复发性流产患者子宫蜕膜血管的免疫病理观察

目的：探讨子宫局部免疫反应在复发性流产发病机理中的作用。方法：采用免疫组织化学ＡＢＣ法，对２６例复发性流产患者（流产组）和１０例正常孕妇（对照组）的子宫蜕膜血管进行免疫病理观察，并测定血清免疫球蛋白和补体水平。结果：流产组蜕膜血管壁有免疫球蛋白ＩｇＧ和补体Ｃ３沉着，分别为１７例（６５．４％）和２１例（８０．８％），而对照组为阴性，两组比较，差异有显著性（Ｐ〈０．００１）；血管壁ＩｇＧ的沉着流产组为     

早产妇女血清一氧化氮水平测定及研究

目的 探讨一氧化氮（ＮＯ）水平与妊娠及早产的关系。方法 采用Ｇｒｅｉｓｓ法分别测定３５例早产妇女（早产组），６６例妊娠妇女（妊娠组），２５例非妊娠妇女（非妊娠组）静脉血中ＮＯ的含量。早产妇女血清ＮＯ深度显著低于同孕龄及足月妊娠妇女（Ｐ〈０．０１），低于足月妊娠临产妇女，但无显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。足月妊娠临产妇女血清ＮＯ浓度显著低于妊娠期妇女（Ｐ〈０．０１）。非妊娠组血清ＮＯ浓度显著低于早产组及     

妊高征与抗心磷脂抗体关系的研究

目的：对妊高征（ Ｐ Ｉ Ｈ） 患者进行抗心磷脂抗体（ Ａ Ｃ Ａ） 和抗 Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 抗体的检测,以探讨 Ｐ Ｉ Ｈ 与自身抗体间的关系。方法：采用 Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ 方法对３０ 例 Ｐ Ｉ Ｈ 患者进行 Ａ Ｃ Ａ － Ｉｇ Ｇ、 Ａ Ｃ Ａ － Ｉｇ Ｍ 、 Ａ Ｃ Ａ Ｉｇ Ａ 、抗ｄｓ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 、抗ｓｓ － Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 抗体测定。结果： Ｐ Ｉ Ｈ患者中 Ａ Ｃ Ａ 的阳性率为６３ ．３ ％ （１９／３０） ,正常妊娠妇女为６ ．６７ ％ （２／３０） ,其差异有高度显著性（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０１） 。 Ｐ Ｉ Ｈ 患者 Ａ Ｃ Ａ的免疫球蛋白类型中,以 Ｉｇ Ｇ 型 Ａ Ｃ Ａ 最为常见, Ｉｇ Ｍ 型或 Ｉｇ Ａ 型 Ａ Ｃ Ａ 阳性常伴随有 Ｉｇ Ｇ 型 Ａ Ｃ Ａ 阳性。妊高征组抗ｄｓ Ｄ Ｎ Ａ阳性率明显高于对照组（ Ｐ ＜ ０ ．０１） 。两组抗ｓｓ － Ｄ Ｎ Ａ 的阳性率无显著意义。结论： Ａ Ｃ Ａ 阳性,尤其是 Ａ Ｃ Ａ － Ｉｇ Ｇ 阳性与妊高征发病有密切关系。因此, 应对孕妇进行 Ａ Ｃ Ａ 检测,可作为能否正常妊娠的前瞻性指标。     

正常妊娠妇女及妊娠期糖尿病患者胰岛素和C肽水平的变化

目的 探讨正常妊娠妇女、妊娠期糖尿病（ＧＤＭ）及妊娠合并糖耐量减低（ＧＩＧＴ０患者孕期胰岛素、Ｃ肽水平的变化,了解其胰岛β细胞的功能状况。方法 用放射免疫法测定ＧＤＭ患者４８例（Ⅰ组）;ＧＩＧＴ患者３９例（Ⅱ组）;正常妊娠妇女４２例（Ⅲ组）;正常非妊娠妇女２２例（Ⅳ组）的胰岛素和Ｃ肽水平。结果 Ⅲ组孕晚期的胰岛素、Ｃ肽水平明显高于Ⅳ组（Ｐ均〈０．０１）,且从孕３４周至孕晚期,有上升趋势,至产时呈高     

不同孕期及分娩后妇女血清骨钙素浓度的变化

对１４２例不同孕期妇女、３０例分娩后妇女、４７例相应年龄非妊娠健康妇女，分别测量血清骨钙素（ＢＧＰ）、碱性磷酸酶（ＡＫＰ）和钙（Ｃａ）、磷（Ｐ）。结果：血清ＢＧＰ水平，妊娠早期、妊娠中期、妊娠晚期与非妊娠组比较，Ｐ值分别为Ｐ＞０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１，Ｐ＜０．００１。分娩后即刻测定的血清ＢＧＰ水平，明显高于妊娠各期（Ｐ＜０．００１），呈一个明显的高峰。分娩后第五天降至正常。血清ＡＫＰ水平随妊娠的周数增加而升高，妊娠晚期与非妊娠组比较，差异有极显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。本研究结果说明，不同孕期、分娩后妇女骨的代谢有较明显的改变，血清ＢＧＰ、ＡＫＰ是骨代谢瞬间变化的生化指标，为探讨不同孕期及分娩后骨代谢变化提供了依据。     

