大型听神经瘤的显微手术治疗

目的探讨经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术治疗大型听神经瘤的操作技巧及治疗效果。方法回顾性分析经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术治疗的45例大型听神经瘤临床资料。结果本组肿瘤全切40例(88.9%),次全切除5例(11.1%),面神经解剖学保留率为86.7%(39例)。对40例进行1年以上的随访评估,面神经功能获得满意恢复者为32例(71.1%)。结论经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术切除大型听神经瘤,对面神经可获得解剖学与功能的保护,能明显降低并发症与病死率。     

听神经瘤的显微手术治疗

目的：探讨显微手术治疗听神经瘤的操作技巧及治疗效果。方法：回顾性分析经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术治疗的68例听神经瘤临床资料。结果：本组肿瘤全切52例（76.4%）,次全切除16例（23.6%）,面神经解剖学保留率为82.3%（56例）,对58例进行1年以上的随访评估,面神经功能获得满意恢复者为45例（77.5%）。结论：经枕下乙状窦后入路显微手术切除听神经瘤,对面神经可获得解剖学与功能的保护,能明显降低并发症与病死率。     

经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术切除大型听神经瘤43例分析

目的 探讨经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术切除大型听神经瘤的手术技巧及疾病预后.方法 对43例大型听神经瘤采用经枕下-乙状窦后入路,行显微镜下听神经瘤手术切除的患者资料进行回顾性总结,对照分析评估患者术前、术后的面神经、听神经功能保留情况.结果 肿瘤全切除35例(81.4％),次全切除8例(18.6％);术后34例(79....     

显微手术切除大型听神经瘤31例报告

目的:探讨大型听神经瘤的诊断、经枕下乙状窦后入路显微手术切除的操作技术及预后。方法:采用CT及MRI扫描检查和显微外科技术,对31例大型听神经瘤行手术切除,术中及术后评估面神经的功能。结果:本组26例(83.9%)肿瘤达到全切除,5例(16.1%)次全切除。面神经的解剖学保留率为77.2%(24例)。对26例进行1年以上的随访评估,面神经功能获得满意恢复者为22例(70.9%)。结论:采用经枕下乙状窦后入路,显微手术切除大型听神经瘤,对面神经可获得解剖学与功能的保护,能明显降低并发症与病死率。     

经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术切除听神经瘤42例分析

目的:探讨经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术切除听神经瘤保留面神经功能的可能性和可行性。方法:对42例听神经瘤患者均采取经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术行肿瘤切除术。结果:肿瘤全切除34例,次全切除8例。面神经解剖保留33例,出院时面神经功能保留率为52.4%(HouseⅠ~Ⅱ级22例)。平均随访5年,其中29例恢复良好,10例恢复一般,3例恢复较差。结论:经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微外科手术治疗听神经瘤是安全有效的,有利于面神经功能的保留。     

大型听神经瘤的显微手术切除的疗效

目的 探讨经枕下乙状窦后入路显微手术技术对大型听神经瘤切除的临床疗效和意义。方法 采用枕下乙状窦后入路对94例大型听神经瘤患者应用显微手术切除术。分别在术前及术后进行听神经和面神经功能评估，总结临床疗效和经验。结果 手术完全切除肿瘤者84例(89．3％)，次全切除10例(10．6％)。听神经解剖保留10例(10．6％)，功能保留2例(2．2％)；面神经解剖保留68例(72．3％)，功能保留42例(44．6％)。术后死亡2例(2．2％)。结论 经枕下乙状窦后入路显微手术切除大型听神经瘤是一种安全、有效的方法，对大型听神经瘤的手术切除必须在手术显微镜下进行，显微手术技术可提高大型听神经瘤全切率，有效保护肿瘤周围的重要神经结构，减少术后并发症和死亡率。     

显微神经外科手术治疗听神经瘤

目的分析总结枕下乙状窦后入路显微外科手术切除听神经瘤的经验和技巧，以提高肿瘤全切率和面神经的保留率，预防并发症。方法对32例枕下乙状窦后入路显微手术治疗的听神经瘤的手术资料进行分析。结果肿瘤的全切率为93．3％(30)，面神经解剖保留为90．7％(29)，无死亡病例。结论枕下乙状窦后入路是切除听神经瘤的安全有效入路；熟练的显微外科技术和局部显微解剖学基础知识是术中面神经保留的关键。     

听神经鞘瘤的显微外科治疗及面神经保留探讨

目的 总结分析显微外科手术治疗听神经鞘瘤的技巧及探讨术中面神经的保留。方法 我科1995年以来采用显微外科手术治疗72例听神经鞘瘤。大部分病人（93％）采用枕下－乙状窦后入路;4例病人（5％）采用经岩骨－乙状窦后联合入路;1例病人采用乙状窦前入路。中型肿瘤占51％;大型、巨大型肿瘤占49％。我们对其显微外科手术技巧、手术入路的选择和术中面神经的保留进行讨论。结果 全切除70例（97．2％）;次全切除1例（1．3％）;部分切除1例（1．3％）。术中面神经解剖完整保留68例（94．4％）。结论 选择合理的手术入路,熟练的采用显微神经外科技术和应用术中面神经监测可明显的提高肿瘤的全切除和面神经保护率。     

乙状窦后入路切除听神经瘤的显微手术

目的总结经枕下乙状窦后一内听道人路显微手术切除听神经瘤的经验和技巧,以提高肿瘤的全切率和面神经的保留率。方法回顾性分析经枕下乙状窦后人路显微手术治疗的11例听神经瘤,对其手术方法和技巧进行分析总结。结果肿瘤全切率为72．7％,面神经解剖保留率为81．8％。术后无重残和死亡。结论乙状窦后人路治疗听神经瘤是一种安全有效的方法。对桥小脑角区解剖的熟悉和熟练的手术技巧是术中保留面神经的关键。     

经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术切除中、大型听神经鞘瘤32例报告

摘要目的:探讨手术切除中,大型听神经瘤的最佳入路。方法:对术前经CT或MRI证实,且肿瘤位于桥脑小脑角区,直径>20mm的32例听神经鞘瘤患者,采用枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术切除肿瘤;术后评估治疗效果,分别比较手术前后的面神经功能。结果:肿瘤全切除率78.12%(25例);次全切除率18.75%(6例);部分切除率3.12%。面神经解剖保留率为71.87%(23例),出院时功能保留率为53.12%(House分级,Ⅰ~Ⅱ级17例);4例(12.5%)肿瘤复发经再次手术治愈。结论:经枕下-乙状窦后入路显微手术切除中、大型听神经瘤是一种安全有效的方法。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.