Seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus infection and its association with natural infection of hepatitis B virus among preschool children in Taiwan

Taiwan is a hyperendemic area of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection where chronic hepatitis B is the most important cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatoma. Since, diagnostic kit for detecting hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been developed, HCV was found to be another important etiology of chronic liver disease. In order to study the seroprevalence of HCV infection among preschool children after mass hepatitis B vaccination program in Taiwan, a community-based survey was carried out in 54 kindergartens in 10 urban areas, 10 rural areas, and two aboriginal areas randomly selected through stratified sampling. Serum specimens of 2538 preschool children were screened for the HCV antibodies (anti-HCV) by a commercially available third-generation microparticle enzyme immunoassay and for HBV markers by radioimmunoassay methods. The multivariate-adjusted odd ratios (OR_m) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated through the multiple logistic regression analysis. A total of 58 children were anti-HCV seropositive, giving a prevalence of 2.3%. The prevalence of anti-HCV was 1.0% (5 of 484) among aboriginal children, a significantly decreased seroprevalence compared with those among other ethnic groups after multivariate adjustment. Boys had a higher anti-HCV seroprevalence, but not statistically significantly different from girls (OR_m: 1.6; 95% CI: 0.9–2.8; p = 0.08). The seroprevalence of the age group of 3–4 years was lower than that of the age group of 5–6 years (OR_m: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.1–4.2; p = 0.02). After multivariate adjustment, preschool children with natural HBV infection had a higher anti-HCV seroprevalence, but not statistically significantly different from those without natural HBV-infection (OR_m: 2.6; 95% CI: 0.9–7.4; p = 0.08 for HBV-infected vs. uninfected). HCV infection varies with gender, residential area, and natural HBV infection. HCV and HBV might share common transmission routes in Taiwan.     

北京市4 055名健康儿童丙型肝炎血清流行病学调查

目的 了解北京市城区儿童中丙型肝炎的发病情况。方法 对北京市４个城区４０５５名健康儿童用ＥＬＩＳＡ法进行丙型肝炎病毒抗体（抗－ＨＣＶ）检测。结果 抗－ＨＣＶ阳性１４人,同时伴丙型肝炎病毒核糖核酸阳性４人,ＨＣＶ感染率为０．３５％。各城区、各年龄组、男女性儿童间ＨＣＶ感染率比较差异无显性。但有输血、注射人血球蛋白等史与无上述历史组对比,ＨＣＶ感染率差异有极显性。１４例抗－ＨＣＶ阳性儿童的父母检     

深圳市某区学龄前儿童丙型肝炎血清流行病学调查

目的:C型肝炎目前并未有疫苗预防接种,因此对C型肝炎的流行情况、尤其是C型肝炎病毒的致病机转及感染途径方面的探讨,以其切断感染源,是为迫切需要。方法:以多步骤抽样法在区、街道中心与郊乡地区筛检54所幼儿园。从静脉采血取得血清,以自动化仪器测试肝功能指针研究数据,以SPSS软件系统做统计分析。结果:有19位儿童为C型肝炎抗体阳性,占2.3%。男孩的C型肝炎抗体流行率比女孩高,但经统计学处理无显著差异(ORm:1.6;95%CI:0.9～2.8;P=0.08)。3～4岁年龄段的流行率比5～6岁低(ORm:2.2;95%CI:1.1～4.2;P=0.02)。经多变项调整分析后,具C型肝炎抗体流行率的儿童且受B型肝炎病毒自然感染的比未被感染的高,但经统计学处理无显著差异(ORm:2.6;95%CI:0.9～7.4;P=0.08 for HBV-infected vs.uninfected)。结论:在龙岗区,C型肝炎病毒的感染与B型肝炎病毒自然的感染,除了性别与居住地外,应该还有更多的共同传染途径存在。另外,为数不少的居民相信药物注射比口服治疗快,尤其是对儿童的治疗,因此间接造成C型肝炎病毒感染的数量增加。     

