作用于FHL1基因3'-UTR区.     

γ射线照射致小鼠胸腺组织信号转导差异基因的变化及意义

目的探讨6Gyγ射线照射后不同时间小鼠胸腺组织信号转导差异基因表达谱的动态变化。方法雄性C57BL/6小鼠48只,5～6周龄,经6Gyγ射线照射后,分别于照射后1、6、14、28d分批活杀取胸腺。提取胸腺组织总RNA,应用快速高通量cD-NA基因芯片技术检测γ射线照射后的差异表达基因,特别是与信号转导相关的差异基因的表达。结果小鼠经6Gyγ射线照射后,随时间推移,胸腺组织信号转导相关差异表达基因数目逐渐减少,照射后1、6、14、28d差异基因数量分别为126、43、27和0个。辐射所诱导的胸腺组织信号转导差异表达基因在照射后不同病理阶段,涉及不同的信号通路,主要包括Wnt受体信号通路、MAPK信号通路、G蛋白偶联受体信号PI-3K/AKT通路、NIK-I-κB/NF-κB级联信号通路等。结论 6Gyγ射线照射小鼠胸腺组织信号转导基因涉及多个信号通路,并且显示出时间上的明显差异。     

射线诱导PIRES-Egr-1-IFN-γ在小鼠体内的表达

电离辐射可迅速诱导细胞中早期生长反应（Egr-1）基因的表达，Egr-1基因启动子含有6个CArG元件，电离辐射通过细胞产生活性氧自由基作用于CArG元件诱导Egr-1的表达，用Egr-1启动子经辐射可诱导下游基因的超强表达。根据Egr-1的辐射诱导特性，利用Egr-1启动子区的顺式作用元件以及调节免疫的基因来构建辐射诱导表达调控系统，以实现肿瘤的基因治疗联合放射治疗，又称基因．放射治疗是近年提出的肿瘤治疗新思路。本研究初步探讨放疗诱导Egr-1启动的IFN-γ了基因（PIRES-Egr-1-IFN-γ质粒）在小鼠体内表达的时效和量效关系，为基因．放射治疗的临床应用提供依据。     

成批煤气爆燃烧伤的救治体会

报道治疗因煤气泄漏爆炸烧伤病员7例，经应用MEBT技术积极救治，其中6例于伤后17天痊愈出院，另一例特重伤员也于伤后30天康复出院。作者认为：应严格按照MEBT／MEBO要求进行规范治疗，正确处理生命体征、休克、感染、脏器功能和创面的辨证关系。同时，不能忽视外科营养在过程中的重要作用，它是创面修复的物质保证。     

Glutamine supplementation in vitro and in vivo,in exercise and in immunodepression

In situations of stress, such as clinical trauma, starvation or prolonged, strenuous exercise, the concentration of glutamine in the blood is decreased, often substantially. In endurance athletes this decrease occurs concomitantly with relatively transient immunodepression. Glutamine is used as a fuel by some cells of the immune system. Provision of glutamine or a glutamine precursor, such as branched chain amino acids, has been seen to have a beneficial effect on gut function, on morbidity and mortality, and on some aspects of immune cell function in clinical studies. It has also been seen to decrease the self-reported incidence of illness in endurance athletes. So far, there is no firm evidence as to precisely which aspect of the immune system is affected by glutamine feeding during the transient immunodepression that occurs after prolonged, strenuous exercise. However, there is increasing evidence that neutrophils may be implicated. Other aspects of glutamine and glutamine supplementation are also addressed.     

新疆石河子地区奶牛隐性乳房炎的调查与分析

采用LMT法对新疆石河子地区三个规模化奶牛场泌乳牛群进行了隐性乳房炎检测,共检测994头泌乳牛3976个乳区.结果表明:奶牛隐性乳房炎阳性率为81.9%,乳区阳性率为49.1%.数据分析表明,不同年龄、胎次以及有无卧床奶牛的隐性乳房炎阳性率差异显著(P<0.05),后乳区的隐性乳房炎感染率显著高于前乳区感染率(P<0.05),隐性乳房炎乳区发生数也明显影响当日产奶量(P<0.05).     

