粘膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)型淋巴瘤的临床特点和处理

粘膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)型淋巴瘤是非霍奇金恶性淋巴瘤中一个独立的亚型，有其独特的临床病理特点。它是结外低度恶性B细胞淋巴瘤中最常见的一型。此型淋巴瘤病人常有慢性感染病史或自身免疫性疾病。MALT淋巴瘤是一种惰性病变，可较长时间局限于局部。局部治疗有效。胃MALT淋巴瘤最常见。本文以胃MALT淋巴瘤为重点，对MALT淋巴瘤的临床特点和处理作一个综述。     

胃粘膜相关淋巴组织恶性淋巴瘤——11例临床病理及免疫组化研究

 本文报导11例胃粘膜相关淋巴组织恶性淋巴瘤(Mucosa AssociatedLymphoid Tissuse——Malignant Lymphoma,MALT—ML),临床特征病灶多局限于胃,以局部治疗为主。组织学:绝大多数属B淋巴瘤,以裂～无裂为主。淋巴上皮病变在活检中有诊断价值。1例富有组织细胞性ML。PL可以恶变为MALT—ML,预后较其它类型好。局部淋巴结转移出现假滤泡结构。Ci单克隆阳性率为64%。     

胃原发性MALT淋巴瘤临床病理分析

目的:探讨我区胃原发性黏膜相关淋巴组织型结外边缘区B细胞淋巴瘤(下称MALT淋巴瘤)的临床病理特点.方法:对14例胃原发性MALT淋巴瘤临床病理资料进行回顾性分析,并用免疫组化S-P法作下列抗体染色:HP、LCA、CD3、CD5、CD10、CD20、cyclinD1、1gM、κ、λ及BCL-2等.结果:男性5例,女性9例,中位年龄56岁.7例位于胃窦部,7例位于胃体.临床分期为:Ⅰ期8例(57%),Ⅱ期6例.l4例均表现为溃疡型病灶,病灶周围黏膜呈息肉样增生.组织学特点为:肿瘤细胞以边缘区B细胞为主,混有少量母化的细胞及浆细胞,可见淋巴上皮病变及反应性淋巴滤泡,7例(50%)可见向弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤转化区.免疫组化染色:HP阳性7例(50%),肿瘤细胞表达LCA、CD20、IgM;表达单一的轻链κ阳性5例、λ阳性9例;CD3、CD5、CD10、cyclinD1均阴性,中小肿瘤细胞BCL-2阳性,大细胞BCL-2阴性.结论:胃MALT淋巴瘤好发于中老年女性,易向弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤转化.     

粘膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤临床病理研究

目的：探讨粘膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤临床病理特征。方法：对我院确诊和会诊的粘膜相关淋巴瘤18例，进行临床病理分析。按原发部位分为胃肠(GI)和非胃肠(NON-GI)两组，男性11例，女性7例，男女之比为1．6：1，平均年龄52岁(31岁-63岁)。结果：Gl组9例，临床表现无特异性，以腹部疼痛最常见，占本组78％(7／9)，其次是腹部包块，占33％(3／9)，内镜下表现多样；NON-GI组9例，以局部无痛性包块为主。手术后标本行免疫组化染色，结果均为B细胞恶性淋巴瘤。结论：粘膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤是非霍奇金淋巴瘤的一种亚型，具有起病隐匿，病程长，进展慢及患病率低，好发于中老年男性，治疗和预后良好等特征。     

原发性胃黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤60例临床分析

目的探讨原发性胃黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的诊断、治疗、预后的特点。方法对1999年1月至2007年12月间收治的60例胃黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤患者的资料进行了回顾性研究,对临床分期、肿瘤大小、浸润深度、手术等指标做单因素和多因素分析。结果本组51例获得随访,平均随访时间39.7个月（1～93个月）。全组1,3,5年的总体生存率分别为80.3%、73.3%和68.1%,平均生存期67个月。全组1,3,5年的无病生存率分别为64.6%、62.2%和62.2%,平均无病生存期59个月。ⅠE期的5年生存率为86.7%,平均生存期82个月;ⅡE期的5年生存率为50%,平均生存期56个月;Ⅲ～Ⅳ期的5年生存率为42.9%,平均生存期26个月。手术治疗的患者5年生存率72.3%,平均生存期69个月;非手术治疗的5年生存率76.5%,平均生存期47个月（P=0.681）。结论单因素分析显示,胃黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤预后不良因素包括肿瘤大小（≥10 cm）、浸润深度（侵达浆膜层或浆膜层外）、Ⅲ～Ⅲ期病例、有复发转移,多因素分析显示临床分期为独立预后因素。     

