藏、汉族人群HLA-DQA1、DQB1基因多态性

目的研究藏、汉族人群HLA-DQA1、DQB1等位基因频率分布及群体间的遗传距离。方法采用序列特异性引物聚合酶链反应（PCR／SSP）和PCR产物的限制性片段长度多态性分析（PCR／RFLP）方法检测HLA-DQA1、DQB1各等位基因频率。结果结果显示,OQA1＊0501和DQB1＊0301为藏族常见等位基因,频率分别为23．2％和33．0％;而DQA1、＊0301和DQB1,＊0301为房山汉族常见等位基因,频率分别为25．O％和28．1％。藏族OQA,＊0201,DQB．＊0201,0601等位基因频率明显低于汉族人群,P值分别为〈0．005,〈0．025和〈0．01;相反,藏族DQA．＊0501和DQB．＊0402等位基因频率明显高于汉族人群,P值分别为〈0．005,〈0．025。结论藏族与北方汉族HLA-DQA1、DQB。位点某些等位基因频率分布存在差异,可能与地理环境及自然选择有关。     

HLA—DQ等位基因对国人Graes‘病易感性的影响

目的：探讨等位基因HLA－DQA1及DQB1在国人Graves‘病（gravs‘ disease,GD）发病中的作用。方法：选择汉族GD患者103例及正常人100例。采用PCR－SSP方法,检验HLA－DQA1＊051,DQB1＊0201及DQB1＊0303的出现频率。结果：HLA－DQA1＊0501及DQB1 0201GD组均低于对照组（分别P－0．002,RR＝0．38及P＝0．001,RR＝0．27）,DQB1＊0303GD组与对照组之间无差异（P＝0．189RR＝0．64）,研究提示DQA1＊0501,DQB1＊020为中国汉族人群GD的保护因素,以上3种基因在不同性别GD患者之间未见差异,结论：HLA－DQ与国人GD的发病有关。GD患者DQA1＊0501及DQB1＊0201出现频率减少。     

广东地区妇女子宫平滑肌瘤遗传易感性与HLA—DRB1、DQA1、DQB1相关性的研究

目的 分析子宫平滑肌瘤与HLA－DRB1、DQA1、DQB1等位基因的相关性,从而探讨子宫平滑肌瘤患者的遗传易感性。方法 用PCR－SSP及PCR－SSO技术对51例手术后病理证实为子宫平滑肌瘤患者和50例正常妇女进行HLA－DRB1、DQA1、DQB1等位基因的基因分型。结果 HLA－DRB1＊02,DQA1＊0601在子宫平滑肌瘤组明显高于对照组（P＜0．05,RR＝5．378,15．4）,而DRB1＊01、＊07,HLA－DQA1＊0102却表现为对照组增高（P＜0．05,RR＝0．225,0．375,0．329）。结论DRB1＊02、＊07,HLA－DQA1＊0601、＊0102基因与子宫平滑肌瘤的遗传易感性相关联。     

1型糖尿病种HLA-DQA1-DQB1连锁基因的特征研究

目的：探讨HLA-DQA1-DQB1连锁基因单倍体与成人缓慢进展型1型糖尿病（SPIDDM）和速发型1型糖尿病（FPIDDM）的相关性。方法：采用PCR/SSP技术检测本组1型糖尿病中102例SPIDDM患者和130例FPIDDM患者频率。结果：①HLA-DQA1＊0301-DQB1＊0201和DQA1＊0501-DQB1＊0201连锁基因单倍体与SPIDDM（Pc〈0.001）和FPIDDM（Pc〈0.001）均呈显著正相关。②HLA-DQA1＊0301-DQB1＊0301和DQA1＊0301-DQB1＊0602连锁基因单倍体与SPIDDM呈显著正相关（Pc〈0.001）。③HLA-DQA1＊0301-DQB1＊0302、DQA1＊0301-DQB1＊0303及DRB1＊0301-DQA1＊0301-DQB1＊0201连锁基因单倍体与FPIDDM呈显著正相关（均Pc〈0.05）;DQA1＊0102等位基因中SPIDDM组16例（15.69%）;FPIDDM组10例（7.69%）（P〈0.05）;DQA1＊03基因SPIDDM组47例（46.08%）,FPIDDM组79例（60.77%）（P〈0.05）;DQB1＊0601基因SPIDDM组10例（9.8%）,FPIDDM组4例（3.08%）（P〈0.01）。结论：SPIDDM和FPIDDM虽然均为自身免疫性糖尿病,但其HLA表型并不完全相同,不同的HLA表型可能是决定患者起病方式及病情发展不同的因素之一。     

