长沙市男男性行为者HIV和梅毒感染现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解长沙地区男男性行为者(MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)和梅毒感染状况及其影响因素.方法 2018年10月至2019年6月期间,委托非政府组织(NGOs)应用滚雪球的方法招募MSM,开展问卷调查和HIV及梅毒检测.采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析HIV和梅毒感染的影响因素.结果 共招募1 220名MSM,其中...     

重庆市男男性行为者商业性性活动及影响因素分析

目的 了解重庆市男男性行为者(MSM)发生商业性性活动的基本情况及影响因素.方法 于2019-2020年应用方便抽样的方法在重庆市招募1 151名MSM,采用自填式问卷方法收集社会人口学特征、性行为特征、毒品使用史等;采集调查对象静脉血5 mL进行抗艾滋病病毒(HIV)检测和梅毒螺旋体抗体检测.采用二分类多因素Logi...     

北京市MSM人群HIV感染者合并HCV与梅毒感染的状况及相应免疫指标与病毒载量的变化

目的了解北京市男男性接触者(MSM)的艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染及宿主的免疫状态。方法2005年7~12月对招募的MSM进行HIV感染检测,采集阳性感染者的外周血,对分离毒株进行鉴定,并对阳性感染者的免疫状态包括CD4 、CD8 T细胞的数量,以及感染者体内病毒载量进行了分析。结果在招募的526名MSM中,HIV感染的主要流行亚型为欧美B亚型,1例为CRF01-AE重组亚型,后者主要为异性间HIV感染的流行亚型。HIV感染者中合并HCV或者梅毒的感染率分别为17.65%与35.29%,合并感染者的CD4 、CD8 T淋巴细胞数量明显降低,病毒载量明显升高。结论MSM人群中HIV感染者合并STD感染,明显降低宿主免疫系统控制病毒复制的能力,同时存在着MSM人群与其他高危人之间通过性途径相互传播HIV的趋势。     

山东省男男性行为人群艾滋病梅毒感染率及其影响因素

目的了解山东省男男同性性行为人群(MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)、梅毒感染状况及其影响因素,为进一步做好MSM艾滋病防治工作提供依据。方法 2010年4-7月,按照多阶段整群随机抽样方法选取MSM人群,由经过统一培训的调查员对MSM进行面对面问卷调查,抽取静脉血检测艾滋病、梅毒抗体,对影响HIV、梅毒感染的因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果共调查3 200名MSM,收集有效问卷3 086份,有效问卷率96.44%,采集血液标本3 073份。调查对象最小15岁,最大74岁,平均年龄为(26.36±6.38)岁。最近六个月与同性发生过肛交性行为者占72.68%(2 243/3 086),其中每次都使用安全套者占32.59%(731/2 243);最近六个月与同性发生商业性行为者占11.83%(365/3 086),最近六个月与异性发生性行为者占22.72%(701/3 086)。HIV抗体阳性检出率1.01%(31/3 073),梅毒抗体阳性检出率4.69%(144/3 073)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄较大、最近六个月发生同性肛交性行为、最近一年患过性病、没有接受安全套宣传发放服务,是HIV/梅毒感染的危险因素。结论山东省MSM人群HIV感染率较低,但梅毒感染率较高,提示MSM人群存在HIV广泛传播的可能性,需要在MSM人群中进一步加强艾滋病宣传和行为干预。     

深圳市男男性行为人群HIV／梅毒发病密度研究

目的了解深圳市男男性行为人群（MSM）的艾滋病病毒（HIV）/梅毒发病密度,探索防治性病对预防控制艾滋病的作用。方法知情同意原则下,招募符合纳入标准的MSM;建立并保持队列,收集社会人口学、性行为和安全套使用等资料;抽血检测HIV/梅毒,随访观察HIV/梅毒转归结局。结果 609例入选队列,HIV阴转阳19例,观察总人年数249.7人年,发病密度7.6[95%可信区间（CI）：4.6～11.9]/100人年;梅毒酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）阴转阳18例,观察总人年数134.9人年,发病密度13.3（95%CI：7.9～21.1）/100人年;梅毒ELISA阳性队列HIV发病密度是梅毒ELISA阴性队列HIV发病密度的2.2倍。结论梅毒对HIV传播具有协同作用,有必要在该人群中实施有效的性病预防措施以控制HIV传播     

