骨髓单个核细胞移植治疗慢性心力衰竭的疗效观察

目的 探讨自体骨髓单个核细胞移植治疗慢性心力衰竭患者的可行性.方法 人选慢性心力衰竭患者80例,分为骨髓细胞移植组(48例)和标准药物治疗组(32例).骨髓细胞移植组将骨髓单个核细胞悬液在冠状动脉造影时经导管注入冠状动脉内.标准药物治疗组仅采用常规治疗.用超声心动图、血浆脑钠肽(BNP)和单光子发射计算机断层扫描(SPECT)比较两组治疗前后心功能指标和心肌灌注缺损区面积.结果 骨髓细胞移植组和标准药物治疗组治疗前LVEF分别为(42.1±5.8)%、(43.9±6.7)%,术后1年随访分别为(54.1±4.8)%、(49.8±7.7)%;治疗前BNP分别为(699±101)ng/L、(687±95)ng/L,随访分别为(305±78)ng/L、(3994-89)ng/L;治疗前心肌灌注缺损面积分别为(26.8±8.6)%、(26.3±6.5)%,随访分别为(15.8±4.3)%、(20.5±7.8)%,两组随访比较差异均有统计学意义;骨髓细胞移植组术中和术后均无并发症发生.结论 骨髓单个核细胞移植治疗慢性心力衰竭患者安全可行,术后能改善心功能及心肌血流灌注.     

骨髓单个核细胞移植治疗慢性心力衰竭的疗效观察

目的探讨自体骨髓单个核细胞移植治疗慢性心力衰竭患者的可行性。方法入选慢性心力衰竭患者80例，分为骨髓细胞移植组（48例）和标准药物治疗组（32例），骨髓细胞移植组将骨髓单个核细胞悬液在冠状动脉造影时经导管注入冠状动脉内。标准药物治疗组仅采用常规治疗。用超声心动图、血浆脑钠肽（BNP）和单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）比较两组治疗前后心功能指标和心肌灌注缺损区面积。结果骨髓细胞移植组和标准药物治疗组治疗前LVEF分别为（42．1±5．8）％、（43．9±6．7）％，术后1年随访分别为（54．1±4．8）％、（49．8±7．7）％；治疗前BNP分别为（699±101）ng／L、（687±95）ng／L，随访分别为（305±78）ng／L、（399±89）ng／L；治疗前心肌灌注缺损面积分别为（26．8±8．6）％、（26．3±6．5）％，随访分别为（15．8±4．3）％、（20．5±7．8）％，两组随访比较差异均有统计学意义；骨髓细胞移植组术中和术后均无并发症发生。结论骨髓单个核细胞移植治疗慢性心力衰竭患者安全可行，术后能改善心功能及心肌血流灌注。     

经冠状动脉自体骨髓单个核细胞移植对急性前壁心肌梗死左室重构的影响

急诊PCI是急性心肌梗死的首选治疗方法。它可以快速和充分地恢复心肌组织的血流。但冠状动脉一旦闭塞，短时间内心肌坏死很快发生．随着心肌梗死区的纤维化和瘢痕形成，梗死区室壁延展变薄，非梗死区胶原纤维增生，发生左室重构，成为后期心功能不全和心源性死亡的主要原因，因而，细胞移植代替梗死心肌的研究已成为国内外研究热点。故本研究中我们试图应用骨髓单个核细胞通过冠脉法进行移植治疗急性前壁心肌梗死，观察其对左室重构的影响，以评价干细胞移植修复梗死心肌和改善心脏功能的可行性及有无不良反应。     

猪急性心肌梗死后骨髓干细胞自体移植对左心室重构的影响

目的 观察猪心肌梗死(心梗)后冠脉内注射移植骨髓干细胞时心室重_构的影响.方法 前降支球囊封堵法成功建立10头猪急性心肌梗死动物模型,随机均分为安慰刺组和移植组.造模1周后,移植组冠脉内注自体骨髓干细胞,安慰剂组注射1640培养基作为对照.造模前、造模后1周、造模后3月分别行心脏超声和SPECT检查,对比观察骨髓干细胞自体移植对急性心梗后左室重构的影响.结果与安慰剂组相比,移植组造模后3月时左室舒张内径更小,心尖室壁厚度更大,左室舒张末期容积更小,射血分数更高.结论 骨髓干细胞自体移植能有效减轻急性心肌梗死后左室重构.     

