组蛋白去甲基化酶Jmjd3对牙髓干细胞成牙本质向分化的影响研究

目的研究组蛋白去甲基化酶Jmjd3对牙髓干细胞(dental pulp stem cells,DPSCs)成牙本质向分化的影响。方法原代分离培养DPSCs,用流式细胞术和茜素红染色鉴定DPSCs。体外诱导DPSCs成牙本质向分化不同时间(0、3、5、7、14 d),qRT-PCR检测Jmjd3及成牙本质细胞标志物牙本质涎磷蛋白(dentin sialophosphoprotein,DSPP)、牙本质基质蛋白1(dentin matrix protein1,DMP1)的表达情况。用不同浓度(0、1、10μmol/L)的Jmjd3抑制剂GSK-J4处理DPSCs 14 d,q RT-PCR检测DSPP、DMP1的表达情况。结果原代培养的DPSCs表达间充质干细胞表面标记物CD44、CD29、CD146,体外诱导培养具有成骨分化潜能。DPSCs成牙本质向分化过程中,Jmjd3、DSPP、DMP1表达水平均上调(P<0.05),且可能具有时间依赖性。10μmol/L GSK-J4处理DPSCs可明显抑制DSPP、DMP1的表达(P<0.05)。结论Jmjd3在DPSCs成牙本质向分化过程中发挥正调节作用,且与其去甲基化酶活性相关。     

外泌体诱导3D纳米纤维小管中牙髓干细胞成骨/成牙本质向分化的作用研究

目的    探究基质细胞衍生因子-1α（stromal cell-derived factor-1α,SDF-1α）诱导的根尖牙乳头干细胞来源外泌体（exosomes derived from stem cells from apical papilla,SCAP-Exo）对3D纳米纤维小管中牙髓干细胞（dental pulp stem cells,DPSCs）增殖和成骨/成牙本质向分化的影响。方法    提取SDF-1α诱导的SCAP-Exo,采用透射电镜、纳米粒子跟踪技术及Western Blot进行鉴定。将DPSCs培养于3D纳米纤维小管中,扫描电镜观察DPSCs的形态与黏附状态。使用不同质量浓度（0、50、100 μg/mL）的SCAP-Exo刺激3D纳米纤维小管中的DPSCs,分别记为对照组、50 μg/mL SCAP-Exo组和100 μg/mL SCAP-Exo组,并对细胞增殖活力和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性进行检测;实时RT-PCR和Western Blot分别检测成骨/成牙本质向分化相关基因的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果    SCAP-Exo形态呈茶托状,具有双层膜结构,平均粒径为126.4 nm,能够表达外泌体标志蛋白CD9和CD81。扫描电镜观察显示DPSCs在3D纳米纤维小管中的黏附状态良好。50 μg/mL SCAP-Exo组和100 μg/mL SCAP-Exo组DSPCs的增殖活力和ALP活性均高于对照组,且100 μg/mL SCAP-Exo组较50 μg/mL SCAP-Exo组的ALP活性升高更显著（均P < 0.05）。100 μg/mL SCAP-Exo组成骨/成牙本质向分化基因（ALP、DMP-1、BSP和OCN）的mRNA和蛋白表达水平均高于对照组（均P < 0.05）。结论    DPSCs可在3D纳米纤维小管中维持良好的增殖活力。SDF-1α诱导的SCAP-Exo可增强3D纳米纤维小管中DPSCs的增殖活力和ALP活性,以及促进其向成骨/成牙本质向分化。     

