近排腕骨切除加骨间掌、背侧神经切断治疗退行性腕关节炎

目的评价近排腕骨切除加骨间掌、背侧神经切断术治疗退行性腕关节炎的疗效。方法1996年3月-2002年12月,对30例退行性腕关节炎行近排腕骨切除和腕部骨间掌、背侧神经切断术。术后测量腕关节的活动度、握力和疼痛程度,腕关节功能评定采用Krimmer评分法。术后拍摄腕关节X线正侧位片,了解腕关节骨性改变情况。结果术后随访8~66个月。腕关节屈伸活动度平均为70°(健侧为126°),尺桡偏平均为36°(健侧为66°);握力为25kg(健侧为46kg);疼痛值为32(术前为73);腕关节功能评分为70。腕关节X线片示,术后3例腕关节形成关节炎。结论近排腕骨切除加骨间掌侧及背侧神经切断可保留腕关节部分功能,减轻腕关节疼痛,是治疗退行性腕关节炎的有效手段。     

近排腕骨切除术治疗创伤性腕关节炎10例临床观察

[目的]评价近排腕骨切除术治疗创伤性腕关节炎的疗效。[方法]2009年3月~2014年12月,对10例创伤性腕关节炎行近排腕骨切除术。术后测量腕关节的活动度、握力和疼痛程度,腕关节功能评定采用Krimmer评分法。术后拍摄腕关节正侧位X线片,了解腕关节骨性改变情况。[结果]术后随访8~66个月。腕关节屈伸活动度(腕关节掌屈、背伸角度之和)平均为73°(健侧为127°),尺桡偏平均为37°(健侧为67°);握力为24 kg(健侧为48 kg);疼痛值为30(术前为75);腕关节功能评分为82分(术前为56分)。腕关节X线片示:术后1例桡头关节形成关节炎。[结论]近排腕骨切除可保留腕关节部分功能,减轻腕关节疼痛,是治疗创伤性腕关节炎的有效手段。     

四角融合联合舟骨切除术治疗腕塌陷10例

[目的]评价应用四角融合联合舟骨切除术治疗进行性腕塌陷的临床效果。[方法]切除舟骨,应用全螺纹空心螺钉融合头状骨、月骨、三角骨和钩骨治疗10例进行性腕塌陷,术后随访1～5年,平均(3.71±1.24)年,随访检查包括腕关节疼痛程度、腕关节活动度、握力及X线片检查,观察上述指标术前术后变化。[结果] 10例患者腕关节疼痛消失或基本消失。平均握力恢复至健侧的80%,腕关节活动度恢复至健侧的52%。[结论]四角融合联合舟骨切除术是治疗进行性腕塌陷的有效方法,术后能恢复大部分腕功能。     

大多角骨切除加桡侧腕屈肌悬吊治疗退行性第一腕掌关节炎

目的 评价大多角骨切除加桡侧腕屈肌悬吊治疗退行性第一腕掌关节炎的疗效.方法 采用大多角骨切除加桡侧腕屈肌悬吊术治疗退行性第一腕掌关节炎8例,按Krimmer腕关节评分法评价术后腕关节功能恢复,患者自我功能评价表(DASH问卷调查表)评价手术前后生活质量的改善状况.方果 术后随访8～26个月,平均15个月,包括手术前后腕掌关节疼痛程度、腕掌关节活动度、握力以及X线片检查.第一腕掌关节疼痛值术前为(5.6±2.2),术后为(1.6±1.0);拇指内收外展活动度术前为(32.0±10.0)°,术后为(58.0±13.0)°;拇指屈伸活动度术前为(20.0±11.0)°,术后为(43.0±13.0)°;握力术前为(16.5±3.9)ks,术后为(25.0±8.3)ks;捏力术前为(2.0±0.9)ks,术后为(3.2±1.3)ks.Krimmer评分值术前为(48.0±19.0)分,术后为(85.0±23.0)分;其中优5例,良2例,中1例.DASH值术前为(52.0±20.0)分,术后为(21.0±14.0)分,DASH调查表结果显示术后手部灵巧,动作恢复良好,但从事重体力劳动有部分功能受限.方论 大多角骨切除加桡侧腕屈肌腱悬吊可减轻疼痛、改善第一腕掌关节功能,是治疗退行性第一腕掌关节炎的有效手段,但从事重体力劳动时仍有部分功能受限.     

