胰十二指肠切除改良胰管空肠吻合预防胰瘘

目的：分析胰十二指肠切除术（PD）胰管空肠端侧粘膜对粘膜及胰管空肠套入式吻合方式,以其预防术后胰瘘发生。方法：2003年1月～2007年1月回顾性分析25例PD的临床资料,残胰的重建方式分别按胰管空肠粘膜对粘膜套入式端侧吻合,胰管支撑管胰液体外引流。结果：PD24例术后恢复顺利,未发生胰瘘;1例术后腹腔创面广泛渗血,多器官功能衰竭围手术期死亡,其余随访无远期并发症。结论：PD胰管空肠端侧粘膜对粘膜套入式吻合有明显避免胰瘘及并发症的发生,真正临床应用价值有待更大量的对照随机前瞻性大样本研究才能作出正确可靠的评价。     

胰肠吻合方式对胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的影响

目的:探讨胰肠吻合方式对胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的影响。方法:回顾性分析2008年10月至2013年8 月天津医科大学肿瘤医院收治的145 例术前诊断为壶腹周围肿瘤行胰十二指肠切除术患者的临床资料。对影响术后胰瘘发生的相关因素进行统计分析。结果:本组患者中27例术后发生胰瘘。在4 种胰肠吻合方式中，胰管空肠黏膜吻合和Blumgart 吻合的胰瘘发生率低，且皆无C 级胰瘘。多因素分析应用Logistic回归，结果表明不同的胰肠吻合方式及性别为术后胰瘘发生的独立预后因素。结论:胰肠吻合方式是影响胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘发生的危险因素。      

胰管栓塞对胰头癌行胰十二指肠切除术后患者预后影响

胰管栓塞术治疗预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的发生取得满意效果。追踪随访27例胰管栓塞、胰十二指肠切除术后患者生存状况时发现胰管栓塞术有效解决了胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的同题,而且降低了患者晚期疼痛及黄疸的出现率。同时又发现肿瘤复发时间延后,三年内癌肿复发率低于传统手术方式。     

胰管栓塞对胰头癌行胰十二指肠切除术后患者预后影响

胰管栓塞术治疗预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的发生取得满意效果。追踪随访27例胰管栓塞,胰十二指肠切除术后患者生存状况时发现;胰管栓塞术有效解决了胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的问题,而且降低了患者晚期疼痛及黄疸的出现率,同时又发现肿瘤复发时间延后。三年内癌肿复发率低于传统手术方式。     

胰十二指肠切除术中胰管结扎预防胰瘘的临床研究

目的 :研究胰十二指肠切除术后胰管暂时性结扎对胰瘘的预防作用。方法 :对山东省肿瘤医院1989年 5月 - 2 0 0 2年 10月因壶腹周围肿瘤行胰十二指肠切除术的 2 30例患者 ,比较胰管结扎组 (A组 )和胰管不结扎组 (B组 )胰瘘的发生情况。结果 :胰管A组 16 0例患者发生胰瘘 4例 ,发生率为 2 5 % ;B组7例出现胰瘘 ,发生率为 10 % ,两组差异有显著意义 ,P <0 0 5。结论 :行胰十二指肠切除术时胰管暂时性结扎手术操作简单 ,预防胰瘘效果可靠 ,是胰十二指肠切除术胰管较可靠的处理方式     

恶性肿瘤病人胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘及胆瘘的防治

目的 总结恶性肿瘤病人胰十二指肠切除术（PD）主要并发症胰瘘、胆瘘的初步处理经验和体会，并探讨其防治措施。方法 对1998年1月至2003年1月间的20例PD术后并发胰瘘、胆瘘病例进行回顾性分析。结果 全组病例手术均获得成功。术后并发胰瘘2例，死亡1例；并发胆瘘2例，死亡1例；另1例死于肝肾综合症，余17例治愈出院。远期效果在进一步随访中。结论 术后并发胰瘘应以内科治疗为主，通过减少胰液的分泌，并且保持局部引流的通畅，多数胰瘘可治愈。术后并发胆漏，通过保持支架管及局部引流通畅，多可治愈，出现肝汁性腹膜炎时应考虑手术处理。     