支气管哮喘儿童HLA-DRB1、DQB1免疫遗传学分析

目的 探讨支气管哮喘儿童HLA-DRB1、DQB1免疫遗传特征。方法 应用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物（PCR-SSP）方法,对随机抽取的45例支气管哮喘儿童（实验组）和45例健康儿童（对照组）进行HLA-DRB1,DQB1基因分型。结果 支气管哮喘儿童（实验组）HLA-DRB1＊0901,DQB1＊0201基因频率明显高于健康儿童（对照组）（25.56%比5.56%,χ^2=13.703,Pc〈0.012;26.67%比4.44%,χ^2=16.917,Pc〈0.007）;而HLA-DRB1＊15,DQB1＊0301基因频率明显低于健康儿童（对照组）（5.56%比22.22%,χ^2=10.452,Pc=0.012;7.78%比24.44%,χ^2=9.249,Pc=0.014）。其余等位基因的频率比较均无明显的差异。结论 HLA-DRB1＊0901,DQB1＊0201基因可能是支气管哮喘儿童的易感基因,而HLA-DRB1＊15、DQA1＊0301则可能是保护基因。     

用核酸序列测定法对1型糖尿病HLA－DPB1，DQB1基因分析

目的：研究山东地区汉族人1型糖尿病与HLA－DPB1和HLA－DQB1等位基因的相关性。方法：采用基于核酸序列测定的基因分型技术对52型1例糖尿病患者及38名正常对照者进行了DPB1和DQB1基因分析。结果：DPB1 2201（P＜0．01）和DQB1 0201（P＜0．01）,0303（P＜0．05）及0604（P＜0．05）等位基因频率在糖尿病患者组显著高于对照组,而DPB10402（P＜0．01）和DQB10301（P＜0．01）等位基因在糖尿病患者组显著低于对照组。结论：DPB12201和DQB10201,0303及0604等位基因可能是山东地区汉族人1型糖尿病的易感性等位基因,而DPB10402和DQB10301等位基因可能是山东地区汉族人1型糖尿病的保护性等位基因。     

武汉籍汉族类风湿关节炎患者HLA—DRB1＊04、＊01基因分型和临床相关性研究

为探讨人类白细胞抗原（HLA）－DRBA1＊04、＊01基因与武汉籍汉族类风湿关节炎（RA）的相关性。采用聚合酶链反应－序列特异性引物法（PCR－SSP）,对78例RA患者和126例健康者的HLA－DRB1＊01、＊04基因型进行检测,结果显示RA患者DR4基因频率为52．5％,对照组为21．6％,2组有显著性差异（P＜0．01）,DR1基因频率两组无差异（P＞0．05）。RA患者HLA－DR4的主要亚型为DRB1＊0405（32．1％）与对照组（6．3％）有显著性差异（P＜0．01）,DR,阳性的RA患者的并了压痛数、关节肿胀数、类风湿因子（RT）阳性率、关节侵蚀性病变明显高于DR4阴性的患者（P＜0．01）。提示HLA－DR4基因与RA患者易感性及疾病严重性相关,其主要亚型为DRB1＊0405、DRB1＊0401,DR1基因检测可作为一项病情严重程度及预后判断的辅助指标。     

支气管哮喘基因学研究进展

支气管哮喘是一类在环境因素和遗传因素共同作用下产生的、以气道高反应性和气流可逆性受限为特征的、呼吸道慢性炎症性疾病。近些年来的研究发现了很多与疾病发生密切相关的易感基因,包括ORMDL3,HLA基因簇中的DQA1*0104、DQB1*0201、DQA1*0401、DQA1*0601、DRB1*1501/1502,β2肾上腺素受体,IgE高亲和力受体β链。但是关于机制水平的研究仍然匮乏,需要今后更加注重这个方面。     

