大肠癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化与病程的相关性

目的分析T淋巴细胞亚群变化在大肠癌患者不同病程中的相关性。方法检测58例不同时期大肠癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化。结果A期大肠癌患者的CD3(T细胞总数)、CD4(辅助性T细胞)与正常对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),CD8(抑制性T细胞)明显低于正常对照组(P<0.05);B、C、D期患者CD8明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01),CD3、CD4、CD4/CD8明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01)。随着Dukes分期增加,CD3、CD4、CD4/CD8逐渐降低,CD8逐渐增高。结论大肠癌患者存在免疫功能低下,且T淋巴细胞亚群水平与大肠癌患者的病程有明显的相关性。     

肺癌患者外周血中髓源性抑制细胞的比例及其意义

目的: 研究肺癌患者外周血中髓源性抑制细胞(myeloid derived suppressor cells,MDSCs)比例的变化,分析其与T淋巴细胞亚群的关系及临床意义。方法: 选取20名健康体检者和30例肺癌患者,收集其外周血;此外,选择其中15例术后30 d的肺癌患者,收集其外周血。用流式细胞术检测外周血中HLA DRˉCD33+CD11+MDSCs比例和T淋巴细胞亚群的比例,并分析两者的相关性。结果： 与健康对照相比,肺癌患者外周血中HLA DR-CD33+CD11+ MDSCs比例明显增高(P<0.05)。肺癌患者CD3+T细胞、CD4+T细胞、CD4+/CD8+T细胞比值均明显低于健康对照(P<0.05),但CD8+T细胞比例明显高于健康对照(P<0.05)。肺癌患者术后外周血中MDSCs比例明显低于术前(P<0.05)。淋巴结转移患者外周血中MDSCs比例明显高于无淋巴结转移患者(P<0.05),Ⅲ～Ⅳ期肺癌患者明显高于Ⅰ～Ⅱ期患者(P<0.05)。肺癌患者外周血中MDSCs比例与CD4+T细胞比例呈负相关(r=-0.524 4,P<0.01),与CD8+T细胞比例呈正相关(r=0.444 9,P<0.05)。 结论： 肺癌患者外周血中MDSCs比例增高,与T淋巴细胞亚群数量相关,可能对机体免疫具有抑制作用。     

胃癌患者外周血淋巴细胞免疫功能的研究

目的检测胃癌患者外周血淋巴细胞免疫功能状态,探讨其与胃癌新临床病理分期(TNM)及组织病理学类型的关系.方法流式细胞仪测定胃癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群及NK细胞数量,以胃溃疡患者及正常人作对照分析.结果胃癌患者外周血CD3 、CD4 、NK细胞数量及CD4 /CD8 比值较正常对照组和胃溃疡组均明显下降(P＜0.01),而CD8 细胞水平显著升高.T淋巴细胞亚群及NK细胞数量的改变与胃癌组织病理学类型无关,而与胃癌临床病理分期有关,分期越晚,CD3 细胞、CD4 细胞、CD4 /CD8 细胞比值及NK细胞数量越低,CD8 细胞水平越高;在Ⅰ、Ⅱ期胃癌患者与Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者之间存在显著差异(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论胃癌患者外周血淋巴细胞免疫功能低下,且临床病理分期越晚,其免疫功能越低.积极的外科手术治疗以及免疫治疗有助于恢复其免疫功能.     

胃癌患者免疫功能状态研究

目的:探讨胃癌患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3、CD4和CD8)和血清白细胞介素-12(IL-12)、可溶性白细胞介素-2受体(sIL-2R)水平的变化及其与胃癌临床病理的关系。方法:应用流式细胞术和酶联免疫吸附试验检测80例胃癌患者手术前外周血CD3、CD4、CD8和血清IL-12、sIL-2R的水平,并以30例健康体检者为对照组。结果:胃癌患者CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+均明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01);胃癌患者血清IL-12水平低于正常对照组(P<0.01),而血清sIL-2R水平高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。胃癌患者T淋巴细胞亚群及血清IL-12和sIL-2R的改变与胃癌组织病理学类型、细胞分化程度无关,而与浸润程度有关。CD4+/CD8+与血清IL-12和sIL-2R之间存在显著相关性(P<0.05)。结论:胃癌患者外周血CD3、CD4、CD8和血清IL-12和sIL-2R水平可作为研究胃癌的发生、发展和转移的重要免疫学指标。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者血清可溶性E选择素和外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的变化及临床意义

目的探讨慢性乙型肝炎患者血清可溶性E选择素和外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化及其临床意义。方法对50例慢性乙型肝炎患者和20例正常对照者,采用ELISA法检测血清可溶性E选择素(sE-selectin)水平,流式细胞术检测外周血T淋巴细胞亚群。结果与正常对照组相比,慢性乙型肝炎组sE-selection明显增高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),慢性乙型肝炎中、重度患者外周血CD3、CD4、CD4/CD8比值明显降低,而CD8则明显升高,与正常人比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);慢性乙型肝炎患者sE-selection与CD4/CD8比值之间呈负相关关系。结论检测血清E-选择素水平和外周血T淋巴细胞亚群对评估慢性乙型肝炎患者肝组织炎症和肝细胞功能损害程度、判断预后都有一定的价值。     

