HCG、VEGF在肺癌中的表达及相关性研究

目的：研究人绒毛膜促性腺激素（HCG）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在肺癌组织中的表达及相关性。方法：采用免疫组织化学法检测59例肺癌组织和20例正常肺组织中HCG和VEGF的表达。结果：HCG、VEGF在肺癌组中阳性表达率分别为67．8％（40／59）及66.1％（39／59），显著高于正常肺组织组5．0％（1／20）及15．0％（3／21））（P％0．01）；在肺癌组织中HCG和VEGF表达密切相关（P〈0．01）。结论：肺癌异位分泌HCG与VEGF有相关性，可能是通过调节VEGF的表达来调控肺癌细胞的生长与迁移。     

花生四烯酸细胞色素p450表氧化酶基因对野百合碱诱导的肺动脉高压大鼠IL-6,IL-8的影响

目的观察花生四烯酸色素p450表氧化酶基因CYP2J2过表达对野百合碱（MCT）诱导的肺动脉高压大鼠炎症细胞因子IL-6、IL-8、CRP和TNF-α表达的影响,探讨CYP2J2作用于肺动脉高压的机制。方法 ：选取8周龄250-280gSD大鼠60只随机分为正常对照组（n=30）和模型组（MCT组）（n=30）,模型组注射野百合碱（60mg/kg）造模。三周后分为6组：NS组（n=10）,pCDNA3.1（n=10）,pCDNA3.1-CYP2J2（n=10）,MCT＋NS（n=10）,MCT＋pCDNA3.1（n=10）,MCT＋pCDNA3.1-CYP2J2（n=10）,注射质粒三周后,检测大鼠平均肺动脉压（mPAP）,计算右心肥大指数（RVHl=RV/LV＋S）。ELISA法检测大鼠血清中IL-6、IL-8、CRP和TNF-α水平。RT-PCR检测大鼠肺组织中IL-6和IL-8的mRNA表达。结果 ：模型对照组mPAP、RVHI值、血清IL-6、IL-8、CRP和TNF-α水平及肺组织中IL-6和IL-8的mRNA表达均显著增高,与正常对照组相比有显著性差异（P〈0.01）;pCDNA3.1-CYP2J2治疗组mPAP、RVHI值、血清IL-6、IL-8、CRP和TNF-α水平及肺组织中IL-6和IL-8的mRNA表达均明显下调（P〈0.05）,但仍高于正常对照组（P〈0.05）。结论花生四烯酸色素p450表氧化酶基因可通过抑制MCT诱导大鼠肺动脉高压模型中肺组织炎性细胞因子的表达、下调大鼠炎性细胞因子的分泌达到对肺动脉高压的治疗作用。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病大鼠磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶、蛋白激酶B及γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸合成酶表达研究

目的通过观察COPD大鼠中磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶（phosphoinositide-3 kinases,P13K）、蛋白激酶B（protein kinaseB,PKB）与γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸合成酶（gamma glutamylcysteine synthetase,γ-GCS）的表达,研究P13K、PKB通路和rGCS的关系及其在COPD中可能的参与机制。方法30只健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分COPD组和对照组。采用每日熏香烟和两次气管内注入脂多糖法制作COPD大鼠模型。检测大鼠肺组织中7-GCS活性,原位杂交检测肺组织中rGCSmRNA的表达,免疫组织化学分析肺组织中P13K、PKB与γ-GCS蛋白水平。结果COPD组大鼠肺组织中γ-GCS差异（P〈0．01）。P13K、PKB与γ-GCS免疫组织化学在COPD组可见肺泡、支气管活性明显高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。原位杂交示COPD组大鼠支气管,肺泡上皮细胞与小动脉平滑肌细胞7-GCSmRNA广泛表达,与对照组有显著性壁细胞及小血管平滑肌细胞胞浆中皆有蛋白阳性信号表达;图象定量分析示大鼠COPD组P13K、PKB与γ-GCS蛋白表达显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。直线相关分析得出P13K、p—PKB蛋白表达与γ-GCS活性、mRNA及蛋白表达呈正相关。结论COPD大鼠肺组织7-GCS蛋白和mRNA表达增高,P13K、p-PKB蛋白也有相应高表达,提示P13K、PKB和γ-GCS可能在COPD的发病机制中发挥作用,且可能参与了γ-GCS的信号转导通路。     