妊高征患者子宫、胎盘血管病变及其与妊娠结局的关系

目的 探讨妊高征患者子宫胎盘床、胎盘血管病变及其与妊娠结局的关系。方法 应用免疫组化技术对２９例重度妊高征（妊高征组）和２９例正常妊娠妇女（对照组）的子宫胎盘床、胎盘血管壁ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ和Ｃ３的表达进行检测。结果 妊高征组胎盘绒毛和子宫盘床血管壁ＩｇＡ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ和Ｃ３的阳性表达率（胎盘绒毛：２０．１％,２４．１％,７２．４％和６５．５％;胎盘床：２０．０％,２０．０％,７０．０％和６     

体外受精与胚胎移植中hCG注射前血孕酮水平与妊娠的关系

用ＧｎＲＨａ－ＦＳＨ－ｈＭＧ－ｈＣＧ方案控制性超排卵进行体外受精与胚胎移植（ＩＶＦ－ＥＴ）治疗７８例不孕患者，在ｈＣＧ注射前抽血用放射免疫法（ＲＩＡ）测孕酮（Ｐ）水平。初步了解ｈＣＧ注射时血孕酮水平与ＩＶＦ－ＥＴ结果的关系。结果，当Ｐ〈０．３５μｇ／Ｌ时９例中无１例妊娠，而０．３５≤Ｐ≤０．９μｇ／Ｌ组（５４例）与Ｐ〉０．９μｇ／Ｌ组（１５例）的妊娠率分别为２２．６％及２６．７％，但三组间无显著差     

正常及妊高征孕妇尿中各种蛋白的变化

应用酶联免疫方法对正常未孕妇女２８例、不同孕周的正常孕妇１０１例（包括产后）及妊高征患者２５例尿中各种蛋白进行检测。结果：孕妇在妊娠早期尿中白蛋白及ＩｇＭ排出较非孕妇女明显增多（Ｐ＜０．０５－０．０１），ＩｇＧ亦有增多趋势。妊高征患者与正常不同孕周的孕妇相比，ＩｇＧ，ＩｇＡ、白蛋白的排出均明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０５－０．０１），而ＩｇＭ无差异、产后与孕晚期妇女相比，ＩｇＭ明显减少（Ｐ＜０．０５）；正常     

正常妊娠和妊高征孕妇血浆降钙素基因相关肽的研究

目的探讨降钙素基因相关肽（ＣＧＲＰ）在正常妊娠时的变化及与妊高征发病的关系。方法采用放射免疫法对正常妊娠妇女５９例（正常妊娠组）、妊高征孕妇５７例（妊高征组）和正常非孕妇女１０例（对照组）的血浆ＣＧＲＰ水平进行测定。结果正常妊娠组血浆ＣＧＲＰ水平随孕周的进展而增加,孕晚期达高峰（７６８４±２７７５ｎｇ／Ｌ）;妊高征组其血浆ＣＧＲＰ水平随病情的加重而降低;中度妊高征患者ＣＧＲＰ水平（４９７６±２３１１ｎｇ／Ｌ）和重度妊高征患者ＣＧＲＰ水平（４６３５±２２３２ｎｇ／Ｌ）明显低于轻度妊高征患者（７１２８±２１９８ｎｇ／Ｌ）和正常晚孕妇女（７６８４±２７７５）（Ｐ＜０．０５）。血浆ＣＧＲＰ水平与平均动脉压、新生儿体重均无明显相关关系（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论ＣＧＲＰ的变化在妊高征的发病过程中可能起重要作用     

妊高征患者血中内皮素与β-绒毛膜促性腺激素水平及其相互关系

目的 检测妊高征患者血清内皮素（ＥＴ）与β－绒毛膜促性腺激素（β－ｈＣＧ）水平及其相关关系,以探讨ＥＴ与β－ｈＣＧ在妊高征发病中的作用,方法 用放射免疫法对３２例妊高征患者（妊高征组）,１７例正常晚期单胎妊娠妇女（正常晚期妊娠组）以及１４例育龄期正常未妇女（正常未孕组）血中ＥＴ和β－ｈＣＧ水平进行检测。结果 妊高征组血ＥＴ和β－ｈＣＧ水平（３０．３５±１４．５２ｎｇ／Ｌ和７．３５±４．８６ｍｍｏｌ     