白藜芦醇在人牙髓干细胞成牙本质向分化中的调控机制研究

目的：探讨白藜芦醇是否通过上调沉默信息调节因子1(silent information regulator 1,SIRT1)的表达并激活β-catenin信号通路，从而促进人牙髓干细胞（DPSCs）成牙本质向分化。方法：不同浓度白藜芦醇（0、10、15、20、50μmol/L）作用于DPSCs 7天和14天后，利用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖活性。在15μmol/L白藜芦醇作用下，成牙本质向分化诱导培养DPSCs 7天后，检测碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性；采用实时定量反转录PCR(qRT-PCR)检测Runt相关转录因子2(Runx2)、牙本质涎磷蛋白（DSPP）和牙本质基质蛋白1(DMP-1)的mRNA表达情况；采用蛋白质免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测DPSCs分化诱导不同时间（0、3、5、7、14天）后SIRT1的蛋白表达情况。15μmol/L白藜芦醇作用下分化诱导培养DPSCs 7天后，检测SIRT1和活化β连环蛋白（β-catenin）表达水平。采用GraphPad Prism 9软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果：15μmol/L白藜芦醇对DPSCs 7天和14天的增殖活性...     

富血小板纤维蛋白对根尖牙乳头干细胞生物学性能的作用研究

目的　研究富血小板纤维蛋白（platelet rich fibrin，PRF）对根尖牙乳头干细胞（stem cells from apical papilla，SCAP）生物学性能的作用，探讨其应用于牙髓再生治疗（regenerative endodontic treatment，RET）、促进年轻恒牙牙根继续发育的机制。方法　原代分离培养SCAP，抽取静脉血获取PRF。实验按所用PRF的体积不同分为4组：1/8PRF组、1/2PRF组、1PRF组、0PRF组（对照组）。分别收集各组PRF上清液，制备条件培养基。通过MTT法检测PRF对SCAP增殖的影响；对经不同PRF条件培养基预处理的SCAP进行成骨诱导，应用Western Blot检测牙本质涎磷蛋白（dentin sialophosphoprotein，DSPP）、牙本质基质蛋白1（dentin matrix protein 1，DMP1）、骨钙素（osteocalcin，OCN）的表达水平，检测PRF对SCAP成牙本质或成骨分化的影响。结果　在条件培养基培养3 d和5 d时，与对照组相比，实验组PRF均显著促进SCAP的增殖（P < 0.05），3 d和5 d时，1/2PRF组促进SCAP增殖作用最强（P < 0.05）。PRF条件培养基预处理的SCAP经成骨诱导后，高表达DSPP和DMP1（P < 0.05）。结论　PRF可显著促进SCAP增殖和向成牙本质细胞分化，为PRF应用于RET奠定了生物学基础。     

人骨形成蛋白－2对人牙髓细胞增殖和分化的影响

目的：探讨骨形成蛋白－2（BMP－2）对体外培养的人牙髓细胞（DPCs）增殖和分化的影响。方法：体外培养人DPCs,分别与不同浓度的BMP－2（50、100、200 ng／mL）共同培养;分别检测各组细胞的增殖情况、碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase,ALP）活性、钙化结节形成量以及牙本质涎磷蛋白（DSPP）、牙本质基质蛋白－1（DMP－1）各成牙本质相关基因的表达水平。结果：50～200 ng／mL 的BMP－2对DPCs的增殖均无明显促进作用;但是,能呈剂量依赖性地提高细胞的ALP活性、促进钙化结节的形成、上调DSPP和DMP－1 mRNA的表达水平,各浓度BMP－2组均高于对照组（P ＜0．05）。结论：BMP－2对体外培养的人DPCs增殖无明显影响,但可明显促进DPCs的成牙本质细胞方向分化。     

牙本质细胞外基质蛋白对乳牙牙髓干细胞体外增殖、分化能力的影响

目的:提取牙本质细胞外基质蛋白(Dentinextracellularmatrixproteins,DEMPs)研究其对人脱落的乳牙牙髓干细胞(Stemcellfromhumanexfoliateddeciduousteeth,SHED)体外增殖分化能力的影响。方法:采用组织块联合酶消化法获得SHED并进行体外培养。成骨诱导液诱导细胞,鉴定其多向分化能力;拔取健康牛牙,用4mol/L盐酸胍和0.5mol/LEDTA提取DEMPs,四唑盐比色法(MTT)检测不同浓度DEMPs对SHED增殖能力的影响,同时测定DEMPs对SHED碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性的影响;实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)检测牙本质磷蛋白与牙本质基质蛋白1的mRNA表达情况。结果:DEMPs诱导细胞培养3d、5d可促进细胞增殖。细胞培养5、7d上调ALP活性,RT-PCR结果显示,DEMPs诱导后可促进DSPP与DMP-1基因的表达。结论:牙本质细胞外基质蛋白可以促进SHED的增殖与牙向分化能力。     