中国丙型肝炎血清流行病学研究

目的 了解中国现阶段丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染现状。方法利用中国疾病预防控制中心“2006年中国乙型病毒性肝炎血清流行病学调查”保留的血清,以美国Murex 3.0和Ortho 3.0抗-HCV试剂为金标准建立标准血清库,筛选中国抗-HCV检测试剂,并用Chiron HCVRIBA 3.0复核检测结果。结果 中国1～ 59岁人群抗-HCV调整流行率为0.43％(95％CI:0.33％～0.53％),男性和女性抗-HCV流行率分别为0.46％和0.40％,城市和农村人群经调整后均为0.43％。东、中和西部地区人群抗-HCV流行率分别为0.37％（95％CI:0.21％～0.53％）、0.67％(95％CI:0.40％～0.94％)和0.31％ (95％CI:0.20％ ～ 0.42％),3个地区人群抗-HCV流行率的差异无统计学意义;南方和北方地区人群抗-HCV流行率分别为0.29％(95％CI:0.21％～0.52％)和0.53％(95％CI:0.38％ ～ 0.64％)。结论经综合性防治,目前中国属丙型肝炎低流行区。     

河南省丙型肝炎流行特征研究

目的了解现阶段河南省普通人群丙型肝炎感染状况和流行特征.方法采用多阶段抽样方法,于2012年4-7月在18个省辖市抽取30个县(区),每县(区)抽取2个调查点,对1 ～75周岁的普通人群进行问卷调查,并采集静脉血标本检测丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)抗体和核酸.结果共调查32 203人,1 ～ 75周岁人群抗-HCV、HCV RNA调整流行率分别为0.64%和0.35%,男女性抗-HCV调整流行率分别为0.60%和0.68%,HCV RNA流行率分别为0.37%和0.33%,抗-HCV阳性率和HCV-RNA阳性率均呈现随年龄增加而增长的趋势;城市人群抗-HCV和HCVRNA阳性率分别为0.58%和0.32%,农村人群分别为0.41%和0.19%.结论经综合防治措施实施,目前河南省属丙型肝炎低流行区,流行呈整体水平较低、个别地区高的特点.     

中国城市儿童哮喘危险因素分析

目的分析中国城市儿童哮喘特征及其危险因素。方法采用成组病例对照研究,以2010年全国43个城市0～14岁儿童哮喘调查中临床确诊的全部哮喘病例为病例组(12 450人),与病例年龄、性别匹配者为对照组(14 500人),采用全国统一设计、以ISAAC(TheInternational Study ofAsthma andAllergies in Childhood)环境因素问卷为基础的哮喘调查问卷,通过Z检验、广义线性混合效应模型(GLMM)分析阐述儿童哮喘的危险因素。结果纳入调查对象共计26 950人(男：女=1.55：1)。经GLMM分析,年龄、民族、性别、过敏史、家族史、母亲职业、抗生素用药史、早产、剖宫产、蛋白辅食添加时间、烹词燃料、使用空调、房屋装修、家人吸居室霉斑及家庭种植花草为中国城市儿童哮喘的主要影响因素(P<0.05);部分危险因素对新发病例和现患病例影响程度不同,室内种植花草对新发哮喘(OR=2.09,95%CI：1.30～3.36)和现患哮喘(OR=O.80,95%C1：O.74一O.86)影响的差异有统计学意义。哮喘危险因素冈年龄而异,<3岁组哮喘主要影响素为过敏、感染、气味刺激和早产(OR=1.72,95%CI：1.42。2.08),3。5岁组的危险因素增加了性别(OR=1.18,95%CI：1.03-1.35)、低出生体重(OR=1.69,95%CI：1.17～2.44)和剖宫产(OR=1.26,95%CI：1.10～2.45)：_6～14岁组的危险因素增加了年龄(OR=O.97,95%CI：0.95～O.99)、民族(0冠=1.61,95%C7：1.26一,2.06)和迁居(O露=1.68,95%Chl.39-2.03)。结论中国儿童哮喘的危险因素包括遗传、过敏、感染和其他环境因素,其机制有待进一步专题研究。     