陈旧性经舟骨月骨周围脱位22例治疗观察

[目的]分析陈旧性经舟骨月骨周围脱位采取近排腕骨切除加骨间掌、背侧神经终末支切断术的临床疗效。[方法]从1999年6月～2007年12月收治的22例陈旧性经舟状骨骨折月骨周围腕骨脱位患者,术前病程28d～1.2年,术后测量腕关节的活动度、握力和腕部疼痛程度,腕关节功能评定采用Krimmer评分法。[结果]术后随访24～72个月,腕关节腕掌屈、背伸活动度平均72°,尺桡偏平均35°,健侧为68°±8°;侧握力为(26±8)kg,健侧握力为(45±10)kg;疼痛值为28;腕关节功能评分为72,腕关节X线片显示:未见骨关节炎表现;满意率90%。[结论]本术式是用于治疗陈旧性经舟骨月骨周围脱位引起腕部功能障碍和腕部疼痛的有效手段。     

早期手术治疗经舟骨月骨周围骨折脱位的临床分析

目的 评价早期手术治疗经舟骨月骨周围骨折脱位的临床疗效.方法 15例经舟骨月骨周围骨折脱位的患者,采用切开复位加压螺钉和克氏针内固定.术后评估腕部疼痛、腕关节活动度、手部握力及骨折愈合,并用腕关节Krimmer评分法评估疗效.结果 13例获得6～12个月随访,平均9个月.2例出现静息痛,3例活动时疼痛.腕关节屈伸活动度（65±11）°,尺桡偏角度为（10±8）°,平均握力较健侧减少10%.X片检查3例腕关节炎,2例舟骨骨折近端骨质吸收致舟骨不愈合.11例腕舟骨愈合,平均愈合时间为4.8个月.Krimmer评分法评估总体疗效：优7例,良1例,可3例,差2例.结论 早期切开复位应用克氏针和加压螺钉同时内固定治疗经舟骨月骨周围骨折脱住手术方式可行、疗效可靠.     

腕关节融合钢板内固定术的临床疗效

目的评价腕关节融合钢板内固定术的临床疗效。方法2000年7月-2004年12月，采用腕关节融合钢板内固定术治疗创伤性腕关节炎21例。随访内容包括腕关节疼痛程度、手指关节活动度、握力和x线片。根据Buck—Gramcko／Lohrnanrm评分表评价腕关节总体功能，DASH调查表评价腕关节融合术对患者日常活动及生活质量的影响。结果术后21例获得随访，平均随访时间为20个月。术后患侧腕部疼痛值平均为1．5（术前4．5），12例掌指关节和lO例拇指指间关节出现轻微背伸功能障碍，腕部握力为30kg（健侧为38kg）。x线片示腕关节全部骨性融合。Buck—Gramcko／Lohmanrm评分值为8．7，其中优5例、良10例，中6例。DASH值为32，DASH调查表结果表明腕关节融合术后部分日常活动受限。结论腕关节融合钢板内固定成功率高，腕关节疼痛明显减轻，但术后腕关节部分功能丧失。     

Sauvé-Kapandji手术治疗桡尺远侧关节脱位和关节炎

目的 评价Sauve-Kapandji手术治疗桡尺远侧关节脱位和关节炎的临床疗效.方法 采用Sauve-Kapandji手术治疗桡尺远侧关节脱位和关节炎12例.随访内容包括手术前后腕关节疼痛程度、腕关节活动度、握力以及术后患侧X线片情况.X线片检查观察桡尺远侧关节愈合及测量尺桡骨间距.Mayo腕关节评分法评价手术前、后腕关节功能恢复程度,DASH问卷调查表行手术前、后腕关节功能自我评价.结果 术后随访9～32个月,平均16个月.术前腕关节疼痛值在负重后为[(39.0±17.0),(x)±s,下同],术后疼痛值为(23.0±13.0).尺桡偏活动度术前为(26.0±11.0)°,术后为(41.0±12.0)°;旋前、旋后活动度术前为(84.0±21.0)°,术后为(139.0±33.0)°.握力术前为(12.8±3.6)kg,术后为(24.0±7.4)kg.Mayo评分结果术前为(43.0±13.0),术后为(73.0±16.0),优3例,良4例,中3例,差2例.DASH值术前为(57.0±14.0),术后为(31.0±10.0).X线片检查12例桡尺远侧关节及尺骨移植处全部愈合.结论 Sauve-Kapandji手术治疗桡尺远侧关节脱位和关节炎,疼痛明显减轻,旋转活动度和握力增加,功能明显改善.     