高压氧对人脐带华通胶间充质干细胞移植治疗大鼠心肌梗死的效应性研究

目的 探讨高压氧是否能有效提高干细胞治疗急性心肌梗死的移植效应.方法 70只SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为假手术组、心肌梗死(AMI)组、干细胞移植(MSCs)组、高压氧(HBO)组、干细胞移植+高压氧(MSCs+ HBO)组.建立大鼠心肌梗死模型,模型建立后第1天进行高压氧治疗30 d.心肌梗死后第3天进行人脐带华通胶间充质干细胞移植,于干细胞移植后第7天行心肌组织HE染色观察梗死心肌组织病理性变化,干细胞移植后第4周行EDU染色观察移植干细胞的存活及增殖情况,经胸超声心动图检查观察各组心功能状况.结果 (1)干细胞移植后第4周,MSCs+HBO组与MSCs组比较,心肌组织局部干细胞存活增殖率显著增高(276.6±73.8 vs 20.5 ±12.3,P＜0.01);(2)干细胞移植后第7天,AMI组及MSCs组心肌梗死面积及炎性细胞浸润数量均显著高于HBO组及MSCs+ HBO组(P＜0.01);(3)心肌梗死后4周,HBO、MSCs、MSCs+ HBO组较AMI组心功能各指标均有不同程度改善,其中改善最为显著者为MSCs+ HBO组(P＜0.01),但除外舒张末期容积(P＞0.05).结论 高压氧辅助干细胞移植治疗大鼠心肌梗死,心肌炎性损伤显著减轻,心功能明显改善,则提示高压氧能够增强干细胞在受损心肌局部的增殖活性,从而有效提高干细胞治疗AMI的移植效应.     

自体骨髓干细胞在心肌梗死后不同阶段移植对心功能影响的实验研究

目的自体骨髓干细胞移植在观察心肌梗死(心梗)后不同时期的组织学及心脏功能的变化,探讨骨髓干细胞移植的最佳时机。方法将36只雄性青紫兰兔随机分成6组,每组6只:即时移植组(A组),即时对照组(A1),2周后移植组(B组),2周后对照组(B1组),4周后移植组(C组),4周后对照组(C1组)。用液氮冷冻法制成心梗模型。将经5-氮杂胞苷(5-aza)诱导过的骨髓干细胞,于心梗形成后的即时、2周和4周,注射入心梗区。4周后。分别使用M型超声心动图和在体心功能检测系统,检测左心室射血分数(EF)、左室短轴缩短率(FS)、左室收缩压最大变化速率(dp/dt m ax)、收缩末期内径(LVSD)、左室舒张末期内径(LVDD)。结果即时移植的治疗组与对照组比较,左心室射血分数(EF)、左室短轴缩短率(FS)、左室收缩压最大变化速率(dp/dtm ax)、左室收缩末期内径(LVSD)、左室舒张末期内径(LVDD)在治疗组与对照组相比无明显的变化(P>0.05)。4周后治疗组与对照组相比,EF、FS、dp/dtm ax、LVSD、LVDD也无明显变化(P>0.05)。2周后治疗组与对照组、即时治疗组、4周后治疗组相比,EF、FS、dp/dtm ax、LVSD、LVDD有明显的改善(P<0.05)。结论心梗后第2周进行骨髓干细胞移植,可有效的减轻心室扩张,改善心功能。     

脑心通胶囊辅助治疗急性心肌梗死PCI术后疗效及对心功能和心肌相关指标的影响

目的探讨脑心通胶囊辅助急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)急性心肌梗死(AMI)的疗效及对心功能和心肌相关指标的影响。方法选取2018年3月至2019年12月本院收治的行PCI术AMI患者92例,根据随机数字表法分为对照组(常规西医治疗)和联合组(脑心通胶囊辅助西医治疗),每组46例。比较两组疗效、心功能、心肌指标、梗死面积、心肌梗死溶栓治疗(TIMI)血流分级及不良反应。结果联合组临床总有效率为93.48%,高于对照组的71.74%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后4 w,两组左室射血分数(LVEF)、TIMI血流分级3级人数比例升高,左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、梗死面积、TIMI血流分级0～2级人数比例降低,同时联合组改善优于对照组,上述差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论脑心通胶囊辅助治疗AMI可有效改善急诊PCI患者心功能,减轻心肌损伤,降低梗死面积,改善缺血再灌注情况,安全可靠,值得推广。     

经冠状动脉自体骨髓单个核细胞移植治疗前壁心肌梗死的临床研究

目的评价经冠状动脉内注射自体骨髓单个核细胞治疗前壁心肌梗死的有效性。方法共有39例前壁心肌梗死患者人选本组,其中23例为细胞移植组,16例为对照组。两组患者均接受标准的介入治疗和药物治疗,细胞移植组患者同时接受自体骨髓单个核细胞移植。两组患者均接受6个月的临床随访及6min步行试验和超声心动图检查。结果6个月的检查结果提示,细胞移植组患者的左室射血分数与常规治疗组相比有显著统计学差异。结论经冠状动脉注入自体骨髓单个核细胞可以促进前壁心肌梗死患者左室功能恢复。     