血管内皮生长因子与烟雾暴露所致大鼠肺气肿发病关系的研究

目的　探讨血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)与烟雾暴露所致大鼠肺气肿发病的关系。方法3 6只 12周龄雌性SD大鼠随机均分为烟雾暴露组 (S组 )和正常对照组 (N组 )。S组随机均分为S1、S2 、S3 组 ,分别烟雾暴露 2、4、8周 ;N组亦随机均分为N1、N2 、N3 组 ,在常氧下再饲养 0、4、8周。分别用逆转录 聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)和改良的链霉亲合素 生物素 过氧化物酶复合物 (SABC)法检测大鼠肺内VEGFmRNA、VEGF及其受体 2 (KDR ,激酶插入区包含受体 )蛋白表达水平 ;苏木精 伊红 (HE)染色评估S组大鼠肺部病理改变 ,用平均内衬间隔 (MLI)与平均肺泡数 (MAN)评估肺气肿程度。用SPSS10 0进行方差分析、非参数检验和相关性分析。结果　 (1)S组大鼠出现肺部炎症 ,至第 8周 (即S3组 )出现早期肺气肿样改变 ,S3 组的MAN较同时段N3 组显著下降 ,MLI显著增加 (P <0 0 5) ;(2 )S组大鼠肺组织VEGF表达及肺血管内皮细胞KDR表达显著下降 :S1组与N1组比较 ,VEGF189mRNA及肺泡、支气管上皮VEGF蛋白表达下降 (P <0 0 1) ;S2 组与N2 组比较 ,VEGF189、VEGF165、VEGF12 1mRNA及肺泡、支气管上皮VEGF蛋白表达均显著降低 (P <0 0 1) ;S3 组VEGFmRNA表达与N3 组比较差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5) ,但肺泡、支气管上皮细胞VEGF蛋白质表达及     

内皮素在低氧性肺动脉高压大鼠肺内表达和水平变化的研究

为了确定在慢性缺氧过程中大鼠肺内内皮素（ＥＴ）－１ｍＲＮＡ是否表达及变化，采取体外转录并用地高辛－ＵＴＰ标记ＥＴ－１和ｃ－ｆｏｓＲＮＡ探针进行组织原位杂交，用放射免疫法测定血浆和肺组织匀浆ＥＴ－１浓度。结果显示，缺氧３周大鼠肺内ＥＴ－１ｍＲＮＡ表达增加，主要阳性反应部位位于血管内皮和支气管上皮细胞。ｃ－ｆｏｓｍＲＮＡ主要位于血管平滑肌和支气管平滑肌细胞。缺氧３周大鼠静脉血浆ＥＴ－１浓度为３．８５±１．５２ｎｇ／Ｌ（与对照组比较，Ｐ＜０．０５），动脉血浆为４．７２±１．６６ｎｇ／Ｌ（Ｐ＜０．０５），肺组织匀浆中为２．０５±０．６８ｎｇ／ｇ（Ｐ＜０．０５）。认为慢性缺氧可引起大鼠肺动脉压力升高，同时伴有肺血管的重建以及右心室的肥厚；随着肺动脉压的改变，其血浆和肺组织匀浆中内皮素水平显著升高。肺内ＥＴ－１的表达和产生主要位于肺血管内皮细胞以及支气管上皮细胞     