广西壮族自治区16岁以上高中生丙型肝炎病毒感染状况调查

目的 了解广西壮族自治区16岁以上中学生丙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis C virus，HCV）感染状况及其相关影响因素，为丙型肝炎的预防控制提供科学的理论依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法，按地理分布从广西的玉林、南宁、百色、桂林、柳州五个地区抽取2 632名16岁以上高中生，抽静脉血5 ml，采用酶联免疫吸附测定（enzyme-linked immune absorbent assay，ELISA）方法检测抗-HCV，用描述流行病学方法研究丙肝病毒感染的流行特征，用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析丙肝感染的相关因素。结果 2 632例样本的HCV抗体阳性率为0.84%，男生抗-HCV阳性率为0.73%（6/823），女生阳性率为0.89%（16/1 800），东部（玉林）为1.03%（9/877），西部（百色）为0.66%（3/457），中部（柳州）为1.28% （3/234），北部（桂林）为0.79%（4/509），南部（南宁）为0.54%（3/555），性别和地区差异均无统计学意义（均有P>0.05）。单因素及多因素分析结果显示，公用牙刷史和有内窥镜检查是丙肝感染的高危因素（OR=3.078，95% CI:1.174~48.074，P=0.022；OR=4.182，95% CI:1.328~13.170，P=0.015）。结论 广西高中生丙肝病毒感染是一个重要的公共卫生问题，学生要提高自我保护意识，拒绝共用牙刷，医疗机构要加强医疗器械的消毒，积极开展预防丙型肝炎病毒感染宣传教育，防止医源性传播。     

The prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in Hail region, Saudi Arabia

The prevalence of subjects positive for anti-HCV antibodies was studied at Hail region Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The study involved 8862 subjects tested for anti-HCV antibodies at King Khalid General Hospital during the years 1994-Using Elisa, a total prevalence of 5.09% positive subjects was found. The disease is shown to be mainly acquired at school age and adulthood. Unlike hepatitis B virus, vertical transmission among preschool children does not seem to have an important role in transmission of HCV virus. Egyptians had a high prevalence of 26% as compared to other expatriates. Blood donors had a prevalence of 4.3% which is higher than that reported from other regions in Saudi Arabia. Medical staff had a prevalence rate of 2.2% indicating a relatively low risk of infection. Dialysis patients had a prevalence of 6.9% which is lower than that reported from other regions in Saudi Arabia. The higher prevalence of HCV infection in Hail (which has a lower socioeconomic status) compared to those in Riyadh and Eastern province suggests the possibility of other modes of transmission.     

河南省新报告HIV感染者中丙型肝炎病毒感染状况及其影响因素分析

目的 了解河南省新报告HIV感染者中丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染情况及其相关影响因素。方法 对2012年7月1日至2013年6月30日河南省所有新确证上报的HIV-1感染者进行信息整理、HIV-1 BED新发感染检测和HCV抗体检测。结果 河南省该期间新确证上报2 049例HIV-1感染者中HCV抗体阳性率为14.87%（271/1 887），BED阳性比例（新发感染比例）为26.34%（497/1 887）。新发HIV-1感染者中HCV抗体阳性率较既往HIV-1感染者低，20～39岁组HIV-1感染者的HCV抗体阳性率较其他年龄组低，个别地区HIV-1感染者的HCV抗体阳性率较高，经注射吸毒感染HIV-1者中HCV抗体阳性率较高。结论 新发感染、年龄、传播途径和地区分布是河南省新报告HIV-1感染者中HCV感染率的影响因素，应有针对性地开展此人群的丙型肝炎防治工作。     

Changing prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among teenagers in an endemic area in Taiwan

Tzukuan Township in Taiwan has been reported to be an endemic area for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection both in adults and adolescents. The maritime part of the township carries a higher prevalence than the non-maritime part and, as a consequence, several public education strategies have been introduced during the past decade. The current follow-up study aimed to clarify the changing prevalence of HCV infection among teenagers in the endemic maritime part of Tzukuan. In addition to viral hepatitis markers and biochemical profiles, we compared the epidemiological characteristics of 887 and 394 teenagers (aged 13-16 years) from the maritime part enrolled in 1995 and 2005, respectively. Compared with the results of surveillance in 1995, the prevalence of anti-HCV seropositivity (1.0% vs. 2.8%; P=0.045) and HCV RNA (0.5% vs. 2.3%; P=0.026) had decreased significantly by 2005. Transfusions and anti-HCV-positive families were the main risk factors amongst the 25 anti-HCV-positive teenagers in 1995, and became non-significant amongst the four anti-HCV-positive teenagers in 2005. In conclusion, the seroprevalence of HCV infection has significantly decreased after one decade of intervention among the teenage population in this endemic area.     

