The association between changes in household firearm ownership and rates of suicide in the United States, 1981–2002

OBJECTIVE: To explore whether recent declines in household firearm prevalence in the United States were associated with changes in rates of suicide for men, women, and children. METHODS: This time series study compares changes in suicide rates to changes in household firearm prevalence, 1981-2002. Multivariate analyses adjust for age, unemployment, per capita alcohol consumption, and poverty. Regional fixed effects controlled for cross sectional, time invariant differences among the four census regions. Standard errors of parameter estimates are adjusted to account for serial autocorrelation of observations over time. RESULTS: Over the 22 year study period household firearm ownership rates declined across all four regions. In multivariate analyses, each 10% decline in household firearm ownership was associated with significant declines in rates of firearm suicide, 4.2% (95% CI 2.3% to 6.1%) and overall suicide, 2.5% (95% CI 1.4% to 3.6%). Changes in non-firearm suicide were not associated with changes in firearm ownership. The magnitude of the association between changes in household firearm ownership and changes in rates of firearm and overall suicide was greatest for children: for each 10% decline in the percentage of households with firearms and children, the rate of firearm suicide among children 0-19 years of age dropped 8.3% (95% CI 6.1% to 10.5%) and the rate of overall suicide dropped 4.1% (2.3% to 5.9%). CONCLUSION: Changes in household firearm ownership over time are associated with significant changes in rates of suicide for men, women, and children. These findings suggest that reducing availability to firearms in the home may save lives, especially among youth.     

青少年抑郁情绪及自杀意念与父母教养方式之间的关联研究

目的 研究青少年抑郁情绪及自杀意念与父母教养方式之间的关系.方法 采用整群抽样法,于2014～2018年抽取河南省新乡市6195名初高中生进行调查研究.调查工具包括一般社会资料问卷、父母教养方式问卷及Kutcher青少年抑郁量表(11项).采用多因素logistic回归分析评估青少年抑郁情绪及自杀意念与父母教养方式之间...     

Prevalence of psychiatric disorders, depression, and suicidal behavior in child and adolescent with thalassemia major

PURPOSE: To study the rate of psychiatric disorder and suicidal behavior in children with thalassemia major. METHOD: One hundred ten subjects with thalassemia major were interviewed according to the K-SADS Farsi version by face-to-face interview. RESULT: The most common psychiatric disorders were major depressive disorder and separation anxiety disorder. The rate of oppositional defiant disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and bipolar mood disorder were 3.6%, 1.8%, and 0.9%, respectively. About 49% suffered from depressed mood and 62.7% suffered from irritability and anger. More than 43% of them had recurrent thought of death and 27.3% considered suicide in the last year. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of psychiatric disorders was very low than that in the prior studies and the most common was major depressive disorder. However, the rate of psychiatric symptoms was very common. The rate of suicidal behavior was not more than that in the general population.