人工血管移植术治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症

目的探讨下肢动脉硬化闭塞症行人工血管旁路移植术的临床疗效。方法对该院2006年6月—2011年8月收治FontaineⅡ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者6例进行回顾性分析,采用人工血管旁路移植术重建下肢动脉血流。结果该组无一例死亡,术后下肢动脉缺血均有不同程度改善,临床症状缓解,踝肱指数（ABI）术前为0.12～0.53,平均0.35,术后ABI为0.45～0.90。2例术后发生腹股沟切口淋巴漏,经换药愈合,随访2～36个月,1例股-腘动脉旁路术远端吻合口1年后狭窄,经手术探查,证实为吻合口内膜增生,再次行血管重建好转。结论采用人工血管旁路移植术是治疗下肢动硬化闭塞症的有效方法。     

经皮血管腔内血管成形术治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者的疗效及安全性评价

目的：评价经皮血管腔内血管成形术(PTA)治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者的临床疗效及安全性,为提高下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的手术成功率提供临床依据。 方法：下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者30例,其中Fontain分期Ⅱ期患者11例,Ⅲ期患者7例,Ⅳ期患者12例,观察所有患者术中血管再通及治疗前后临床症状改善情况。 结果：30例患者45支血管行PTA,成功开通42支血管,手术成功率为93.3%。开通血管中行超声斑块消融术血管10支,超声斑块消融+球囊成形术血管20支,超声斑块消融+球囊成形术+支架植入术血管12支。27例患者治疗后临床症状改善,其中FontainⅡ期患者11例（11/11）,Ⅲ期患者7例(7/7),Ⅳ期患者9例(9/12)。FontainⅡ、Ⅲ期患者术后临床有效率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,Ⅱ、Ⅲ期患者术后临床有效率高于Ⅳ期患者（P<0.05）。30例患者中仅1例发生严重并发症,无死亡患者。结论：多种血管腔内血管成形术联合应用可以提高下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的手术成功率;PTA治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症安全有效。     

动脉硬化闭塞症致下肢慢性缺血的系统治疗

目的：探讨动脉硬化闭塞症致下肢慢性缺血的系统治疗及效果。方法：1999年8月～2007年4月收治动脉硬化闭寒症致慢性下肢缺血患者310例。治疗方法包括药物治疗、经典的旁路手术、腔内治疗及干细胞移植术。结果：围手术期间无严重并发症及手术死亡。手术治疗有效率为87．3％，平均随访34，4个月，有28例患者（32条下肢）截肢，其余患者下肢缺血症状有不同程度改善，坏死组织愈合，11例患者有效降低截肢平面。腔内治疗技术成功率为92．8％，平均随访12个月，术后30天症状都有不同程度的改善，症状持续改善者50例，症状改善维持维持6个月以上的有48例，1年以上的有28例。结论：根据患者病情通过依序选择药物治疗、腔内治疗及旁路手术等系统方法治疗动脉硬化闭塞症致下肢慢性缺血，疗效满意。     

大隐静脉原位转流术治疗下肢Ⅲ、Ⅳ期动脉硬化闭塞症的疗效

目的 探讨大隐静脉原位转流术治疗下肢Fontaine Ⅲ、Ⅳ期动脉硬化闭塞症的疗效。方法 应用THE BUSHTM瓣膜刀为26例患者行大隐静脉原位转流术。结果 患者术后近期自觉症状均缓解,25例静息痛消失,皮温明显升高,溃疡愈合,坏死与正常组织间界限清楚。1例患者术后原位大隐静脉内血栓形成,于外院截肢,平均踝肱指数(ABI)由术前0.32提高到术后0.78。6、12、24个月的通畅率分别为96.1%、88.5%、80.8%。结论 根据患者具体情况应用大隐静脉原位转流术,是治疗下肢动脉长距离、多节段、多平面狭窄或闭塞,临床表现为重症缺血的Fontaine Ⅲ、Ⅳ期动脉硬化闭塞症的有效术式。     

加味四妙勇安汤治疗Ⅲ期一级动脉硬化性闭塞症41例

动脉硬化性闭塞症是动脉因粥样硬化性病变引起的慢性闭塞性疾病，病变主要累及下肢的大、中型动脉。Ⅲ期一级动脉硬化性闭塞症系该病的严重阶段，肢体出现坏死，但坏死范围未过跖趾关节；如病情进一步发展，则截肢率明显增加。故此阶段的治疗颇为关键，笔者１９９３～１９...     