腕关节融合钢板内固定术的临床观察

目的评价腕关节融合钢板内固定术的临床疗效。方法采用腕关节融合钢板内固定术治疗创伤性腕关节炎25例,其中21例术后得到20个月随访,针对腕关节疼痛程度、手指关节活动度、握力和X线检查对其疗效进行评定。结果腕部疼痛值为1.5,11例掌指关节和10例拇指关节出现轻微背伸功能障碍。X线片示腕关节全部融合。Buck-Gramcko/Lohmannn评价其总体功能评分值为8.7,其中优5例,良10例,中6例。DASH调查表评价值为32,结果表明腕关节融合术后部分日常活动受限。结论腕关节融合钢板内固定手术成功率高,关节疼痛明显减轻,术后会引起部分功能丧失。     

桡骨远端楔形截骨术与植骨加压螺丝钉固定术治疗腕舟状骨骨折不愈合的疗效比较

目的:比较桡骨远端楔形截骨术与植骨加压螺钉内固定术治疗腕舟状骨骨折不愈合的疗效.方法:分为两组,A组为2003年月3月到2006年12月应用桡骨远端楔形截骨术治疗腕舟状骨骨折不愈合33例,B组为2007年1月到2010年6月,应用植骨加压螺钉内固定术治疗腕舟状骨骨折不愈合23例.术后随访6个月-5年,随访检查包括X线检查骨折愈合情况及腕关节疼痛程度、腕关节活动度、握力.结果:A组:X线检查腕舟状骨均愈合,骨折线消失;桡骨远端截骨处完全愈合,桡骨远端关节面尺偏角变平,近乎平面.腕疼痛值静息时为1.1,用力后为2.3;屈伸活动度为122度(健侧126度),尺桡偏为49度(健侧57度);平均握力为38kg(健侧40Kg).B组,X线片检查23例中有3例仍骨折不愈合,骨折愈合率87%,骨折愈合者腕疼痛值静息时为1.2,用力后为2.4;屈伸活动度为120度(健侧126度),尺桡偏为50度(健侧57度);平均握力为36Kg(健侧40Kg).结论:通过对两种术式治疗腕舟状骨骨折不愈合的疗效比较,桡骨远端楔形截骨术较植骨加压螺钉内固定术愈合率高,使腕关节的绝大部分功能得到保存,是治疗腕舟状骨不愈合的有效方法.两种方法骨折愈合后对腕关节活动度、疼痛程度、握力的影响无显著差异.     

镍钛记忆合金腕骨四角融合器应用于腕塌陷的疗效观察

目的 评价应用镍钛记忆合金腕骨四角融合器(NiTi shape memory alloy four-corner arthrodesis concentrator,NTMA-FCAC)治疗腕塌陷(carpal collapse)的效果.方法 2006年8月至2009年6月,应用NTMA-FCAC行头骨、月骨、三角骨及钩骨四角融合并舟骨切除术治疗13例腕塌陷患者,男8例,女5例;年龄23～61岁,平均38岁;右手9例,左手4例.其中陈旧性舟骨骨折不愈合致腕塌陷7例,陈旧性经舟骨、月骨周围脱位致腕塌陷5例,舟月进行性腕塌陷1例.随访内容包括术后患手握力、腕关节活动范围、腕关节疼痛程度、腕关节X线检查.采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)评估腕关节疼痛程度.采用Krimmer腕关节评分对腕关节总体功能进行评价.结果 术后随访6～36个月,平均26.5个月.术后平均握力为(32.49±6.21)kg,恢复至健侧的80.8%;术后腕关节活动范围达到健侧的53%以上.X线检查未见骨不连及伤口感染.腕关节VAS评分:休息状态下术前为(4.46±1.27)分,术后为(1.31±0.95)分;负重状态下术前为(7.00±1.41)分,术后为(2.62±1.26)分;两种状态下术前及术后比较,差异均有统计学意义.Krimmer腕关节评分为79分.术后优良率为84.6%.结论 应用NTMA-FCAC进行四角融合术能保存大部分腕关节功能,是治疗腕塌陷的有效办法.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the results of NiTi shape memory alloy four-corner arthrodesis concentrator (NTMA-FCAC) for carpal collapse. Methods We reviewed retrospectively 13 patients who underwent scaphoid excision with four-corner arthrodesis using NTMA-FCAC for carpal collapse from August 2006 to June 2009. There were eight males and five females, with an average age of 38 years (range, 23-61years). The cause of carpal collapse was SNAC in 7 cases, perilunate dislocations in five and SLAC in one.The injury mechanisms included traffic accidents (5 cases), falling from a height (4 cases), crashes (3 cases)and sprain (1 case). Objective measurements included grip strength and range of the wrist. Radiographs were performed in all patients. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess wrist pain. The results were evaluated according to the Krimmer wrist scores. Results The mean follow-up time was 26.5 months (range,6-36 months). Clinical evaluation yielded the mean grip strength of (32.49±6.21) kg (80.8% of opposite side).The mean range of the wrist reached over 53% of the healthy side. Non-union and wound infection were not seen. The mean VAS scores had improved from 4.46±1.27 preoperatively to 1.31 ±0.95 postoperatively. The mean pain scores under stress had improved from 7.00±1.41 preoperatively to 2.62±1.26 postoperatively.There were remarkable differences between them. The mean Krimmer wrist score was 79. Conclusion Four-corner arthrodesis using NTMA-FCAC is an effective method for carpal collapse, preserving a majority of wrist function.     