204例MSM人群HIV／梅毒感染状况及行为学特征分析

目的了解天津市部分男男同性性行为人群（MSM）艾滋病相关危险行为,以及艾滋病病毒（HIV）、梅毒（SP）感染状况,为预防性病、艾滋病传播提供依据。方法采用横断面调查,对进入酒吧的男同性恋者进行问卷调查,同时抽取血样进行梅毒和HIV的实验室检测。结果调查的204人中,HIV感染率为5．9％,梅毒感染率为18．7％。艾滋病知识知晓率为81．4％,近6个月每次性行为均使用安全套的比例为47．9％,HIv感染者安全套使用率低,仅为11．1％,71．4％的HIV感染者最近6个月存在多性伴现象。结论天津市MSM人群危险性行为普遍存在,安全套使用率低,HIV、梅毒感染率较高,应加强对该人群艾滋病性病相关的宣传教育及干预工作,控制HIv的传播。     

1432例MSM的行为特征及HIV感染的影响因素分析

目的了解河南省南阳市男男性行为人群（MSM）的行为特点、艾滋病病毒（HIV）的感染情况及感染的影响因素。方法通过网络及同伴推动等方式招募MSM,开展问卷调查并采集血样,用SPSS 15.0进行统计分析。结果 1432名MSM中,未婚占36.73%（526人）,已婚占54.68%（783人）。寻找性伴选择网络联系的比例为46.93%（672人）。近6个月,与男性发生过肛交性行为的占79.61%（1140人）,男性性伴中位数为2个,≥2个者占62.99%（902人）。共采血1339人,检测发现HIV抗体阳性119例,阳性率8.89%;梅毒抗体阳性62例,阳性率4.63%;丙型肝炎病毒抗体阳性22例,阳性率1.64%。其中13人同时感染了HIV和梅毒。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,近6个月男性性伴总数≥6个、有性病相关症状和感染梅毒,是HIV感染的危险因素。结论南阳市MSM已成为艾滋病由高危人群向一般人群传播的桥梁人群。HIV在MSM中正迅速蔓延,HIV流行形势十分严峻,探讨有效的干预模式和推广干预措施已迫在眉睫。     

Exploring HIV-related stigma among HIV-infected men who have sex with men in Beijing,China: a correlation study

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related stigma among HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) has been associated with adverse health outcomes, including poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy and care, and increased participation in behaviors linked to higher rates of HIV transmission. In China, the incidence of HIV is growing more rapidly among MSM than among other subgroups. This study characterizes and quantifies HIV stigma among HIV-infected MSM in Beijing, China, which arguably may be driving this epidemic. A cross-sectional survey study was performed among 266 HIV-positive MSM in Beijing, China, in 2014. The Berger HIV Stigma Scale was used to measure levels of HIV-related stigma. Participants additionally answered questions regarding socio-demographic characteristics and HIV-associated risk factors; previously validated Mandarin-language scales assessed depression, coping style, and social support networks. Multivariable linear regression models were used to identify variables significantly associated with HIV stigma. The mean overall HIV stigma score among the study population was 112.78?±?18.11 (score range: 40–160). Higher HIV stigma scores were positively associated with depression (β?=?7.99, 95% CI:3.69, 12.29, p?β?=?0.64, 95% CI:0.21,1.08, p?β?=??6.45, 95%CI:?11.80, ?1.11, p?β?=??0.12, 95%CI:?0.22, ?0.02, p?相似文献   

