CD8+CD28-NRP-1+ T细胞在肾移植手术后患者外周血中的比例变化及意义

用流式细胞仪分别检测不同功能状态下肾移植术后患者体内的CD8+CD28-NRP-1+ Ts细胞和CD8+CD28- Foxp3+ Ts细胞,通过比较两类细胞的阳性表达率初步探讨它们之间的表达关系和意义.选取正常健康人10例,移植肾功能稳定的长期存活者24例,慢性移植物肾病者20例,急性排斥者15例,取受试者外周静脉血,分离单个核细胞,利用流式细胞仪检测CD8+CD28-NRP-1+ Ts细胞和CD8+CD28- Foxp3+ Ts细胞在CD8+CD28-T细胞群中的比例.结果表明组间比较得出,CD8+CD28-NRP-1+ Ts细胞和CD8+CD28-Foxp3+ Ts细胞比例在四组之间均有统计学差异(P＜0.05).其中在长期存活组表达量最高,其CD8+CD28-NRP-1+ Ts细胞和CD8+CD28- Foxp3+ Ts的比例分别为16.15%±1.49%和11.90%±2.73%,其次为正常健康人(13.83%±2.38%、9.44%±2.03%),然后为慢性移植物肾病组(8.03%±2.67%、5.26%±0.65%),而急排组最低(3.34%±1.73%、2.36%±1.14%),并且四组间这两种细胞呈同一变化趋势且前者的变化幅度大于后者.组内比较显示,CD8+CD28-NRP-1+ Ts细胞比例均高于CD8+CD28- Foxp3+ Ts细胞(P＜0.05).CD8+CD28-NRP-1+ Ts细胞可以从整体水平上反映肾移植术后患者的免疫状态,它比CD8+CD28- Foxp3+ Ts细胞更能全面的反映术后患者的预后情况.     

Neuropilin-1在CD4+ CD25+ T细胞上的表达

目的 探讨neuropilin-1(NRPl)在外周血中CIM+ CD25+ T细胞上的表达以及意义.方法 收集肾移植术后长期存活、慢性移植物肾病和急性排斥患者以及健康成年人的外周血,分离外周血淋巴细胞,用流式细胞仪检测外周血淋巴细胞中CD4+ CD25+ T细胞上NRPl和Foxp3的阳性细胞的百分比.结果 各组CD4+ CD25+ T细胞NRPl的表达率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);各组CD4+ CD25+ T细胞Foxp3的表达率差异亦有统计学意义(P＜0.05).长期存活组CD4+ CD25+ T细胞上NRP1和Foxp3表达率分别为19.6%±3.84%、50.19 ±3.90%,显著高于对照及慢性移植物肾病和急性排斥组(P＜0.05);急性排斥组的CD4+ CD25+ T细胞NRP1和Foxp3表达率最低4.64%±1.26%、17.24%±5.29%.各组CD4+ CD25+ T细胞NRP1表达变化趋势与Foxp3变化趋势相同.结论 NRP1在长期存活组的外周血淋巴细胞中CD4+ CD25+ T细胞的表达上调,在急性排斥组时表达下调,且其在各组的表达变化趋势与Foxp3的表达变化趋势是一致的,这就提示CD4+ CD25+ NRP1+ 细胞是一群调节性T细胞,即NRP1是CD4+ CD25+ Treg的一个重要的表面标志.     