硅酸钙生物陶瓷对牙髓细胞体外增殖分化的影响

目的:应用硅酸钙(CaSiO3,CS)生物陶瓷作用于人牙髓细胞(human dental pulp cells,hDPCs),研究其对hDPCs增殖及向成牙本质细胞方向分化的影响。方法:从年轻健康患者(18²0岁)拔除的智齿或前磨牙牙髓组织中获取hDPCs进行培养。将质量浓度为0.2 g/mL的CS浸提液按1/2、1/4、1/8、1/16、1/32、1/64和1/128倍比稀释后作用于hDPCs。MTT实验检测不同质量浓度CS浸提液对hDPCs增殖的影响,进而筛选出最佳浓度。以最佳质量浓度(1/64倍比稀释)CS浸提液培养hDPCs 2、4 d后,Real-Time PCR检测以下hDPCs成牙本质相关基因的表达:牙本质涎磷蛋白(dentin sialophosphoprotein,DSPP)、牙本质基质蛋白-1(dentin matrix protein 1,DMP-1),Ⅰ型胶原(collagen typeⅠ,COL-Ⅰ)、骨钙蛋白(osteocalcin,OCN)、骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN);培养7、14 d后碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)染色及半定量检测ALP活性。结果:最佳质量浓度(1/64倍比稀释)CS浸提液能够促进hDPCs的增殖,对牙髓细胞DSPP、DMP-1、COL-1、OPN等成牙本质相关基因的表达有较为明显的促进作用。ALP染色及半定量分析显示该浓度的CS浸提液能够提高hDPCs分泌ALP的活性。结论:最佳质量浓度(1/64倍比稀释)CS浸提液能够明显促进hDPCs的增殖,提高成牙本质相关基因的表达,进而促进hDPCs向成牙本质细胞方向分化,为后期hDPCs结合CS支架材料进行牙本质再生的研究打下基础。     

低浓度氟化钠对人牙髓细胞的成骨/成牙本质分化的影响

目的 探讨低浓度氟化钠对人牙髓细胞（human dental pulp cells,hDPCs）成骨/成牙本质分化的影响。方法 本研究已通过单位伦理委员会审查批准。原代培养hDPCs，采用MTT法检测不同浓度氟化钠对hDPCs增殖的影响；选取合适浓度的氟化钠加入成骨/成牙本质分化诱导培养液中，对hDPCs进行体外诱导，通过茜素红染色检测hDPCs成骨/成牙本质分化能力的变化，RT-qPCR检测分化相关基因的mRNA表达；同时通过RT-qPCR和Western blot检测h DPCs成骨/成牙本质分化过程中内质网应激相关基因的表达。结果 低浓度氟化钠（0.1 mmol/L）在体外可刺激h DPCs增殖，高浓度氟化钠（5～10 mmol/L）可抑制hDPCs增殖（P<0.05）。选取0.1 mmol/L氟化钠体外混合成骨/成牙本质分化诱导培养后hDPCs的茜素红染色增加，成骨/成牙本质分化相关基因牙本质涎磷蛋白（dentin sialophosphoprotein,DSPP）、骨涎蛋白（bone sialoprotein,BSP）和骨钙蛋白（osteocalcin,OCN）mRNA...     

Evidence of the validity of a model of determinants of quality of restorative dental care

A model describing the relationship between self-reported quality of restorative dentistry and dentist characteristics for 119 Montana general dentists is presented. The best predictors formed a significant model explaining 22% of the variance of the quality measure. Results are contrasted with a previous estimation of the model for 102 Washington general practitioners. Evidence for the external validity of the model is presented.     

