人血浆中尼美舒利的高效液相色谱法测定及其药代动力学研究

以对羟基联苯为内标设计了血浆中尼美舒利的高效液相色谱测定法。色谱柱为Ｈｙｐｅｒｓｉｌ ＯＤＳ２ ２０ｃｍ×４．６ｍｍ ＩＤ５μｍ，流动相为甲醇－水－冰醋酸（６０：４０：１），流速１ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ，检测波长为２３０ｎｍ。血样经盐酸溶液酸化反以乙醚提取，回收率为８１．５３％￣８９．１７％，血浆中尼美舒利的最低检出浓度为０．０２μｇ／ｍｌ，线性范围为０．１￣２０μｇ／ｍｌ。１０名志愿者随机交叉ｐｏ单剂量２     

HPLC法同时测定人血浆中四种氟喹诺酮药物的血药浓度

研究了用ＨＰＬＣ同时测定人血浆中氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、洛美沙星和环丙沙星血药浓度的方法。采用ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ（１８）色谱柱（２５０ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍ，５μｍ），以甲醇－０．００８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸盐缓冲液－０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ四丁基溴化铵（１６：７５：１．４，ｐＨ２．６）为流动相，检测波长２８０ｎｍ，血浆样品用乙腈沉淀蛋白后进样，简便快速，回收率稳定，对氧氟沙星，诺氟沙星，洛美沙星，环丙沙星四种氟喹诺酮药物检测的线性范围分别为：０．１０～５．００μｇ／ｍｌ；０．１１～５．４０μｇ／ｍｌ；０．１３～５．００μｇ／ｍｌ；０．１０～１０．００μｇ／ｍｌ。其方法检测限为：２０ｎｇ／ｍｌ；２０ｎｇ／ｍｌ；２５ｎｇ／ｍｌ及４０ｎｇ／ｍｌ，回收率均高于８６％。应用本法观察了健康人口服氧氟沙星和环丙沙星后的血药浓度变化。     

RP－HPLC法测定血浆中替诺昔康的浓度

血浆样品用二氯甲烷提取，采用ＯＤＳ柱，以甲醇－磷酸盐缓冲液－三乙胺（３０：６９．８：０．２）为流动相，炎痛喜康为内标，２５４ｎｍ为检测波长，ＲＰ－ＨＰＬＣ法测定兔口服替诺昔康片后的体内血药浓度。线性范围０．１～３０μｇ／ｍｌ，最低检测用０．１μｇ／ｍｌ（Ｓ／Ｎ＞２）．萃取回收率８５．７１％，方法回收率９９．７０％～１１０．７％。     

高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中异烟肼和吡嗪酰胺的含量

建立了同时测定人血浆中异烟肼和吡嗪酰胺的反相高效液相色谱法。色谱柱Ｌｉｃｈｒｏｓｐｈｅｒ １００ＲＰ－Ｃ８（５μｍ）流动相为乙腈（Ａ）：０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸二氢钾（Ｂ）（每５００ｍｌ中加入三乙胺约２００μｍｌ调ｐＨ５．６）,检测波长２７０ｎｍ。线性范围分别为０．１￣１０μｇ／ｍｌ和１￣４０μｇ／ｍｌ,方法回收率分别为大于９０％和８２％,日内,日间差皆小于１０％。     

中成药中有机氯农药残留量的GC法测定

研究中药制剂中有机氯农药残留量的气相色谱测定方法。采用环己烷提取，去除杂质色素后，经ＯＶ－１７：ＯＶ－２１０柱分离进入电子捕获检测器检测。本法灵敏度高，当六六六浓度在０．０１～０．２０μｇ／ｍｌ，ＤＤＴ浓度０．１～２．０μｇ／ｍｌ内，线性相关，ｒ＝０．９９９７，精密度ＣＶ％＜３．０％，（ｎ＝６）。方法最低检测限可达ｎｇ／ｍｌ（ＰＰｂ级），平均回收率达９５％以上，环己烷溶剂一次提取效率达９０％以上。本法灵敏、快速，检出率高，回收率高。     

环丙沙星血药浓度的高效液相色谱法测定及人体药代动力学

本文建立了一种反相高效液相色谱（ＨＰＬＣ）测定环丙沙星血药浓度的方法。固定相为５μｍＵｌｆｒａｓｐｈｅｒｅ－ＯＤＳ，流动相为柠檬酸，醋酸钠与０．１％的三乙胺组成的缓冲液，乙腈，流速１ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ，室温ＵＶ检测波长２７８ｎｍ。线性范围０．１２５－１６．０μｇ／ｍｌ，ｒ＝０．９９９７，最低检测限０．０２５μｇ／ｍｌ。５例感洒病人的ＣＰＦ药时曲线用非房室模型拟合动力学参数结果：ＡＵＣ＝１１．１±２．８ｍ     