肺黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤临床病理观察

目的:探讨肺黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的临床病理特点及诊断与鉴别诊断。方法:对4例肺黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的临床资料、组织学形态及免疫组化结果进行分析。结果:肿瘤大体呈结节状,镜下见边缘区B细胞结节样增生,并向周围肺泡和肺泡间质弥漫性浸润,形成特征性的飘带样和串珠样结构。免疫组化标记,肿瘤细胞CD20、CD79a、Igλ、BCL-10阳性,CD3、CD45RO、CD5、CD23、CyclinD1、CD10、BCL-2阴性。结论:肺的黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤较为少见,组织形态特征是其诊断的主要依据,免疫组化有助于鉴别诊断。     

肺黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤临床病理观察

目的：探讨肺黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的临床病理特点及诊断与鉴别诊断。方法：对4例肺黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的临床资料、组织学形态及免疫组化结果进行分析。结果：肿瘤大体呈结节状,镜下见边缘区B细胞结节样增生,并向周围肺泡和肺泡间质弥漫性浸润,形成特征性的飘带样和串珠样结构。免疫组化标记,肿瘤细胞CD20、CD79a、Igλ、BCL-10阳性,CD3、CD45RO、CD5、CD23、CyclinD1、CD10、BCL-2阴性。结论：肺的黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤较为少见,组织形态特征是其诊断的主要依据,免疫组化有助于鉴别诊断。     

胃黏膜相关淋巴样组织淋巴瘤42例临床分析

探讨胃黏膜相关淋巴样组织淋巴瘤的临床表现、病理特征和治疗方法。方法：回顾性分析1990年7月至2008年5月间42例胃MALT淋巴瘤的病理特征和临床分期等资料,并按治疗方式不同划分为单纯根除Hp组（7例）、单纯手术组（9例）、手术+根除Hp组（20例）、手术+放、化疗组（6例）,对各治疗组随访结果使用Kaplan-Meier方法进行生存率分析,Log Rank检验评估各组间的统计学差异。结果：全组患者均接受胃镜检查,确诊率26.2%（11/42）,HP染色阳性率70.6%（24/34）。免疫表型分析证实全部为B细胞性淋巴瘤。全组Cotswolds改良Ann Arbor分期：ⅠE2期17例,ⅡE1期16例,ⅡE2期6例,ⅢE期2例,Ⅳ期1例。各组5年生存率分别为100%、83.7%、82.4%及43.0%（P=0.027）。结论：胃MALT淋巴瘤的临床表现和辅助检查均无明显特异性,故初治时接受手术治疗的患者较多。病理确诊者可首选根除Hp治疗,疗效与手术无异;晚期患者可在术后选择放、化疗等综合治疗,但远期生存率相对较差。     

胃黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的治疗策略

目的:总结国内外对胃黏膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤的病因学、诊断和治疗的最新进展。方法:应用检索MDELINE及CHKD期刊全文数据库检索系统,以"黏膜相关淋巴瘤"和"胃淋巴瘤"为关键词。纳入标准:1)胃MALT淋巴瘤的病因学和基因病理学特征;2)胃MALT淋巴瘤临床特征和分期;3)胃MALT淋巴瘤的治疗。共纳入分析23篇参考文献。结果:H.Pylori感染是胃MALT淋巴瘤的主要病因,抗感染治疗可以使近80%H.Pylori阳性胃MALT淋巴瘤完全消退。因此,抗感染治疗成为早期胃MALT淋巴瘤的标准一线治疗。抗感染无效或复发的患者可以采取放疗、化疗和分子靶向治疗等综合治疗手段。结论:过去人们对胃MALT淋巴瘤常常行手术切除,术后辅助化疗或放疗。但随着近年来对其病因学和生物学行为的认识,目前治疗以非手术治疗为主,目的是保全器官功能,提高患者生活质量。     

