医学英语学习园地 第十六期

To the Editor: …The original Peking Union Medical College (PUMC)facilities and faculty have been reactivated as an eight-year medical school,the Capital Medical College of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.It is the only medical school in China with an eight-year curriculum. The first     

Traditional Chinese medicinal capsule for curing HIV/AIDS undergoes clinical test

A traditional Chinese medicinal capsule capable of curing HIV/AIDS has been put under clinical test with the approvalof the State Food and Drug Administration.Chen Dagang,inventor of the capsule and leader in charge of the clinical test,said the clinical test had been carried outin a number of medical establishments in Beijing,including You’an Hospital,the No.302Hospital of the ChinesePeople’s Liberation Army,Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Ditan Hospital since July7,and…     

LIANG Xiao-chun（梁晓春）--An Outstanding Endocrinologist of Integrative Medicine

LIANG Xiao-chun, director of the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） in Peking Union Medical College Hospital （PUMCH）, has been working there since she graduated from Beijing College of TCM in 1978. She received her Master＇s degree in Medicine from Peking Union Medical College （PUMC） in 1987. She was rapidly promoted to associate-professor in 1993 because of her exceptional academic achievement and again, to professor in 1997.     

RISK OF PATIENTS WITH HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY UNDERGOING NONCARDIAC SURGERY

Objective To determine the risk of noncardiac surgery in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Methods We reviewed the medical records of all patients who were diagnosed as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1998 to August 2006 and identified 24 patients who subsequently underwent noncardiac surgery.Results There were no intraoperative cardiac events.Postoperative cardiac events were identified in 3 patients including 1 death due to acute myocardial infarction and 2 episodes of transient hypotension.Conclusions The risk of anesthesia and noncardiac surgery is low in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.During the perioperative period,beta-blockers and/or calcium channel blockers should be given;vasodilator and inotropic agents should be avoided due to the side effects on hemodynamics.     

Fresh frozen plasma for the treatment of hereditary angioedema acute attacks

Objective To determine the safety and efficacy of fresh frozen plasma(FFP) infusion for the treatment of hereditary angioedema(HAE).Methods The medical records of patients with HAE admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital who had received FFP infusion during 2004 and 2010 were reviewed and PubMed database from 1966 to the present were searched using the following Key words:hereditary angioedema and fresh frozen plasma.The patient’s age,sex,body location of HAE attacks,the dose of FFP infusion,time of beginning to improvement,time to complete remission,complication,C1 inhibitor activity,and outcome were analyzed.Results A total of 13 enrolled patients(7 male and 6 female) received 16 times of FFP infusion,including 2 patients undergoing FFP infusion in Peking Union Medical College Hospital and 11 patients reported in the literature.The mean dosage of FFP infusion was 586±337 mL.Two cases suffered from worsening abdominal pain and one case experienced skin rash.Only 1 patient had no improvement in symptom owing to transfusion related reaction.There was a definite improvement in symptom 49±19 minutes after beginning FFP infusion.The remission time decreased from 61.7±27.0 hours to 3.3(2.0,12.0) hours after FFP infusion.FFP infusion was effective for both type Ⅰand type Ⅱ HAE.Conclusion FFP seems to be safe and effective for acute attacks of HAE.     

Surgical treatment of cardiac lipoma: 20 years’ experience in a single center

Background: Primary cardiac lipoma is very rare, and no consensus has been developed regarding its ideal treatment strategy. This study reviewed the surgical treatment of cardiac lipomas in 20 patients over 20 years.Methods: Twenty patients with cardiac lipomas were treated at Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College from January 1, 2002, to January 1, 2022. The patients’’ clinical data and pathological repo...     

Gender specific association of neonatal characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors on carotid intima-media thickness in a Chinese cohort

Background Multiple neonatal characteristics and adult cardiovascular risk factors are associated with the development of atherosclerosis, however little conclusive evidence exists characterizing the relative strength of these factors. In a large retrospective study, we investigated the association between both objective neonatal measurements and comprehensive adult cardiovascular risk factors with the development of atherosclerosis, quantified by carotid intima-media thickness （CIMT）. Further, we assessed the impact of gender on the relative impact of these risk factors.Methods CIMT, a measure of atherosclerosis, was determined by carotid ultrasound on 1568 participants （age 50-85）whose birth records were obtained from Peking Union Medical College Hospital. In addition, each participant was given a physical examination, and completed a medical questionnaire to identify a panel of cardiovascular risk factors. Multiple regression analysis was performed on the population and on the male and female cohorts individually, to identify the relative contribution of these risk factors to increased CIMT.Results For the total population the Framingham score, renal function, adult abdominal circumference and mother＇s gestational age were associated with CIMT, accounting for 14.7%, 1.4%, 0.9%, and 0.2% of total variance, respectively.In the male population the Framingham score, renal function, abdominal circumference and hemoglobin were the most significant risk factors for CIMT. Risk in the female population was associated with Framingham score, renal function,insulin resistance and gestational age. No relationship between birth weight or head circumference and CIMT were observed.Conclusions Adult cardiovascular risk factors were the most significantly associated with the development of atherosclerosis; however mother＇s age at birth was associated with CIMT, particularly in the female cohort. The relative contribution of the risk factors analyzed varied between the male and female populations.     