高效液相色谱法测定扑炎痛在人血浆中活性代谢物及生物利用度研究

采用高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中扑炎痛活性代谢物水杨酸及扑热息痛含量，以比较两种不同制剂的生物利用度。血浆中药物分别用乙醚和乙酸乙酯两步提取；ＹＷＧＣ（１８）为固定相，甲醇－ｐＨ２．１磷酸盐缓冲液（６０：５０）为流动相，测定波长为２３８ｎｍ；水杨酸和扑热息痛的检测范围分别为１．０～２００．μｇ／ｍｌ，１．０～２５．μｇ／ｍｌ，平均回收率分别为９７．５７±６．１５％，９７．４３±４．３９％。用本法测定了８名健康志愿者分别服用市售扑炎痛片剂Ａ（５００ｍｇ／片）及自制片剂以４００ｍｇ／片）后的血药浓度，结果表明Ａ、Ｂ的水杨酸血药峰浓度分别为１１３．０５，１３１．７８μｇ／ｍｌ；达峰时间分别为２．５，２．Ｏｈ；Ｂ对Ａ的相对生物利用度为１２５．５９％。     

HPLC法测定撒痛风注射液中三组分的含量

采用ＨＰＬＣ法测定撒痛风注射液中咖啡因、安替比林和水杨酸钠的含量。色谱条件为：ＫｒｏｍａｓｉｌＣ１８色谱柱,流动相为２０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ磷酸二氢钾－甲醇－冰醋酸（５５２５０．４）,流速１ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ,检测波长为２４２ｎｍ,线性范围：咖啡因１４．０～１４０．０μｇ／ｍｌ,ｒ＝０．９９９８;安替比林２７．０～２７０．０μｇ／ｍｌ,ｒ＝０．９９９８;水杨酸钠０．１～１．０ｍｇ／ｍｌ,ｒ＝０．９９９９。加样回收分别为：咖啡因１００．８％;安替比林１００．６％;水杨酸钠９９．１％,ＲＳＤ均小于０．５％。     

RP－HPLC法测定氢氯噻嗪片中氢氯噻嗪及其有关物质的含量

建立了氢氯噻嗪片中氢氯噻嗪及其有关物质含量的反相高效液相色谱测定法。色谱条件：色谱柱：ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ１６（４ＩＤ×１５０ｍｍ，５μｍ）；流动相：水－乙腈（８８∶１２）；流速：０．８ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ；柱温：室温；ＡＵＦＳ：０．３２；检测波长：２７３ｎｍ。在本实验条件下，氢氯噻嗪与４－氨基－６－氯－１，３－苯二磺酰胺分离效果良好。氢氯噻嗪在５～３５μｇ浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系，其最小检出限约为０．２μｇ／ｍｌ；４－氨基－６－氯－１，３－苯二磺酰胺在２～３０μｇ／ｍｌ浓度范围内具有良好的线性关系，其最小检出限约为０．１μｇ／ｍｌ。     

阿奇霉素分散片人体生物利用度及生物等效性对比研究

以藤黄八迭球菌为指示菌,采用微生物法测定 １０ 名志愿者阿奇霉素分散片（实验制剂）和胶囊（参比制剂）经时血药浓度。最低检测限度 ０００５μｇ／ｍ ｌ,线性范围 ００１～０４μｇ／ｍ ｌ。实验采用双交叉单剂口服给药设计,数据经 ３ Ｐ９７ 药代动力学程序处理,阿奇霉素实验制剂和参比制剂主要药物动力学参数 ｋａ为０７２１９±０．０７５５ｈ－ １ 和 ０．７５５２±０．０５９３ｈ－ １,ｔ１／２（α）为 ２．３１８８±０．２４３８ｈ 和 ２．３５１８±０．３８１１ｈ,ｔ１／２ （β）为４１．５８１０ ±２． ２２８５ｈ 和 ４４．１２８３±９．８６４３ｈ, Ｃｍ ａｘ 为 ０．２４５８ ±０．００５８μｇ／ｍ ｌ 和 ０．２３８３±０．００６１μｇ／ｍ ｌ, Ａ Ｕ Ｃ０～１２０为 ０．４１７０±０．０８７４μｇ／（ｍ ｌ·ｈ ）和 ０．３８７７±０．０９６２μｇ／（ｍ ｌ·ｈ ）,实验制剂相对生物利用度为１０７．０５６６％ 。经双单侧ｔ检验和（１２α）置信区间法分析,两种制剂主要药代动力学参数剂型间、阶段间和个体间差异均无显著性（ Ｐ＞ ０．０５）,证实二者具有生物等效性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.