Depression and anxiety among HIV-positive men who have sex with men and men who have sex with women in China

ABSTRACT

China is experiencing an emerging HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM). Minority stress theory posits that marginalized populations experience additional stress, which influences experiences of psychological distress and health outcomes. This study aimed to understand psychological distress of MSM relative to men who have sex with women (MSW) in an urban Chinese setting. Cross-sectional survey data were collected from 162 HIV-positive Chinese men receiving HIV treatment at Beijing’s Ditan Hospital. Multiple linear regression with imputation was used to identify correlates of psychological distress. Relative to MSW, MSM were younger, more educated, and less likely to be in a relationship or have children. While both groups reported clinically elevated levels of depression and anxiety, sexual behavior was not associated with either outcome. Higher endorsement of depression symptomology was associated with worse reported physical health (β?=??1.37, p?<?.05) and greater endorsement of maladaptive coping (β?=?2.39, p?<?.05), whereas higher endorsement of anxiety symptomology was associated with greater endorsement of adaptive coping (β?=?0.78, p?<?.05), diminished physical health (β?=??0.86, p?<?.05), and a high school or greater level of education (β?=?4.13, p?<?.05). These findings suggest that interventions targeting coping strategies may address psychological distress among HIV-positive Chinese men.     

沈阳市男男性行为人群HIV感染率及其影响因素分析

目的了解沈阳市男男性行为人群（MSM）艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染率及其影响因素,进一步做好MSM的艾滋病防治工作。方法采用同伴推动法（RDS）招募900名MSM,由经过专业培训的调查员进行面对面的问卷调查,主要内容包括社会人口学特征、艾滋病知识知晓水平、性行为状况、接受干预服务情况和HIV/梅毒感染状况,并抽取静脉血检测HIV及梅毒,对影响HIV感染的相关因素进行χ2检验。结果调查了900名MSM,艾滋病知识知晓率达到91.3%。86.9%的调查对象最近6个月有同性肛交性行为,最近6个月与男性发生肛交性行为时每次都使用安全套的比例为57.5%。HIV感染率为9.3%,梅毒感染率为11.0%。分析显示,年龄较大、文化程度在初中及以下、最近6个月与男性发生肛交性行为时未坚持使用安全套、梅毒感染是感染HIV的危险因素。结论 MSM人群高危性行为发生率、HIV和梅毒感染率均高,可能成为当前HIV流行的重要人群和重要因素,应采取积极有效的宣传教育和行为干预活动。     

东莞市MSM高危行为特征及HIV感染状况

目的了解东莞市男男性行为人群（MSM）的高危行为特征,艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染情况及影响因素,为在该人群中开展防控措施提供依据。方法利用2010—2012年东莞市MSM哨点监测数据,对MSM的人口学特征、行为学特征、性病症状、接受干预服务、HIV和梅毒感染水平等进行分析。结果共调查MSM984人,平均年龄为（30．36±6．71）岁;最近6个月发生过同性、异性性行为的比例分别为73．37％和37．5％,与同性、异性发生性行为时坚持使用安全套的比例分别为48．89％和29．27％。近1年有性病相关症状的MSM的比例为6．81％,接受过于预服务的比例为59．04％。HIV和梅毒抗体阳性率分别为14．23％和15．35％,其中2010—2012年HIV阳性率分别为10．5％、11．33％和22．91％。多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明：艾滋病知识知晓和接受过干预服务与最近6个月同性性行为时坚持使用安全套的关系有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;梅毒抗体阳性、近1年有性病相关症状、年龄在≥40岁、样本来源等因素,与HIV感染的关系有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论东莞市MSM的HIV感染率高,且上升趋势明显,迫切需要加强行为干预,防止艾滋病向一般人群蔓延。     