抗CD25单克隆抗体对CD4+CD25high调节性T细胞的影响

目的 评价抗CD25单克隆抗体对活体肾移植受者外周血CD4 CD25high调节性T细胞(Treg)的影响.方法 观察14例活体肾移植受者外周血CD4 CD25high T细胞百分比和FoxP3mRNA表达水平的变化,应用流式细胞仪FACS Calibur和CellQuest软件行双色流式细胞计数和结果分析,半定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)对肾移植受者外周血单个核细胞(MNC)的FoxP3基因水平进行检测.结果 在移植术后3d、13d,CD4 CD25high T细胞占CD4 比例显著升高;在移植后1个月内,CD4 CD25high T细胞比例升高约至原来的3倍.移植术后13d、17d、27d时外周血FoxP3 mRNA表达明显高于移植术后3d.在肾移植术后的不同时间抗CD25单克隆抗体使用组受者的CD25 T细胞百分比明显低于对照组(未使用抗CD25单克隆抗体).抗CD25单克隆抗体使用组与对照组两组间比较,术后3d、13d,抗CD25单克隆抗体组CD4 CD25high T细胞占CD4 的比例明显降低,术后3d对照组、抗CD25单克隆抗体使用组分别为1.24%±0.15%、2.25%±0.24%,P=0.00;术后13d为3.75%±0.38%、7.28%±0.51%,P=0.00.然而,术后17d、27d后,抗CD25单克隆抗体使用组的CD4 CD25high T恢复到对照组水平,两组间CD4 CD25high T细胞占CD4 的比例无统计学差异,即第17d为3.72%、0.26%、4.43%、0.44%,P=0.17,27d为9.00%±0.30%、8.31%±0.33%,P=0.16.在肾移植术后不同时间,受者外周血FoxP3mRNA表达水平在两组之间相似,无统计学差异,说明FoxP3mRNA表达水平并没有受到体内注射抗CD25单克隆抗体影响.结论 抗CD25单克隆抗体的使用对活体肾移植受者外周血CD4 CD25high调节性T细胞在一定时间具有暂时性的影响,而FoxP3 mRNA表达水平没有受到影响.     

巨细胞病毒感染下调肾移植受者NK细胞CD226和CD16的表达

目的探讨肾移植术后巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染对自然杀伤(NK)细胞活化性受体CD226以及CD16表达的影响。方法采用流式细胞术分别检测肾移植术后CMV感染期和稳定期、肾移植术后稳定期受者和健康对照者NK细胞CD226和CD16的表达。结果肾移植受者发生CMV感染者与CMV感染恢复期、稳定受者组和健康对照组NK细胞占淋巴细胞比例均无明显差异。但CMV感染组外周血CD226~+NK细胞占NK细胞比例为(75.06±13.65)%,显著低于健康对照的(88.28±11.98)%和肾功能稳定组的(87.53±6.43)%;感染恢复期患者CD226~+NK细胞比例恢复至(88.37±8.91)%,与稳定受者组和健康对照组均无显著差异。CMV感染组的NK细胞CD226平均荧光强度(MFI)与稳定受者组和健康对照组均无显著差别,而CMV感染恢复期患者NK细胞CD226的MFI明显高于上述3组。CMV感染组CD16~+NK细胞占NK细胞比例下降为(75.06±13.65)%,显著低于稳定受者组的(88.28±11.98)%和健康对照的(90.35±10.07)%,而恢复期CD16~+NK细胞比例回升到(86.30±14.01)%,与稳定受者组和健康对照组无显著性差异。NK细胞CD16的MFI在感染期和恢复期与稳定受者组和对照组均未见显著性差异。结论 CMV感染可引起NK细胞CD226和CD16表达下调,而在感染恢复期CD226和CD16表达恢复,提示CD226和CD16参与肾移植受者NK细胞抗CMV感染的过程。     

结核病患者外周血中CD4~+ CD25~+调节性T细胞水平的检测

探讨CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞及其转录因子Foxp3在结核病发病机制中的作用。研究对象为肺结核患者22例(病例组)以及健康对照者23例(对照组)。采用FACS检测外周血CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞的百分率,采用real-time PCR检测外周血单个核细胞Foxp3mRNA的表达以及CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞与CD4~+T细胞、CD8~+T细胞、IFN-γ和IL-4的相关性。结核病患者外周血CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞占CD4~+T细胞的百分率,病例组(3.38±1.23)%高于对照组(1.97±0.62)%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。血清单个核细胞Foxp3 mRNA相对表达水平为134.54±6.76,高于对照组(40.98±2.34,P0.05)。CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞与CD4~+T细胞、CD8~+T细胞以及与IFN-γ和IL-4的表达呈负相关。结核病CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞数量增加、特异性转录因子Foxp3 mRNA表达上升,由此引发的免疫抑制效应可能是结核病发生发展的重要原因之一。     