血管内皮生长因子和内抑素在大鼠糖尿病肾病发病中的作用

目的研究血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF）作为促血管生长因子和内抑素（ENS）作为血管生成抑制因子,在糖尿病肾病（DN）血管生成中的作用。方法以正常大鼠为对照,30只雄性Wistar大鼠建成糖尿病模型,分别于糖尿病模型建立2、4、8周观察24小时尿白蛋白排泄率（UAER）,用免疫组织化学染色显示大鼠肾组织VEGF和ENS的表达及半定量分析;用酶联免疫法测定血中VEGF和ENS的浓度,根据DN病理学改变确定DN的血管增生严重性,分析内皮细胞增生、肾小球中弥漫或结节病变及肾小球硬化与VEGF和ENS的关系;采用RT-PCR的方法观察大鼠肾脏VEGF和ENSmRNA的表达。结果DN大鼠肾组织VEGF和ENS的mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）;DN大鼠血清VEGF和ENS水平也明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。DN大鼠UAER与血浆VEGF和ENS相关（r=0．468,P〈0．01;r=0．395,P〈0．05）,DN大鼠无论在血中还是肾组织免疫组化和RT-PCR都有VEGF和ENS的表达,VEGF的表达与DN血管增生程度密切相关（r=0．404～0．476,P〈0．01～0．05）,ENS的表达也与DN严重程度密切相关（r=0．409~0．617,P〈0．05～0．01）,血浆VEGF和ENS二者具有正相关性（r=0．484,P〈0．01）。结论VEGF和ENS与DN血管增生密切相关。     

高肺血流性肺动脉高压大鼠血清、肺动脉壁组织中VEGF和CTGF的表达变化及意义

目的观察高肺血流性肺动脉高压大鼠血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、结缔组织生长因子（CTGF）的表达变化,并探讨其意义。方法将50只Wistar大鼠随机分为观察组30只和对照组20只。观察组大鼠用套管法做颈部分流手术,对照组仅做假手术。术后第1、4周测两组大鼠右心室收缩压（RVSP）,做血气分析计算Qp/Qs,取右肺组织性HE染色观察肺动脉形态学改变,并计算管壁厚度与血管外径比值（WT）。酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测两组大鼠血清VEGF,Western blot法检测肺动脉组织中VEGF、CTGF。结果分流手术后观察组大鼠RVSP较对照组升高（P〈0.05）。Qp/Qs的平均值为2.01±0.29。肺部血管形态学观察显示在第4周WT%与对照组相比明显增高（P〈0.01）。与对照组相比,血清VEGF从第1周开始增高,第4周达较高水平（P均〈0.01）。术后1、4周观察组大鼠肺动脉组中VEGF、CTGF与对照组相比均显著增高（P均〈0.01）。结论高肺血流性肺动脉高压大鼠血清VEGF及肺动脉组织中VEGF、CTGF表达升高。VEGF、CTGF参与了高肺血流性肺动脉高压的发病过程。     

非小细胞肺癌组织中COX-2、VEGF的表达变化及意义

目的观察环氧合酶（COX）-2、血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF）在菲小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）中的表达变化及意义。方法采用免疫组化法检测20例正常肺组织和53例NSCLC组织中的COX-2和VEGF。结果COX-2、VEGF在正常肺组织中无表达,NSCLC中COX-2的阳性表达率为49．1％（26／53）、VEGF为35．8％（19／53）,与正常肺组织相比,P均〈0．01。有淋巴结转移、Ⅱ～Ⅲ期NSCLC中COX-2、VEGF的表达明显高于无淋巴结转移和Ⅰ期NSCLC（P均〈0．01）。NSCLC中,VEGF、COX-2的表达有关,P〈0．01。结论NSCLC中COX-2和VEGF高表达,与NSCLC的发生及侵袭性生长有关。     