深圳市男男性行为人群不安全性行为状况及其影响因素

目的了解深圳市男男性行为人群(MSM)不安全性行为状况及其影响因素,为开展有针对性的干预工作提供建议。方法通过滚雪球的方式招募MSM,在知情同意保密原则下,对近半年有过男男性行为的450名MSM进行匿名自填问卷调查,并通过CAPI指纹系统对被调查者进行查重。结果此次被调查的MSM艾滋病知识知晓率较高,除"蚊虫叮咬会不会传播艾滋病病毒"这一项知晓率只有63.78%,其他几项知晓率均高于80.00%。近半年与男性发生性行为的平均性伴数为(5.02±1.23)个,18.67%的人有过异性性行为。经多因素Logistic回归分析发现,文化程度低(OR=0.740,P=0.0194)、第一个性伴为男性(OR=1.706,P=0.0097)为不安全性行为的危险因素。结论深圳市MSM人群呈现明显的知识和行为分离,应探索更有效的干预方法,减少其性伴数和提高安全套使用率。     

HIV testing practices among men who have sex with men in Buenos Aires,Argentina

The objective of the study was to explore HIV-testing practices among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in light of current international health guidelines that recommend frequent HIV testing for MSM who engage in high-risk behavior. Participants, who were recruited using respondent-driven sampling (RDS), were 500 mostly young, nongay-identified MSM of low socioeconomic status, high levels of unemployment, living mainly in the less-affluent areas surrounding Buenos Aires, and lacking health insurance. They provided blood samples for HIV testing and responded to a Computer Assisted Self Interview. Fifty-two percent had never been tested for HIV, and 20% had been tested only once; 17% were found to be HIV infected, of whom almost half were unaware of their status. Main reasons for never having tested previously were: not feeling at risk, fear of finding out results, and not knowing where to get tested. Among those previously tested, men had been tested a median of 2 times with their most recent test having occurred a median of 2.7 years prior to study enrollment. Of those who had not tested positive before entering the study, only 41% returned for their results. HIV testing was infrequent and insufficient for early detection of infection, entry into treatment, and protection of sexual partners. This was particularly the case among nongay-identified MSM. Testing campaigns should aim to help MSM become aware of their risk behavior, decrease fear of testing by explaining available treatment resources and decreasing the stigma associated with HIV, and by publicizing information about free and confidential testing locations. Rapid HIV testing should be made available to eliminate the need for a return visit and make results immediately available to individuals who are tested.     

Correlates of frequency of HIV testing among men who have sex with men in Washington,DC

In Washington, DC, the leading mode of HIV transmission is through men who have sex with men (MSM) behavior. This study explored differences between frequent HIV testers (men testing at least twice a year) and annual or less frequent testers (men testing once a year or less) in DC. Nearly, one-third of MSM reported testing for HIV at least four times in the prior two years. In the multivariable model, frequent testers had significantly higher odds of being aged 18–34 (aOR =1.94), knowing their last partner's HIV status (aOR=1.86), having 5+ partners in the last year (aOR=1.52), and having seen a health-care provider in the last year (aOR=2.28). Conversely, frequent testers had significantly lower odds of being newly HIV positive (aOR=0.27), and having a main partner at last sex (vs. casual/exchange partner; aOR=0.59). Medical providers need to be encouraged to consistently offer an HIV test to their patients, especially those who are sexually active and who have not tested recently.     

Seeking sex partners through the internet and mobile phone applications among men who have sex with men in Taiwan

It has become popular for men who have sex with men (MSM) to use mobile-phone geosocial networking applications (mobile apps) to find sex partners. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Taiwan to compare the sexual and substance-use behaviors of MSM seeking sex partners through the internet and mobile apps. Of the 1060 participants, 65.8% used the internet via computer and 37.7% used a mobile app to find sexual partners, while 30.3% used recreational drugs or alcohol in the previous 6 months. MSM who exclusively used mobile apps to seek sex partners were significantly more likely than MSM seeking sex via computer to be older, to have used recreational drugs or alcohol, and to have sex with HIV-positive partners. Additionally, using mobile apps to seek sex partners was significantly associated with having sex with online partners through either mobile apps or computer-based internet use (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 7.12 [3.87–13.11]), self-reporting as HIV-positive (AOR, 2.24 [1.12–4.12]), using recreational drugs (AOR, 1.67 [1.21–2.32]), having disclosed HIV status to sexual partners (AOR, 1.44 [1.03–2.02]), and having sex with HIV-positive partners (AOR, 1.81 [1.06–3.10]). In conclusion, the mobile apps may serve as a feasible platform for HIV-positive MSM to find other HIV-positive partners.     