晚期肺癌患者血CD4+CD25+调节T细胞水平的变化

为探讨晚期肺癌患者CD 4CD 25去调节T细胞水平的变化及其与其它T细胞亚群和NK细胞的相互关系,对86例肺癌组患者和64名对照组测定和比较CD 4CD 25调节T细胞、T细胞亚群(CD 3、CD 4、CD 8、CD 8CD 28)和NK细胞的水平,探讨其临床意义.CD 4CD 25细胞和T细胞亚群均用流式细胞仪检测.结果表明,晚期肺癌患者血CD 4CD 25细胞明显高于对照组(18.4%±6.2%vs7.1%±0.4%,P<0.01),CD 4细胞、CD 8CD 28细胞和NK细胞明显低于对照组(32.4%±8.7%vs44.9%±8.4%,P<0.01;7.4%±3.5%vs16.5%±2.7%,P<0.01;10.2%±4.1%vs18.5%±7.2%,P<0.01),CD 8细胞明显高于对照组(36.7%±7.5%vs31.8%±5.1%,P<0.01).CD 4CD 25细胞与CD 8CD 28细胞、NK细胞呈明显负相关.表明CD 4CD 25细胞增多是晚期肺癌患者免疫功能紊乱的一个证据.     

HIV-1感染者CD4+CD25nt/hiCD127lo调节性T细胞PD-1表达水平与疾病进展的关系

目的:阐明HIV-1感染者外周血中具有CD4+CD25nt/hiCD127lo特征的调节性T细胞(Treg)表面PD-1的表达水平与疾病进展的关系.方法:选取108名未经治疗的不同进展期的HIV-1感染者和27名健康人对照, 采集静脉血, 用Ficoll-Hypaque密度梯度离心法分离获得PBMC, 加入PerCP-CD4抗体、 FITC-CD25抗体、 PE-CD127抗体和APC-PD-1抗体, 经细胞表面四色染色、流式细胞术(FCM)分析Treg表面PD-1的表达;另将50 L全血加入Trucount绝对计数管, 采用Multitest CD3/CD8/CD45/CD4试剂盒检测CD4+T细胞绝对数;分离静脉血血浆, NucliSens EasyQ测定血浆HIV-1病毒载量;实验数据采用SPSS14.0 统计学软件分析处理.结果:HIV-1感染者Treg表面PD-1表达水平显著高于健康人(5.33%±2.24% vs 1.72%±0.65%, P<0.01);AIDS期(7.87%±2.23%)明显高于进展期(5.21%±1.72%, P<0.05)和新近感染者(3.22%±1.01%, P<0.05);HIV-1感染者Treg表面PD-1表达水平与血浆中的HIV-1病毒载量和CD4+T细胞绝对数密切相关.结论:首次证实HIV-1感染者外周血中Treg表面PD-1表达增加, 且表达水平与病程进展相关.该结果为进一步揭示HIV-1感染中Treg的效应机制、探索新的免疫治疗方案提供了理论及实验依据.     

