B超引导经皮肾镜气压弹道超声联合碎石治疗肾结石的临床研究

目的 探讨B超引导下经皮肾镜气压弹道联合超声碎石术治疗肾结石的安全性和临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析本院124例肾结石患者,经B超引导下穿刺目标肾盏,建立皮肤肾脏通道,肾镜下采用气压弹道联合超声碎石术的临床资料.结果 124例患者均一期成功建立皮肤肾脏通路,120例行一期碎石术,4例行二期碎石术.手术时间65～129 min,平均(81±12) min,出血11~168 ml,平均75 ml,术中无输血.未出现大出血、严重感染、尿瘘、腹腔脏器损伤等严重并发症.术后1周后复查,结石清除率86.3%(107/124).结论 在B超引导下经皮肾镜气压弹道碎石术治疗肾结石手术成功率高,残石者较低,且安全、创伤小,具有临床应用推广价值.     

超声引导经皮肾镜气压弹道联合超声碎石术治疗肾结石128例

目的:探讨超声引导经皮肾镜气压弹道联合超声碎石术治疗肾结石的安全性及其疗效。方法:采用第四代EMS气压弹道联合超声碎石清石系统,在超声引导下行经皮肾镜碎石术治疗肾结石128例。结果:128例均成功建立24F标准皮肾通道,其中双通道8例,手术时间40～150 min。一期结石清除率82.0%(105/128),术中无严重并发症。23例残余结石,其中15例行二期手术,二期结石清除率86.7%(13/15)。总的结石清除率为92.2%(118/128)。8例术后大出血,其中6例经保守治疗成功,2例严重出血行肾切除术。无感染性休克和死亡。结论:超声引导经皮肾镜气压弹道联合超声碎石术是治疗肾结石安全有效的方法,值得临床推广应用。     

B超引导标准肾镜气压弹道联合超声碎石128例

目的探讨经皮肾镜气压弹道联合超声碎石术治疗肾结石及输尿管上段结石的安全性和临床疗效。方法2008年7月－2009年12月,采用B超引导穿刺建立通道,肾镜下气压弹道联合超声碎石术治疗128例肾结石及输尿管上段结石。在B超引导下穿刺目标肾盏,建立皮肤肾脏通道,肾镜下采用气压弹道联合超声碎石术。对手术时间、手术并发症、结石清除率等临床资料进行分析。结果124例患者一期成功建立皮肤肾脏通路,行一期碎石术,4例患者改开放手术。手术时间50～240（平均133）min,无气胸、腹腔脏器损伤等严重并发症发生。术后1周后复查,109例患者结石取净,19例有结石残余,结石清除率87．9％（109／124）。结论B超引导穿刺经皮肾镜气压弹道联合碎石术治疗。肾结石安全、方便、疗效可靠。     

经皮肾镜气压弹道联合超声碎石术治疗复杂性肾结石

目的:探讨经皮肾镜气压弹道联合超声碎石术治疗复杂性肾结石的安全性和临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析我院2004年9月至2007年8月期间经皮肾通道行气压弹道联合超声碎石术治疗156例复杂肾结石。患侧输尿管于膀胱镜下逆行留置5F输尿管导管,推注生理盐水以充盈肾盂。X射线透视或B超引导下穿刺目标肾盏,建立皮肾通道,肾镜下采用气压弹道联合超声碎石术。对手术时间、手术并发症、结石清除率等临床资料进行分析。结果:156例患者均一期成功建立皮肾通路,其中148例行一期碎石,8例行二期碎石。手术时间50min～110min,平均(82±9)min,3例患者术中输血400ml～600ml,无气胸、尿瘘、腹腔脏器损伤等严重并发症发生。术后1周后复查,135例患者排净结石,结石清除率86.53%(135/156),21例有结石残余。结论:经皮肾镜气压弹道联合超声碎石术治疗复杂肾结石安全、方便、疗效肯定。     

经皮肾镜气压弹道超声联合碎石治疗复杂性肾结石

目的探讨超声定位引导下经皮肾镜气压弹道超声联合碎石术治疗复杂性肾结石的安全性及其疗效。方法回顾分析经皮肾镜气压弹道超声联合碎石取石术治疗复杂性肾结石289例共312侧的临床资料。结果经皮肾镜碎石一期手术276侧,平均手术时间76 min,平均出血75 ml,结合体外冲击波碎石,一期单侧结石清除率88.5%,36侧行二期手术。结肠损伤1例,术后大出血13例,需肾动脉栓塞止血3例,发热63例,严重感染3例,术后平均住院8d。无肾切除、中转开放及肾功能不全。结论超声定位引导下经皮肾镜气压弹道超声联合碎石术是治疗复杂性肾结石的最佳选择,具有损伤小,康复快,住院时间短,结石清除率高等优点。     

