经尿道电汽化术联合电切术治疗前列腺增生症122例

目的探讨经尿道前列腺电汽化术(transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate,TUVP)联合经尿道前列腺电切术(transurethral resection of the prostate,TURP)治疗良性前列腺增生症(benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH)的效果. 方法 TUVP联合TURP治疗122例BPH.根据Rous提出的前列腺大小估重及分度法,Ⅰ度增生8例,Ⅱ度增生58例,Ⅲ度增生32例,Ⅳ度增生24例. 结果手术时间20～140 min ,平均68 min.术中出血量40～200 ml,平均80 ml.2例术后输血200 ml,无前列腺电切综合征发生.平均留置尿管6 d.122例随访4～19个月,平均10个月,国际前列腺症状评分由术前的(30.2±2.3)分降至术后(10.8±2.5)分(t=10.84,P=0.000),剩余尿量由术前的(252.6±65.3)ml降至术后的 (35.6±10.4)ml(t＝23.52,P=0.000),最大尿流率从(8.5±2.8)ml/s上升至(20.6±3.8)ml/s(t=6.67,P=0.000).术后暂时性尿失禁2例,前尿道狭窄2例. 结论联合应用TUVP及TURP治疗BPH 疗效满意.     

经尿道电汽化前列腺切除术电切综合征(附19例报告)

目的　探讨经尿道电汽化前列腺切除术 (TUVP)经尿道电切综合征 (TURS)的诊治经验。　方法　应用单纯汽化电极和汽化切割电极共行TUVP术 2 13例 ,其中 19例 (8.9% )手术结束时血清钠值 <12 5mmol/L ,回顾性分析 19例患者手术、监护、临床检验资料。　结果　 19例平均手术时间 79min ,平均失血 156ml ,前列腺包膜切破 4例 (2 1% ) ,切割获取前列腺组织平均重 2 0 .7g。19例手术结束时血清钠值较术前 (13 6.9± 3 .9)mmol/L下降 (15.8± 5.8)mmol/L ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 0 1)。血Hb下降 (16.0± 8.5) g/L(P <0 .0 1)。血HCT下降 (3 .68± 8.3 0 ) % (P >0 .0 5)。11例 (57.9% )无不适症状 (2例中心静脉压曾明显升高 ) ;8例 (42 .1% )有呕吐、烦躁、心动过缓、低血压、寒战等症状 (7例中心静脉压曾明显升高 ) ,经应用利尿剂等好转。　结论　TUVP手术仍有发生TURS的危险 ,尤其在手术时间长、前列腺包膜切破、术中失血增多时。密切监视中心静脉压、血清钠及患者对手术的副反应 ,可防止TURS的发生     

快速血糖监测预测经尿道前列腺汽化电切术中尿道电切综合征的效果评价(附168例报告)

目的探讨术中快速血糖监测预测经尿道前列腺汽化电切术(TUVP)术中尿道电切综合征(TURS)的临床效果. 方法对168例前列腺增生症患者行TUVP,以5%葡萄糖作灌注液,术前、术中每隔15 min及术后查血糖、血钠,分析血糖水平升高程度与TURS发生的关系. 结果血糖升高的程度与血钠下降幅度成正比.术中血糖显著升高4例,均出现TURS(2.38%);轻微升高13例,均发生TURS先兆(7.74%),经及时处理,均治愈出院.随访3～11个月,恢复良好.TURS患者血糖上升幅度大于10 mmol/L或血糖水平超过15 mmol/L出现TURS的可能性明显增加. 结论术中快速血糖监测预测TUVP术中TURS的发生具有灵敏、准确、快速、方便等优点.通过监测术中血糖的改变能及时发现TURS先兆并有效减少TURS的发生.     

