胃食管反流病胃电活动变化的研究

目的　探讨胃食管反流病 (GERD)的胃电活动变化。方法　主诉反流症状的患者 ,经 2 4小时食管酸、碱监测和 (或 )胃镜检查 ,GERD 43例 ,健康对照组 3 9例 ,进行餐前、餐后体表胃电图 (EGG)监测。结果　GERD组的平均正常胃电慢波百分比 ( 63 .40 %± 3 1.63 %)显著低于对照组 ( 80 .89%± 2 5 .42 %) ,餐前胃电节律异常的发生率 ( 5 8.1%)显著高于对照组 ( 17.0 %) ,餐前主频不稳定系数 ( 5 3 .6± 5 0 .8)也显著高于对照组 ( 3 4.2± 3 3 .1) ;GERD组的餐后胃电节律异常的发生率 ( 3 2 .6%)显著高于对照组 ( 12 .8%)。结论　GERD患者存在餐前、餐后胃电活动异常 ,体表EGG检查有助于了解GERD的胃运动功能情况     

原发性病理性十二指肠胃反流患者的胃电活动和胃排空研究

目的 通过分析原发性病理性十二指肠胃反流(DGR)患者胆汁反流程度与体表胃电节律变化以及胃排空运动之间的关系,探讨原发性病理性DGR致病因素.方法 收集2007年1月至2008年4月青岛市立医院门诊诊断为原发性病理性DGR患者58例(DGR组)和健康者21例(对照组)进行24 h胃内胆红素监测、胃镜、胃电图和胃排空检测,分析胃电参数及其与胃排空、胆汁反流和Hp之间的关系.结果 ①原发性病理性DGR患者的餐前及餐后胃电慢波主频率[(1.94±0.04) cpm比(2.93±0.07) cpm;(2.12±0.03) cpm比(3.35±0.05) cpm]、餐前及餐后正常胃电慢波百分比(74.46％±0.56％比85.55％±1.06％;63.97％±0.64％比86.13％±1.49％)、餐前/餐后功率比(PR)(1.68±0.02比2.75±0.09)均低于对照组(P＜0.05).原发性病理性DGR患者的餐前及餐后胃动过缓百分比(18.04％±0.36％比7.76％±0.78％;23.73％±0.91％比8.47％±0.55％)、餐前及餐后胃动过速百分比(8.93％±0.26％比5.75％±0.66％;13.02％±0.40％比7.66％±0.27％)均高于对照组(P＜0.05).②高反流组患者的餐前及餐后胃电慢波主频率[(1.68±0.07) cpm比(2.13±0.07) cpm;(2.18±0.09)cpm比(2.76±0.06)]、餐前及餐后正常胃电慢波百分比(69.71％±0.43％比80.35％±0.68％;56.36％±0.85％比72.34％±0.80％)、餐前/餐后功率比(PR)(1.47±0.04比2.02±0.04)均低于低反流组(P＜0.05).高反流组患者的餐前及餐后胃动过缓百分比(22.94％±0.68％比13.47％±0.61％;29.61％±1.14％比17.55％±0.51％)、餐前及餐后胃动过速百分比(9.94％±0.54％比7.02％±0.42％;17.04％±0.70％比10.71％±0.20％)均高于低反流组(P＜0.05);③Hp阳性组和Hp阴性组餐前、餐后各胃电参数差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);④DGR患者胃钡条排空者明显低于对照组(37.9％比90.5％,P＜0.05).DGR组胃排空延迟较对照组明显增多,两者比较差异,(60.3％比9.5％,P＜0.05).高反流组与低反流组比较胃排空延迟率差异无统计学意义(69.0％比51.7％,P＞0.05).结论 原发性病理性DGR患者存在胃电节律紊乱和胃运动功能障碍,这可能是病理性DGR的一个重要原因.     

兰索拉唑对糜烂性食管炎及非糜烂性胃食管反流病胃电节律影响

目的研究糜烂性食管炎及非糜烂性胃食管反流病患者胃电节律,以及兰索拉唑对其症状及胃电节律的影响。方法采取反流性疾病问卷分析20例糜烂性食管炎（EE组）及20例非糜烂性胃食管反流病（NERD组）4周及8周兰索拉唑30mg／a治疗前后的症状程度,并使用体外胃电图描述方法记录10名健康志愿者（对照组）胃电节律,以及EE组及NERD组患者4周及8周兰索拉唑30mg／d治疗前后的胃电节律。结果EE组和NERD组均存在胃电节律的异常,且与对照组有明显差异（P〈0．05）,并且EE组与NERD组之间无明显差异（P〉0．05）。经过兰索拉唑30mg／d治疗后,EE组及NERD组RDQ评分均较前好转,并且治疗8周后的RDQ评分小于治疗4周时（P〈0．05）,且两组之间无明显差异。治疗4周时EE组的餐前及餐后的正常慢波百分率较治疗前明显升高（P〈0．05）,而NERD组治疗4周时正常慢波百分率较治疗前无明显变化（P〉0．05）。当兰索拉唑30mg／d疗程满8周时两组餐前、餐后的正常慢波百分率均较治疗前明显升高（P〈0．05）,并且与对照组比较无差异（P〉0．05）。结论EE及NERD均存在胃电节律异常,兰索拉唑不仅能缓解EE及NERD的症状,也能使其胃电节律恢复正常。     