强直性脊柱炎患者外周血CD4+ CD25high CD127low 、CD8+ CD28- 调节性 T 细胞水平变化及临床意义

目的:探讨CD4~+CD25~(high)CD127~(low)、CD8~+CD28~-调节性T细胞(Treg)在强直性脊柱炎(AS)患者外周血中的表达及临床意义。方法:选取2017年9月～2019年3月于我院初次就诊的AS患者77例(非活动期47例、活动期30例)及健康对照者59例。流式细胞术(FCM)检测外周血CD4~+CD25~(high)CD127~(low)、CD8~+CD28~-Treg比例,流式细胞微球芯片捕获技术(CBA)检测血清IL-2、IL-6、TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-17A水平,分析Treg细胞与AS疾病活动度和临床炎症活动指标的相关性。结果:AS活动组CD4~+CD25~(high)CD127~(low)Treg细胞比例低于AS非活动组和正常对照组(P0.05,P0.01);AS活动组和非活动组CD8~+CD28~-Treg细胞比例较健康对照组显著降低(P0.01)。AS活动组CD8~+CD28~+Tc细胞比例和CD8~+CD28~+/CD8~+CD28~-明显高于AS非活动组和健康对照组,且AS非活动组CD8~+CD28~+/CD8~+CD28~-高于健康对照组(P0.05)。与健康对照组相比,AS活动组和AS非活动组血清IL-6、TNF-α、IL-17A水平显著升高,且AS活动组血清IL-6、IL-17A水平显著高于AS非活动组(P0.05);3组志愿者IL-2水平差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。AS活动组血清IFN-γ水平显著高于AS非活动组和健康对照组(P0.05,P0.01),但AS非活动组与健康对照组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。AS患者CD4~+CD25~(high)CD127~(low)Treg细胞比例与BASDAI、ESR、Hs-CRP呈负相关(r=0.654、0.517、0.577,P0.01)。CD8~+CD28~+Tc细胞比例及CD8~+CD28~+/CD8~+CD28~-与BASDAI呈正相关(r=0.276、0.246,P0.05)。结论:降低AS患者外周血CD4~+CD25~(high)CD127~(low)和CD8~+CD28~-Treg细胞比例、提高炎症细胞因子水平可能在AS疾病发生发展中起重要作用。     

替比夫定对慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血CD4~+ CD25~+ CD127~(low) T和CD8~+ CD25~+ T细胞频率的影响及临床意义

目的探讨核苷类药物替比夫定对慢性乙肝患者(CHB)外周血中CD4+CD25+CD127lowT细胞和CD8+CD25+T细胞比例的影响,并结合临床指标分析其临床意义。方法替比夫定抗病毒治疗22例CHB患者,在治疗前及治疗后3,6个月时,分别以流式细胞仪检测外周血中CD4+CD25+CD127lowT细胞和CD8+CD25+T细胞比例,实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测Foxp3 mRNA的表达水平,荧光定量PCR检测血清HBV DNA水平,酶联免疫吸附法检测HBV标志物,全自动生化分析仪检测ALT水平。结果 CHB患者外周血中CD4+CD25+CD127lowT细胞和CD8+CD25+T细胞比例显著高于对照组。替比夫定治疗3个月时,这两群细胞比例显著下降,Foxp3 mRNA的表达也显著下降;HBV DNA水平降至检测水平以下的CHB患者,其CD4+CD25+CD127lowT细胞也降至正常水平。治疗3、6个月时,HBeAg阴转率分别为9.1%和18.2%,发生HBeAg血清学转换者的CD4+CD25+CD127lowT细胞和CD8+CD25+T细胞比例均降至正常水平。结论替比夫定能快速有效抑制CHB患者的病毒复制...     

环孢菌素通过FLIP影响再生障碍性贫血患者CD8+T细胞亚群CD28的表达

目的研究共刺激分子CD28在再生障碍性贫血（AA）患者的不同T细胞亚群中的表达变化，及其与凋亡抑制蛋白FLIP的关系。方法取21例AA患者环孢菌素A（CyA）治疗前后的外周血，应用流式细胞仪检测T细胞CIMCD28、CD8CD28的表达；磁珠分选患者治疗前后外周血的CD8^＋T细胞，RT-PCR检测治疗前后FLIP、Caspase-8表达变化；分选获得的治疗前的CD8^＋ T细胞体外经CyA处理后检测其CD28、FLIP、Caspase-8的表达变化。结果AA患者的CD8^＋ CD28^＋ T细胞的比例较正常人显著升高，治疗有效者该亚群的细胞比例在治疗后趋于正常；患者CD8^＋ T细胞的FLIP表达显著上调，但Caspase-8的表达无明显变化；CyA能下调患者CD8^＋T细胞的FLIP的表达。结论AA患者CD8^＋CD28^- T细胞亚群比例升高与FLIP表达增加有关，CyA能抑制FLIP的表达，降低CD8^＋CD28^-T细胞的比例。     