经尿道前列腺等离子电切术治疗前列腺增生163例临床疗效分析

目的 探讨经尿道前列腺等离子电切术治疗前列腺增生症的临床疗效. 方法 采用英国Gyrus公司的等离子体双极汽化电切设备治疗前列腺增生症163例. 结果 本组手术时间65～260 min,平均(90.3±22.6)min.切除的前列腺组织重18.5 ～79.5 9,平均(42.6±11.5)g.术中未输血,未发生TURS.均获随访,随访6～48个月.患者IPSS评分3～13分,平均(6.5±0.6)分；QOL评分0～2分,平均(1.2±0.3)分；膀胱残余尿量O～60 ml,平均(15.0±2.3)ml.上述3个指标与术前比较差异均有显著性(P＜0.01). 结论 经尿道前列腺等离子电切术因其安全、有效、适应证广、疗效确切,已成为前列腺增生症手术治疗的有效方法.     

经尿道悬浮离子电切治疗良性前列腺增生

目的 探讨经尿道悬浮离子电切治疗良性前列腺增生(BPH)的安全性与有效性.方法 BPH患者216例.年龄57～92岁,平均70岁;＞80岁72例.前列腺汽化电切术后复发12例.均有BPH所致的排尿症状,有尿潴留史127例.病程6个月～28年,平均5.2年.B超测定前列腺体积为(52.6±12.7)ml,最大为146.6 ml.合并糖尿病62例、心血管疾患83例、术前置起搏器24例.均采用经尿道悬浮离子电切行前列腺切除术(SPRP).观察手术时间、术中出血量,是否发生前列腺电切综合征(TURS)和闭孔神经反射,比较患者手术前后国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)及尿动力学改善的情况.结果 216例均顺利完成手术.手术时间(53±11)min,出血量(89.2±23.8)ml.切除前列腺重(39.5±8.3)g,均未出现TURS和闭孔神经反射.术后出现尿道狭窄12例,行尿道扩张后治愈.216例术后随访3～32个月,IPSS由术前(24.6±3.9)分降至(8.4±3.9)分,生活质量评分由(5.7±0.6)分降至(2.0±0.5)分;剩余尿量由(73.6±19.5)ml减少至(16.5±8.6)ml;最大尿流率由(7.9±4.3)ml/s升至(19.2±6.3)ml/s.结论 SPRP是一种安全、高效、并发症少的经尿道前列腺电切方法,在临床上有良好的应用前景.     

经尿道气化电切术治疗前列腺增生100例

目的 探讨治疗前列腺增生症(BPH)的有效手术方法。方法 采用经尿道前列腺电切术（TURP)结合气化术（TUVP)治疗BPHl00例。结果 手术时间40-120min，平均70min；平均切除腺体24g；术中出血少，术后排尿良好；2例术后继发性出血；2例术后3月出现膀胱颈挛缩；无电切综合征（TURS)发生。结论 TURP与TUVP的联合应用，对治疗BPH是一种安全有效的手术方法。     

经尿道前列腺汽化电切术218例临床分析

目的:探讨经尿道前列腺汽化电切术(transurethral vaporization electro-prostatectomy,TUVP)治疗前列腺增生症(benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH)的疗效。方法:为218例BPH患者行TUVP。结果:手术均获成功,平均手术时间45min,平均切除前列腺35g,术后国际前列腺症状评分平均降低14.0分,最大尿流率平均为19.0ml/s。术后随访6~12个月,无严重并发症发生。结论:TUVP治疗BPH疗效确切,安全,并发症少。     

重度前列腺增生症的经尿道气化电切治疗

目的探讨经尿道前列腺气化电切术(TUVP)治疗重度前列腺增生症(BPH)的效果。方法应用铲状(气化切割)电极行TUVP治疗重度BPH患者331例,前列腺重量平均83.6 g。结果手术时间平均101.9 min,均未输血,无电切综合征发生,术后留置尿管3~7 d,随访12~24个月,国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)由术前平均27.5分下降为术后平均5.9分,最大尿流率(MFR)由术前平均6.5 ml/s升高为术后平均19.4 ml/s。结论TUVP治疗重度BPH手术安全,疗效确切。     