Experimental evidence of formation of imines in the course of reduction of hydrazones

The reduction of hydrazones is generally suggested to proceed through a reductive cleavage of the nitrogen–nitrogen bond followed by a reduction of the carbon–nitrogen bond. This sequence of reduction processes is here supported for fluorenone (V) and benzophenone (VI) hydrazones as well as by a comparison of the reduction of fluorenone and benzophenone hydrazonium ions (I,III) with corresponding imines (II,IV). Another proof of the presence of imines as intermediates is the splitting of four-electron waves of hydrazones V and VI and hydrazonium ions I and VIII into two waves at pH < 2. This has been interpreted as due to differences in slopes dE_1/2/dpH and pK_a-values of protonated hydrazine derivatives on one side and corresponding imines on the other. In this pH-range imines formed in reductions of VI and VIII are reduced in a single two-electron wave, those of I and V in two one-electron steps. Fluorenone imine (II) is sufficiently stable to allow recording of time-independent current–voltage curves between pH 6 and 11. In this pH-range the imine (II) is reduced in two one-electron steps. Benzophenone imine (IV) has been found stable between pH 4.6 and 12. At pH 4.6–8 the reduction of the imine IV takes place in a single two-electron step, at pH 8–12 in two one-electron steps. Final proof of the initial cleavage of the N–N bond is presented by comparison with the reduction of nitrones.     

不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀溶解性比较研究

目的:研究、比较不同剂型玻璃离子水门汀的溶解性和表面微观形态改变,为临床使用提供依据.方法:将3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)及GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)分别在人工唾液中浸泡30 d,冷热循环15000次,烘干测重,比较前后质量变化,计算溶解率,并用扫描电镜观察表面微观改变.结果:不同剂型的玻璃离子水门汀溶解率由高到低分别为3M树脂加强型玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(水粉剂型)、GC玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型).3种玻璃离子水门汀经浸泡溶解后,SEM扫描表面微观形态可观察到GE玻璃离子水门汀(双糊剂型)表面形态改变较少,其他2组玻璃离子水门汀表面微观改变较多.结论:双糊剂型玻璃离子水门汀理化性能及溶解率均低于传统水粉剂型,是未来临床修复治疗的的良好选择.     

Design of clinical trials of traditional therapies of periodontitis

The present paper on the design of clinical trials of periodontal therapy first addresses the issue of the etiology of periodontal disease. It is suggested that most if not all forms of destructive periodontal disease are caused by microorganisms and that there are different forms of disease with different microbial etiologies. The progressive nature of destructive periodontal disease is subsequently discussed and it is emphasized that, in a given patient, periodontal sites which show signs of inflammation and attachment loss may not over a period of several months and years show further sign of attachment loss. The present methods of assessing periodontal disease do not allow us to discriminate between potentially active and inactive sites in untreated patients. The significance and variability of indicators of periodontal disease such as bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level measurements are discussed. The errors inherent in the various measurements are analyzed and suggestions are presented describing how alterations in any of the above parameters could be identified and presented in a clinical trial. Of concern for the statistical analysis of clinical data of periodontal disease is the definition of the "experimental unit". For a number of years, the "experimental unit" in periodontal trials was the patient. It is clear, however, that different sites within the same individual show different patterns of disease progression and lesion morphology and often respond differently to periodontal therapy. Statistical analyses must consequently be designed which recognize differences in site-to-site infection and lesion morphology within a common host. Until such analyses are available, the investigator should be wary of pooling data within the same individual, since such pooling may obscure meaningful alternatives which may take place in individual periodontal sites. Some goals of periodontal therapy are subsequently identified. 4 goals are discussed more in detail, namely: to establish conditions which will allow the patient to maintain a dentition without further breakdown of the periodontium; to reduce pocket depth to establish an anatomy in the dentogingival region which with proper maintainance care will prevent the re-establishment of the subgingival infection; to gain attachment as a result of treatment; to assess the effect of a certain chemotherapeutic agent on periodontal disease.     