白三烯受体拮抗剂对致敏大鼠血管内皮生长因子及其受体表达的影响

目的 研究白三烯受体拮抗剂(孟鲁司特)对支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)气道炎症和气道重塑的影响,揭示白三烯受体拮抗剂对血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)及其受体的调控作用.方法 将24只清洁级雄性SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为对照组、哮喘组和干预组,每组8只.对照组采用生理盐水致敏和激发,哮喘组采用卵清白蛋白致敏和激发,干预组在采用卵清白蛋白致敏和激发前给予孟鲁司特灌胃.采用肺功能检测各组大鼠气道呼气阻力;采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对各组大鼠血清中VEGF和白三烯D<4>(LTD4)进行定量分析;用免疫组织化学方法检测VEGF、VEGF受体1(VEGFR1)及VEGFR:在大鼠肺组织内的表达水平.采用图像分析软件测定肺组织切片中的血管计数、血管平滑肌厚度.结果 (1)肺功能检测显示哮喘组平均呼气阻力显著升高;(2)对照组血清中VEGF和LTD4的水平分别为(17±5)ng/L和(6.1±0.7)ng/L,哮喘组分别为(31±6)ng/L和(10.7±3.5)ng/L,干预组分别为(15±4)ng/L和(9.8±1.6)ng/L,对照组和干预组分别与哮喘组比较差异有统计学意义(F值分别为63.78和39.56,均P<0.01);(3)免疫组织化学结果显示哮喘组VEGF及受体均大量表达,而对照组和干预组有较少表达.(4)图像分析显示,对照组、哮喘组和干预组的血管计数分别为14±2、22±2和16±4.(5)直线相关分析显示,血管计数与血清中VEGF的水平正相关(r=0.705,P<0.05).结论 VEGF及其受体在哮喘气道及肺内过度表达,参与了气道炎症和气道血管重塑的过程.孟鲁司特可能通过影响VEGF及其受体的表达影响气道炎症和气道血管重塑的病理生理过程.     

哮喘大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液中血管内皮生长因子和血小板源性生长因子的变化及缬沙坦的干预

目的观察血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和血小板源性生长因子（PDGF）在哮喘大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中的变化，探讨两者与哮喘气道重塑的关系以及缬沙坦的干预作用。方法50只Wistar大鼠随机分成5组，每组10只：A组（正常对照组）、B组（哮喘组）、C组[15mg／（kg·d）缬沙坦]、D组[30mg／（kg·d）缬沙坦]和E组[50mg／（kg·d）缬沙坦]。分别观察各组肺组织切片的病理改变，用酶联免疫吸附法（EHSA）检测各组大鼠BALF中VEGF和PDGF的水平。结果哮喘大鼠肺组织出现了气道重塑的病理改变；与A组比，B组BALF中VEGF和PDGF水平显著增高（P〈0．01），与B组比，缬沙坦干预后的C组、D组和E组BALF中VEGF和PDGF均显著减少（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论VEGF和PDGF在哮喘大鼠BALF中浓度增高，可能参与了哮喘发病和气道重塑过程。缬沙坦能明显降低哮喘大鼠BALF中VEGF和PDGF的水平，有助于改善哮喘大鼠气道重塑的病理生理过程，其作用机理还有待进一步研究。     

Relation of Bosentan,Iloprost, and Sildenafil with Growth Factor Levels in Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension

It is believed that growth factors play an important role in vascular remodeling that is evident in pulmonary hypertension (PH) pathogenesis. In the present study, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in serum and pulmonary artery samples of rats have been analyzed with monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH after treatments with iloprost, bosentan, and sildenafil. Serum VEGF and pulmonary artery VEGF levels were found to be significantly lower in MCT groups compared with control groups and significantly higher in treatment groups compared with MCT groups. In conclusion, treatment strategies directed at increasing VEGF levels may be reasonable in PH management.     

Effect of verapamil on monocrotaline-induced pulmonary artery hypertension and endothelial cell dysfunction in rats

Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker has been used with partial success in cases of primary pulmonary hypertension, as well as to reduce hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) in rats. However, its effect on monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH in rats is not known. We studied the effect of verapamil on MCT-induced PH. Three weeks after a single injection of MCT, significant PH was noted in the MCT-injected rats compared with control (44.35 +/- 3.5 vs. 22 +/- 2.5 mmHg). MCT-injected rats on daily verapamil showed significant reduction in PH (31.5 +/- 3.4 mmHg). The main pulmonary artery of MCT-injected rats revealed subendothelial thickening, thinning and fragmentation of elastic laminae, smooth muscle cell hypertrophy and necrosis or loss of smooth muscle cells, and increased amounts of collagen in media and adventitia. In contrast, the main pulmonary artery of MCT + VP-treated rats showed less intimal thickening, some smooth muscle cell hypertrophy, but little necrosis or loss of cells in addition to disappearance of outer elastic laminae. Smaller pulmonary arteries (less than 150 microns in diameter) in MCT + VP-treated rats showed less medial thickening than MCT groups. However, diminished lung angiotensin-converting enzyme activity suggestive of endothelial cell dysfunction was noted in both MCT and MCT + VP-treated rats. This study indicates that verapamil attenuates MCT-induced PH, but has no effect on pulmonary endothelial cell dysfunction.     

黄芩苷对肺动脉高压大鼠模型的治疗作用及可能的机制

目的:观察黄芩苷对野百合碱诱导的大鼠肺动脉高压模型的治疗作用和肺动脉平滑肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法:将48只大鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、辛伐他汀阳性对照组（辛伐他汀组）、3个黄芩苷剂量组（20 mg/kg、40 mg/kg、80 mg/kg,简称低、中、高黄岑苷组）,每组8只。通过皮下注射野百合碱诱导建立大鼠肺动脉高压模型,辛伐他汀组给予2 mg/kg灌胃,药物治疗组分别给予黄芩苷20、40、80 mg/kg灌胃。观察黄芩苷对肺动脉压、右室肥大指数的影响。将肺组织切片HE染色后,观察肺动脉的形态学变化。用免疫组化染色法检测肺血管平滑肌细胞中Bcl-2、Bax表达的变化。结果:与模型组比较,高、中黄芩苷可显著降低野百合碱所致大鼠的平均肺动脉压(P<0.01),高黄芩苷可降低其右室肥大指数(P<005);高、中黄岑苷可显著降低模型大鼠肺动脉中膜厚度比（P<0.01）和中膜面积比（P<0.01）;高、中黄芩苷可增加Bax的表达率（P<0.01）,降低Bcl-2的表达率（P<0.01）。结论:一定剂量的黄芩苷可有效降低野百合碱诱导的模型大鼠的肺动脉压,逆转肺动脉重构。黄芩苷可能是通过抑制肺动脉中膜平滑肌细胞增殖、促进其凋亡而发挥作用的。     

Distribution of endothelin-1 in the lung of rats with pulmonary hypertension of different etiology

Endothelin (ET)-1 is a potent vasoconstrictor peptide and induces vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. We previously reported that an ET receptor antagonist prevented the progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH) caused by inflammatory lung disease in rats. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether pathophysiological roles of endogenous ET-1 in PH caused by congestive heart failure (CHF) differ from PH caused by inflammatory lung disease. For this purpose, we investigated the distribution of ET-1 staining (ET-1-like immunoreactivity) by the immunohistochemical method using an anti-ET-1 antibody in the lungs of rats with PH due to CHF or inflammatory lung disease. CHF was surgically induced by permanent left coronary arterial ligation in rats. At 2 weeks after the surgery in rats, left ventricular contractility (LV+dP/dt_max) was decreased, whereas right ventricular systolic pressure was increased, indicating that the rats developed CHF accompanied by PH. The intensity of ET-1 staining was stronger in the pulmonary vascular endothelial cells of the CHF rats than that of the sham-operated rats. We used monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PH rats (MCT rats) as a model of PH due to inflammatory lung disease. Three weeks after MCT injection, the MCT rats developed PH. The intensity of ET-1 staining in the pulmonary vascular endothelial cells of the MCT rats did not differ from that of the control rats, however, the intensity of the ET-1 staining in the MCT rats was increased in the alveolar walls (especially in macrophages). These data show that the distribution of ET-1 staining in the lungs of the rats with PH due to CHF differs from that of the rats with PH due to inflammatory lung disease.Presented at the 38th Annual World Congress, International College of Angiology, Cologne, Germany, June 1996     