监测血清尿酸值预测妊高征的临床意义(附562例临床分析)

目的　探讨血清尿酸预测妊高征的临床意义。方法　 1998年 8月至 2 0 0 2年 8月检测 562例孕妇在孕 2 8、3 2、3 6、3 8周及临产时肾功能。结果　临产时妊高征患者血清尿酸显著高于正常孕妇 (P <0 0 0 1) ,并从妊娠 3 2周开始其含量逐渐升高 ,妊娠 3 4周以后轻、中、重度妊高征间差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5)。结论　血清尿酸含量的测定对了解妊高征的病情具有重要意义 ,监测晚孕血清尿酸值可预测妊高征的发生     

Alpha-amylase in the course of normal pregnancy and puerperium. I. Blood serum

The study was carried out in a group of 280 women (46 non-pregnant women, 24 pregnant women in I trimester, 50 pregnant women in II trimester, 108--in III trimester and 52 women on 3rd day of puerperium). All the women were healthy, the course of pregnancy normal, puerperium without complications. The women had the activity of alpha-amylase determined, by the Caravay method in the blood serum, blood taken in the morning on an empty stomach, from the cubital vein. The results were calculated statistically. It was found that the activity of alpha-amylase in the blood serum of healthy women decreases as normal pregnancy progresses. The activity of alpha-amylase in the blood serum of women on 3rd day of puerperium maintains the level as in III trimester of pregnancy.     

孕妇血清羊水和新生儿脐血胃泌素的测定

用放射免疫法测定７５例孕１２－４２周健康孕妇的血清、羊水和２６例新生儿脐血胃泌素的浓度。结果：随孕周的增加羊水和血清胃泌素的浓度不断降低，足月后又明显升高，母血清胃泌素浓度高于羊水，以中期行娠为明显（Ｐ〈０．０５）脐血胃泌素浓度在晚期妊娠时较低，足月后升高接近平血清和羊水水平。提示：胃泌素演变的变化是机体在妊娠期的一种生理性代偿作用，并可能与胎儿消化器官发育成熟和功能完善有关。     

Changes in the immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM in pregnancy and the puerperium

Immunoglobulin IgG, IgA and IgM levels in maternal serum of 16 healthy pregnant women are analysed between 7th and 37th week (n = 95) and additionally at second day after delivery. Serum immunoglobulin concentrations of 54 healthy non-pregnant young women are the base for laboratory-specific normal levels. IgA and IgG raise at the beginning of pregnancy and decrease after 17th week; IgA levels after 20th week of pregnancy are not different from concentrations of non-pregnant women. Compared to this, IgG levels fall below the prepregnancy niveau significantly. This continuous decrease lasts anabatedly till the second day following delivery. On the contrary, IgM decrease immediately with starting pregnancy, whereas the following decrease is unessential. After delivery levels rise rapidly. A shortlasting decrease of the concentration of all three immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM with consecutive increase between the 11th and 14th gestational week is a special characteristic sign.     

Studies on plasma proteins in normal pregnancy and gynecological malignancy

The purpose of this study is to know and compare the changes in plasma proteins in normal pregnancy with those in gynecological malignancies. The results obtained are as follows. Factor VIII activity continued to increase during pregnancy and reached about 200%. It also continued to increase and showed a high level (250-300%) in malignancy, in advanced stages. At III activity increased in the first trimester and showed reached a normal level after 28 weeks of gestation. It decreased on the third day of puerperium and recovered to normal 1 month after delivery. At III activity decreased only in the end stage of malignancy. Factor XIII activity continued to decrease and was 50-60% during the second and third trimester. It began to recover at the third day of puerperium and completely recovered at 1 month after delivery. Factor XIII activity also continued to decrease and was at a low level (33.8-51%) in advanced stages. Plasminogen activity increased from the first trimester and was 120-130% during the second and third trimesters and after delivery. In malignancy, it did not show any remarkable change. alpha 2-PI activity moderately increased in the first trimester, but was at a normal level during the second and the third trimester. It increased slightly on the third day of the puerperium and recovered to normal 1 month after delivery. alpha 2-PI activity showed no remarkable change in malignancy, but decreased in some advanced cases. HRG began to decrease from the second trimester and was 46.5% at the end of the third trimester. In the puerperium, HRG began to recover on the third day and reached normal at 1 month. HRG showed a low titer in advanced stages of malignancy. Sialic acid increased constantly during pregnancy, but it was within the normal range. On the third day of puerperium, it reached 72.3mg/dl. Sialic acid showed a high level with in advanced stages of malignancy. IAP did not change during pregnancy. It showed a slight increase on the third day after delivery, but it was within the normal range. Malignancy showed a high level of HRG with in advanced stages. CIG was normal during and after pregnancy. In cervical carcinoma, CIG increased at in Ib, II and cervical carcinoma. Ovarian carcinoma did not show any change.     

