急性经舟骨月骨脱位手术治疗的探讨

目的 探讨急性经舟骨月骨脱位早期切开复位内固定治疗的方法及其临床效果.方法 对8例急性经舟骨月骨脱位的患者,早期采用切开复位以Herbert螺钉或微型钛螺钉加克氏针内固定的方法治疗.术后随访X线片了解骨折愈合情况及腕关节轴线恢复情况.Cooney腕关节功能评分法评价术后腕关节功能恢复程度.结果 术后随访6月至3年,平均15个月.根据Cooney腕关节功能评分:优3例,良4例,可1例;8例患者术后腕关节疼痛均减轻,X线片检查舟骨、三角骨骨折全部愈合,腕关节轴线恢复正常.结论 早期采用切开复位以Herbert螺钉或微型钛螺钉加克氏针内固定,均能达到骨折解剖复位,腕关节轴线恢复好,术后腕关节功能恢复良好,是治疗急性经舟骨月骨脱位的有效方法.     

切开复位无头空心加压螺钉固定结合腕骨间韧带修复治疗新鲜经舟骨月骨周围脱位

目的评价切开复位无头空心加压螺钉固定结合腕骨间韧带修复治疗新鲜经舟骨月骨周围脱位的临床效果。方法采用切开复位无头空心加压螺钉固定结合腕骨间韧带修复治疗新鲜经舟骨月骨周围脱位9例。结果经平均18个月随访发现9例腕关节平均屈曲70°,背伸50°,Mayo腕关节评分平均为80分:优4例,良3例,可1例,差1例。X线片检查舟骨完全愈合,腕关节轴线恢复好。结论切开复位无头空心加压螺钉固定结合腕骨间韧带修复治疗新鲜经舟骨月骨周围脱位能达到舟骨解剖复位、恢复腕关节轴线,术后功能恢复较好,是治疗新鲜经舟骨月骨周围脱位的良好方法。     

早期切开复位无头加压空心螺钉及克氏针治疗经舟骨月骨周围脱位

目的探讨早期切开复位无头加压空心螺钉及克氏针内固定治疗经舟骨月骨周围脱位的临床疗效。方法17例经舟骨月骨周围脱位患者,均行早期切开复位,克氏针固定月骨和头状骨,无头加压空心螺钉对舟骨骨折端进行加压固定,同时修复关节囊和韧带。结果17例均获随访,平均10（3-12）个月,腕关节活动范围在106°-128°之间。X线片示舟骨完全愈合,腕关节轴线恢复好。根据Cooney评定标准,本组优11例,良4例,中2例,优良率88．2％。结论无头加压空心螺钉及克氏针内固定能达到舟骨解剖复位,恢复腕关节轴线,术后腕关节功能恢复较好,是治疗经舟骨月骨脱位的有效方法。     

背侧入路切开复位治疗经舟骨月骨周围背侧脱位

目的评价切开复位螺钉固定舟骨、锚钉修复月三角韧带治疗急性期经舟骨月骨周围背侧脱位的临床疗效。方法采用背侧入路切开复位螺钉固定舟骨、锚钉修复月三角韧带治疗13例经舟骨月骨周围背侧脱位患者。末次随访时进行评估:疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、腕部活动度(ROM)、握力、Cooney腕关节评分、舟骨愈合情况。结果 13例均获随访,时间13～24个月。VAS评分0～6(1.8±0.9)分,其中9例患腕基本无疼痛。患腕屈伸ROM和尺桡偏ROM分别为对侧的73.9%和74.1%。患腕握力达对侧的91.1%。末次随访时Cooney评分:优1例,良9例,可2例,差1例。舟骨骨折愈合时间10例为12～18周,3例为30～39周。结论经舟骨月骨周围背侧脱位早期诊断、早期手术,采用背侧入路切开复位内固定舟骨、修复月三角骨间韧带,可取得满意的临床效果。     

