经髂腹股沟入路治疗髋臼双柱骨折

目的分析经髂腹股沟入路治疗髋臼双柱骨折的疗效。方法1999年1月至2003年1月经髂腹股沟入路治疗双柱骨折10例。按AO法分类C1型5例，C2型4例，C3型1例。术中先固定前柱骨折，再应用逆行拉力螺丝钉固定后柱骨折。结果解剖复位（移位小于等于1mm）7例，复位欠佳（移位小于等于3mm）3例。平均随访18．4（11～36）个月。根据改良的D^r Aubigne及Postel临床评定标准，优7例，良2例，可1例。结论经髂腹股沟入路治疗髋臼双柱骨折效果满意。经盆面逆行拉力螺丝钉固定后柱骨折是经髂腹股沟入路治疗双柱骨折的关键技术。     

手术治疗髋臼双柱骨折(附21例报告)

目的 :探讨髋臼双柱骨折的手术治疗效果。方法 :对手术治疗的 2 1例髋臼双柱骨折患者进行回顾性分析。单纯K L入路 1例 ,单纯髂腹股沟入路 3例 ,K L联合髂腹股沟入路 17例。全部采用重建钢板及螺钉固定。结果 :骨折复位程度按照Matta标准 ,解剖复位 15例 ,满意复位 4例 ,不满意复位 2例。 17例获得随访 ,随访 1～ 5年 (平均 1.7年 ) ,髋关节功能评分采用改良Merled’Aubigne和Postel髋关节评分标准 :优 8例 ,良 5例 ,可 2例 ,差 2例 ,优良率为 78.6%。结论 :严格掌握手术指征、选择合适入路、骨折准确复位、牢固固定、可取得良好治疗效果     

单一髂腹股沟入路手术治疗复杂髋臼双柱骨折的短期疗效观察

目的评估单一髂腹股沟入路手术治疗复杂髋臼双柱骨折的短期临床效果。方法回顾性分析自2007-08—2016-08采用单一髂腹股沟入路手术治疗的15例复杂髋臼双柱骨折,术后即刻拍摄X线片,采用Matta分级标准评估骨折复位情况。末次随访时采用Merle d'Aubigne评分标准评估髋关节功能。结果 15例均获得随访,随访时间平均48(24～76)个月。术后采用Matta分级标准评价骨折复位程度:优3例,良8例,差4例。末次随访时髋关节功能Merle d'Aubigne评分平均15.8(9～17)分,其中优4例,良7例,可3例,差1例。结论采用单一髂腹股沟入路手术治疗复杂髋臼双柱骨折,尽管存在较高的血栓发生率及股外侧皮神经损伤,但可获得满意的骨折复位及髋关节功能。     

经髂腹股沟入路治疗髋臼双柱骨折

髋臼双柱骨折波及前后两柱,髋臼与中轴骨的连续性完全中断.骨折显露、复位和固定均比较困难,治疗通常采用扩大髂腹股沟人路或前后联合入路,手术创伤大,术后并发症发生率高.我科近年来采用单一的髂腹股沟入路治疗髋臼双柱骨折5例,经随访效果良好,报告如下.     

前柱钢板固定结合后柱逆行拉力螺丝钉治疗复杂髋臼骨折16例

[目的]探讨经髂腹股沟入路治疗复杂髋臼骨折的手术技巧。[方法]经髂腹股沟入路以重建钢板固定前柱、逆行拉力螺丝钉固定后柱治疗复杂髋臼骨折16例，其中双柱骨折10例，前柱伴后半横行骨折5例，“T”形骨折1例。[结果]解剖复位（移位〈1mm）11例，复位欠佳（移位3mm）4例，复位不满意（移位〉3mm）1例。随访11～37个月，根据改良的Merle d Aubigne及Postel髋关节得分进行功能评价，优9例、良4例、可3例。[结论]前柱钢板固定结合后柱逆行拉力螺丝钉固定，使经髂腹股沟入路治疗大部分髋臼双柱骨折、前柱伴后半横行骨折、T形骨折成为可能，避免了联合应用后方切口，减少了手术创伤。     