镍钛记忆合金舟大小融合器治疗舟骨旋转性半脱位和月骨无菌性坏死的应用研究

目的评价镍钛记忆合金舟大小融合器（NT-STTAC）治疗舟骨旋转性半脱位和月骨无菌性坏死的临床效果。方法对7例舟骨旋转性半脱位和3例月骨无菌性坏死患者入院后均使用镍钛记忆合金舟大小融合器行舟骨、大小多角骨局限性腕骨融合术（scapho—trapezio—trapezoeid arthrodesis,STT融合术）。术后平均随访12个月,随访内容包括术后患手握力、腕关节活动范围、腕关节疼痛程度、腕关节X线检查。采用疼痛视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scales．VAS）评估腕关节疼痛程度;采用Krimmer腕关节评分表对腕关节总体功能进行评价。结果术后平均握力为（32．49±6．21）Kg,恢复至健侧的80．8％：术后腕关节活动范围达到健侧的53％以上：X线检查未见骨不连病例;无伤口感染病例。VAS评分腕关节疼痛值休息状态下：术前为（4．46±1．27）分、术后为（1．31±0．95）分;负重状态下：术前为（7．00±1．41）分、术后为（2．62±1．26）分,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。Krimmer腕关节评分值为79分。术后优良率为84．6％．结论应用镍钛记忆合金舟大小融合器进行舟大小融合术能保存大部分腕关节功能,是治疗慢性、静态性舟骨旋转性半脱位和月骨无菌性坏死的一种有效方法。     

Four‐corner arthrodesis concentrator of Ni‐Ti memory alloy for carpal collapse

Objective: To evaluate the treatment outcomes of a four‐corner arthrodesis concentrator of Ni‐Ti memory alloy for carpal collapse. Methods: From August 2006 to November 2009, 13 patients with carpal collapse underwent scaphoid excision and four‐corner (capitate, lunate, triquetrum and hamate) arthrodesis using a four‐corner arthrodesis concentrator of Ni‐Ti memory alloy. The mean follow‐up time was 26.5 months (range, 7–38 months). Various wrist parameters, including the grip strength, range of wrist movements and degree of pain (visual analogue scales) were recorded and compared before and after surgery. Results: The average fusion time was 2.3 months (range, 2–4 months). Neither non‐union nor wound infection was found in any of the patients. By the sixth month postoperatively, the grip strength had reached an average of 32.49 ± 6.21 kg with a range of 22.3–39.7 kg, this being 80.8% of that found on the healthy side. The range of motion reached over 53.0% of that of the healthy side. Preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively, the mean pain scores were (4.46 ± 1.27) and 1.31 ± 0.95, respectively, when resting (P < 0.05), and 7.00 ± 1.41 and 2.62 ± 1.26, respectively, when weight‐bearing (P < 0.05). The mean value of the Krimmer wrist score was 79.2 (range, 64–84). The rate of excellent and fine results was 84.6% (11/13), being excellent in three cases, good in eight and fair in two. Conclusion: Four‐corner arthrodesis using a four‐corner arthrodesis concentrator of Ni‐Ti memory alloy is an effective method for treating carpal collapse and preserving most wrist function.     

Midcarpal arthrodesis with complete scaphoid excision and interposition bone graft in the treatment of advanced carpal collapse (SNAC/SLAC wrist): operative technique and outcome assessment

Thirty-six patients with stage II or III SNAC and SLAC wrists were treated by midcarpal arthrodesis and complete scaphoid excision. When assessed at a mean follow-up of 25 months, pain was significantly reduced both under resting and stress conditions. The active range of motion was 54% of the contralateral wrist and grip strength was 65% of the non-operated hand. The mean DASH score was 28 points, the Mayo wrist score was 63 points, and the Krimmer wrist score was 68. Correlation of the wrist scores with the DASH values demonstrated a significant correlation. Our data demonstrate that midcarpal fusion with complete excision of the scaphoid is a reliable procedure for treating advanced carpal collapse.     