早期手术治疗经舟骨月骨周围骨折脱位的临床分析

目的 评价早期手术治疗经舟骨月骨周围骨折脱位的临床疗效.方法 15例经舟骨月骨周围骨折脱位的患者,采用切开复位加压螺钉和克氏针内固定.术后评估腕部疼痛、腕关节活动度、手部握力及骨折愈合,并用腕关节Krimmer评分法评估疗效.结果 13例获得6～12个月随访,平均9个月.2例出现静息痛,3例活动时疼痛.腕关节屈伸活动度（65±11）°,尺桡偏角度为（10±8）°,平均握力较健侧减少10%.X片检查3例腕关节炎,2例舟骨骨折近端骨质吸收致舟骨不愈合.11例腕舟骨愈合,平均愈合时间为4.8个月.Krimmer评分法评估总体疗效：优7例,良1例,可3例,差2例.结论 早期切开复位应用克氏针和加压螺钉同时内固定治疗经舟骨月骨周围骨折脱住手术方式可行、疗效可靠.     

经舟骨月骨周围脱位早期诊断和手术的重要性

目的：评价切开复位内固定同时修复损伤韧带治疗经舟骨月骨周围脱位重要性。方法：1995年6月至2001年6月,采用切开复位内固定同时修复损伤韧带治疗14例经舟骨月骨周围脱位患者,其中男13例,女1例;年龄21～38岁,平均25.4岁。手术均在受伤后2周内进行,所有患者均为后脱位。结果：14例患者均获得随访,时间24～60个月,平均28.3个月。13例舟骨骨折一期愈合,腕关节功能恢复良好;1例出现骨不连,腕关节功能部分受限。未发现舟骨和月骨坏死者。采用Cooney评分法：优9例,良3例,可1例和差1例。结论：对于经舟骨月骨周围脱位患者,如能得到早期诊断,采取早期复位及切开内固定治疗,同时修复损伤的腕掌侧关节囊、桡舟头韧带和桡舟月韧带,可早期提供腕舟骨稳固的固定,有利于舟骨近段和月骨血供的恢复。     

切开复位内固定治疗经舟骨月骨周围脱位疗效分析

目的 评价手术治疗急性期经舟骨月骨周围背侧脱位的疗效.方法 2004年2月至2008年2月对13例患者在伤后1周内行经舟骨月骨周围背侧脱位切开复位内固定术,男9例,女4例;年龄25～53岁,平均42.3岁.术后按照Mayo腕关节评分、DASH评分评价随访时患者的临床疗效.同时术后拍摄标准腕关节正侧位片,观察舟月角及桡...     

经舟骨月骨周围脱位的早期手术治疗

目的　研究经舟骨月骨周围脱位早期复位并进行切开内固定和修复损伤的腕掌侧关节囊和韧带的治疗方法。方法　从1995年 6月～ 2 0 0 1年 6月 ,共 7例经舟骨月骨周围脱位患者接受这种治疗方法。手术均在受伤后 2周内进行 ,所有患者均为后脱位。结果　 7例都得到随访 ,平均随访时间 2 0 5个月。 6例舟骨骨折愈合 ,腕关节功能恢复良好 ;1例出现骨不连 ,腕关节功能部分受限。尚未发现月骨坏死者。采用Cooney评分法 :优 2例、良 3例、可 1例和差 1例 ,优良率 71 4 %。结论　经舟骨月骨周围脱位应早期复位及切开内固定治疗 ,同时修复损伤的腕掌侧关节囊、桡舟头韧带和桡舟月韧带。可早期提供腕舟骨稳固的固定 ,有利于舟骨近段和月骨血供的恢复。     

复位内固定联合腕骨间韧带修补治疗急性经舟月骨或月骨周围脱位

目的 总结切开复位内固定联合腕骨间韧带修补治疗急性经舟骨骨折月骨周围脱位或经月骨周围脱位的疗效.方法 2004年2月至2006年8月共收治12例月骨周围损伤的患者,其中8例经舟骨骨折月骨周围脱位,4例月骨周围脱位.全部采用切开复位,3.0mm AO空心螺纹钉或通用公司Bold钉固定舟骨骨折,克氏针固定腕骨间关节,并使用Nitek锚钉修补腕骨间韧带.结果 术后平均随访时间为37个月(33～48个月),X线片显示所有舟骨骨折均愈合,舟月角平均50°(35°～65°),桡月角平均5.(-10°～15°),腕骨高度指数平均0.51(0.50～0.53).临床检查腕关节活动度平均为92.5°,握力达健侧的76.7%,腕关节无痛者8例、轻痛者2例、中度疼痛者2例.按照改良Mayo腕关节评分法平均为72分(50～95分),其中极好1例、好4例、可4例、差3例.结论 早期切开复位治疗月骨周围损伤可获得较满意的腕关节功能,结合韧带修补可防止腕骨间不稳以及继发的腕关节塌陷.     