改良髂腹股沟入路手术治疗髋臼前柱或耻骨支骨折的疗效观察

目的探讨改良髂腹股沟入路手术治疗髋臼前柱或耻骨支骨折的临床疗效。方法笔者自2011-06—2015-10采用改良髂腹股沟入路手术治疗髋臼前柱13例、耻骨支骨折10例,分别采用Matta标准、D'Aubigne评分和Majeed评分评定疗效。结果本组均获随访11~23个月,平均13.9个月,骨折均愈合,无感染、股神经损伤或股血管损伤等并发症发生。按照Matta标准,术后解剖复位11例,复位良好10例,复位较差2例;末次随访疗效按髋关节功能D'Aubigne评分评定:优11例,良8例,可4例;末次随访疗效依据骨盆功能Majeed评分:优10例,良11例,可2例。结论改良髂腹股沟入路手术治疗髋臼前柱或耻骨支骨折创伤小,手术时间短,可获得满意的复位和固定,且无需显露局部股神经和股动静脉。     

髂腹股沟下入路在髋臼骨折治疗中的初步应用

目的 探讨采用髂腹股沟下入路治疗累及髋臼前方和内侧壁或合并髋关节前方损伤的髋臼骨折的可行性和优缺点.方法 对2008年5月至2010年1月采用切开复位内固定治疗的17例累及髋臼前方、内侧壁或合并髋关节前方损伤的髋臼骨折患者资料进行回顾性研究,男13例,4例;年龄23～55岁,平均39.5岁;左侧11例,右测6例.根据Letournel-Judet分类:前壁骨折2例,前柱骨折6例,前柱伴后方半横形骨折4例,双柱骨折3例,T型骨折2例.采用单一髂腹股沟下入路8例,髂腹股沟下+Kocher-Langenbeck(K-L)联合入路9例.结果 所有患者随访4～24个月,平均8.7个月,骨折愈合时间平均为14周,无切口感染,内固定松动、断裂,医源性坐骨神经或股神经损伤发生.3例患者发生Brooker Ⅰ级髋关节周围异位骨化,5例出现无症状的髂前上棘截骨处骨赘形成.根据Matta髋臼骨折复位标准:解剖复位12例,满意复位5例.按照髋关节功能的d'Aubigne和Postel标准:优13例,良3例,可1例.结论 髂腹股沟下入路可提供扩大的髋臼前壁、内侧壁及髋关节前方结构的手术显露,有利于累及髋臼前方和内侧壁或合并髋关节前方结构损伤的髋臼骨折的手术操作,对于经典的髂腹股沟入路是一良好的改进和补充.     

单一髂腹股沟入路重建钢板固定前柱结合空心钉固定后柱治疗髋臼双柱骨折

目的探讨经单一髂腹股沟入路重建钢板结合空心钉固定后柱治疗髋臼双柱骨折的近期临床效果。方法笔者自2010-09—2014-06对31例髋臼双柱骨折采用经单一髂腹股沟入路显露髋臼前柱骨折以及四方体,间接复位髋臼后柱,前柱重建钢板固定,后柱空心钉固定。结果所有患者均获得随访6~34个月,平均12个月。术后2周按Matta影像学评估显示解剖复位16例,满意复位14例,不满意复位1例。末次随访疗效按Merle D'Aubigne and Postel评分评定:平均14.22(6~18)分,优7例,良15例,可5例,差4例。结论经单一髂腹股沟入路重建钢板结合空心钉固定治疗髋臼双柱骨折,单一切口复位并固定了髋臼前后柱骨折,减少了手术创伤,降低了坐骨神经损伤的风险,出现髋关节僵硬、异位骨化的概率低;是一种有效、安全的方法,值得推广应用。     