Clinical characters of gastrointestinal lesions in intestinal Behcet's disease

Objective To investigate the clinical features,diagnosis methods,therapeutic principles of intestinal Behcet's disease.Methods The clinical data of 45 patients with confirmed intestinal Behcet's disease admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from August 1998 to April 2010 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The clinical courses of patients with intestinal Behcet's disease were from 26 days to 33 years,and the average duration was 6.32±1.01 years.The appearance of extra-gastrointestinal symptoms...     

Phenotypic Modulation of Mesangial Cells in Diabetic Rats and Effect of Tujian Mixture (菟箭合剂) on It

Phenotypic Modulation of Mesangial Cells in Diabetic Rats and Effect of Tujian Mixture (菟箭合剂) on It@尹德海$Peking Union Medical College Hospital!Beijing (100730) @梁晓春$Peking Union Medical College Hospital!Beijing (100730) @郑法雷$Peking Union Medical College Hospital!Beijing (100730) @朴元林$Peking Union Medical College Hospital!Beijing (100730)…     

A resume of epidemiological surveys of several main rheumatic diseases in China

Rheumatology was for a long time a highly neglected area of medicine in China. The first rheumatology unit in the department of medicine was established in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital in 1980.     

FLASHLAMP－PUMPED PULSED DYE LASER IN TREATMENT OF PORT－WINE STAINS

Objective. To assess the effectiveness of the flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser (Photogeneca V, Synosure Corp, Boston, United States) in the treatment of port-wine stains. Methods. One hundred and ninety-four consecutive patients with port-wine stains were treated with a flash-lamp-pumped pulsed dye laser in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1998 to August 1999. Results. Of 194 patients who completed treatment, 56.2% had more than 60% fading of the lesion and only 6. 7% had less than 20% fading. An average of 3.6 treatments were needed to achieve more than 60% fading. The response was better in children than in adults, although the difference was not significant. Pigmentary change (usually transient) occurred in 3.1% of patients. Conclusions. This study confirms the efficacy of the flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser in the treatment of port-wine stains in children and adults.     

In Memory of Our Editorial Board Member Prof. ZHANG Zhi-nan

Prof.ZHANG Zhi-nan,China＇s famous hematologist,member of the editorial board of Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine,passed away at the age of 84 on July 18,2014 in Beijing.Prof.Zhang was born in Beijing in 1929 and graduated from Peiking Union Medical College in 1954.After graduating from the Peiking Union Medical College Hospital,he had worked in the Internal Department and Hematology Department,     

RECONSTRUCTION OF THE SELLAR FLOOR FOLLOWING TRANSSPHE-NOIDAL SURGERY USING GELATIN FOAM AND FIBRIN GLUE

Objective To introduce a new principle of sellar reconstruction and to evaluate the effectiveness of absorbable gelatin foam and fibrin glue for sellar reconstruction. Methods A total of 176 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for pituitary adenomas, cysts, chordomas, or subdiaphragmatic craniopharyngiomas in the sella turcica between January 2001 and April 2003 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were enrolled. Different techniques of sellar closure and indications for each specific condition were retrospectively reviewed. Results Seventy-seven （43.7%） patients developed a visible cerebrospinal fluid （CSF） leakage during surgery. Intraoperative CSF leakage were repaired simply with gelatin foam and fibrin glue in 62 （35.2%） patients, and with autologous fat graft and sellar floor reconstruction in 15 （8.5%） patients. Postoperative CSF rhinorrhea occurred only in 1 case. There were no visual deterioration, allergic rhinitis, meningitis, pneumocranium, granulomas, or other complications associated with the reconstruction procedure. Conclusion The procedure of using gelatin foam and fibrin glue and principle of cranial base reconstruction is safe and effective in preventing postoperative complications following transsphenoidal surgery.     