经尿道等离子体电切加剜除术治疗BPH(附230例报告)

目的:探讨经尿道等离子体双极电切(TUPKVP)加剜除术治疗BPH的安全性和疗效.方法:回顾性分析经尿道等离子体双极电切加剜除术治疗BPH 230例临床资料.结果:手术操作45～150 min,术中平均失血(1004±20)ml.切除前列腺重量约12～90 g,平均(30±9)g.无经尿道前列腺电切综合征发生.23例(10%)术后膀胱痉挛;2例(0.8%)继发术后出血再次电凝止血.随访2～24个月,IPSS评分平均降至5分.无剩余尿.结论:经尿道等离子体前列腺电切术加剜除术具有安全性高、出血少,手术时间短、并发症少、疗效确切等优点.     

经尿道气化结合电切术治疗前列腺增生

目的探讨经尿道前列腺气化电切术（TUVP）联合经尿道前列腺电切术（TURP）治疗前列腺增生的疗效。方法回顾性分析TuvP联合TURP治疗前列腺增生症602例的临床资料。结果手术时间30．150min,平均70min。术中输血5例（0．8％）,术中前列腺包膜穿孔7例（1．1％）,出现电切综合征（TURS）10例（1．7％）,因术中出血中转开放手术3例（0．4％）。无永久性尿失禁病例。术后随访378例,随访时间3-120个月,IPSS由术前21．1下降至7．6;最大尿流量由术前10．3ml／s增加至19．3ml／s。结论联合应用TUVP和TURP治疗前列腺增生症具有效果好、安全性高及并发症少等优点,值得临床推广应用。     

顺行与逆行输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗合并感染的输尿管结石比较

目的 比较顺行经皮肾输尿管镜下与逆行经尿道输尿管镜下钬激光碎石取石术治疗合并感染的输尿管结石过程中手术时间、并发症、血清C反应蛋白浓度的改变等,为选择手术方式提供依据.方法 选择2008年4月至2010年10月在我院住院手术治疗的合并感染的输尿管结石患者102例,根据手术适应证分组,45例接受经皮肾输尿管镜取石术,57例接受经尿道输尿管镜取石术.术前、术中、术后检查记录手术时间、住院时间、并发症等指标,并分别于术前第1天,手术后24h测定血清C反应蛋白含量,比较两组间有无差异.结果 两组患者在性别、年龄、结石大小、病程长短等方面无明显差异(P＞0.05);顺行经皮肾微造瘘组的手术成功率、一期结石清除率高于逆行手术组(P＜0.05),并发症发生率两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),PCNL组平均手术时间及住院时间较长(P＜0.05).术前两组血清CRP含量无差异,术后24h有明显差异(P＜0.05),顺行组较逆行组明显减少.结论 对于合并感染的输尿管结石的治疗,经皮肾输尿管镜取石术对机体全身的影响低于经尿道输尿管镜取石术,治疗方式的选择主要取决于结石的部位,对于第四腰椎平面以上的输尿管上段结石PCNL术更安全有效.     

Complications of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)--incidence, management, and prevention

OBJECTIVES: To update the complications of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), including management and prevention based on technological evolution. METHODS: Based on a MEDLINE search from 1989 to 2005, the 2003 results of quality management of Baden-Württemberg, and long-term personal experience at three German centers, the incidence of complications after TURP was analyzed for three subsequent periods: early (1979-1994); intermediate (1994-1999); and recent (2000-2005) with recommendations for management and prevention. RESULTS: Technological improvements such as microprocessor-controlled units, better armamentarium such as video TUR, and training helped to reduce perioperative complications (recent vs. early) such as transfusion rate (0.4% vs. 7.1%), TUR syndrome (0.0% vs. 1.1%), clot retention (2% vs. 5%), and urinary tract infection (1.7% vs. 8.2%). Urinary retention (3% vs. 9%) is generally attributed to primary detrusor failure rather than to incomplete resection. Early urge incontinence occurs in up to 30-40% of patients; however, late iatrogenic stress incontinence is rare (<0.5%). Despite an increasing age (55% of patients are older than 70), the associated morbidity of TURP maintained at a low level (<1%) with a mortality rate of 0-0.25%. The major late complications are urethral strictures (2.2-9.8%) and bladder neck contractures (0.3-9.2%). The retreatment rate range is 3-14.5% after five years. CONCLUSIONS: TURP still represents the gold standard for managing benign prostatic hyperplasia with decreasing complication rates. Technological alternatives such as bipolar and laser treatments may further minimize the risks of this technically difficult procedure.     