髋臼骨折的手术治疗

目的：评价手术治疗髋臼移位骨折的效果。方法：总结对38例有移位髋臼骨折手术治疗的经验。根据骨折类型选用髂腹股沟入路、Kocher-Langenbeck入路、延长髂股入路，复位后用骨盆钢板和可吸收钉固定。结果：38例中22例（57.9%），完全复位，8例（21.05%）满意复位，8例（21.05%）复位不满意。30例获得随访，平均随访时间2.5年。根据Matta评分标准：优9例（30％),良13例（37％），一般6例（20％）。差4例（13％）。结论：对于髋臼骨折，联合应用三个方向的X片和CT扫描，准确诊断，尽早予以解剖复位，牢固固定，骨折愈合后负重运动。     

涉及髋臼方形区骨折髂腹股沟入路显露与开放复位策略分析

[目的]探讨涉及髋臼方形区骨折的髂腹股沟入路显露方法及复位策略。[方法]2005年1月~2012年5月采用髂腹股沟入路加动力化髋臼方形区钛板螺钉内固定系统(DAPSQ)治疗髋臼方形区骨折患者79例(79髋),其中横形骨折6例,前柱合并后半横形骨折19例,"T"形骨折23例,双柱骨折31例。经中间窗显露方形区骨折,利用内、中、外三窗由近及远恢复骨盆前环连续性,再利用器械辅助复位方形区骨折,采用Matta放射学标准评价复位质量。[结果]经髂腹股沟入路中间窗能充分显露方形区骨折,可方便使用各种器械辅助复位,当同时矫正分离与旋转移位时方形区骨折即可复位。术后检查显示:解剖复位42例,良好复位28例,不满意复位9例,复位满意率88.6%。术后2例切口浅表感染,6例股外侧皮神经损伤,1例发生腹股沟疝。[结论]髂腹股沟入路能满意显露髋臼方形区骨折并利于复位,先恢复骨盆环连续性、再复位方形区骨折是有效的开放复位策略,同时抗分离与抗旋转是方形区骨折复位的关键。     

涉及髋臼四边体骨折的治疗体会

目的探讨采用髂腹股沟入路、Kocher-Langenbeck入路或联合入路切开复位骨盆重建钢板结合拉力螺钉内固定治疗涉及髋臼四边体骨折的临床疗效。方法自2006年5月至2011年4月我科治疗的24例涉及髋臼四边体骨折患者,其中男17例,女7例;年龄18～59岁,平均38.5岁。骨折按Letournel分类,后柱骨折2例,后柱伴后壁骨折2例,横形骨折3例,"T"形骨折3例,前柱伴后半横形骨折2例,双柱骨折12例。结果 24例均获得随访,时间6～36个月,平均21个月。临床疗效按照改良后的Modified d′Aubigne and Postel髋关节评分标准,优13例,良6例,可3例,差2例,优良率79.16%。结论髂腹股沟入路、Kocher-Langenbeck入路或联合入路骨盆重建钢板结合拉力螺钉内固定治疗髋臼四边体骨折,具有显露清楚、便于骨折复位、固定稳定、临床效果满意等优点,是治疗涉及髋臼四边体骨折合并股骨头中心脱位的有效方法。     

经髂腹股沟入路手术治疗移位髋臼骨折

为减少手术治疗移位髋臼骨折的高异位骨化率，改善髋关节功能，作者以骨盆内髂腹股沟入路有选择地替代骨盆外入路，手术治疗双柱骨折３例、Ｔ形骨折２例、横形骨折４例、前柱骨折２例、前柱合并后半横形骨折１例。结果显示：解剖复位１０例，满意复位２例。经１～５年随访，关节功能８例优（６７％），４例良（３３％）；Ｘ线片表现８例优（６７％），３例良（２５％），１例尚可（８％），单纯髂腹股沟入路者无１例异位骨化。作者认为，骨盆内入路具有术后功能恢复快、异位骨化率低等优点，可用于手术治疗某些累及双柱的髋臼骨折，并可获得理想暴露、复位和固定。     