廊坊市部分MSM人群HIV检测咨询前后高危行为变化的分析

目的评价艾滋病病毒（HIV）检测咨询,对男男性行为人群（Men who have sex with men,MSM）艾滋病相关危险行为变化的影响。方法通过问卷调查,收集廊坊市200名MSM参加HIV检测咨询前后高危行为的变化,并进行艾滋病和主要性病的检查,比较艾滋病相关危险行为的变化。结果 200名MSM基线调查HIV抗体阳性率为7.3%,梅毒感染率为19.8%,淋球菌检出率为15.8%;三个月后的随访调查中,梅毒感染率为24.7%,淋球菌感染率为12.2%。随访调查中MSM中多性伴的比例、发生一夜情的比例、肛交以及性交中自己出血的比例,均有所下降（P〈0.05）。按照性病感染状态分层后发现,感染了性病的MSM,被告知检测结果后,发生肛交的比例由73%下降到38%（P〈0.01）,群交和性交过程中的出血情况分别由19.2%和23.1%下降到5.8%和5.8%（P〈0.05）。未感染性病的MSM,一夜情的比例从32.5%下降到17.2%（P=0.008）,口交比例由57.0%上升到78.5%（P=0.001）。感染了性病的MSM发生肛交的比例要低于健康MSM（χ2=5.189,P=0.023）。结论 HIV检测咨询对MSM艾滋病相关危险行为的改变有积极意义,建议在该人群中推广HIV检测咨询服务,促进高危行为的改变。     

某市MSM异性性行为情况及影响因素分析

目的了解某市男男性行为人群（MSM）的异性性行为情况及其影响因素。方法采用滚雪球法招募MSM,对符合条件的MSM进行问卷调查,内容包括社会人口学和高危性行为特征。结果共调查957名MSM,近6个月中,19.9%（190/957）与女性发生过性行为,35.0%（63/180）有两个及以上异性性伴,坚持每次使用安全套的比例38.7%（72/186）;16.6%（159/957）与男性及女性均发生过性行为。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,已婚或同居[比值比（OR）=9.67,95%可信区间（CI）：4.94～18.90]、月收入较高（OR=2.26,95%CI：1.48～3.43）、性取向双性或异性（OR=5.32,95%CI：3.27～8.66）、首次性交对象为女性（OR=3.21,95%CI：1.81～5.71）、首次男男性交至今的年数≥5年（OR=1.68,95%CI：0.92～3.05）、近6个月有多个男性性伴（OR=8.06,95%CI：3.59～18.14）、近6个月向同性卖性（OR=3.25,95%CI：1.65～6.42）,是MSM发生异性性行为的危险因素。已婚或同居（OR=2.05,95%CI：0.92～4.57）、近6个月与男性性交时不能坚持每次使用安全套（OR=7.54,95%CI：3.39～16.78）的MSM,与异性性交时更倾向于不使用安全套;近6个月向同性买性（OR=0.30,95%CI：0.09～1.03）的MSM,与异性性交时更倾向于使用安全套。结论某市MSM中异性性行为的比例较高,安全套使用比例较低,应从社会及家庭的角度加以防治,以控制艾滋病病毒通过该人群向女性人群扩散。     