胰管空肠黏膜吻合对胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘发生率的影响

目的 探讨胰管空肠黏膜对黏膜吻合术对胰十二指肠切除术后胰肠吻合口瘘发生率的影响.方法 回顾性分析我院120例胰十二指肠切除术患者的临床资料,胰肠吻合分别采用套入式胰肠吻合和胰管空肠黏膜对黏膜吻合两种术式,其中套入式胰肠吻合组66例,胰管空肠黏膜对黏膜吻合54例,分别观察两组术后胰瘘发生的情况及临床效果.结果 两组患者在...     

胰十二指肠切除术胰管空肠吻合预防胰瘘

胰十二指肠切除术胰管空肠吻合预防胰瘘黄建富主任医师沈娟，黄长玉，殷风峙福建医学院附属协和医院肝胆外科（３５０００１）胰十二指肠切除术（Ｗｈｉｐｐｌｅ＇ｓ术）是迄今外科治疗胰头癌、总胆管下段癌、壶腹癌、十二指肠癌公认而有效的手术方法。其手术死亡率高达１...     

胰十二指肠切除术后胰液外引流方式56例临床分析

近年来随着外科手术技术的提高，胰十二指肠切除术后的死亡率明显下降犤１，２犦，但胰腺空肠吻合口瘘仍为胰十二指肠切除术后可能死亡的主要原因。我院自１９９６年１月至１９９９年１２月共进行７２例胰十二指肠切除术，其中５６例行胰管置管胰液外引流，以预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的发生，报告如下。１材料与方法１．１一般资料本组５６例，男４７例，女９例；年龄３７～７５岁，平均６０．５岁。胰头癌１３例，壶腹癌２６例，胆管癌１７例。病理诊断：乳头状腺癌２９例，粘液腺癌１９例，低分化癌５例，鳞癌２例，混合癌１例。２６例…     

胰胃吻合在胰十二指肠切除术中的临床作用

目的：探讨采用胰胃吻合的方式行胰十二指肠切除术中胰瘘的发生率。方法：回顾性总结了采用胰胃吻合方式重建消化道的58例因胰腺疾病而行胰十二指肠切除术的病例。结果：58例病人中发生胰瘘1例，发生率1．7％。术后测胃液中的淀粉酶最低值为860U／L，大便常规未见脂肪滴及未经消化的动物肌纤维，血糖在4．5－6．7mmol/L，说明胰腺内外分泌功能正常。术后5－7天，如测腹腔引流液中淀粉酶含量超过1500U／L时，有助于早期诊断胰腺瘘的发生。结论：胰胃吻合简单易行，能明显降低胰十二指肠切除术后胰瘘的发生率。     

Internal compared with external drainage of pancreatic duct during pancreaticoduodenectomy： a retrospective study

Objective： To compare internal with external drainage of the pancreatic duct during pancreaticoduodenectomy with regard to the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula （POPF） and other complications. Methods： We retrospectively analyzed 316 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy with a placed drainage tube （external, n=128; internal, n=188） in the pancreatic duct from 1 January 1999 to 31 December 2011 in Tianjin Third Central Hospital of China. The incidence of POPF and some other complications were compared. Results： There was no difference in the incidence rates of POPF between those given an internal or external drainage tube （P=0.788）, but POPF was more severe in the former （P=0.014）. Intraperitoneal bleeding rate was also higher in the patients with internal drainage （P=0.040）, but operative time and postoperative hospitalization were longer in those with external drainage （P=0.002 and P=0.007, respectively）. There was no difference between the groups with regard to the incidence rates of gastrointestinal bleeding, delayed gastric emptying, pulmonary infection, or incision infection and in-hospital mortality. Conclusions： External drainage of the pancreatic duct during pancreaticoduodenectomy can decrease the severity of POPF, but operative time and postoperative hospitalization will be extended.     