髋臼顶压缩骨折的手术技巧

目的探讨切开复位植骨内固定治疗髋臼顶压缩骨折的手术技巧及临床疗效。方法回顾性研究自2008-06—2013-06诊治的14例髋臼顶压缩骨折,经髂腹股沟入路（10例）或髂腹股沟联合Kocher-Langenbeck入路（4例）行切开复位植骨内固定术。结果 14例获得平均36（6-60）个月随访,所有患者均获骨性愈合。术后骨折复位质量按Matta复位标准评估：优6例,良5例,可2例,差1例,优良率78.6%。末次随访时髋关节功能按改良Merle d＇Aubigne和Postel评分标准评估：优5例,良5例,可3例,差1例,优良率71.4%。术后发生创伤性关节炎3例,异位骨化1例。结论正确认识髋臼顶压缩骨折治疗的复杂性,选择恰当的手术入路,掌握熟练的手术技巧,均是获得满意临床疗效的的关键。     

Vordere Pfeilerfraktur des Acetabulums mit dorsaler Impression

An unusual case of an anterior column fracture of the acetabulum with extended marginal impaction at the posterior column is presented. Fracture fixation was primarily performed by an ilioinguinal approach followed by a posterior approach with surgical dislocation of the hip to reduce the impacted fragments.     

Fractures of the acetabulum. Early results of a prospective study

One hundred two patients with 105 displaced fractures of the acetabulum were treated for fractures involving at least one column of the acetabulum and displaced at least 5 mm (rim fractures were excluded). The patients were primarily young adults with multiple injuries secondary to motor-vehicle-associated trauma. Fractures were classified according to the classification of Letournel. The most common fractures were the complex associated types with 44 complete both column, 19 T-shaped, and 18 associated transverse and posterior wall. Seventeen fractures were treated closed, and 88 were treated operatively. Closed treatment with skeletal traction was undertaken if roof arc measurements demonstrated a satisfactory remaining acetabular dome following fracture and in some cases of apparent congruence following complete both column fractures. Fractures not meeting these criteria were operated upon through the Kocher-Langenbeck, extended iliofemoral, or ilioinguinal approach. Ninety percent of the operations produced a satisfactory reduction of the fracture (3 mm or less displacement). A follow-up study longer than one year was obtained for 50 fractures. Clinical results were 80% satisfactory overall. Operative complications included 3% infection, 5% nerve palsy, and 7% significant ectopic bone. Operative treatment can produce satisfactory fracture reductions and clinical results with an acceptably low complication rate.     

Ilioinguinal approach to manage benign pelvic and acetabular tumors

Benign osteoblastic and cystic lesions involving the anterior column and wall of the pelvis and acetabulum are technically difficult areas to approach and achieve successful surgical outcomes. Tumors in this area are rare, leaving little information in the literature regarding how best to surgically approach them. Previous authors have reported small series of patients treated using anteromedial, iliofemoral, and intracapsular dissections. The ilioinguinal approach has been extensively described and used in the modern-day treatment of pelvic and acetabular fractures involving the anterior column and wall. Despite its use for acetabular trauma, application of the ilioinguinal approach in the treatment of benign pelvic and acetabular lesions has not been described. We reviewed the management of 5 patients with benign pelvic or acetabular tumors treated using the ilioinguinal approach. Diagnoses included aneurysmal bone cysts in 3 patients and osteoid osteomas in 2 patients, involving the pelvic anterior column and wall. The approach has permitted satisfactory exposure of the lesions for operative treatment. At an average follow-up of 3 years (range, 2-4 years), excellent functional outcome and no recurrences were noted. There were 2 patients with lateral femoral cutaneous nerve palsies, both of which resolved completely by 8 weeks. Encouraging results from our study demonstrate a new application for the ilioinguinal approach in the treatment of benign anterior column and wall lesions of the pelvis and acetabulum.     