120例消化性溃疡患者HLA-DQA1基因的检测

目的：研究HLA－DQAI基因与消化性溃疡的遗传关系，方法：用HELA基因的聚合酶链反应－限制性片段长度多态性核苷酸分型技术，以等位基因特异性的限制性内切酶（ApalⅠ,BsajⅠ,HphⅠ,FokⅠ，MboⅡ,MnlⅠ)消化HLA－DQA1座位特异的PCR扩增产物，对来自武汉地区汉族人群中的120例消化性溃疡（50例胃溃疡、70例十二指肠溃疡）和50例正常人的HAL－DQA1等位基因进行分析。结果：胃溃疡和十二指肠溃疡患者HLA－DQA10301基因频率较对照组显著性增高（P＜0．05），且HLA－DQA10102基因频率较对照组显著性降低（P＜0．05）。结论：HLA－DQA10301和HLA－DQA10102基因与消化性溃疡一定的关系，消化性溃疡患者与正常人之间存在着免疫遗传异质性的差异。     

亚洲与欧美人群1A型糖尿病患者人类白细胞抗原DQ/DR易感基因的比较

1A型糖尿病（T1ADM）最重要的易感基因是人类白细胞抗原（HLA）基因,尤其是HLAⅡ类基因DQ/DR。在亚洲和欧美人群中,HLA DQ/DR易感基因的特征为：亚洲人群中DQβ链上第57位的天冬氨酸对T1ADM保护效应不明显。欧美人群中DQ2和DQ8易感性最强,亚洲人群中DQ4和DQ9易感性最强,而两种人群中DRB1＊0301和DRB1＊0401均常分别与DQ2和DQ8连锁在一起构成易感性最强的单倍型。DQB1＊0302、DQA1＊0501、DRB1＊0401,＊0402,＊0407均为欧美T1ADM人群的易感基因,但在亚洲T1ADM中并未发现明显的易感性;相反,DQB1＊0401在欧美高加索人种中作为保护基因,但在亚洲人群中表现为易感基因,且DRB1＊09亦可能与亚洲人群T1ADM相关,但其独立性尚存争议。     

Association between HLA-DQA1, -DQB1 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to asthma in northern Chinese subjects

Objective Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class Ⅱ genes, especially HLA-DQ genes, which are highly polymorphic, have been thought to be candidate loci for the etiology of asthma, and shown to be involved in antigenic presentation. This study was conducted to investigate whether susceptibility or resistance to asthma is associated with HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 genes polymorphism.Methods Venous blood samples were collected from northern Chinese population with Han ethnic. (1) One hundred and twenty-five unrelated asthmatic individuals and 52 subjects from 12 asthmatic pedigrees. (2) Ninety-six healthy controls without asthma and atopy with the same ethnic. Genomic DNA was extracted using standard phenol-chloroform method. The second exon of HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 genes were amplified by sequence-specific primer-polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR) method. All asthmatics had their serum IgE (total and specific) antibody or skin-prick test measured, bronchial reactivity to methacholine (Mch) and bronchial reversibility by β2-agonist evaluated.Results HLA-DQA1*0104 allele and HLA-DQB1*0201 allele were significantly higher in asthmatics than those in healthy controls (0.408 vs 0.177, P<0.01; 0.568 vs 0.198, P<0.01). Odds ratios (ORs) were 3.203 (95% CI 1.699-6.037), 5.328 (95% CI 2.883-9.849) respectively. Conversely, HLA-DQA1*0301 allele and HLA-DQB1*0301 were significantly decreased in asthmatics compared to healthy controls (0.296 vs 0.50, P<0.01; 0.4 vs 0.563, P<0.05); Logistic regression analysis showed that HLA-DQA1*0104 allele was associated independently with asthma etiology, OR ［represented by Exp(B)］ was 5.0942 with 95% CI 2.2520-21.1813; Spearman’s analysis showed that HLA-DQA1*0104 allele and HLA-DQB1*0201 allele were positively associated with atopy, the correlation coefficient were 0.183 and 0.289 respectively, P<0.01. By contrast, HLA-DQA1*0301 allele was negatively related to atopy, the correlation coefficient was -0.168, P<0.05; linkage analysis did not support the view that HLA-DQA1/DQB1 genes were linked to asthma with LOD value being 0.72.Conclusions HLA-DQA1*0104 allele and HLA-DQB1*0201 allele were implicated in susceptibility to asthma and atopy, HLA-DQA1*0301 allele and HLA-DQB1*0301 might be protective factor against asthma. Asthma and atopy are multifactorial disorders, HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 genes are involved in the regulation of immune specific response to common allergen.     