A Prospective,Randomised Trial Comparing Plasmakinetic Enucleation to Standard Transurethral Resection of the Prostate for Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Three-year Follow-up Results

Background

Plasmakinetic enucleation of the prostate (PKEP) has recently been proved a safe and technically feasible procedure for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, its long-term safety, efficacy, and durability in comparison with the gold-standard transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) have not yet been reported.

Objective

To report the 3-yr follow-up results of a prospective, randomised clinical trial comparing PKEP with standard TURP for symptomatic BPH.

Design, setting, and participants

A total of 204 patients with bladder outflow obstruction (BOO) secondary to BPH were prospectively randomised 1:1 into either the PKEP group or the TURP group.

Intervention

The patients in each group underwent the procedure accordingly.

Measurements

All patients were assessed perioperatively and followed at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 mo postoperatively. The preoperative and postoperative parameters included International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL) scores, the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire, maximum urinary flow rates (Q_max), transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)–assessed prostate volume, postvoid residual urine (PVRU) volume, and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. Patient baseline characteristics, perioperative data, and postoperative outcomes were compared. All complications were recorded.

Results and limitations

PKEP was significantly superior to TURP in terms of the drop in haemoglobin (0.74 ± 0.33 g/dl vs 1.88 ± 1.06 g/dl; p < 0.001), intraoperative irrigation volume (11.7 ± 4.5 l vs 15.4 ± 6.2 l; p < 0.001), postoperative irrigation volume and time (18.5 ± 7.6 l vs. 30.0 ± 11.4 l and 16.6 ± 5.2 h vs 25.3 ± 8.5 h; all p < 0.001), recovery room stay (67.3 ± 11.1 min vs 82.0 ± 16.4 min; p < 0.001), catheterisation time (51.7 ± 26.3 h vs 80.5 ± 31.6 h; p < 0.001), hospital stay (98.4 ± 20.4 h vs 134.2 ± 31.5 h; p < 0.001), and resected tissue (56.4 ± 12.8 g vs 43.8 ± 15.5 g; p < 0.001). There were no statistical differences in operation time and sexual function between the two groups. At 36 mo postoperatively, the PKEP group had a maintained and statistically significant improvement in IPSS (2.4 ± 2.2 vs 4.3 ± 2.9; p < 0.001), QoL (0.6 ± 0.5 vs 1.6 ± 1.4; p < 0.001), Q_max (28.8 ± 10.1 ml/s vs 25.1 ± 8.0 ml/s; p = 0.017), and TRUS volume (21.0 ± 7.3 ml vs 26.4 ± 6.8 ml; p < 0.001), with urodynamically proven deobstruction (Schäfer grade 0.2 ± 0.02 vs 0.8 ± 0.1; p < 0.001). More extensive clinical trials are required to validate these results.

Conclusions

PKEP is a safe and highly effective technique for relieving BOO. At 3-yr follow-up, the clinical efficacy of PKEP is durable and compares favourably with TURP.     