Der ilioinguinale Zugang bei Azetabulumfrakturen

Objective Exposure of the entire anterior column of the acetabulum and of the inner part of the posterior column. Indications Open reduction and internal fixation of fractures of the anterior wall and anterior column of the acetabulum and of fractures, which involve both columns, on the condition that the posterior column can be reduced indirectly. Contraindications Fractures of the posterior wall.Fractures of the posterior column.Factures which involve both columns where the posterior column has to be reduced directly.Fractures requiring a direct access to the acetabulum, e. g., with intraarticular fragments. Surgical Technique Exposure of the acetabular fracture through three surgical windows. First window situated between the iliopsoas and the iliac crest, second window between the inguinal vessels and the iliopsoas, third window betwen the spermatic cord and the inguinal vessels. Indirect reduction of the fracture. Orientation through anatomic landmarks and image intensifier. Fixation of fracture with lag screws (iliac crest) and a long curved plate placed on the iliopectineal line. Results In a 9-year period, 61 patients with acetabular fractures were treated with a stabilization through an ilioinguinal approach. 27 fractures were classified as “simple” and 34 as “combined”. Intraoperative complications related to the approach were four (6.6%) secondary motoric neurologic damages, one thrombosis of the external iliac artery, and a thrombosis of the iliac veins. One fourth of the patients had paresthesias in the area of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. Of 38 patients examined after an average of 23 months, 85.4% obtained an excellent or good result using Merle d'Aubigné &; Postel score.     

Ilioinguinal approach for acetabular fractures

Objective  Exposure of the entire anterior column of the acetabulum and of the inner part of the posterior column. Indications  Open reduction and internal fixation of fractures of the anterior wall and anterior column of the acetabulum and of fractures, which involve both columns, on the condition that the posterior column can be reduced indirectly. Contraindications  Fractures of the posterior wall. Fractures of the posterior column. Fractures which involve both columns where the posterior column has to be reduced directly. Fractures requiring a direct access to the acetabulum, e.g., with intraarticular fragments. Surgical Technique  Exposure of the acetabular fracture through three surgical windows. First window situated between the iliopsoas and the iliac crest, second window between the inguinal vessels and the iliopsoas, third window between the spermatic cord and the inguinal vessels. Indirect reduction of the fracture. Orientation through anatomic landmarks and image intensifier. Fixation of fracture with lag screws (iliac crest) and a long curved plate placed on the iliopectineal line. Results  In a 9-year period, 61 patients with acetabular fractures were treated with a stabilization through an ilioinguinal approach. 27 fractures were classified as “simple” and 34 as “combined”. Intraoperative complications related to the approach were four (6.6%) secondary motoric neurologic damages, one thrombosis of the external iliac artery, and a thrombosis of the iliac veins. One fourth of the patients had paresthesias in the area of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. Of 48 patients examined after an average of 23 months, 85.4% obtained an excellent or good result using Merle d’Aubigné and Postel score.     

手术治疗严重复杂髋臼骨折78例

目的探讨手术治疗严重复杂髋臼骨折的临床疗效。方法严重复杂髋臼骨折78例按照Letournel分型,复合型骨折78例,其中“T”形骨折16例,横形伴后壁骨折22例,后柱伴后壁骨折9例,前柱伴后半横形骨折2例,双柱骨折29例。手术入路:采用Kocher-Langenbeck(K-L)入路22例,髂腹股沟入路25例,扩展髂股入路7例,联合入路(髂腹股沟加K-L入路)24例。结果按Matta评定法,本组优26例,良35例,尚可15例,失败2例,优良率78.2%。结论正确分析骨折移位和类型、选择适当的手术路径是提高髋臼骨折治疗效果的重要保证,手术疗效与骨折复位质量密切相关。     

髋臼骨折的手术治疗

目的 探讨髋臼骨折的分型、手术入路的选择及手术效果.方法 手术治疗22例髋臼骨折患者,后壁骨折和后柱加后壁骨折选择K-L入路,前柱、前壁骨折及横断骨折选择髂腹股沟入路,前后移位明显的横断骨折、T形骨折、双柱骨折选择前后联合入路.结果 22例均获随访,时间6个月~5年,骨折6~9个月均愈合.按Matta评定标准:解剖复位 9例,满意复位13例.根据改良的Merle d′Aubigne-Poster髋关节功能评分标准:优7例,良10例,可4例,差1例.1例股骨头坏死,3例创伤性关节炎,2例异位骨化.结论 按髋臼骨折的分型选择合适的手术入路和良好的骨折复位内固定是获得满意疗效的前提.