Bone marrow-derived cells contribute to pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension

STUDY OBJECTIVE: In these days, it was reported that bone marrow (BM) cells might take part in the remodeling of some systemic vascular diseases; however, it remains unknown whether the BM cells were involved in the vascular remodeling of pulmonary arteries and the progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether BM-derived cells contribute to pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxia-induced PH. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To investigate the role of BM-derived cells, we transplanted the whole BM of enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP)-transgenic mice to the lethally irradiated syngeneic mice (n = 30). After 8 weeks, chimera mice were exposed to consistent hypoxia using a hypoxic chamber (10% O(2)) for up to 4 or 8 weeks (10 mice per group). After hemodynamics and the ratio of right ventricular (RV) weight to left ventricle (LV) weight, RV/(LV + septum [S]), were measured, histologic and immunofluorescent staining were performed. RESULTS: BM-transplanted mice showed a high chimerism (mean [+/- SEM], 91 +/- 2.3%). RV systolic pressure and the RV/(LV + S) ratio increased significantly with time in PH mice, indicating RV hypertrophy. Marked vascular remodeling including medial hypertrophy and adventitial proliferation was observed in the pulmonary arteries of PH mice. Strikingly, a number of GFP(+) cells were observed at the pulmonary arterial wall, including the adventitia, in hypoxia-induced PH mice, while very few cells were observed in the control mice. Metaspectrometer measurements using confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed that this green fluorescence was produced by GFP, suggesting that these GFP(+) cells were mobilized from the BM. Most of them expressed alpha-smooth muscle actin, a smooth muscle cell, or myofibroblast phenotype, and contributed to the pulmonary vascular remodeling. A semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction of the GFP gene revealed that the BM-derived GFP-positive cells in the PH group were observed more than eightfold as often compared with the control mice. CONCLUSION: The BM-derived cells mobilize to the hypertensive pulmonary arteries and contribute to the pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxia-induced PH mice.     

Cilostazol therapy attenuates monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rat model.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance caused by a proliferation of vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, resulting in occlusion of the lumen of small pulmonary arteries. Cilostazol, with its antiproliferative effects on vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, may ameliorate monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH in rats. METHODS AND RESULTS: Male Sprague - Dawley rats (n=10/each group) were randomized to receive MCT (75 mg/kg) only (group 1), MCT plus cilostazol (20 mg .kg(-1 ). day(-1)) (group 2) and saline injection only (group 3). Hemodynamic measurement on day 28 following MCT treatment indicated the development of significant PAH on MCT-treated groups (p<0.0001). Cilostazol was given to group 2 orally on days 28-90. By day 90 following MCT treatment, the right ventricular (RV) systolic blood pressure and RV hypertrophy were significantly higher in group 1 than in groups 2 and 3 (all values of p<0.01). Additionally, connexin43 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene expressions of lung and RV, and Bcl-2 protein expression of RV, were significantly lower in group 1 than in groups 2 and 3 (all values of p<0.01). Furthermore, the number of alveolar sac and small arterioles of the lung were significantly lower in group 1 than in groups 2 and 3 (all values of p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Cilostazol therapy effectively attenuates of MCT-induced PAH.     