血清胱抑素C水平与早发型子痫前期发生和不良妊娠结局关系探讨

目的:研究孕妇发生早发型子痫前期及其出现不良妊娠结局与血清胱抑素C(CC)水平变化趋势关系。方法:选取2009年7月至2011年7月在南方医科大学南方医院妇产科住院治疗并分娩的早发型子痫前期患者69例,其中轻度15例(早发轻度组),重度54例(早发重度组),分析血清CC水平和子痫前期发生及母儿结局的关系。并同期选择产前检查正常的妊娠孕妇100例,检测其孕中期和孕晚期血清CC水平作为对照。结果:①正常妊娠孕妇孕中期和孕晚期时血清CC分别为0.81±0.12mmol/L和1.01±0.18mmol/L。早发轻度组血清CC(1.15±0.39mmol/L)和早发重度组血清CC(1.69±0.68mmol/L),分别与正常妊娠孕妇的孕中期和孕晚期比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②早发重度组的血清CC水平高于早发轻度组(P<0.05);早发重度组收缩压、舒张压、尿酸、肌酐和24小时尿蛋白水平均明显高于早发轻度组(P<0.05);早发重度组的羊水过少、胎儿生长受限、胎死宫内、低蛋白血症、胎盘早剥和HEELP综合征等不良妊娠的发生率高于早发轻度组。③早发重度组中出现不良妊娠结局患者中的CC水平高于未出现不良妊娠结局患者(P<0.05)。结论:子痫前期患者在妊娠中期血清CC水平已高于正常妊娠妇女,可能与子痫前期的发生和不良妊娠结局的出现相关。     

Serum alpha-1-antitrypsin concentration during normal and diabetic pregnancy

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was a comparison of serum alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) concentration in the course of normal and diabetic pregnancy. METHODS: Serum AAT concentration was determined on NOR-Partigen plates (Behring Diagnostics GmbH, Marburg). The studied material included healthy women without pregnancy (n=14), healthy pregnant women in the first trimester (n=12), second trimester (n=15), third trimester (n=15), and 16 pregnant women with type-1 diabetes mellitus studied prospectively in successive stages of pregnancy. RESULTS: In the first trimester of normal pregnancy, a significant increase of serum AAT concentration was observed in comparison with healthy women without pregnancy (P<0.01). In all stages of pregnancy with type-1 diabetes mellitus, a higher increase of AAT concentration was found as compared with healthy pregnant women (P<0.0001), especially in third trimester. There was no correlation shown between concentration of AAT and fructosamine in the serum of healthy and diabetic pregnant women (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: During normal and diabetic pregnancy, an increase of serum AAT concentration occurred with the regression lines exhibiting a different slopes. The highest AAT concentration was observed in third trimester of diabetic pregnancy. Increase in concentration of AAT in the serum of pregnant women with diabetes does not depend on the value of glycaemic control.     

The effects of pregnancy on prolactin secretion in occulted hyperprolactinemia]

The changes in the maternal prolactin level during pregnancy and puerperium were studied in 14 patients with occulted hyperprolactinemia, 5 patients with functional hyperprolactinemia, and 135 women with normoprolactinemia. All of those with occulted hyperprolactinemia and functional hyperprolactinemia became pregnant through bromocriptine treatment. Higher prolactin levels were noted in occulted hyperprolactinemic patients from the first to second trimester of pregnancy, but in the third trimester prolactin levels fell to the normal control levels. This change completely resembled the change in functional hyperprolactinemic patients. Prolactin secreting capacities after puerperium returned to normal in 4 of the 5 patients with occulted hyperprolactinemia. These 4 became pregnant for the second time without any treatment. However, the other patient, whose prolactin secreting capacity was aggravated after the first puerperium, became pregnant the second time through bromocriptine treatment. These results indicate the following: 1) most cases of occulted hyperprolctinemia which may be due to functional lesions return to normal after pregnancy, 2) in rare cases of occulted hyperprolactinemia, prolactin secretion capacity is aggravated after the pregnancy, 3) it is important to observe the natural history of the patient in the treatment of occulted hyperprolactinemia.     

T辅助细胞1,2细胞因子平衡与正常妊娠及习惯性流产关系的 …

目的 探讨Ｔ辅助细胞１（Ｔｈ１）细胞因子（γ干扰素、肿瘤坏死因子α）、Ｔｈ２细胞因子（白细胞介素４、白细胞介素１０）平衡在母胎免疫耐受中的作用机理。方法 用半定量逆转录－聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ＿ＰＣＲ０技术,检测１１例正常未妊娠妇女、１０例正常早期妊娠妇女、１１例正常晚期妊娠妇女、１１例习惯性流产患者的外周血单个核细胞内γ干扰素、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素４、１０ｍＲＮＡ表达水平的相对含量。结果 （１