HLA-DQ A1, -DQB1 and -DRB1 gene polymorphism--in Malay type 1 diabetes mellitus patients and their use for risk prediction

HLA-DQA1, -DQB1, and -DRB1 gene polymorphism were analyzed to study type 1 DM susceptibility in Malay patients from Southeast Asia (Malaysia and Singapore). Patients showed significant increases in the occurrence of DQA1*0501 (50.7% vs. 20.4%; RR = 3.97; Pc < 0.01), DQB1*0201 (48% vs. 19.1%; RR = 3.86; Pc < 0.05), and DRB1*0301 (38.7 vs. 6.8%; RR = 8.36; 95% Pc < 0.05). Conversely, significant decreases were noted in the occurrence of DQA1*0601 (14.7% vs. 35.2%; RR = 0.33; Pc = 0.008) and DQB1*0601 (4% vs. 23.5%; RR = 0.16; Pc < 0.05) in type 1 DM patients. Using a logistic regression model, we derived a risk prediction model for type 1 DM in our indigenous Malay population based on the identified HLA genotypes. The RR for type 1 DM increases by a factor of 5.68 for every unit increase in the number of DRB1*0301 allele (P < 0.001), and decreases by a factor of 0.18 per unit increase in the number of DQB1*0601 allele (P < 0.001). After adjusting for these two HLA genotypes, DQA1*0501, DQB1*0201 and DQA1*0601 were not statistically significant as risk predictors. The lower incidence of type 1 DM in the Malay population may be contributed by the genotypic combinations of DR and DQ genes as well as the linkage disequilibria between susceptible and protective alleles.     

Relationship between HLA-DRB1 and DQ alleles and the genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes

Objective　To study the relationship between human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 and DQ alleles and the genetic susceptibility of type 1 diabetes in North Chinese children. Methods　Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques were used to amplify the second exon of DRB1 and DQ alleles, after which sequence specific olignucleotide probe (SSOP) dot blot hybridization techniques were used to analyze the amplified products. Results　DRB1*0301, DQA1*0301, DQB1*0201 alleles and DRB1*0301-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotype were significantly increased in patients, while DQA1*0103 and DQB1*0601 alleles were significantly increased in controls. The distribution of DR4 and DR9 haplotypes in patients and controls were not significantly different, but DR3/DR4 and DR4/DR9 heterozygotes were significantly increased in patients. Conclusions　DRB1*0301, DQA1*0301 and DQB1*0201 confer susceptibility while DQA1*0103 and DQB1*0601 confer protection to type 1 diabetes. DRB1*0301-DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 haplotype offers a predisposition to type 1 diabetes in North Chinese. Although the distribution of DR4 and DR9 in patients and controls had no significant difference, DR3/DR4 and DR3/DR9 heterozygotes were significantly increased in patients, showing that the susceptive effects of DR3 and DR4 or DR4 and DR9 haplotypes could be added up.     

HLA-DQ, DR allele polymorphism of type 1 diabetes in the Chinese population: a meta-analysis

Background Type 1 diabetes （TID） is a multifactorial disease. This article aims to evaluate the relationship between allele polymorphism of HLA-DQ, DR and TID in the Chinese population. Methods The odds ratios （ORs） of HLA-DQ, DR allele distributions in patients with T1D were analyzed against healthy controls. All the relevant studies in Pubmed and CNKI were identified, and poor qualified studies were excluded. The meta-analysis software REVMAN 4.2 was applied for investigating heterogeneity among individual studies and for summarizing all the studies. The publication bias were also evaluated. Results DQA1＊0301, DQA1＊0501, DQB1＊0201, DQB1＊0302 were the susceptible alleles （all P 〈0.05） in the Chinese population, their merger ORs 2.40, 3.15, 3.66, and 2.67 respectively. DQA1＊0103, DQA1＊0201, DQA1＊0401, DQB1＊0301, DQB1＊0402, DQB1 ＊0501, DQB1＊0503, DQB1＊0601 and DQB1＊0602 were the protective alleles （P 〈0.05）, their merger ORs were 0.11, 0.45, 0.30, 0.38, 0.23, 0.37, 0.25, 0.48, and 0.30 respectively. In serum level, DR3, DR4, DR9 alleles were the susceptible alleles （all P 〈0.05） and their merger ORs were 5.58, 1.53, 1.66, 29.78, and 6.65 respectively. HLA-DR2, DR5, and DR7 alleles were the protective alleles （all P 〈0.05） and their merger ORs were 0.39, 0.51, and 0.50. In genetic type level, DRB1＊04, DRB1＊0301, DRB1＊0901 were the susceptible alleles （all P 〈0.05） and their merger ORs were 2.19, 6.43, 1.31, 3.83, and 8.08. DRBI＊07, DRBI＊08, DRB1＊12, DRB1＊13, DRB1＊14, DRB1＊16, DRBI＊0406 alleles were the protective alleles （all P 〈0.05） and their merger ORswere 0.44, 0.27, 0.45, 0.13, 0.19, 0.40, and 0.27 respectively. Conclusions In the Chinese population, some HLA-DQ, DR alleles are relevant to T1D which are not totally the same as non-Chinese populations.     

新疆维吾尔族、汉族慢性乙型肝炎患者 HLA-DQA1基因多态性研究

目的：探讨人类白细胞抗原-DQA1（HLA-DQA1）基因多态性与新疆维吾尔族（以下简称维族）、汉族慢性乙型肝炎患者遗传易感性的关系,找寻新疆维族与汉族慢性乙型肝炎患者乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的易感基因和拮抗基因及维、汉族之间 HLA-DQA1基因型差异。方法选择乙型肝炎组患者182例（维族102例,汉族80例）,健康对照组163例（维族85例,汉族78例）;根据乙型肝炎患者血清 HBV DNA 病毒载量的不同分为高复制组和低复制组;根据血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT ）水平分为 ALT 正常组和 ALT 异常组。 PCR-序列特异性引物（PCR-SSP）法检测 HLA-DQA1*0102、-DQA1*0104、-DQA1*0201、-DQA1*0301、-DQA1*0302、-DQA1*0501等6个等位基因的频率分布;采用酶促反应法检测 ALT ;PCR 检测 HBV DNA 。结果维族乙型肝炎患者组、ALT 异常组、HBV DNA 高复制组与健康对照组比较-DQA1*0301、-DQA1*0501基因频率差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。汉族乙型肝炎患者 ALT 异常组、HBV DNA 高复制组与健康对照组基因频率比较-DQA1*0102、-DQA1*0201、-DQA1*0301差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）,HBV DNA 高复制组与低复制组等位基因-DQA1*0102比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;HBV DNA 低复制组、ALT 正常组与健康对照组中 HLA-DQA1*0201位点基因比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。维族与汉族慢性乙型肝炎患者 HLA-DQA1等位基因频率比较,-DQA1*0102、-DQA1*0301基因频率差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。维族与汉族健康对照 HLA-DQA1等位基因频率比较,-DQA1*0201、-DQA1*0501基因频率差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论维族人群中 HLA-DQA1*0501为 HBV 感染拮抗基因,-DQA1*0301为易感基因。汉族人群中 HLA-DQA1*0102、-DQA1*0301、-DQA1*0302为 HBV 感染易感基因,-DQA1*0201为拮抗基因。     

STUDY ON THE RELEVANCY OF IDIOPATHIC MEMBRANOUSNEPHROPATHY TO HLA HAPLOTYPE IN SHANGHAI POPULATION

R68umeObjectifPourdemontrerleraPPortentrelasuscePtibilitddendPhmpathiemembraneuseidiOPathiquempetHLAhaPlotyPedansunepOPulationShanghaienne.MdthodesAnalysedeHLAgdnotyPiqueethaPlotyPiquechez33casNMet71normaux.RJsuItatsDR9-DQA1*O301,DR4-DQA1*O301,DR12-DQB1*03O1andDR9-DQB1*03O3furentleshaPlotyPeslesplusfrequentsdanslesnormaux.QuantaugrouPeNM,haPlotyPeDR2-DQA1*O101estleplusfrdquentme=12.86)prdsentantunlOrtddsdquilibredechainage.LadofldrenceentrelesdeuxgrouPeseststatistiqu…     

1型糖尿病与HLA-DRB1?DQB1基因相关性研究

目的: 研究中国江苏地区汉族人群1型糖尿病(T1DM)与人类白细胞抗原(HLA)-DRB1?DQB1基因及单倍型频率的相关性?方法:选取江苏地区汉族人群T1DM患者(112例)与对照组(69例),运用聚合酶链反应-寡核苷酸探针序列特异性引物(PCR-SSO)技术,进行HLA-DRB1?DQB1基因分型,两组间等位基因频率比较采用χ2检验,通过Arlequin软件进行单倍型频率的分析?结果:112名T1DM患者中检测到DRB1位点等位基因17个(对照组19个),DQB1位点等位基因7个(对照组7个)?与对照组相比,T1DM组DRB1*0901?DRB1*0405和DRB1*0301频率明显增高,DQB1位点的DQB1*0201与DQB1*0303频率明显高于对照组;与对照组相比,T1DM患者明显升高的单倍型频率为:DRB1*0901-DQB1*0303?DRB1*0301-DQB1*0201?DRB1*0405-DQB1*0401和DRB1*0405-DQB1*0302?结论:中国江苏地区汉族T1DM患者HLA基因DR位点的DRB1*0901?DRB1*0405?DRB1*0301及DQ位点的DQB1*0201?DQB1*0303对T1DM易感?发现了4个新的具有易感作用的单倍型:DRB1*0901-DQB1*0303?DRB1*0301-DQB1*0201?DRB1*0405-DQB1*0401和DRB1*0405 -DQB1*0302?     

安徽汉族51例免疫性不育症中医证型与HLA-DQA1基因型的关系

目的:探讨抗精子抗体阳性的免疫性不育症患者与人类白细胞抗原-DQA1(Human LeococyteAntigen-DQA1,HLA-DQA1)基因的相关性及不同中医证型与HLA-DQAl等位基因的相关性。方法:采用聚合酶链反应序列特异性引物(polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer,PCR-SSP)技术,将51例抗精子抗体阳性的免疫性不育症中医分型为肾阴不足型、湿热内蕴型和瘀血阻滞型的患者与60名正常健康人的HLA-DQA1基因进行分型研究。结果:免疫性不育症组HLA-DQA1*0401等位基因频率明显高于正常对照组(χ2=29.869,P<0.01),免疫性不育症组DQA1*0301等位基因频率较正常对照组显著降低(P<0.01)。肾阴不足型免疫性不育症组HLA-DQA1*0301基因频率较正常对照组显著降低(P<0.01)。HLA-DQA1*0401基因频率较正常对照组显著升高(P<0.01)。结论:HLA-DQA1*0401等位基因可能是抗精子抗体阳性的免疫性不育症的易感基因,DQA1*0301可能是安徽汉族免疫性不育症的保护基因;免疫性不育症患者的中医证型肾阴不足型可能与DQA1*0401有关。     

内蒙古地区汉族人群HLA-DQB1基因多态性与支气管哮喘相关性研究

目的：探讨内蒙古地区汉族人群中人类白细胞抗原HLA-DQB 1基因多态性与支气管哮喘的相关性。方法：采用序列特异性引物聚合酶链反应（ PCR-SSP）法对50例汉族哮喘病人与50例汉族健康者进行人类白细胞抗原HLA-DQB 1等位基因频率检测。结果：汉族支气管哮喘HLA-DQB 10602基因频率高于汉族健康对照组（P〈0.01,OR=6.163）。结论：HLA-DQB 10602基因可能是内蒙古地区汉族支气管哮喘病人的易感基因。