胃黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤临床分析

 目的 探讨胃黏膜相关（MALT）淋巴瘤的临床特点和合理治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析总结10例胃MALT淋巴瘤临床资料,包括临床表现、胃镜、胃活组织病理检查、免疫组化检查及幽门螺杆菌（HP）检测和治疗方法。结果 10例均有上腹部不适或疼痛,其中6例伴有黑便。胃镜检查均见病灶处分布大小不等结节状隆起,病灶质地僵硬,接触易出血,7例见病灶处分布大小不等溃疡。6例病灶位于胃窦,2例位于胃角,2例位于胃体;胃活组织病理检查均显示胃黏膜组织中间质内有大量小淋巴细胞弥漫性浸润,浸润淋巴滤泡的边缘带,取代和破坏部分胃黏膜腺体和上皮成分。免疫组化：LCA（+）,CD+20,CD+79a,bcl-2（+）,CD-3,CD-5,CD-10,KP-1（-）,Ki-67（-）。HP检测7例阴性,3例阳性。治疗：5例手术+化疗,2例单纯化疗,2例单纯手术,1例单纯抗HP治疗。除2例手术治疗患者失访外,其余8例至今均处于完全缓解期（CR）,CR时间7 ~ 36个月,中位CR时间17.8个月。结论 胃MALT淋巴瘤临床表现不典型,其发生和HP感染密切相关,诊断主要依据病理和免疫组化检查,其显示免疫表型以结外边缘带B细胞呈单克隆浸润为特点,抗HP治疗是有效治疗方法。     

粘膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤的细胞遗传学研究

对８例分别位于胃、小肠等部位的低度恶性的粘膜相关淋巴组织的Ｂ细胞性淋巴瘤进行了染色体分析。结果发现染色体以结构畸变为主，分别涉及到２ｐ＾１１－１３，７ｑ＾２１，１０ｐ＾１３－１５，１１ｑ＾１３，１２ｐ＾１１－１２，１４ｑ３２以及１６ｑ＾２４等部位。此结果表明，ＡＬＴ淋巴瘤具有与淋巴结内的淋巴瘤相似的细胞遗传学特性，可能反映了Ｂ淋巴细胞淋巴瘤的共同的发病机理。     

眼眶MALT淋巴瘤临床病理及形态定量研究

对5例眼眶MALT恶性淋巴瘤(均为男性,平均年龄55.4岁)进行临床病理、免疫组化及形态定量测定研究.标本采用常规石蜡切片,HE染色及ABC法免疫组化染色,用HPIAS-1000彩色图像分析系统对肿瘤细胞核的形态进行定量测定.5例均为小淋巴细胞型恶性淋巴瘤,免疫组化染色瘤细胞表达均为LCA和L26阳性,形态定量测定表明肿瘤细胞与对照组间14项参数具有高度显著性差异(p＜0.001).说明免疫组化染色及形态定量测定对眼眶恶性淋巴瘤的诊断和鉴别诊断具有重要意义,形态定量测定为眼眶恶性淋巴瘤疑难病例的诊断提供了一种新的重要辅助诊断方法.     