Prevalence of hepatitis C in a German prison for young men in relation to country of birth

A high prevalence of hepatitis C (HCV) virus infection of up to 80% has been reported for injecting drug users (IDUs) in prison communities. However, there are only very limited data available on the prevalence and course of HCV in young offenders. We performed a study on hepatitis C markers in the largest German Young Offenders' Institution (YOI), a prison for men (aged 16-24 years). In 2002, all 1176 incoming offenders were asked to participate in the study of whom >95% agreed. Ninety-seven inmates (8.6%) tested positive for anti-HCV or HCV RNA, 79% of whom were viraemic. None of the patients had evidence of cirrhosis at presentation. Interestingly, six individuals (6%) tested positive for HCV RNA in the absence of anti-HCV antibodies, four of whom cleared HCV spontaneously during follow-up without either clinical signs of acute hepatitis or developing HCV antibodies. Hepatitis C markers were significantly more prevalent among immigrants from the former Soviet Union (NIS) than among German inmates (31% vs. 6% respectively, P<0.0001). HIV co-infection was found in five individuals, all of whom were German. In contrast, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was detected in five NIS immigrants, one Lebanese and one German inmate. HCV genotypes 2 and 3 were more prevalent in immigrants than in German inmates, while biochemical parameters did not differ significantly between the two groups. In conclusion, the prevalence of hepatitis C was relatively low among inmates of German YOIs although there were significant differences in relation to the country of birth. Our data highlight the need for educational programmes for young offenders in order to prevent the further spread of HCV.     

High prevalence of HCV infection among the general population in a rural area of central Italy

The hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) is the most frequent cause of hepatic infection in Europe. In Italy, anti-HCV positivity values are extremely variable, depending on the age and geographic location of the population being analysed. The aims of the study were: (1) evaluating positivity for anti-HCV antibodies in various age groups and determining the HBsAg in a mountainous and predominantly farming area in central Italy; (2) assessing some anamnestic and clinical variables through a questionnaire, submitted during the taking of blood samples, in order to determine HCV exposure and risk factors for the target population. 344 subjects selected by random sampling among 3308 people, older than 16, were considered as the target population. A prevalence study was carried out. The sources of data were: blood samples taken to carry out the HCV positivity test; a questionnaire including items about exposures at risk and case-historical and clinical patient data. The risk of infection was evaluated by a multiple logistic regression model. The inferred HCV+ prevalence rate is 22.4/100 (95% confidence interval (CI): 20.8–24.1). An increasing age trend is shown with a higher positive predominance among females (28.99/100 vs. 14.29/100 in males). The positive HBsAg prevalence in the examined survey is 1.2/100. Variables associated with the HCV occurrence are case history of pneumonopathy (OR: 4.9) and exposure to parenteral therapies with glass syringes (OR: 3.3). This study is consistent with literature about the hypothesis of a north-south geographic gradient in the hepatitis C occurrence in Italy. Data clearly show the effects of the inappropriate use of medical or surgery practices on the population, with particular reference to the use of glass syringes. No elements prove that the farming features of the area may be predictive of HCV infection risk. The extent of the recorded prevalence values calls for the implementation of programmes aimed at detecting clusters or population areas at risk.     

Hepatitis C virus infection among short-term intravenous drug users in southern Taiwan

The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with duration of drug use and other risk factors among drug users. This survey covered 899 male drug users from Kaohsiung Narcotic Abstention Institute and Kaohsiung prison. The prevalence of positive anti-HCV was 67.2% among intravenous drug users (IVDU) and 14.7% among non-intravenous drug users (non-IVDU). Among intravenous (IV) drug users, age and duration of drug use were independently related to HCV seropositivity. Seroprevalence rate for HCV in the IVDU group increased with increasing duration of injection use within the first seven years of drug use. However, the steepest trajectory in seroprevalence of HCV infection occurred within the first four months. Due to the high rate of HCV infection among drug users, investigation of risk behaviors should be routine in such a group. A high frequency of HCV infection was also found among short-term injectors, which indicated that early risk reduction intervention was an important measure in moderating HCV infection.     

南京地区强制戒毒人群HCV感染的流行病学调查

目的：了解南京地区吸毒人群中丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染现状,分析吸毒方式、社会特征、性行为特征等和HCV感染的关系,为制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法：以南京市强制戒毒所587名戒毒人员作为调查对象,制定统一的调查问卷进行调查,并采集静脉血检测HCV抗体。结果：587名吸毒者HCV抗体总阳性率为61．7％。毒品滥用的种类、方式、滥用时间长短是HCV感染率高低的重要影响因素。静脉注射毒品组显著高于其他方式组（X^2=138．97,P=0．000）;吸食海洛因者显著高于吸食其他毒品者（X^2=76．82,P=0．000）;吸毒时间长短与HCV感染率呈趋势性相关（X^2=104．37,P=0．000）;而是否共用注射器及共用频率与HCV感染率未见显著性差异（X^2=0．00,P=0．958;X^2=0．41,P=0．524）。该人群不同性别、民族和职业间HCV感染率无显著性差异,而不同年龄和文化程度之间有显著性差异（X^2=6．44,P=0．011;X^2=8．41,P=0．004）。安全套的使用在遏制吸毒人群HCV感染方面具有着重要的作用。结论：南京地区吸毒人群的HCV感染率总体较高,多个性伴侣,安全套使用率低,以及静脉注射吸毒等高危行为普遍存在,应采取综合干预措施,控制HCV的传播,降低感染率。     