经舟骨月骨周围脱位的治疗

目的 探讨经舟骨月骨周围脱位的治疗方法。方法 采用经皮撬拨复位月骨,舟状骨切开复位,自体桡骨茎突植骨,克氏针内固定治疗经舟骨月骨周围脱位11例,随访6-18个月,平均10个月。结果 3个月内骨折愈合,腕关节不痛,活动正常,恢复伤前所有功能7例;半年内骨折愈合,活动正常,腕关节剧烈活动后疼痛2例;1例后骨折愈合,腕关节活动度差1/3以下,腕关节存在运动性疼痛1例;骨折未愈合,或舟状骨、月骨一处坏死,腕关节疼痛,功能严重丧失1例,优良率81.82%。结论 采用经皮撬拨复位月骨,舟状骨切开复位,自体桡骨茎突植骨,克氏针内固定治疗经舟骨月骨周围脱位,具有损伤小、痛苦少、易操作、费用低、功能恢复满意的优点。     

Management of trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocations

A retrospective review of 28 patients with 29 trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocations who underwent open reduction and Herbert screw fixation is presented. The majority of the patients had satisfactory results at 24 months of follow-up. A significantly better range of wrist motion was obtained in postoperative patients treated with cast immobilization for 4 weeks compared with those treated for longer than 5 weeks. The scaphoid fractures united well, with proper alignment of the carpal bones, regardless of the length of cast immobilization. We recommend open reduction, internal scaphoid fixation using a Herbert screw, carpal ligament repair and early cast removal in the management of trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocations.     

Treatment of trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocations by internal fixation with the Herbert screw

Thirteen patients with 14 dorsal trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocations were treated by open reduction and internal fixation of the scaphoid using a Herbert screw. The follow-up evaluations took place after a mean of 18 months. These perilunate dislocations were only trans-scaphoid in ten wrists, trans-radial styloid and trans-scaphoid in three and trans-scaphoid and trans-capitate in one. Based on Cooney's clinical scoring system, the scores of our series were two excellent, six good, five fair and one poor. This suggests that the Herbert screw can offer satisfactory results in the management of trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocations, despite its technical difficulties.     

The unreduced carpal dislocation. A method of treatment

Unreduced lunate, perilunate, and transscaphoid perilunate dislocations present a difficult and challenging surgical problem. The authors feel that all efforts should be made to obtain a reduction of the old dislocation. They support a combined dorsal and palmar approach, open reduction, and internal fixation of scaphoid with a Herbert screw to obtain midcarpal stability. A carpal tunnel decompression should be performed if symptoms suggest median nerve entrapment. When the dislocation is unable to be reduced, the authors favor limited wrist arthrodesis or a proximal row carpectomy in the absence of significant arthritis.     

Chronic trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocation: Current management protocol

Trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocations are complex injuries; usually occur as a result of high-energy trauma and are frequently missed. Chronic trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocation is often difficult to manage and delayed presentation leads to poor functional outcomes. Various treatment modalities have been described which range from open reduction and internal fixation, staged reduction, proximal row carpectomy and wrist arthrodesis.     

Surgical treatment of trans-scaphoid, transcapitate, transtriquetral, perilunate fracture-dislocation with open reduction, internal fixation and lunotriquetral ligament repair

This paper presents a rare case of trans-scaphoid, transcapitate, transtriquetral, perilunate fracture-dislocation of the right wrist as a result of a motorcycle accident. Open reduction and internal fixation of the scaphoid and capitate with one screw was performed and the lunotriquetral ligament was repaired using a suture anchor.     