Functional outcome with scaphotrapeziotrapezoid arthrodesis in the treatment of Kienböck's disease stage III

Scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT) arthrodesis for the treatment of Kienb?ck's disease is recommended as a wrist salvage procedure since the publication by Watson and colleagues in 1985. Stage IIIa/b of the Lichtman classification is the specific indication for this operative-procedure. This study reviews the results of 26 patients with stage III of Kienb?ck's disease treated with STT arthrodesis during a 6-year period. From 1993 to 1998, 26 patients (16 men, 10 women) were treated with STT arthrodesis for Kienb?ck's disease in stage IIIa/b. The mean follow-up was 35 months. Two-rung grip strength was measured by using an electronic computerized JAMAR-Dynamometer. Pain was evaluated pre- and postoperatively using a visual analog scale. Patients' activities of daily living and general quality of life were estimated with the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. Also two established wrist scores (Mayo wrist score and Krimmer wrist score) including objective and subjective parameters were used. Fusion was established in 25 patients after an average period of 7 weeks. Pain was reduced substantially to 72% of the preoperative values under resting conditions and 60% under stress. Eight patients claimed complete pain relief. Grip strength improved to 60% of the opposite side. Active range of motion was 65% of extension/flexion and 50% of radial/ulnar deviation on average compared with the contralateral hand. Twenty of the 26 patients were satisfied with the final result and would undergo the operation again. A total of 80% of the patients returned to their original occupation. The average DASH score was 24.8, the Mayo and Krimmer wrist scores averaged 66 and 67.8 points respectively. The procedure combines the advantages of decreasing load to the lunate and maintaining carpal height. Pain was markedly reduced, grip strength improved, and functional wrist mobility was preserved. The data support increasing confidence that STT fusion will stand the test of time.     

Functional results after proximal row carpectomy to salvage a wrist

Proximal row carpectomy is a movement-preserving procedure in the treatment of arthrosis of the wrist. We have retrospectively assessed the objective and subjective functional results after proximal row carpectomy. Assessment of outcome included measurement of range of movement (ROM), grip strength and self-assessment of pain relief with a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Disabilities of arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) questionnaire. Results were graded using the Mayo and Krimmer wrist scores. Fourty-five patients (mean age 48 (30–67) years) were evaluated with a follow-up of 32 (8–115) months. Underlying conditions included: degenerative arthritis secondary to scapholunate advanced collapse deformity, or chronic scaphoid non-union (n=35), Kienböck disease stage III (n=4), chronic perilunate dislocation and fracture-dislocation (n=4), avascular necrosis of the scaphoid (n=1), and severe radiocarpal arthrosis secondary to distal radial fracture (n=1). Active ROM for wrist extension and flexion was 70° and mean radial and ulnar deviation 30.8°. Grip strength was 51% of the unaffected side. The average DASH score was 26. The intensity of the pain, measured by VAS, was reduced by 44% after strenuous activities and by 71% at rest. The Mayo and Krimmer wrist scores were 55 and 62 points indicating good results; 32 patients returned to work and 25 patients to their former occupation. Our results show that proximal row carpectomy is a technically easy operation that preserves a satisfying ROM and pain relief, and is recommended when the head of the capitate and the lunate fossa are not affected by arthrosis.     

Isolated scaphotrapeziotrapezoid osteoarthritis: preliminary results of treatment using a pyrocarbon implant.

The scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT) joint is the second most common site in the wrist affected by degenerative arthritis. STT fusion has been the traditional treatment for patients with isolated STT arthritis but there are concerns about the complication rate and loss of wrist movement post-surgery. The current study presents the results of an interposition arthroplasty using a scaphoid trapezium pyrocarbon implant (STPI, BIOProfile). Ten STPI's were implanted in nine patients (mean age 66, 58-76 years) with isolated STT arthritis. The mean follow-up was 16.4 (3-35) months. Following surgery, VAS pain scores improved significantly and most patients had minimal restrictions in function, with a mean DASH score of 21. The mean wrist flexion-extension arc was 126 degrees and radioulnar deviation was 43 degrees. Mean grip strength was 82% and pinch strength 85% compared to the non-operated side. Patients were highly satisfied with the results of their surgery (mean VAS score 9.1). No surgical complications were encountered and no significant changes in carpal alignment were noted on radiographs. The results of this study suggest that STPI interposition arthroplasty may be a good alternative to STT fusion for isolated STT arthritis.