Sex differences in neuromuscular fatigability in response to load carriage in the field in British Army recruits

Objectives

Women are resistant to neuromuscular fatigue compared to men in response to a range of exercise tasks. The sex differences in the neuromuscular responses to load carriage have yet to be investigated.

Decrease in eccentric hamstring strength in runners in the Tirol Speed Marathon

Background

The local muscular endurance of knee flexors, during eccentric work in particular, is important in preventing or delaying kinematic changes associated with fatigue during treadmill running. This result, however, may not be transferable to overground running.

Objective

To test the hypothesis that overground running is associated with eccentric hamstring fatigue.

Methods

Thirteen runners (12 male and one female) performed an isokinetic muscle test three to four days before and 18 hours after a marathon. Both legs were tested. The testing protocol consisted of concentric and eccentric quadriceps and hamstring contractions.

Results

There were no significant differences between peak torque before and after the race, except that eccentric peak hamstring torque (both thighs) was reduced.

Conclusion

Overground running (running a marathon) is associated with eccentric hamstring fatigue. Eccentric hamstring fatigue may be a potential risk factor for knee and soft tissue injuries during running. Eccentric hamstring training should therefore be introduced as an integral part of the training programme of runners.     

肺心病慢性呼吸性酸中毒合并代谢性酸碱失衡判断方法探讨(附80例次血气分析)

目的：对42例肺心病慢性呼吸性酸中毒患者的80例次血气测定结果。方法：用不同的酸碱图（卡）及代偿公式进行酸碱类型的初步差别分析。结果：结合临床表现、各种影响因素与治疗反应等作出综合判定。结论：比较二种判定的差异，并提出较为实用、可靠的判断建议，以助于复合型呼吸性酸碱失衡的临床诊断与处理。     

Oxalosis in primary hyperoxaluria in infancy

Primary hyperoxaluria (PH1) is a rare inborn autosomal recessive metabolic disorder due to the deficiency of hepatic alanine-glyoxylate-aminotransferase. This deficiency results in excessive synthesis and urinary excretion of oxalate, inducing renal stone formation and deposition of calcium oxalate in the kidney, bone, myocardium, and vessels (systemic oxalosis, SO) in the most severely affected individuals. We report renal and skeletal changes in a 3-month-old girl with PH1 and SO. Intense cortico-medullary hyperechogenicity and increased homogeneous radiopacity of normal-sized kidneys suggested the diagnosis of SO. Skeletal survey showed osteopenia and characteristic symmetrical metaphyseal transverse bands in long bones, progressively becoming more dense and migrating towards the diaphysis. Multiple pathological and slowly healing fractures of the limbs occurred at the dense band level. A radiopaque rim was then observed in flat bones, epiphyseal nuclei, and vertebral bodies. Inflammatory granulomatous reaction, induced by the presence of oxalate crystals in the marrow spaces, coexisted with progressively evident radiological signs of secondary hyperparathyroidism, with partially overlapping features. The patient was treated by peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis until combined liver–kidney transplantation. There are no previous reports of infants treated with hemodialysis for more than 2 years.     

Interventional radiology in oncology in private practice

Interventional oncology in private practice requires expert training and can be performed in a stand-alone facility for type 1 procedures in a hospital setting for type 2 and 3 procedures where subspecialized radiologists, state-of-the-art equipment, and postprocedure hospital monitoring are available. A multidisciplinary effort with oncologists, internal medicine physicians and anesthesiologists is necessary. The practice of interventional oncology requires around the clock availability, meticulous and established protocols and procedures and a financial investment. On the other hand, it is professionally gratifying because of constant technical advances and the impact on patients.