Incidence and risk factors for community-acquired hepatitis C infection from birth to 5 years of age in rural Egyptian children

A prospective study in three Egyptian villages (A, B and C) having a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection examined incidence of community-acquired HCV infection in children; 2852 uninfected infants were prospectively followed from birth for up to 5.5 years. Fifteen seroconverted for either HCV antibodies and/or HCV-RNA (incidence of 0.53%). Ten had both anti-HCV and HCV-RNA; four had only anti-HCV; and one had HCV-RNA in the absence of antibody. The incidence rate at all ages was 2.7/1000 person-years (PY). It was 3.8/1000 PY during infancy and 2.0/1000 PY for the 1-5-years age group. Hospitalization and low birth weight increased the risk of infection; while living in village B, the family having a higher socioeconomic status, and advanced maternal education were protective. Six of eight HCV-infected infants reported iatrogenic exposures (e.g. hospitalization, therapeutic injections, ear piercing) prior to infection whereas only 2/7 children older than 1 year reported these exposures. Having an HCV-positive mother was the only other reported risk in two of these older children. The virus cleared in six (40%) children by the end of follow-up. Health education targeting iatrogenic exposures and focusing on risk factors could reduce HCV infection in children in high-risk populations.     

某农村人群甲、乙、丙、戊和庚型肝炎病毒感染的现况研究

目的　了解某农村人群甲、乙、丙、戊和庚型肝炎病毒的感染状况及其流行特点。方法　应用酶联免疫试验 (EIA)检测血清抗 -HAV、HBsAg、抗 -HBs、抗 -HBc、抗 -HCV、抗 -HEV和抗 -HGV ,并对抗 -HGV阳性者应用套式逆转录聚合酶链反应法 (RT -nPCR)检测HGVRNA。结果　该人群抗 -HAV、抗 -HCV、抗 -HEV和抗 -HGV流行率分别为 86.9%、11.5 %、2 .9%和 1.8% ,HBsAg阳性率为8.0 % ,HBV总感染率为 5 4.8%。HAV以 5岁以下儿童感染率最低 ( 35 .0 % ) ,到 10岁时 85 .0 %的儿童已感染HAV。HBsAg阳性率呈现两个高峰 ,分别在 5～ 9岁和 40～ 49岁年龄组 ;HBV总感染率到 10岁时为 5 5 .0 % ,然后随年龄增长而上升。HCV感染主要集中在 2 0～ 49岁年龄组 (占 77.8% )。各型肝炎病毒男女感染率无明显差异。献浆次数、年限与HCV、HEV、HGV感染呈正相关。HBsAg、抗 -HBc、抗 -HCV呈现家庭聚集性 ,但仅HBsAg呈现母亲与子女相关。抗 -HCV阳性者中ALT异常率 ( 15 .9% )显著高于抗 -HCV阴性者 ( 1.2 % ,P <0 .0 1)。结论　该人群甲、乙、丙、戊和庚型肝炎病毒感染具有不同的流行病学特点 ;献血浆是该人群HCV、HEV和HGV感染的主要危险因素 ;抗 -HCV阳性者多伴有肝损害     

Prevalence and incidence of hepatitis C virus infection in the US military: a seroepidemiologic survey of 21,000 troops

Because of a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (10-20%) among veterans seeking care in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals, current US military forces were evaluated for HCV infection. Banked serum samples were randomly selected from military personnel serving in 1997 and were tested for antibody to HCV (anti-HCV). Overall prevalence of anti-HCV among 10,000 active-duty personnel was 0.48% (5/1,000 troops); prevalence increased with age from 0.1% among military recruits and active-duty personnel aged <30 years to 3.0% among troops aged >/=40 years. Prevalence among 2,000 Reservists and active-duty troops was similar. Based on sequential serum samples from 7,368 active-duty personnel (34,020 person-years of observation), annual incidence of infection was 2/10,000. Of 81 HCV RNA-positive troops for whom genotype was determined, genotypes 1a (63%) and 1b (22%) predominated, as in the civilian population. These data indicate that HCV infection risk among current military forces is lower than in VA studies and the general civilian population aged <40 years. The low level of HCV infection may be attributed to infrequent injection drug use in the military due to mandatory testing for illicit drugs prior to induction and throughout military service.     