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症合并糖尿病足的介入治疗进展

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症（PAD）是糖尿病晚期的严重并发症之一,严重影响糖尿病患者的生存质量,轻者出现间歇性跛行、静息痛,重者出现糖尿病足坏疽,甚至危及生命。糖尿病合并下肢动脉硬化闭塞症造成的肢端缺血坏死,依靠单纯的内科药物治疗,如扩张血管、改善微循环等有一定疗效,但由于下肢大血管病变问题未能解决,许多患者因严重的肢端缺血坏死而导致截肢。     

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症介入治疗的护理

目的探讨下肢动脉硬化闭塞症介入治疗的护理。方法对54例患者术前、术后的护理进行回顾性分析。结果 54例患者患肢皮肤温度均明显升高,静息痛基本消失,缺血疼痛患肢临床症状明显好转,间歇性跛行消失,3例因肢端坏疽合并感染行截肢术,截肢平面均在小腿中下段以下,截肢后恢复出院,所有病例均无严重并发症发生。结论介入治疗是治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的有效方法,其中优质的护理对疾病的恢复具有重要的意义,完善术前准备,术后严密观察病情,保证正确体位,能减少并发症,促进康复。     

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症人造血管旁路移植手术的护理

由动脉粥样硬化引起的下肢动脉硬化闭塞症是老年人常见病 ,其主要表现是间歇性跛行、静息痛和肢体远端的溃疡或坏疽。本病严重影响病人的生活质量。我院自 1995年 3月～ 2 0 0 1年 11月共施行下肢动脉硬化闭塞症人造血管旁路移植手术 37例 (43条下肢 ) ,效果满意 ,现将手术期间护理体会报道如下。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料　 37例患者中 ,男 2 6例 ,女 11例 ,共计 4 3条下肢。年龄 5 3～ 87岁。按Ｆｏｎｔａｉｎｅ分类法临床分期 :Ⅱ期 9例 ,Ⅲ期 17例 ,Ⅳ期 11例。并发高血压Ⅱ～Ⅲ 2 3例 ,糖尿病6例 ,脑梗死史 8例 ,冠心病史 17例 ,有长期…     

介入治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的临床体会

目的：探讨经皮血管腔内成形术（PTA）及支架置入术治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的临床疗效。方法2008年7月—2014年2月我院采用经皮血管腔内成形术（PTA）及支架置入术治疗下肢髂股动脉粥样硬化闭塞症患者17例。结果16例患者均一次性开通血管闭塞段并置入支架。经1年随访,1例术后14 d支架内栓闭塞经导管溶栓后再次成功开通。结论 PTA及支架置入术是治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的有效方法。     

血管腔内超声消融治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的护理

目的 探索血管腔内超声消融术治疗下肢动脉硬化闭塞症的护理措施.方法 总结26例患者的护理经验,制定术前、术后的各种护理措施.结果 1例患者术后因原溃疡坏死而被截肢,2例症状无变化或恶化,其余23例患肢缺血症状均得到不同程度的改善.结论 血管腔内超声消融能够选择性的作用于动脉硬化斑块,手术创伤小,治疗过程安全、疗效好,特别使用于对手术耐受性差、高龄、药物治疗效果不佳的动脉硬化闭塞症的患者,术前、术后实施合理的护理措施是保证治疗成功的关键环节.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.