26例胃原发恶性淋巴瘤的临床及预后分析

目的：探讨提高胃原发恶性淋巴瘤的早期诊断率和长期生存率的方法。方法：对经手术和病理确诊的10例胃原发性恶性淋巴瘤进行分析。结果：10例经胃镜活检病理证实,16例均手术病理证实,随访22例,5年生存率50％（11例）。结论：胃原发性恶性淋巴瘤的临床表现无特异性,胃镜检查必须深挖多取才能得到阳性结果,结合X线及活检组织免疫组化检查可提高早期诊断率。治疗以手术后化疗（CHOP方案）为主,清除HP是治疗的关键,其预后与临床分期有关。     

胃原发性恶性淋巴癌10例临床分析

目的　通过观察胃原发性恶性淋巴瘤的临床 ,胃镜、X线表现及治疗结果 ,探讨提高早期诊断率。方法　复习近年来经手术和病理确诊的 10例胃原发性恶性淋巴瘤进行分析。结果　 2例经胃镜活检病理证实 ,8例均手术病理证实 ,随访病例 2例于手术后一年死亡。结论　胃原发性恶性淋巴瘤的临床表现无特异性 ,胃镜检查必须探挖多取才能得到阳性结果 ,结合 X线及活检组织免疫组化检查可提高早期诊断率。治疗以手术后化疗 (CHOP方案 )为主 ,清除 HP是治疗的关键 ,其预后与临床分期有关     

A journey into insidious world of MALT lymphoma of the ileum: from the beginning to the end

Introduction

Lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) has been used to describe a marginal zone B-cell lymphoma derived from gastrointestinal lymphoid tissue. mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALToma) of the ileum are extremely rare and only few reports with endoscopic features have been reported.

Case study

We present a 55-year-old male patient with history of abdominal pain and loss of appetite since 2½ years. Abdomino-pelvic ultrasonography was normal, but computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen showed, dilated segment of ileum containing both contrast and debris. He underwent segmental resection of ileum associated with stricture site, histopathology of which revealed MALToma of ileum. Patient was subsequently treated with low dose chemotherapy and strictly followed up.

Discussion

Primary treatment possibility should be considered as the treatment of H. pylori infection while surgical resection for superficial lesions followed by low dose chemotherapy is recommended. The present case report explore MALToma of the GI tract, its diagnostic criterions, role of radiological and pathological tools, various investigative techniques and role of surgery and chemotherapy in such cases.     

Primary Breast mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (malt) lymphoma with high-grade transformation evidenced by prominent lymphoepithelial lesions

Primary breast lymphoma, particularly primary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, is a rare disease. We report here a case of a MALT lymphoma of the breast with high-grade transformation. An 84-year-old woman presented with a Pagetoid mass in her right breast. After a clinical diagnosis of breast cancer, T2N1M0, stage IIB, she underwent mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection. She had no history of autoimmune disease such as Hashimoto thyroiditis or Sjogren disease. Pathologically the tumor tissue was composed of small to large lymphoid cells. The large cells contained a considerable number of centroblasts, forming a sheet-like proliferation centrally. Among the small cells many small cleaved cells were present, which were more predominant in the peripheral areas. Immunohistochemistry revealed that these cells were positive for CD20 and CD79a. The tumor cells infiltrated the ductular epithelial cells, distorting the duct structures, to form lymphoepithelial lesions. Immunohistochemistry for cytokeratin and CD20 was helpful for identification. No germinal centers were formed. MALT lymphoma with high-grade transformation was diagnosed. Rituximab (anti-CD20 antibody) was prescribed as systemic treatment without chemotherapy or irradiation. After 18 months, no tumor recurrence was observed. We emphasize the importance of lymphoepithelial lesions for the diagnosis of MALT lymphoma of the breast.     

Synchronous adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma in a single stomach

BACKGROUND: Synchronous gastric adenocarcinoma and primary gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma are rare, and the characteristics of these tumors are still unclear. METHODS: Histology of endoscopic and surgical specimens of 6012 gastric adenocarcinoma and 25 primary gastric MALT lymphoma cases were reviewed. RESULTS: Five cases of synchronous tumors were found among 25 primary gastric MALT lymphoma patients (20.0%) and among 6012 gastric adenocarcinoma patients (8.3%). Helicobacter pylori was detected only in two cases (40.0%) of these five synchronous cases. In only one case, two types of malignant cells were mingled each other as a colliding tumor. In other four cases, two pathologies coexisted separately. These two types of malignant tumors were not distinguished by endoscopic or gross findings. CONCLUSIONS: Although gastric adenocarcinoma coexists with MALT lymphoma at a relatively high frequency, synchronous carcinoma can be misinterpreted as a multifocal separated lesion of MALT lymphoma owing to their macroscopic resemblance. Therefore, gastric MALT lymphoma patients should be carefully examined by endoscopy, and any suspicious area must be biopsied considering the possibility of coexisting adenocarcinoma. In addition, etiologies other than H. pylori should be considered in these synchronous tumors.     