经皮肾镜超声气压弹道碎石治疗肾结石

目的探讨经皮肾镜超声气压弹道碎石治疗肾结石的疗效及安全性。方法回顾分析我院行经皮肾镜超声气压弹道碎石治疗的346例肾结石患者的临床资料并记录手术时间、结石取净率及手术并发症。结果279例一期清石完全,32例行二期手术,34例行残余结石ESWL术,手术时间60～180min,平均90min,1例术后输血600ml,无其他严重并发症发生。结论经皮肾镜超声气压弹道碎石具有安全、高效、便于操作、结石清除率高的特点,值得临床推广。     

经皮肾镜下气压弹道联合超声碎石术治疗肾结石的效果观察

目的探讨B超引导建立穿刺通道经皮肾镜气压弹道联合超声碎石术（PCNL）治疗肾结石的疗效。方法自2005年6月-2006年12月治疗172例197侧肾结石患者,B超引导下建立经皮肾穿刺通道,行经皮肾镜下气压弹道联合超声碎石术。结果172例患者197侧患肾均一期成功建立经皮肾通道,其中9例患者同侧患肾Ⅰ期建立2个经皮肾通道,3例建立经皮肾通道过程中出血留置肾造瘘管后改Ⅱ期手术。172例197侧患者1次取净结石141例,结石清除率81.98%。17例结石残留者1周后再次行PCNL碎石清石术,6例患者有直径小于1cm结石残留,术后辅助施行体外冲击波碎石（ESWL）治疗,8例结石残留患者不愿再次行PCNL碎石术出院定期复查。所有病例均随访1-18个月,无严重手术并发症。结论B超引导建立穿刺通道行经皮肾镜下气压弹道联合超声碎石术治疗肾结石具有高效、安全的特点,结石清除率高,值得临床推广应用。     

经皮肾镜超声气压弹道碎石术治疗肾结石的疗效分析

目的探讨B超引导下经皮肾镜超声、气压弹道联合治疗肾结石的疗效。方法肾结石51例,B超引导下穿刺并扩张建立经皮肾镜工作通道,采用EMS三代超声、气压弹道联合碎石取石系统治疗肾结石。结果 51例52个肾脏均成功建立经皮肾通道,51个肾脏一期行PCNL术,一期结石取净率54%,手术时间平均150 min,住院时间10～26天,平均14天,术后无严重并发症发生。结论超声引导下经皮肾镜超声、气压弹道联合治疗肾结石具有高效、安全、损伤小、恢复快等特点。     

超声引导经皮肾镜超声弹道联合碎石术治疗肾及输尿管上段结石

目的探讨超声引导建立皮肤肾脏通道,经皮肾镜超声弹道联合碎石术治疗肾及输尿管上段结石的临床疗效。方法对37例肾及输尿管上段结石患者应用超声引导经皮肾镜超声弹道联合碎石术进行治疗,观察其临床疗效、手术并发症、结石清除率等情况,并进行评价分析。结果137例患者均一期成功建立皮肤肾脏通道,128例行一期碎石术,9例行二期碎石术。手术时间为80～190min,平均（95±10）min;术中出血量为50～350mL,平均150mL。术后1w复查,有24例结石残余,结石清除率为82.5%（113/137）,无血气胸、腹腔脏器损伤、肾切除等严重并发症发生。结论超声引导经皮肾镜超声弹道联合碎石术治疗肾及输尿管上段结石疗效确切、高效安全、并发症少,值得推广。     

B超引导经皮肾镜碎石清石术治疗肾结石

目的探讨B超引导经皮肾镜碎石清石术治疗肾结石的临床疗效。方法227例肾结石患者，B超引导穿刺，建立皮肤肾脏通道，进行气压弹道联合超声碎石清石术。结果227例患者251侧肾脏均一期建立皮肤肾脏通道，一期取净结石197侧，二期取净结石43侧，结石清除率95．6％。手术并发症16例。结论B超引导建立皮肤肾脏通道成功率高，经皮肾镜碎石清石术治疗肾结石高效、安全。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.