A case of refractory pancreatic fistula following pancreaticoduodenectomy treated successfully by intestinal decompression catheter insertion to jejunum under local anesthesia

The case was an 80-year-old woman with inferior bile duct cancer. The patient had undergone subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy with end-to-side pancreaticojejunostomy. Postoperative pancreatic fistula was observed in a short period and was treated by somatostatin analog administration and abscess drainage. Despite these conservative therapies, pancreatic fistula resulted in abdominal bleeding from the branch of dorsal pancreatic artery, which stopped by emergent transcatheter arterial embolization. Because pancreatic fistula had become refractory, the intestinal decompression catheter insertion was performed under local anesthesia to the jejunum located directly below abdominal wall. After this surgery, pancreatic fistula was resolved over a few weeks. This technique could be safely performed and avoided the injury of drainage fistula, and was considered to be an option for treating refractory pancreatic fistula.     

改良胰腺空肠套入式吻合在胰十二指肠切除术中的应用

目的:比较在胰十二指肠切除术(PD)中,改良胰腺空肠套入式吻合与胰管空肠黏膜吻合两种胰肠吻合方式术后胰瘘等相关并发症的发生率.方法:回顾性分析2014年1月至2016年12月盛京医院胰腺内分泌外科实施的59例PD手术患者的临床资料,其中采用改良胰腺空肠套入式吻合35例,采用胰管空肠黏膜吻合24例,比较两组术后胰瘘等相关并发症的发生率.结果:比较改良胰腺空肠套入式吻合与胰管空肠黏膜吻合两种胰肠吻合方式,发现手术时间和术中出血比较无统计学差异;术后胰瘘等相关并发症指标、住院时间、死亡率等无统计学差异.结论:改良胰腺空肠套入式吻合与胰管空肠黏膜吻合相比,同样安全可靠,具有操作方便,易于掌握,胰肠吻合严密牢固的优点,尤其适用于胰管直径小的病人,值得临床应用.     

Robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy with biodegradable ductal stenting (Archimedes BPS®)

BackgroundPostoperative Pancreatic Fistula (POPF) development remains a challenge after pancreaticoduodenectomy, occurring in 3–45% of cases [1]. The placement of a trans-anastomotic Wirsung stent is usually done in high-risk patients to decrease incidence and severity of POPF.MethodsHerein, we present a fully robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy with a biodegradable ductal stent interposition in a 47 y.o. female with a main duct IPMN of the pancreatic head and a fistula risk score of 6 (Moderate-risk).VideoAfter gastrocolic ligament division and hepatic flexure and duodenum mobilization, the loco-regional lymphadenectomy was performed. Following gastric transection with endo-GIA, the bile duct and gastroduodenal artery have been divided, and the cholecystectomy performed. The neck of the pancreas has been transected, the jejunum divided with endo-GIA and mobilized from the Treitz ligament, and the uncinate process dissected from the mesenteric vessels. A Blumgart anastomosis has been performed between the soft-texture pancreatic stump and the jejunal loop with the interposition of a 6 Fr/60 mm long, medium degrading stent (20 days) in the 2 mm duct (Archimedes BPS®, AMG Int., Winsen-Germany). The hepatico-jejunostomy and gastro-jejunostomy have been performed distally on the same loop. Three abdominal drains have been positioned.ResultsSurgery lasted 480 min, with 175 mls blood loss. The patient postoperatively developed a biochemical leak and was discharged home by day 12. She was readmitted a month later for an amylase-negative intra-abdominal abscess that was successfully treated with percutaneous drainage.ConclusionBiodegradable pancreatic stent positioning could be an effective strategy in reducing POPF occurrence in high-risk patients.     

