Unevenly distributed: a systematic review of the health literature about socioeconomic inequalities in adult obesity in the United Kingdom

Background  

There is a growing literature documenting socioeconomic inequalities in obesity risk among adults in the UK, with poorer groups suffering higher risk.     

Assessment of cardiometabolic risk among shift workers in Hungary

Aim  

Shift workers may be at risk of different diseases. In order to assess cardiometabolic risk in shift workers, a cross-sectional study was performed among active workers.     

Association of dental prosthetic condition with food consumption and the risk of malnutrition and follow-up 4- year mortality risk in elderly Taiwanese

Objective  

To determine the impact of dental prosthetic condition on food consumption, risk of malnutrition and follow-up 4-year mortality risk in elderly Taiwanese.     

World Health Organization fracture risk assessment tool in the assessment of fractures after falls in hospital

Background  

Falls are very common accidents in a hospital. Various risk factors and risk assessment tools are used to predict falls. However, outcomes of falls such as bone fractures have not been considered in these risk assessment tools, and the performance of risk assessment tools in a Japanese hospital setting is not clear.     

Overweight and obesity as markers for the evaluation of disease risk in older adults

Objectives  

To explore disease risk through the measurement of BMI scores and waist circumferences in older Mexican adults with favorable health statuses and to determine how this risk is associated with sociodemographic characteristics.     

Absolute risk representation in cardiovascular disease prevention: comprehension and preferences of health care consumers and general practitioners involved in a focus group study

Background  

Communicating risk is part of primary prevention of coronary heart disease and stroke, collectively referred to as cardiovascular disease (CVD). In Australia, health organisations have promoted an absolute risk approach, thereby raising the question of suitable standardised formats for risk communication.     

Examination of useful items for the assessment of fall risk in the community-dwelling elderly Japanese population

Objectives  

The aim of this study was to select useful items for assessing fall risk in healthy elderly Japanese individuals.     

A descriptive study of variables associated with obtaining nipple aspirate fluid in a cohort of non-lactating women

Background  

The search for biologic endpoints and biomarkers in the study of breast cancer risk assessment and risk reduction strategies has led to an interest in obtaining cytologic information and other biomarkers from nipple aspirate fluid (NAF).     

A comparison of populations vaccinated in a public service and in a private hospital setting in the same area

Background  

Improving immunisation rates in risk groups is one of the main objectives in vaccination strategies. However, achieving high vaccination rates in children with chronic conditions is difficult. Different types of vaccine providers may differently attract high risk children.     

Association between folate status,diabetes, antihypertensive medication and age-related cataracts in elderly Taiwanese

Objective  

To evaluate possible risk factors for cataract in elderly Taiwanese, and to investigate whether the relationship between age and cataract in older persons is modified by other cataract-associated risk factors.     

Multiple primary tumours: incidence estimation in the presence of competing risks

Background  

Estimating the risk of developing subsequent primary tumours in a population is difficult since the occurrence probability is conditioned to the survival probability.     

The prevalence and management of cardiovascular risk factors in immigrant groups in Switzerland

Objectives  

To compare the prevalence and management of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) between immigrant groups and Swiss nationals.     

Increased traffic exposure and negative birth outcomes: a prospective cohort in Australia

Background  

Pregnant women exposed to traffic pollution have an increased risk of negative birth outcomes. We aimed to investigate the size of this risk using a prospective cohort of 970 mothers and newborns in Logan, Queensland.     

The distribution and co-occurrence of physical and psychosocial risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders in a general working population

Background  

There is growing evidence that physical and psychosocial exposures at work increase the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to describe the distribution and co-occurrence of these risk factors in the working population.     

Contextual socioeconomic determinants of cardiovascular risk factors in rural south-west China: a multilevel analysis

Background  

We examined independent influences of contextual variables on cardiovascular risk factors in Shilin county, Yunnan province, South-west China.     

The context of HIV risk behaviours among HIV-positive injection drug users in Viet Nam: Moving toward effective harm reduction

Background  

Injection drug users represent the largest proportion of all HIV reported cases in Viet Nam. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of risk and risk behaviours among HIV-positive injection drug users, and their experiences related to safe injection and safe sex practices.     

Changes in health risk behaviors of elementary school students in northern Taiwan from 2001 to 2003: results from the child and adolescent behaviors in long-term evolution study

Background  

Previous research has indicated that children's behaviors have long-term effects on later life. Hence it is important to monitor the development of health risk behaviors in childhood. This study examined the changes in health risk behaviors in fourth- to sixth-grade students in northern Taiwan from 2001 to 2003.     

Country of origin predicts nutrition risk among community living older people

Objectives  

To assess the nutrition risk status of community living older people and to identify associated risk factors.     

Occupational allergy to birds within the population of Polish bird keepers employed in zoo gardens

Objectives  

To evaluate the risk factors for the development of occupational allergy to birds among Polish zoo garden keepers.     

Tackling health literacy: adaptation of public hypertension educational materials for an Indo-Asian population in Canada

Background  

Indo-Asians in Canada are at increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. There is a need for cultural and language specific educational materials relating to this risk. During this project we developed and field tested the acceptability of a hypertension public education pamphlet tailored to fit the needs of an at risk local Indo-Asian population, in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.