闭合复位经皮Herbert螺钉内固定治疗新鲜稳定型舟骨腰部骨折

目的：观察闭合复位经皮Herbert螺钉内固定治疗新鲜稳定型舟骨腰部骨折的临床疗效。方法对采用闭合复位经皮Herbert螺钉内固定治疗的12例新鲜稳定型舟骨腰部骨折患者进行随访,采用修订后Mayo腕关节评分标准对临床效果进行评价。结果所有患者均获得随访,随访时间13~23个月（平均15个月）,无感染、螺钉松动、过敏排斥反应及关节炎的发生。所有患者骨折均愈合,骨折愈合时间为8~14周,平均10周。按修订后Mayo腕关节评分标准：优7例,良4例,可1例,优良率91.7%。结论闭合复位经皮Herbert螺钉内固定治疗新鲜稳定型舟骨腰部骨折,具有操作简单,固定可靠,并发症少及能早期进行功能锻炼等优点。     

Use of external fixation for perilunate dislocations and fracture dislocations

The purpose of this study was to review clinical and radiographic outcomes of perilunate dislocations and fracture dislocations treated with external fixation and K-wire fixation. Twenty patients (18 males and two females) with a mean age of 38 years (range 18–59) who had an acute dorsal perilunate dislocation or fracture dislocation were treated with the use of wrist external fixator and K-wires. The injuries included 12 perilunate dislocations, seven trans-scaphoid perilunate fracture dislocations, and one trans-styloid perilunate fracture dislocation. The median time from trauma to operation was 8 h (2–12 h). Indirect reduction via ligamentotaxis was achieved in all perilunate dislocation, and provisional K-wire fixation was added. In five of seven trans-scaphoid perilunate fracture dislocations, indirect reduction was achieved; whereas in the other two as well as in the case of trans-styloid perilunate fracture dislocation, open reduction was required. External fixator was supplemented with K-wires for stabilization of the fractures and the intercarpal intervals. The interosseous and capsular ligaments were not repaired, even after open reduction of fracture dislocations. The mean follow-up was 39 months (range 18–68 months). Range of motion and grip strength were measured. Cooney’s scoring system was used for the assessment of clinical function. Radiographic evaluation included time to scaphoid union, measurement of radiographic parameters (scapholunate gap, scapholunate angle, lunotriquetral gap, and carpal height ratio) and any development of arthritis. The flexion-extension motion arc and grip strength of the injured wrist averaged 80 and 88%, respectively, of the corresponding values for the contralateral wrists. According to Cooney’s clinical scoring system, overall functional outcomes were rated as excellent in four patients, good in eight, fair in six, and poor in two. Eighteen patients returned to their former occupations. Two patients with a trans-scaphoid perilunate injury developed nonunion of the scaphoid; one of them required scaphoid excision and midcarpal fusion. Two patients had radiographic evidence of arthritis. The use of external fixation and provisional K-wire fixation for the treatment of acute perilunate dislocations is associated with satisfactory midterm functional and radiographic outcomes. This minimally invasive treatment option is simple, reliable, and minimally invasive method that provides proper restoration and stable fixation of carpal alignment.     

Trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocation with fractured carpal bones in a child

Transcarpal fractures and dislocations in children are rarely reported in the orthopedics literature. This is a report of a 10-year-old boy who sustained a trans-scaphoid perilunate dislocation with fractures across the carpal structure: these included injuries to the scaphoid, capitate and triquetrum bones. Treatment consisted in a closed reduction for the dislocation and using the dorsal approach of an open reduction with internal fixation of the fractures. The injury healed well with a full return of good wrist function. This unusual pattern of injury is described so that it may be more readily appreciated in the future.     

Transscaphoid fracture/dislocations treated with open reduction and Herbert screw internal fixation

Six cases of dorsal transscaphoid perilunate fracture/dislocations and two cases of palmar transscaphoid lunate fracture/dislocations were treated by open reduction and internal fixation of the scaphoid with a Herbert screw. Supplemental Kirschner wire stabilization of the carpus was also used in the two cases of palmar transscaphoid lunate fracture/dislocation. All patients were male, with an average age of 23.6 years. The follow-up averaged 18.9 months. A clinical evaluation scoring system assessing pain, ability to function in an occupation, range of motion, grip strength, and radiographic appearance of the wrist was used. Based on this system the scoring of the six cases of dorsal transscaphoid perilunate fracture/dislocations that were treated was three excellent, one good, and one fair result, while the scoring of both palmar transscaphoid lunate fracture/dislocations showed poor results.