A resected case of non-invasive type of intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma penetrating to the duodenum

A 74-year-old man was admitted to a nearby clinic complaining of high fever. Abdominal CT showed a 10 mm diameter cystic mass in the head of pancreas and dilation of the pancreatic duct. Endoscopy revealed a fistula filled with mucin in the posterior wall of the duodenum. The patient was referred to our institution for a surgical resection. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed dilation of the pancreatic duct and also mural nodules in the pancreatic duct, ERP demonstrated a fistula from the pancreatic duct to the duodenum. Biopsied specimen from the papillary nodule in the pancreatic duct showed adenoma. We performed pancreaticoduodenectomy for main-duct IPMN penetrating to the duodenum. Pathological findings showed a non-invasive type of IPMC. Furthermore, a cancer invasion to the duodenum was not detected. These findings suggest that the increased pressure within the pancreatic duct caused a fistula to the duodenum.     

胰十二指肠切除经肠系膜上血管蒂后间隙胰肠直接套入式吻合的临床研究

目的:探讨预防胰十二指肠切除术后胰肠吻合口漏的有效安全术式。方法:2003年1月～2006年6月共施行经肠系膜上血管蒂后间隙胰肠直接套入式吻合的胰十二指肠切除术43例,并与同期的56例传统的胰十二指肠切除术(Child)进行对比。结果:改良手术组43例患者,未发生胰肠吻合口漏,发生胆肠吻合口漏2例,经2～3周的充分引流治愈。腹腔感染2例,经抗感染及充分引流后治愈。胃应激性溃疡4例,经加大抑酸剂用量及应用凝血药物后治愈。传统手术组56例,发生不同程度的胰肠吻合口漏3例,腹腔引流液淀粉酶>9000IU/L,其中2例经应用生长抑素十四肽、静脉高营养及禁饮食,通畅的腹腔引流21～32d后治愈。1例82岁高龄患者死亡。其他术后并发症与改良手术组比较差异无统计学意义,P>0.05。结论:经肠系膜上血管蒂后间隙胰肠直接套入式吻合的胰十二指肠切除术对预防胰肠吻合口漏的发生有一定的意义,是治疗壶腹周围癌的安全有效术式,值得进一步应用研究。     

Prophylactic octreotide and delayed gastric emptying after pancreaticoduodenectomy: Results of a prospective randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial

Aims

To evaluate the impact of prophylactic octreotide on gastric emptying in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) and delayed gastric emptying (DGE) are common complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Whereas several prospective randomized trials propose the prophylactic use of octreotide to prevent pancreatic fistula formation, somatostatin has, however, been associated with delayed gastric emptying after partial duodenopancreatectomy.

Methods

In this prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial we analyzed the influence of prophylactic octreotide on delayed gastric empting after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Patients were randomized to the placebo group (n = 32) and the octreotide group (n = 35). Primary endpoint was the incidence of delayed gastric emptying, secondary endpoints included perioperative morbidity other than DGE. DGE was measured by clinical signs, gastric scintigraphy and the hydrogen breath test. Risk factors for DGE other than octreotide were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results

DGE measured by clinical signs was similar between both groups studied (∼20% of the patients). Gastric scintigraphy (T_1/2) was 76.3 ± 15.2 min in the octreotide group and 86.7 ± 18.0 min in controls at day 7, respectively. The H₂ breath test was 65.0 ± 6.5 min in octreotide treatment group and 67.0 ± 5.7 min in controls at day 8. POPF grade C occurred in ∼3% of the patients, although prophylactic treatment of octreotide did not reduce the incidence of POPF. Multivariate analysis showed that postoperative intraabdominal bleeding and infection were independent risk factors for DGE. Furthermore preoperative biliary stenting reduced postoperative DGE after partial duodenopancreatectomy.

Conclusion

Prophylactic octreotide has no influence on gastric emptying and does not decrease the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy.