Die Dimensionen eines gesunden Schulklimas für Schülerinnen und Schüler

Background

The school can be seen as a setting that has an important impact on the health and wellbeing of students. In the context of school health promotion, the school climate could be influenced by the schools, however, it has not been given much attention in German speaking countries.

Objectives

In this article, we investigate which dimensions of the school climate are important for students of different school types in Vienna.

Materials and methods

Six focus groups with students of different age groups from six schools were carried out and analysed thematically.

Results

The four most important dimensions of a healthy school climate for students are: absence of mobbing, interesting lesson designs, good social relationships among the students and with teachers, as well as a clean school building. When asked to prioritise (using prepared cards) more abstractly, the absence of physical violence is also important for the students.

Conclusions

Our results can be well compared with the dimensions from the literature. Some specifics that prevail can probably be ascribed to the Austrian school system.     

Perspektive Prävention: Psychische Gesundheit von Schülerinnen und Schülern in Deutschland

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz - Die COVID-19-Pandemie hat das Lernen und die Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen beeinflusst. Ziel des Beitrags ist,...     

Stillen in Deutschland – was wissen wir?

Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz -     

Untersuchungen über Poliomyelitisantikörper bei Berner Schülern

International Journal of Public Health - Nach den Beispielen vonHammon und vonPaul wurde auch in verschiedenen Schweizerstädten die Poliomyelitisdurchseuchung ermittelt. Die vorliegende Arbeit...     

?Kann Gesundheit Sünde sein?“

Objective

This article deals with the question of what prevents people from living healthy and devoting themselves to health care and which scientific theoretical models form the basis for the avoidance of health care and prevention.

Methods

After a literature search in the German-speaking literature with a focus on Austrian habitations, data were compared and summarized.

Results

Individual resistance play a major role as to why people avoid health care and scientific theoretical criticism on prevention and health care supports these attitudes.     

Genforschung: Chance oder Risiko für die Gesundheit?

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

über Blutveränderungen bei gewerblichen Schädigungen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

K?rperliche Aktivit?t oder Fitness: Was ist wichtiger für die Gesundheit?

The decline of physical activity is considered to play an important role in the deterioration of health predictors, such as overweight, and the associated increase of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Therefore, most interventional strategies aim for increasing physical activity. Instead of physical activity, some studies use physical fitness as a key variable. Though physical fitness is influenced by genetic factors, physical fitness has to be developed by physical activity. As recent reports demonstrate the prospective associations between physical fitness and health and mortality, these associations are not reported for physical activity. Due to the fact that physical fitness-in contrast to physical activity-is evaluated with standardized laboratory measurements, it appears advisable to assess physical fitness for prospective health perspectives. Although physical fitness is determined by genetics, physical activity is the primary modifiable determinant for increasing physical fitness and should be aimed for to improve physical fitness in interventional strategies.     

Wie bedeutsam ist Gesundheit für den Studienerfolg von Studierenden?

Background

This narrative review aims to summarize the research findings on students’ health in Germany with special focus on stress and mental health, substance use and the relationship between health factors and academic achievement.

Results

Existing research shows that German students report a high level of self-perceived health. However, certain symptoms and health complaints as well as mental health problems are frequent among students. Students’ health behaviour is characterised by a relatively high level of physical activity. On the other hand students have a high level of substance use.

Conclusion

There is some evidence for a positive association between health and healthy lifestyle and academic achievement of students.

     

Untersuchungen über die Schädlichkeit des Schweißrauches kalkbasischer Elektroden

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 8 Textabbildungen     

Wie entscheiden sich Schülerinnen für oder gegen eine HPV-Impfung?

Background

In 2007, the HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) vaccination vaccination was introduced in Switzerland. The School Health Service offered a free vaccination program for all schoolgirls between the ages of 11 and 16 in the City of Zurich in 2008. The HPV vaccination is controversially discussed in Switzerland and is regarded as superfluous by critical parents.

Aim

The aim of this presented study was to determine, how schoolgirls between 13 and 15 decide whether or not to be vaccinated against HPV and which actors/agents are involved in the decision making process.

Results

The girls’ decision of whether or not to be vaccinated against HPV is mainly influenced by their parents, especially their mothers. They, on the other hand, are greatly influenced by their gynecologists or pediatricians. The study shows that the media, teachers and peers play a rather subordinate role. Overall, many influential/important actors are skeptical of the vaccination, but they rarely talk about their reasons. In order to increase acceptance, schools need to aim for a holistic approach that involves all actors in the decision making process.     

Untersuchungen über die Ketogenese aus verschiedenen nahrungsüblichen Fetten

European Journal of Nutrition - Zur Beantwortung der Frage nach dem Stoffwechselverhalten langkettiger ungesättigter Fettsäuren beim Menschen, wurde zwei und fünf Stunden nach ihrer...     

Psychische Gesundheit von übergewichtigen und adipösen Jugendlichen unter Berücksichtigung von Sozialstatus und Schulbildung

Background

International studies showed that overweight and obese adolescents are more likely to have mental health problems compared to normal weight peers.

Objectives

This study analyses the relation between overweight/obesity and mental health problems among adolescents in Germany as well as potential modifying factors of this relation.

Materials and Methods

Data base was a subsample of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS, n?=?6,813, 11–17 years) which was conducted by the Robert Koch Institute from May 2003 to May 2006. Body height and weight were measured in a standardised manner and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Indications of mental health problems and strengths were collected with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in the following areas: emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer relationship problems and prosocial behaviour. Socio-economic status (SES) and education are analysed as modifying variables. Prevalence and odds ratios with 95?% confidence intervals were calculated by binary logistic regression.

Results

Obese boys and overweight and obese girls showed more indications of mental health problems compared to normal weight peers. The most common problem areas were conduct problems and peer relationship problems. Obese girls were also more likely to show indications of emotional symptoms compared to normal weight girls. The age stratified analysis showed that the differences in the occourrence of mental health problems between normal weight and obese boys as well as between normal weight and overweight/obese girls are more pronounced aged 11 to 13 years than aged 14 to 17 years. The results on the impact of SES and education showed that in girls, SES had a modyfying impact on the relation between overweight/obesity and mental health problems in favour of the high SES group. In boys, SES only had a modifying impact on the relation between overweight and mental health problems, but here in favour of the low SES group. Only in girls education had a modifying impact on the relation between obesity and mental health problems in favour of the low education group.

Conclusion

In adolescence, overweight and especially obesity go along with a higher risk for mental health problems. In the context of prevention measures and care services for overweight and obesity at a young age, psychosocial aspects should be considered.     

Prävention der HIV-Übertragung – was ist wünschenswert, was ist machbar?

On the basis of their aims, the Deutsche AIDS-Hilfe focuses on lifestyle-oriented structural prevention and health promotion as well as the continuously changing (social, cultural, sexual, medical, etc.) conditions. In doing so, they stress the collective responsibility of the local AIDS service organizations and of other agents involved in prevention as well as of policy, administration, economy and society. In the face of the modified perception of HIV infection, the disentanglement of sexuality from the "dictatorship of fear" and the growing individualization and differentiation in matters of risk management, it is necessary to enhance the life style and service orientation in prevention and health promotion, to enhance the utilization of all media available in the age of information, particularly the internet, and to convey clear(er) messages on new forms of risk management to ensure what has been achieved so far (compared to other European countries a low rate of newly diagnosed infections and a largely non-discriminatory attitude towards the people affected) and to gain substantial improvements.     

Ansprechbarkeit von Drogengebrauchern über Infektionsrisiken für HIV und HCV

Since the beginning of the HIV-epidemic, injection drug users (IDUs) have had a high risk of acquiring an infection with HIV. Chronic hepatitis C (HCV) is the most common infectious disease among IDUs. About 4 to 6 % of IDUs are HIV positive and more than 60 % are HCV positive. 90 % of HIV-positive IDUs are both HIV positive and HCV positive. Substitution treatment is the most effective prevention of HIV and HCV infection. Both HIV infection and chronic hepatitis C can be treated most successfully during substitution treatment.