CD8+ CD28- and CD8+ CD57+ T cells and their role in health and disease

Chronic antigenic stimulation leads to gradual accumulation of late-differentiated, antigen-specific, oligoclonal T cells, particularly within the CD8(+) T-cell compartment. They are characterized by critically shortened telomeres, loss of CD28 and/or gain of CD57 expression and are defined as either CD8(+) CD28(-) or CD8(+) CD57(+) T lymphocytes. There is growing evidence that the CD8(+) CD28(-) (CD8(+) CD57(+)) T-cell population plays a significant role in various diseases or conditions, associated with chronic immune activation such as cancer, chronic intracellular infections, chronic alcoholism, some chronic pulmonary diseases, autoimmune diseases, allogeneic transplantation, as well as has a great influence on age-related changes in the immune system status. CD8(+) CD28(-) (CD8(+) CD57(+)) T-cell population is heterogeneous and composed of various functionally competing (cytotoxic and immunosuppressive) subsets thus the overall effect of CD8(+) CD28(-) (CD8(+) CD57(+)) T-cell-mediated immunity depends on the predominance of a particular subset. Many articles claim that CD8(+) CD28(-) (CD8(+) CD57(+)) T cells have lost their proliferative capacity during process of replicative senescence triggered by repeated antigenic stimulation. However recent data indicate that CD8(+) CD28(-) (CD8(+) CD57(+)) T cells can transiently up-regulate telomerase activity and proliferate under certain stimulation conditions. Similarly, conflicting data is provided regarding CD8(+) CD28(-) (CD8(+) CD57(+)) T-cell sensitivity to apoptosis, finally leading to the conclusion that this T-cell population is also heterogeneous in terms of its apoptotic potential. This review provides a comprehensive approach to the CD8(+) CD28(-) (CD8(+) CD57(+)) T-cell population: we describe in detail its origins, molecular and functional characteristics, subsets, role in various diseases or conditions, associated with persistent antigenic stimulation.     

Generation of CD28- cells from long-term-stimulated CD8+CD28+ T cells: a possible mechanism accounting for the increased number of CD8+CD28- T cells in HIV-1-infected patients.

According to CD28 molecule expression, CD8+ T cells can be classed as CD28bright, CD28dim, and CD28-. The CD28dim T cells were found to derive from mitogenic stimulated CD28-T cells but also from CD28bright T cells through a mechanism of CD28 down-modulation. Moreover, after prolonged in vitro interleukin-2 stimulation, clonal CD28bright, cells showed a CD28dim expression before further evolution to a stable CD28-phenotype. This loss was concomitant with the disappearance of CD28 mRNA. A study of the cytokine production pattern revealed that CD28dim and CD28- T cell clones produced similar levels of type 1 and type 2 cytokines, which differed from those produced by the CD28bright T cell clones. A high percentage of CD28dim and CD28- cells, with similarities in their cytokine production pattern, were found in the blood samples of HIV-infected patients, as compared to healthy donors. The CD28 down-modulation may account for the increased number of CD8+CD28- T cells in HIV-infected patients.     