基质金属蛋白酶-2及其抑制物与血管内皮生长因子在小儿先天性心脏病不同肺动脉压力情况下的变化

目的: 探讨先天性心脏病（以下简称先心病）患儿血清中的基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)、金属蛋白酶组织抑制物-1（TIMP-1）及血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在小儿先天性心脏病不同肺动脉压力情况下的变化,予以前列腺素E1（PGE1）治疗和手术对上述因子表达的影响。方法: 将81例左向右分流型先天性心脏病按治疗前肺动脉收缩压（SPAP）分为4组:非肺动脉高压(PH)组16例（SPAP<4.00 kPa）、轻度PH组21例（4.00 kPa≤SPAP<5.33 kPa）、中度PH组21例（5.33 kPa≤SPAP<9.33 kPa）、重度PH组23例（SPAP≥9.33 kPa）,以21例正常体检儿为对照组;19例接受前列腺素E1（PGE1）治疗;24例接受手术治疗。用ELISA法检测血清MMP-2、TIMP-1和VEGF的含量,并计算MMP-2/TIMP-1的比值。结果: 与正常组比较,先心病各组MMP-2、VEGF均显著增高（各组MMP-2均P<0.01;VEGF在非、轻、重度PH 3组均P<0.05,中度PH组P<0.01）;TIMP-1的含量均显著增高（轻、中度PH组P<0.05,重度PH组P<0.01）;非PH、轻度PH及中度PH组MMP-2/TIMP-1的比值均显著增高（均P<0.05）。经PGE1药物治疗14 d后,MMP-2、TIMP-1和VEGF的含量与治疗前比较均显著下降（均P<0.01）。手术治疗7 d后,MMP-2、TIMP-1的含量、MMP-2/TIMP-1比值与VEGF的含量均呈显著下降（MMP-2、TIMP-1、VEGF均P<0.01,MMP-2/TIMP-1,P<0.05）。结论: ①左向右分流型先心病血清MMP-2、VEGF显著升高,这可能与先心病肺动脉高压形成及肺血管重构有关。②PGE1可有效地降低先心病并发PH患儿血清MMP-2、 TIMP- 1和 VEGF的表达。③在手术后1周,先心病并发轻、中度PH患儿血清MMP-2、TIMP-1、MMP-2/TIMP-1和VEGF的表达显著降低。     

Notch信号通路与肺动脉高压

肺动脉高压( pulmonary hypertension,PH)时,参与肺血管重塑的内皮细胞、平滑肌细胞等存在不同程度的Notch家族基因表达上调.Notch信号转导通路在肺血管形成,血管平滑肌细胞及内皮细胞等增殖、分化、凋亡方面起重要调控作用.Notch信号转导通路参与PH形成和发展.这为PH的治疗提供了前景广阔的...     

Effectiveness of a nonselective ET(A/B) and a selective ET(A) antagonist in rats with monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension

BACKGROUND: Both nonselective ET(A/B) receptor and selective ET(A) receptor antagonists can reduce pulmonary hypertension (PH) and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) in various animal models. Depending on their net effects after blockade of endothelial and smooth muscle ET(B) receptors, nonselective ET(A/B) antagonists could be more or less effective than selective ET(A) antagonists. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two weeks after injection of saline or 60 mg/kg monocrotaline (MCT), rats received 50 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) of a selective (LU135252) or nonselective (BSF420627) antagonist for 3 weeks. This resulted in 4 groups: control (n=15), MCT (n=60), MCT+ET(A) (n=39), and MCT+ET(A/B) (n=40). Five-week survival was 35% in the MCT group; this was increased to 56% in the MCT+ET(A) group (P:=0.10) and to 67% in the MCT+ET(A/B) group (P:=0.0015). Drug administration was stopped 48 hours before hemodynamic measurements to evaluate the chronic effects of therapy: PH in the MCT group (RV systolic pressure 87+/-1 mm Hg) was improved similarly in both MCT+ET(A) and MCT+ET(A/B) groups (72+/-3 and 70+/-3 mm Hg, respectively, P:<0.05). Severe RVH in the MCT group (RV/left ventricle+septum weight ratio 73+/-1%) was not affected by the selective antagonist (70+/-2%) but was reduced to 54+/-2% in the MCT+ET(A/B) group (P:<0.01). Pulmonary resistive properties, assessed from isolated lung pressure-flow relationships, were improved similarly in survivors from both treated groups. CONCLUSIONS: Both the nonselective ET(A/B) antagonist BSF420627 and the selective ET(A) antagonist LU135252 are effective in this model of PH. Similar direct comparative studies in other models of PH and with various dosage regimens are warranted to define the optimal pharmacological approach of PH when ET receptor antagonists are used.