Transurethral ethanol ablation of the prostate (TEAP): an effective minimally invasive treatment alternative to traditional surgery for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in high-risk comorbidity patients

Objective  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transurethral ethanol ablation of the prostate (TEAP) for patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and high-risk comorbidities. Materials and methods  Thirty-six patients (mean age 77.3 years) with symptomatic BPH or persistent urinary retention were assessed at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment. All patients were affected by comorbidities (cardiovascular, respiratory, hematologic, neoplastic, dysmetabolic diseases, or coagulation disorders). Baseline evaluation was achieved by the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and quality of life (QoL) score, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), and the maximum peak flow rate with evaluation of post-voiding residual urine volume (PVR). Treatment was performed by injecting dehydrated ethanol at a rate correlated to prostate volume into the prostate. The primary end-point for response was ≥80% improvement of the maximum peak flow rate and significant reduction of the PVR; secondary end-points included symptom improvement (≥40% reduction in IPSS and QoL scores). Statistical analysis was carried out with Pearson’s Chi-square test and the non-parametric Wilcoxon test with an assigned statistical significance at P < 0.05. Results  During the active follow-up period, we observed a statistically significant decrease of the baseline at the end of the study in the total IPSS score and in the QoL score. The mean peak flow rate improved from 6.0 ± 2.40 ml/min to 15.2 ± 0.14 ml/min (P < 0.001), while the PVR decreased from a baseline value of 290.6 ± 14.14 ml to 4.2 ± 14.10 ml (P < 0.001). Conclusion  We found that TEAP is a safe minimally invasive treatment, which significantly improves voiding dysfunctions in patients with symptomatic BPH.     

经尿道前列腺汽化电切术联合经皮膀胱穿刺造瘘气压弹道碎石治疗前列腺增生合并膀胱结石

目的探讨经尿道前列腺汽化电切术（transurethral resection of prostate,TURP）联合经皮膀胱穿刺造瘘气压弹道碎石治疗良性前列腺增生（benign prostate hyperplasia,BPH）合并膀胱结石的效果。方法 2008年1月～2011年1月,采用TURP联合经皮膀胱穿刺造瘘肾镜下气压弹道碎石术治疗BPH（50～80 g）合并膀胱结石（2.5～5.0 cm）33例。结果 33例均一次手术成功,无输血、电切综合征及严重感染等并发症发生。术后1周复查KUB,膀胱内均未见残石。住院时间7～12d,平均9 d。术后1个月最大尿流率18～26 ml/s,平均20 ml/s。结论 TURP联合经皮膀胱穿刺造瘘气压弹道碎石治疗BPH合并膀胱结石,创伤小,手术时间短,恢复快,是治疗BPH合并膀胱结石的安全高效的方法。     

Combination of transurethral resection of the prostate and flexible and rigid ureteroscopy for benign prostatic hyperplasia and ureteral calculus

BackgroundCombination of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and flexible and rigid ureteroscopy (URS/RIRS) is a successful approach for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and ureteral calculus (UC), and the sequence is URS/RIRS followed by TURP. This research aims to compare TURP followed by URS/RIRS with URS/RIRS followed by TURP in terms of clinical efficiency and safety.MethodsFrom June 2009 to June 2021, 173 patients with BPH and upper urinary tract stones were recruited through the Harrison International Peace Hospital and were divided into intervention (TURP followed by URS/RIRS) and control groups (URS/RIRS followed by TURP). We collected demographic data, primary outcomes including urinary function, and secondary outcomes including surgical parameters and complications. SPSS 21.0 was used to analyze data.ResultsWhen comparing the surgical parameters, the intervention group showed better results than the control group regarding surgery time and length of hospitalization. When comparing urinary function and complications, there were no differences between the intervention and control groups.ConclusionsAlthough the intervention of TURP followed by URS/RIRS had similar clinical effects compared with URS/RIRS followed by TURP in the control group; the intervention saves surgery time, and decreases the length of stay and medical costs. It may therefore be a good choice for patients with BPH and UC.     