Regulatory CD8+CD28- T cells in heart transplant recipients

Human regulatory CD8+CD28- T cells (Ts) generated in vitro were demonstrated to suppress the activation and proliferation of T helper cells (Th) induced by allogeneic cells. This effect requires cell-to-cell contact, is antigen-specific, and results in Th anergy. To study the population of CD8+CD28- T cells present in vivo, flow cytometry was performed on whole blood specimens obtained from 25 heart transplant recipients and 12 normal controls. A significant expansion of CD8+CD28- T cells was found in transplant recipients as compared with normal individuals (p = 0.005). Expression of CD38, human leukocyte antigen-DR, and perforin positive cells within the CD8+CD28- subset was significantly higher in transplant patients than in normal controls, yet there was no correlation between the expression of these markers and acute rejection. Expression of the CD27 marker, however, was significantly higher within CD8+CD28- T cells from patients without rejection as compared with patients in rejection (p = 0.005), indicating that the memory-like CD8+CD28-CD27+ T-cell subset comprises regulatory cells, which play a protective role for the graft. CD8+CD28- T cells isolated from transplant patients did not display cytotoxic activity against donor cells and showed high expression of the killing inhibitory receptor CD94. This study identifies the phenotypic changes that occur in patients with heart transplants and opens new avenues for the induction of specific immunosuppression in transplantation.     

多发性骨髓瘤患者外周血CD4~+CD25~+和CD8~+CD28~-调节性T细胞研究

目的:探讨CD4~+CD25~+和CD8~+CD28~-调节性T细胞(Tregs)在多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者外周血中的变化及意义.方法:采用流式细胞术检测38例MM患者及20例健康对照外周血CD4~+CD25~+和CD8~+CD28~-Tregs水平.分别采用溴甲酚绿法、透射免疫比浊法测定患者血清白蛋白(Alb)、β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG).结果:初诊MM患者外周血CD4~+CD25~(+/high)、CD4~+CD25~(high)CD127~(low)及CD8~+CD28~-Tregs比率均明显升高;CD4~+CD25~(+/high)和CD4~+CD25~)(high)CD127~(low)Tregs比率在各临床分期均较对照组升高,随分期增高呈现增加趋势,且CD4~+CD25~(high)和CD4~+CD25~(high)CD127~(low)Tregs在Ⅲ期患者显著高于Ⅰ期患者;CD8~+CD28~(-Tregs)在Ⅱ、Ⅲ期显著高于正常对照,且Ⅱ期高于Ⅰ期,Ⅲ期高于Ⅱ期,逐期递增,而在Ⅰ期与对照组比较无显著差异;CD4~+CD25~(+/high)和CD4~+CD25~(high)CD127~(low)Tregs比率在进展期和稳定期均较对照组升高,但两期之间比较无明显差异,而CD8~+CD28~-Tregs在进展期高于稳定期及对照组,稳定期和对照组间比较无明显差异;CD4~+CD25~(high)Tregs和CD4~+CD25~(high)CD127~(low)Tregs比率与Alb水平均呈负相关.结论:MM患者体内存在CD4~+CD25~+Tregs和CD8~+ CD28~-Tregs异常增加,可能是MM免疫逃逸的一个重要机制,这些变化同临床分期、病情进展及预后存在一定程度相关性.     

Analysis of CD8+CD28- T-suppressor cells in gastric cancer patients

Host anti-tumor immune responses can be attenuated by suppressor T cells of the phenotype CD8(+)CD28(-) (T(s) cells). In the present study, we investigated the presence of CD8(+)CD28(-) (T(s) cells) in the peripheral blood compartment of gastric cancer (GC) patients. Flow cytometry was used to detect the population of CD8(+)CD28(-) T(s) cells present in peripheral blood in therapy na?ve patients with gastric cancer (n?=?26), postoperative chemotherapy na?ve gastric cancer patients (n?=?23), and healthy controls (n?=?27). Meanwhile, the clinical data of gastric cancer patients were analyzed. A significant difference in the percentage of T(s) cells was observed when comparing peripheral blood samples from cancer patients to healthy volunteers (27.08?±?1.60% versus 10.86?±?0.75%). In the patient group, the percentage of CD8(+)CD28(-) cells among lymphocytes was higher in patients with LN metastasis than those without LN metastasis. The percentage of CD8(+)CD28(-) cells was also related to tumor infiltration and size, but not with the degree of differentiation of cancer cells. Moreover, the percentage of CD8(+)CD28(-) cells was higher in preoperative gastric cancer patients (26.24?±?1.78%) than in those of postoperation patients (15.79?±?1.11%). These findings may reflect the possibility of tumor-induced immunosuppression, and they should be complemented with further studies.     