幽门螺杆菌阴性疣状胃炎患者外周血和胃黏膜中T淋巴细胞亚群变化及临床意义

目的探讨CD3+、CD4+、CD8+T淋巴细胞亚群在幽门螺杆菌(HP)阴性疣状胃炎患者外周血及胃黏膜组织中的表达特点及临床意义。方法收集自2012年3月至2014年2月我院HP阴性的疣状胃炎的患者25例作为疣状胃炎组,随机选取同期诊断为HP阴性的慢性浅表性胃炎患者20例作为慢性浅表性胃炎组,分别采用流式细胞技术、免疫组化检测疣状胃炎组和慢性浅表性胃炎组患者外周血及胃黏膜组织中T淋巴细胞亚群的表达率。结果疣状胃炎组患者外周血及胃黏膜组织中CD8+T淋巴细胞表达率较慢性浅表性胃炎组患者明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);疣状胃炎患者外周血及胃黏膜组织中CD4+/CD8+比值较慢性浅表性胃炎组患者明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。疣状胃炎组患者外周血中CD8+T细胞表达率、CD4+/CD8+比值与胃黏膜组织中CD8+T细胞表达率、CD4+/CD8+比值呈正相关(r=0.702,P<0.01;r=0.605,P<0.05);慢性浅表性胃炎亦如此(r=0.723,P<0.01;r=0.595,P<0.05)。结论 T淋巴细胞亚群在HP阴性疣状胃炎外周血及胃黏膜组织中均高表达,提示疣状胃炎的发生和形成与机体的免疫状态有关;外周血中T淋巴细胞的表达率可间接反映疣状胃炎胃黏膜组织中病变状况。     

原发干燥综合征患者外周血T细胞亚群变化的相关研究

目的:了解原发干燥综合征患者外周血T细胞亚群的变化及其临床意义。方法:用流式细胞术检测并比较原发干燥综合征(pSS)与系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者和对照组外周血中T淋巴细胞亚群的差异。分析T细胞亚群与血沉、血清免疫球蛋白IgG和类风湿因子等病情活动指标的关系。结果:pSS组和SLE组外周血CD4 T淋巴细胞水平和CD4 /CD8 比值较正常对照组明显减低(P<0.05),而pSS与SLE两组则无明显差异(P>0.05)。pSS组外周血CD8 T淋巴细胞水平明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05)和SLE组(P<0.05),SLE组外周血CD8 T淋巴细胞水平也高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。pSS患者外周血CD4 T淋巴细胞水平和CD4 /CD8 比值在疾病活动期下降,并与pSS的疾病活动性指标血清IgG、血沉呈负相关性(P<0.05)。CD8 细胞水平在疾病活动期明显升高,且与以上指标呈正相关性(P<0.01)。结论:pSS患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群存在异常,与发病密切相关。pSS患者外周血CD4 T淋巴细胞、CD8 T淋巴细胞和CD4 /CD8 比值与病情活动有关。     

胃癌组织端粒酶活性与催化亚基hTERT表达的关系

研究胃癌、胃黏膜肠化生及正常黏膜组织端粒酶活性与人端粒酶催化亚基(hTERT)表达的相关性及端粒酶激活在胃癌发生中的作用.方法:通过端粒重复序列扩增(TRAP)和逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT -PCR)方法测定3种胃癌细胞株、26例胃癌、10例胃黏膜肠化生和36例正常胃黏膜组织标本端粒酶活性和hTERT表达.结果:3种胃癌细胞株、24例胃癌组织有端粒酶活性;4例肠化生端粒酶活性较弱;36例正常胃黏膜标本未测到端粒酶活性.hTERT在26例胃癌组织、5例肠化胃黏膜中表达;正常胃黏膜无表达.端粒酶活性、hTERT表达与肿瘤的分期和病理分级无关.结论:hTERT在肿瘤形成的早期阶段表达,端粒酶的激活是胃癌形成的关键步骤.     

膀胱移行细胞癌外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的观察

对22例膀胱移行细胞癌(TCC)患者和18例对照行外周血T淋巴细胞亚群观察。 TCC患者外周血CD3和CD4明显降低(P<0.01),CD8无明显改变(P>0.05),CD4:CD8呈显著性 差异(P<0.05)。提示:TCC患者外周血T淋巴细胞免疫功能低下。     

胃癌患者围手术期外周血T细胞亚群及血清sIL-2R水平

目的 通过对外周血T细胞亚群及血清可溶性白介素-2受体(slL-2R)水平的检测和分析,评价胃癌患者围手术期的免疫功能.方法 80例接受标准肿瘤根治术的胃癌患者,分别于入院后第2天(术前)和术后第7天和第21天,经流式细胞术检测外周血T细胞亚群,包括CD3 、CD4 细胞数量及CD4 /CD8 细胞比值(CD3 、CIM 、CD4 /CD8 );采用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清slL-2R水平,以30名同期健康体检者作为正常对照(对照组).分析胃癌患者T淋巴细胞亚群及血清slL-2R水平与肿瘤的组织学类型、分化程度和l临床分期的关系.结果 与同期对照组相比,术前胃癌组外周血CD3 、CD4 、CD4 /CD8 明显降低(P<0.05),血清slL-2R水平则显著增高(P<0.05);Ⅲ、Ⅳ期胃癌患者较Ⅰ、Ⅱ期的改变更为显著(P<0.05).与术前比较,术后第7天胃癌组患者外周血CD3 、CD4 、CD4 /CD8 显著降低(P<0.05),而血清sIL-2R水平明显升高(P<0.05),至术后21 d逐步恢复至术前水平,但与对照组比较差异仍有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 胃癌患者围手术期免疫功能低下,Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者尤为明显.外科手术在治疗肿瘤的同时也抑制了患者的免疫功能.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.