经指引导管冠状动脉内注射重组人尿激酶原联合经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的效果

目的 分析经指引导管冠状动脉内注射重组人尿激酶原（recombinant human pro-urokinase,rhPro-uk）联合经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术（percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI）治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction,STEMI）患者的效果。方法 选取河南神火集团总医院2021年10月至2023年10月诊治的115例STEMI患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为两组,均行PCI治疗,对照组57例经指引导管到位导丝通过病变后给予冠状动脉内替罗非班治疗,观察组58例经指引导管在冠状动脉内注射rhPro-uk,比较两组术后90 min ST段回落率、PCI术后心肌梗死溶栓治疗临床试验（thrombolysis in myocardial infarction,TIMI）血流分级及心肌灌注分级、治疗前及治疗后1 d的心肌受损程度[肌酸激酶同工酶（creatine kinase isoenzymes-MB,CKMB）、血清肌钙蛋白I (cardiac tropo...     

血清同型半胱氨酸水平对急性心肌梗死介入治疗患者预后的影响

目的 观察血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平对急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术(PCI)后的心肌灌注及预后的影响.方法 对心内科接受直接PCI治疗的96例资料完整的急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者进行了回顾性分析,根据患者血清Hcy水平分为2组:A组Hcy＜15 μmol/L,B组Hcy≥15 μmol/L.评估PCI术后TIMI血流分级及TMPG心肌灌注分级;发病后1周内行超声心动图检查测定左心室射血分数(LVEF),评价心脏收缩功能.结果 冠脉造影结果中两支及以上血管病变的比例两组差别无统计学意义(分别为48.1%,65.9%,P＞0.05).PCI术后梗死相关血管TIMI血流分级3级两组无明显差异(分别为90.4%,90.9%,P＞0.05),心肌灌注分级(TMPG)0～2级A组低于B组(分别为21.2%,45.5%,P＜0.05),3级A组高于B组(分别为78.8%,54.5%,P＜0.05).PCI术后1周内超声心动图A组LVEF高于B组[分别为(56.6±8.9)%,(49.0±8.1)%,P＜0.01].结论 血清Hcy水平可能影响急性ST段抬高性心肌梗死患者在介入治疗后的心肌灌注与心功能.     

Calcium intake in the elderly: validation of a dietary questionnaire

Epidemiological studies of calcium and osteoporosis have been hampered by the lack of a suitable tool for assessing calcium intake. This report describes a new frequency and amount questionnaire for measuring present and past calcium intake in the elderly. The validity of the questionnaire was tested against two commonly used standards of dietary assessment, five-day duplicate diets and seven-day weighed dietary inventories. The resulting correlation coefficients were, respectively, r = 0.76 and r = 0.69, while that for repeatability was r = 0.84. Furthermore, the questionnaire categorized subjects into thirds of the distribution of intake with almost no gross misclassification. It is suggested that the present findings may be extended to the majority of normal, healthy elderly subjects, implying wide application for the questionnaire in the assessment of calcium intake in the elderly.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

深圳公立医院管理体制改革制度设计

深圳公立医院管理体制改革实行政事分开、管办分开,在理事会架构下按法定机构模式组建市医管中心,落实公立医院运营管理自主权.作者从当前公立医院管理体制的弊端入手,介绍了深圳市进行公立医院管理体制改革的基本思路及改革方案设计的主要举措,深入剖析了的改革方案的特点,并对改革效果进行了预测.     

Effects of nitrogen dioxide on red blood cells of rats: Changes in components of red cell membranes during in vivo exposure to NO2

Red cell membranes, prepared from red blood cells of rats exposed to 4, 10, or 20 ppm nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) for 1 to 10 days, were examined for evidence of changes in membrane components. Appreciable changes were not found in contents of phospholipid and cholesterol during exposure to 10 ppm NO₂. By contrast, protein content altered with the time of exposure. Moreover, changes in protein composition were observed by employing sodium dodecyl sulfate — polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four-hour exposure to NO₂ at the concentration above 10 ppm resulted in a marked increase in the percentage of lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE) to the total phospholipids. The prolonged exposure to 10 ppm NO₂ gave rise to a further increase in LysoPE, whereas the percentage of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) showed a gradual decrease. A 1-day exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂ also caused an increase in sialic acid content and decreases in those of PE and hexose. In addition to contents of these components the percentage of LysoPE increased 5 days after exposure and the elevated values were maintained up to the end of exposure period. These results demonstrate that red blood cells in circulation exhibit different membrane properties in terms of lipid and carbohydrate composition during 10 days of exposure to 4.0 ppm NO₂.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.