吉林省延边州丙型病毒性肝炎感染现况调查

目的了解吉林省延边朝鲜族自治州居民中丙型病毒性肝炎(HCV)感染情况。方法延边州8县市随机抽取802人进行抗-HCV检测。结果被调查者中抗-HCV阳性率为10.6%,抗-HCV阳性率随年龄的增长上升;农民中抗体阳性率为19.74%,汉族阳性率为3.3%,朝鲜族为21.17%,文化程度文盲及小学的抗体阳性率为21.7%。结论延边州抗-HCV阳性率较高;高年龄组、农民、朝鲜族以及文化程度低的人群抗体阳性率高。     

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Infection in New York City, 2004

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease in the United States. Accurate hepatitis C prevalence estimates are important to guide local public health programs but are usually unavailable to local health jurisdictions. National surveys may not reflect local variation, a particular challenge for urban settings with disproportionately large numbers of residents in high-risk population groups. In 2004, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene conducted the NYC Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a population-based household survey of non-institutionalized NYC residents ages 20 and older. Study participants were interviewed and blood specimens were tested for antibody to HCV (anti-HCV); positive participants were re-contacted to ascertain awareness of infection and to provide service referrals. Of 1,786 participants with valid anti-HCV results, 35 were positive for anti-HCV, for a weighted prevalence of 2.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5% to 3.3%). Anti-HCV prevalence was high among participants with a lifetime history of injection drug use (64.5%, 95% CI 39.2% to 83.7%) or a lifetime history of incarceration as an adult (8.4%, 95% CI 4.3% to 15.7%). There was a strong correlation with age; among participants born between 1945 and 1954, the anti-HCV prevalence was 5.8% (95% CI 3.3% to 10.0%). Of anti-HCV positive participants contacted (51%), 28% (n = 5) first learned of their HCV status from this survey. Continued efforts to prevent new infections in known risk behavior groups are essential, along with expansion of HCV screening and activities to prevent disease progression in people with chronic HCV.     

浙江省台州市新报告成年HIV感染者中HCV合并感染研究

目的 了解浙江省台州市2009-2012年新报告成年HIV感染者中合并感染HCV的情况, 分析HIV/HCV合并感染者中血浆HCV病毒载量水平。 方法 对2009-2012年浙江省台州市新报告的572例成年HIV感染者检测HCV抗体, 并对HCV抗体阳性的标本进行HCV RNA定量检测。 结果 共有42例HCV抗体检测阳性, HIV感染者中HCV合并感染率为7.3%(95%CI: 5.2%~9.5%)。46~86岁HIV感染者的HCV合并感染率显著低于18~45岁年龄组(OR=0.12, 95%CI: 0.02~0.58);高中及以上文化程度的HIV感染者HCV合并感染率显著低于小学及以下文化程度者(OR=0.13, 95%CI: 0.02~0.78);经血传播HIV感染者HCV合并感染率显著高于异性传播HIV感染者(OR=49.46, 95%CI: 13.71~178.48);同性传播HIV感染者HCV合并感染率则低于异性传播HIV感染者(OR=0.11, 95%CI: 0.01~0.86)。42例HIV/HCV合并感染者中33例(78.6%)血浆HCV病毒载量在检测限以上, HCV复制相对活跃, 其中HBsAg阳性者血浆HCV RNA检出率(100%)显著高于HBsAg阴性者(75.7%)(P=0.002)。9例(21.4%)血浆HCV病毒载量则低于检测下限(5.0×10² IU/ml), 处于相对抑制状态。单因素logistic回归分析未发现HIV/HCV合并感染者HCV相对抑制率与其社会人口学特征、HIV传播途径、CD₄⁺T淋巴细胞计数等有关联。 结论 浙江省台州市HIV感染者中HCV感染率较高, 多数HIV/HCV合并感染者血浆HCV病毒载量也较高, 其对病情进展影响有待持续观察。