苏州市男男性行为人群HIV/STD感染状况

目的了解苏州市男男性行为人群（MSM）艾滋病病毒/性传播疾病（HIV/STD）感染状况。方法采用滚雪球方法,开展两轮调查,对MSM进行问卷调查、体检和标本采集,了解HIV、梅毒等性传播疾病的感染情况。结果 2007年5月至2008年1月共调查237人,其中90人（38.0%）只有同性性行为,147人（62.0%）与同性和异性均有性行为。最近6个月内,230人（97.0%）有同性性行为,其中78.9%有2个及以上同性性伴,性行为以插入肛交（63.3%）和被插入肛交（58.9%）为主;最近一次肛交、口交安全套使用比例为46.1%、24.8%。两轮调查HIV/STD阳性检出率分别为：HIV：0.9%、4.2%,梅毒：11.2%、9.1%,肛管/尿道淋球菌：1.0%、0.6%,肛管/尿道沙眼衣原体：12.5%、14.6%,尖锐湿疣：2.9%、3.7%。第二轮调查中疥疮检出率为1.9%,未检出生殖器疱疹和阴虱。结论 MSM中HIV/STD感染率较高,临床医生应将HIV检测和安全套推广纳入MSM人群常规诊疗中。     

男男性行为人群艾滋病防治网络干预效果评价

目的评价利用网络平台对男男性行为人群(MSM)在艾滋病知识的认知、态度及行为学方面的干预效果。方法主要采用网络调查及网络干预的模式,对MSM人群进行艾滋病预防知识、态度、行为干预进行评价,包括两次横断面调查和为期2个月的3期网络干预。结果共调查1 293人,平均年龄为(27.6±6.0)岁,其中75%年龄在18～30岁之间;86.2%为专科或本科以上学历;64.8%目前居住在北京。干预前后,MSM人群艾滋病知识知晓情况、安全套使用及HIV检测情况等方面的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。但在减少过去6个月中的肛交行为、消除阻碍接受HIV检测的因素等方面,网络干预不具有显著效果(P>0.05)。结论针对MSM人群,可以尝试采用网络干预的方法来提高艾滋病防治知识,减少HIV感染的高危行为,促进接受HIV检测。     

两代酶联免疫试剂在男男性行为人群HIV检测中的应用

目的通过使用第四代与第三代艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体酶联免疫试剂检测结果及核酸检测结果的比较,评估其在天津市男性性行为人群(MSM)HIV感染筛查中的应用效果。方法对天津市某区自愿咨询检测点进行咨询检测的男男性行为人群用EDTA抗凝管采集血液样品,同时使用两代HIV抗体筛查试剂进行检测,阳性者进行确证检测,两种筛查试剂检测结果均为阴性的样品,采用集合核酸检测方法进行检测。结果共计检测MSM人群血液样本2 065份,共对87份样品进行了确证试验,1 978份HIV抗体筛查阴性样品经核酸检测,有1份集合样品呈阳性。HIV抗体确证试验为阴性和不确定的6份样品,进行单份核酸检测,有4份HIV-1RNA阳性,病毒载量检测结果均符合HIV急性感染特征。此次研究中的MSM人群HIV感染率为4.16%(86/2 065),95%可信区间3.34%～5.12%。发现5例HIV急性感染者,估计该人群年发病率为3.16%,95%可信区间1.01%～7.35%。使用第三代抗体试剂进行筛查时,总费用为148 360元,其敏感性为94.2%(81/86)、特异性为100%,发现HIV感染者的单位成本为1 832.6元。使用第四代抗体试剂进行筛查时,总费用为166 080元,其敏感性为98.8%(85/86)、特异性为99.9%(1 977/1 979),发现HIV感染者的单位成本为1 953.9元。结论此次研究估测该人群的HIV感染年发病率为1.01%～7.35%,提示其高危性行为程度较高。在该人群中,使用第四代试剂筛查时,HIV感染者发现数比使用第三代试剂增加4.9%,发现HIV感染者的单位成本增加6.2%,提示具有推广应用价值。