Differential effects of CD28 costimulation upon cytokine production by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells

The impact of CD28 ligation upon CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production was assessed. Although costimulation increased the proliferative response of both T cell subsets, cytokine production was most markedly increased in the CD4+ subset, as evidenced by a 40-fold increase in interleukin-2 (IL-2), a 14-fold increase in interleukin-3 (IL-3) and 5-fold increases in interferon gamma and GM-colony-stimulating factor (CSF) production. The CD8+ T cell response to CD28 ligation was less marked, maxima being a 5-fold increase in IL-2 production and 2-fold increases in IL-3 and GM-CSF production. Resolution of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells into their CD44lo (na?ve) and CD44hi (memory/effector) subsets revealed that naive CD4+ T cells were the most CD28-responsive subsets. CD28-mediated costimulation promotes distinct differentiation programs in CD4+ versus CD8+ T cells.     

CD8+ CD28− T cells in vertically HIV-infected children

To evaluate whether vertical HIV infection interferes with the expression of CD28 on T lymphocytes, 25 HIV-infected children and 29 seroreverted children born to HIV⁺ mothers were studied. The percentage of CD28⁻ cells among CD8⁺ T lymphocytes was higher in HIV-infected children than in controls (P < 0.001). In fact, in HIV-infected children, this percentage was elevated from the first year of life, while in healthy seroreverted children, the proportion of CD28⁻ cells among CD8⁺ cells rose progressively with age (r = 0.49; P = 0.008). In HIV⁺ children, the CD8⁺ CD28⁻, but not CD8⁺ CD28⁺ cell proportion was significantly correlated with immunological markers of disease progression, such as CD4⁺ cell loss (r = −0.65; P < 0.001) and the level of in vitro spontaneous lymphocyte apoptosis (r = 0.53; P = 0.03).     

Demonstration of identical expanded clones within both CD8+ CD28+ and CD8+ CD28− T cell subsets in HIV type 1-infected individuals

In HIV-1-infected individuals, the CD8⁺ CD28⁻ T cell subset is considerably expanded and is frequently the largest subset of T cells found in peripheral blood. It has been assumed, but not proven, that CD8⁺ CD28⁻ T cells derive from CD8⁺ CD28⁺ T cells in vivo. To further study the ontogeny of CD8⁺ CD28⁻ T cells, we have performed analyses of the complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) of the TCRB of CD8⁺ CD28⁺ and CD8⁺ CD28⁻ T cells from the peripheral blood of HIV-1-infected individuals. When cells from the same individual were compared, expanded peaks in CDR3 length analysis within a given BV family were frequently observed at the same location in both CD8⁺ subsets ( p < 0.001). Sequencing of cDNA corresponding to dominant peaks revealed the presence of identical expanded CD8⁺ T cell clones within both the CD28⁺ and CD28⁻ subsets on eight of nine attempts. Our results show that CD8⁺ CD28⁺ and CD8⁺ CD28⁻ T cells are phenotypic variants of the same lineage, most likely evolving from CD8⁺ CD28⁺ to end-stage CD8⁺ CD28⁻ T cells.     

CD28在多发性硬化患者CD8+淋巴细胞的表达

目的探讨CD28在多发性硬化(MS)患者CD8+淋巴细胞的表达水平.方法流式细胞仪测定16例复发期MS患者和20例对照组外周血淋巴细胞CD28+、CD8+CD28-和CD8+CD28+的百分率.结果复发期MS患者淋巴细胞CD8+CD28-百分率低于对照组,CD28+和CD8+CD28+的百分率与对照组无明显差异;甲基强的松龙治疗对CD28+、CD8+CD28-和CD8+CD28+的百分率无影响.结论参与MS的发病的CD8细胞是CD8+CD28-细胞.