Photoselective vaporization (PVP) versus transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP): a prospective bi-centre study of perioperative morbidity and early functional outcome

OBJECTIVES: To compare the early follow-up and perioperative morbidity of photoselective vaporization (PVP) and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in patients (pts.) suffering from lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). MATERIAL AND METHOD: 101 pts. underwent PVP (n = 64) and TURP (n = 37) in a prospective, non-randomized bi-centre trial. Inclusion criteria were identical at both centres. Primary outcome parameters were maximum urinary flow rate (Q(max)), post-void residual volume (V(res)), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). Secondary outcomes included intraoperative surgical parameters and perioperative and post-discharge morbidity. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics of both groups were similar. Operating time was slightly shorter in the TURP group (p = 0.047). During TURP significant more irrigation solution was used (p < 0.001). Decrease of serum haemoglobin (p = 0.027) and serum sodium (p = 0.013) was larger after TURP. Catheter drainage was removed significant earlier after PVP than after TURP (p < 0.001). Outcome of Q(max), and IPSS were similar in both groups within 6 months. The sort of perioperative complications was different in both groups, however overall cumulative perioperative morbidity was comparable (PVP 39.1% versus TURP 43.2.1%; ns). CONCLUSION: PVP provides excellent intraoperative safety, instant tissue removal, and immediate relief from obstructive voiding symptoms, similar to TURP. Early outcomes 6-months after PVP and TURP are comparable.     

Photodynamic diagnosis of bladder cancer: Initial experience of a single UK centre

ObjectivesTo describe the introduction and evaluate efficacy of photodynamic diagnosis with Hexvix for detecting tumours and abnormal mucosal lesions during transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT).Subjects and methodsProspective study of consecutive eligible patients who underwent TURBT with aid of Hexvix-guided cystoscopy in a single District General Hospital (NHS Trust in England).The participants selected were patients suspected to have bladder cancer or enlisted to undergo TURBT.The main outcome measures were the number of tumours or abnormal mucosal lesions that were missed by white light cystoscopy (WLC) but detected by Hexvix, blue light cystoscopy (BLC).ResultsA total of 63 patients (39 males and 24 females; mean age 74 years; age range, 35–88 years) met study criteria. 15 were excluded: in 6 intra-vesical Hexvix was retained for <1 h, and in 4, TURBT was delayed by >1 h; of the remaining 53 patients, 5 were excluded for technical reason, failure of fluorescence. Seventy five lesions were detected in the remaining 48 patients. Of these, 51 (68%) were detected by WLC and BLC both. BLC detected additional 24 (32%) lesions that were missed by WLC. Of these lesions, 15 (20%) were cancer and 9 (12%) were inflammation or dysplasia.ConclusionBLC with Hexvix was easily introduced into a Bladder cancer management protocol and well tolerated by most patients. BLC increased diagnostic accuracy of cystoscopy during TURBT, although some of the lesions it detected were false positive.     

经尿道双极等离子汽化电切术治疗高危重度前列腺增生

目的探索经尿道双极等离子汽化电切术在高危、重度前列腺增生患者中的安全性及其临床疗效,总结术前准备注意事项、术中手术技巧及术中监测的临床经验。方法回顾性分析85例高危重度前列腺增生(BPH)患者行经尿道双极等离子汽化电切术(TUPVP)的临床资料,观察该手术对于高危重度BPH患者的临床疗效及手术并发症的发生情况。结果手术时间50～135min,平均58±16 min;切除腺体重量16～56 g,平均31.6±9 g;术中出血量50～400 ml,平均110±36 ml。术前中心静脉压7.5±2.5 cmH2O,术中最高中心静脉压10.5±3.4 cmH2O,术后中心静脉压7.6±2.6 cmH2O。平均随访12个月,患者国际前列腺症状评分(IPSS)由25.1±2.9分降至7.2±3.2分,残余尿量由305±35 ml降至32±8 ml,最大尿流率由8.0±3.1 ml/s升至25.7±4.2 ml/s。结论经尿道双极等离子汽化电切术治疗高危重度前列腺增生安全、有效。充分的术前准备,严格的术中、术后监护和护理以及个体化的手术方案是手术成功的关键。