MANAGEMENT OF URETERAL ENDOMETRIOSIS： A REPORT OF TEN CASES

Objective To investigate the clinical features and management of ureteral endometriosis. Methods Patients surgically and histologically diagnosed as ureteral endometriosis from January 2001 to January 2007 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Results Ten patients were diagnosed as ureteral endometriosis among 7 561 cases with surgically and histologically proved diagnosis of endometriosis, with an incidence of 0.132%. Nine out of 10 patients were extrinsic ureteral endometriosis and concomitant with severe pelvic endometriosis, and the other was intrinsic ureteral endometriosis. Hormone therapy failed in 2 patients with urinary tract obstruction. Ureterolysis was performed in 6 patients and ureterectomy was performed in 4 patients. One case of ureteral recurrence was observed in a postmenopausal woman without hormonal replacement therapy who received laparoscopic ureterolysis and hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy. No relapse was observed in the other 9 patients. Conclusions Ureteral endometriosis is a rare entity. The upper urinary tract should be evaluated in patients with severe endometriosis, even in postmenopausal women. The treatment of ureteral endometriosis usually requires surgery, while ureterolysis should not be performed in patients with extensive disease. As a form of adjuvant therapy of surgery, hormonal therapy is an appropriate option.     

Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever in Hubei Frovince,The Peoples Repulic of China: A Clinical and Serological Study

<正> Between July 1975 and April 1980, 71 patients were admitted to the 2ndAttached Hospital of Hubei Provincial Medical College in Wuchang withthe diagnosis of Epidemic Hemorrhagic Fever (EHF). The clinical courseamong these patients was similar to that described for patients with KoreanHemorrhagic Fever, Nephropathica Epidemica of Scandanavia and Hemor-rhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome of the U.S.S.R. The overall mortalitywas 11.2％. Sera obtaincd from some of these patients as well as frompatients admitted to the First Attached Hospital of Hubei Provincial Me-dical College were tested against an antigen associated with Korean He-morrhagic Fever and showed exceedingly high antibody titers. We concludethat EHF in Centfal China represents the same disease process as KoreanHemorrhagic Fever.     

Univariate Risk Factors for Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation in Patients Undergoing Prosthetic Heart Valves Replacement Surgery

~~Univariate Risk Factors for Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation in Patients Undergoing Prosthetic Heart Valves Replacement Surgery@Ommari Baaliy Mkangara$Department of Cardiovascular Surgery,Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology! Wuhan 430030,China @张凯伦$Department of Cardiovascular Surgery,Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology!Wuhan 430030,China @杨运海$Department of Cardiovascula…     

H.I. CHU: PIONEER CLINICAL INVESTIGATOR OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND OSTEOMALACIA IN CHINA A SCIENTIFIC AND PERSONAL TRIBUTE

The recent death of Hsiervl Chu in Tianjini has removed the last link with a period of historic iⅡ卜 portance in the growth of knowledge about metabolic bone disease. The work of Chu and his colleagues at Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), as it was then called, is now largely forgotten, but it can still provide some useful lessons and suggestions for present-day investigators. Many of the observations madc at PUMC can be retrospectively explained in terms of current knowledge concerning vitamin D metabolism, but some of the questions raised remain unanswered.     

The present and the future of higher medical education in China.

THE CURRENT SITUATIONBefore the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949. China's higher medical education was very backward. In the 20 years before 1949. graduates from institutions of higher medical education totalled less than 10 000. In 1949. there were only 44 medical and pharmaceutical schools with 18 800 undergraduates. The higher medical education has taken a tortuous course of development after the founding of the People's Republic of China. The first phase (1949-1965) was a period of prelimi-nary formation of medical education system of new China. During this period, the experience of the former Soviet Union was followed in determining the objectives of higher medical education, the length of the curriculum, specialties, the structure of the curriculum, the contents of teaching, etc. and a preliminary system was instituted. The second phase (1966-1976) was a time of chaos during which the normal educational program was disrupted. The third phase started in 1977. The wrong line was re     

A GOOD MEDICAL EXCHANGE——TWO AMERICAN SCHOLARS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE VISITED OUR COLLEGE

Dr.Henry R.Black,associate professor of Internal Medicine and Dr.DavidS.Poll of Yale Medical School were invited as visiting scholars by the Departmentof Internal Medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Medical College,from April 23 to May 30,1982.They took part in work of the O.P.D.and consul-tations in the medical wards 5 times a week and discussed the diagnoses and treat-ments of some complicated cases with their Chinese colleagues.They gave a seriesof 9 lectures on epidemiology,differential diagnosis and treatment of hypertension,