Simultaneous occurrence of colonic adenocarcinoma and MALT lymphoma: A series of three cases

Simultaneous development of adenocarcinoma and primary B cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue(MALT) lymphoma of the colon is rare;only one case has so far been reported out of 13 cases with the coexistence of colonic adenocarcinoma with involvement of the colon by lymphoma.We hereby present three more cases,two females(aged 75 and 71 years) and a male(aged 72 years).All three underwent colectomy based on a preoperative biopsy revealing colonic carcinoma.Histological examination of the resection specimens disclosed a colonic adenocarcinoma in two cases,whereas a tubulovillous adenoma with superficial foci of intraepithelial adenocarcinoma was seen in the thirdcase.Moreover,in all three cases,a coexisting MALT lymphoma was diagnosed in the colon(1 case),in both colon and adjacent lymph nodes(1 case) or in colonic lymph nodes and omentum(1 case).In the last case,a post-operative bone marrow biopsy revealed extensive infiltration of the bone marrow,due to which the patient received postoperative chemotherapy.Diagnostic and treatment issues are briefly discussed.     

Primary hepatic marginal zone lymphoma: A rare coincidence

Primary hepatic lymphoma (PHL) is an extremely rare disease and is often misdiagnosed. The optimal therapy is still unclear and the outcomes are uncertain. Among PHLs, a primary hepatic low-grade marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue is still rarer. The present study reports the case of an elderly female diagnosed with PHL (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue) and treated with single agent rituximab. After 18 months, she had a progressive disease and developed Waldenstorms macroglobulinemia concomitantly. To date, the patient has received 2 cycles of the RCOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone) regimen and patient′s condition is presently stable. This case is reported for its rarity and to convey the importance of the meticulous examination of the tissue. Diagnosis of this condition is important, because the disease is treatable.     

中国北方地区原发性眼附属器黏膜相关淋巴组织淋巴瘤染色体易位的间期FISH分析

目的 探讨淋巴瘤常见染色体易位在中国北方地区眼附属器黏膜相关淋巴组织(MALT)淋巴瘤中的发生率、意义及间期荧光原位杂交(FISH)方法在我国石蜡包埋组织中检测分子遗传学异常的可行性.方法 收集1995年4月至2007年8月原发性眼附属器MALT淋巴瘤石蜡包埋组织标本28份,米用IgH、MALT1(18q21)、bcl-6、c-myc、bcl-2、CCND1、bcl-10和FOXP1双色分离重排探针,利用问期FISH的方法,检测淋巴瘤常见染色体易位在眼附属器MALT淋巴瘤中的发生率.结果 所有标本均杂交成功.28份眼附属器MALT淋巴瘤标本中,IgH基因位点断裂1份,但其MALT1、bcl-6、c-myc、bel-2、CCND1、bcl-10和FOXP1基因均未见断裂,即未找到与IgH发生相互易位的伙伴基因.其余27份标本IgH、MALT1和bcl-6基因位点均未断裂,表明与MALT淋巴瘤相关的t(11;18)(q21;q21)/API2-MALT1、t(14;18)(q32;q21)/IgH-MALT1、t(1;14)(p22;q32)/bcl-10-IgH、t (3;14)(p14.1;q32)/FOXP1-IgH以及涉及bcl-6基因的染色体易位在本组病例中发生率为0.结论中国北方地区眼附属器MALT淋巴瘤中,罕见MALT淋巴瘤特异性染色体易位及其他淋巴瘤常见染色体易位,但可能存在新的涉及IgH基因的染色体易位.间期FISH方法是检测石蜡包埋组织分子遗传学异常的可靠方法.