Evaluation of efficacy of chemiluminescence for diagnosis of leukoplakia

ObjectiveLeukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant disorder preceding oral cancer. Chemiluminescence has been developed as an adjunct to conventional examination for the diagnosis of these potentially malignant disorders. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of chemiluminescence in the diagnosis of leukoplakia and to compare the results with histopathological examination.Study designA total of 50 patients with leukoplakia were included from the outpatients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dental Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. These patients were subjected to conventional oral examination followed by chemiluminescent examination with Vizilite (Zila, Fort Collins, CO, USA) and biopsy for histopathological confirmation.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of chemiluminescence were 93.75%, 55.56%, 78.95%, and 83.3%, respectively. The overall accuracy of chemiluminescence was 80%. A statistically significant association was observed between histopathology results and chemiluminescence results.ConclusionAlthough it is an easy, safe, minimal time consuming, and noninvasive technique, it has only adjunctive utility and it does not replace biopsy for the diagnosis of leukoplakia.     

颌骨动静脉畸形的栓塞治疗

目的：总结直接穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静脉静脉畸形的经验。方法：收治凳骨动静脉畸形患者6例,均进行了介入栓塞治疗。采用的栓塞材料为附凝血棉纤毛的螺圈,聚乙烯醇泡沫微粒和二氰基丙烯酸对丁酯。数字减影颈动脉造影在PHILIPSV300下完成。结果6例颌骨动静脉畸形患者中4,例急性出血得到了快速、有效控制,1例慢性渗血的右下 骨动静脉畸形患者,介入栓塞治疗,拔除松动的右下凳第一磨牙,有效地控制了出血,另1例伴局部软组织搏动性膨隆的上凳骨动静脉畸形患者,介入治疗后膨隆的搏动性得到明显改善,栓塞治疗后分别随访3－24个月,均未发现有口腔内渗血或出血。随访的X线片上,病灶区可见新骨形成。结论：局部穿刺结合经血管内介入栓塞治疗颌骨动静畸形是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

正畸患者切牙影像失真发生情况分析

目的研究正畸患者曲面体层片上的切牙影像失真发生情况，并分析其原因。 方法从中山大学附属口腔医院放射科影像数据库中选取500例正畸患者的曲面体层片和头影测量侧位片，所有曲面体层片均采用咬合杆投照，分别从切牙牙体影像放大、缩小、牙根变短、根尖模糊等评价指标分析上下颌切牙影像失真的发生情况，在头影测量侧位片上测量中切牙根尖-对颌切牙切缘的距离，探讨切牙影像失真发生的原因。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对所得数据进行统计学检验。 结果500例患者中，切牙牙体影像正常者共417例，切牙牙体影像失真者共83例，影像失真发生率16.6%，其中切牙牙体影像放大17例、牙体影像缩小0例、牙根变短30例，牙根影像变短伴模糊36例。影像失真患者的根尖-切缘距离大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F = 5 187.18，P = 0）；影像失真患者的覆盖值大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F>477，P = 0）。 结论严重牙颌面畸形如反 、深覆盖是导致曲面体层片的切牙影像失真的主要原因之一。     

正常青年Monson球面半径的测量研究

目的测量正常青年Monson球面半径。方法选择60名(男30名,女30名)正常青年制取全口印模,应用立体摄影成像的原理与方法对Monson球面半径进行测量和统计学处理。结果Monson球面的半径平均为10.173 cm,大于理论值10.160 cm,差异有显著性(P<0.01);男、女性球面半径差异无显著性。结论本实验所得到的数据可作为全口义齿修复中记录颌位关系的一个参量。     

鼻测量法的进展

唇裂术后继发畸形是指唇裂修复术后,仍遗留或继发于手术操作和生长发育变化而表现出来的一类畸形[1]。包括唇畸形、鼻畸形和颌骨畸形。其修复较原发性唇裂修复更复杂,更灵活多变。而导致其修复复杂性的一个重要原因即是局部组织结构复杂变异和缺乏可靠的三维测量手段[2],鼻畸形