胃电图和胃排空检测的临床价值评价

目的探讨胃电图(EGG)和胃排空检测的临床价值及胃肌电活动和胃排空异常的相关性.方法170例有消化不良症状者[功能性消化不良(FD)组140例,非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病(NIDD)组30例]和20例正常人分别接受EGG和胃排空(同位素法、Rom's法和超声法)检测.结果70%(21/30)的NIDD患者于餐前、66.7%(20/30)于餐后出现胃电节律紊乱,尤以胃动过速为著(餐前36.7%,餐后33.3%);NIDD患者的餐后主频(DF)(2.60cpm±0.30cpm)、餐后/餐前DF(1.01±0.11)、餐后主功率(DP)(121.45V2.cpm+67.00V2.cpm)及餐后/餐前DP(0.81+-0.07)均较正常对照者显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).FD患者的餐后DP(210.60V2.cpm±68.40V2.cpm)亦显著低于正常对照者(P＜0.01).FD和NIDD患者用3种方法测得的胃半排空时间均较正常对照者延迟(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).121例空腹胃电节律正常者中,胃排空延迟者占39.7%(48/121);69例空腹胃电节律异常者中,胃电节律过缓者45.9%(17/37)胃排空延迟,胃电节律过速者78.1%(25/32)胃排空延迟.结论EGG及胃排空检测对评价胃肌电活动和胃动力异常有一定临床意义,后两者间的确切关系尚不能被证明,但胃电节律过速与胃排空过缓关系密切.     

问询表诊断老年人胃食管反流病的临床评价

目的探讨问询表调查在我国诊断老年胃食管反流病( GERD)的临床价值. 方法选取有烧心,反酸,胸痛等症状,且连续发作一周以上的老年患者.进行胃镜检查,胃镜阳性者归入反流性食管炎组( RE组),胃镜阴性者进一步行食道测压及 24小时胃食管 pH监测,根据结果分为非糜烂性胃食管反流病组( NERD组)和正常对照组( Normal组).所有患者均填写 Carlsson- Dent自我症状问询表并给予 PPI试验一周,以胃镜及 24小时胃食管 pH监测阳性为 GERD确诊标准,统计问询表诊断胃食管反流病的敏感性、特异性和准确率. 结果共 78例老年患者入选,经检查分为 RE组 21例、 NERD组 31例和正常对照组 26例.三组的问询表得分分别为 5.86± 2.90、 5.00± 3.14和 3.69± 1.57, RE组和 NERD组得分与 Normal组比较有显著差异( P< 0.05); RE组和 NERD组比较无明显差异.以 4分为临界值, Carlsson- Dent问卷诊断胃食管反流病的敏感性为 69.23%、特异性为 38.46%、准确率为 58.97%; PPI抑制试验结合 Carlsson- Dent问卷诊断胃食管反流病的敏感性为 88.46%、特异性为 26.92%、准确率为 67.94%. 结论 Carlsson- Dent问卷可用于筛选老年 GERD,结合 PPI试验可提高诊断的敏感性.     

Barrett食管、反流性食管炎和非糜烂性胃食管反流病的反流物特点

目的应用食管24 h pH-阻抗(MII-pH)等检查方法,分析具有胃食管反流病(GERD)典型症状、并且食管MII-pH检查结果异常的GERD患者,比较分析其各亚型,即Barrett食管(BE)、反流性食管炎(RE)和非糜烂性胃食管反流病(NERD)患者的胃食管反流特点。 方法入选具有典型胃食管反流症状(烧心/反流),并且食管24 h MII-pH检查结果异常的GERD患者,根据内镜检查结果分为BE、RE、NERD三组,收集患者24 h的食管pH-阻抗信息,应用SPSS16.0统计软件进行组间Mann Whitney检验、多因素方差分析,P< 0.05认为具有统计学差异。 结果共入组103例具有典型反流症状且MII-pH监测阳性的GERD患者,其中有15例BE患者、32例RE患者、56例NERD患者。三组患者的平均年龄、性别构成、以及BMI无显著差异性。将三组患者的各项胃食管反流指标数值进行Mann-Whitney检验,显示RE、BE患者的DeMeester评分、pH<4反流时间百分比、长反流周期数显著高于NERD患者,具有显著性差异。BE患者的反流周期数显著多于RE和NERD患者,具有显著性差异。阻抗相关指标在三组患者之间均没有统计学差异。 结论与NERD相比,酸反流对于RE和BE具有更重要的致病意义。     

不同类型胃食管反流病发病机制的差异

目的:比较不同类型胃食管反流病(GERD),即反流性食管炎(RE)、非糜烂性反流病(NERD)和Barrett食管(BE)发病机制的差异.方法:113例GERD患者,根据内镜下表现及病理情况分为RE、NERD、BE三组,比较三组患者内镜下表现、食管测压和24 h pH监测指标、合并食管裂孔疝(HH)情况的差异.结果:RE组较NERD组与BE组下食管括约肌压力减低,但无统计学差异.食管体部各段的收缩波幅比较,RE组减低最明显,NERD组减低最少,两组比较P<0.05;无效食管运功比较,RE组较另两组明显增多( P<0.05).RE、NERD、BE组24 h食管pH监测的DeMeester计分分别为90.2、55.2、48.8;RE组以重度酸暴露多见(43%),反流总时间阳性率较高;NERD组以轻度酸暴露多见(45.8%),反流频率阳性率较高;BE组以长反流时间阳性率较高.HH在RE、NERD、BE组中的检出率分别为50%、14.6%、25.7%( P = 0.003).结论:下食管括约肌及食管体部运动功能受损程度、酸反流情况的差异可能是造成三种不同类型GERD食管黏膜损伤表现不同的主要原因.     

功能性消化不良患者胃肌电紊乱的发生率

背景：功能性消化不良（FD）的病理生理机制尚未完全阐明，消化道运动功能异常可能是主要发病机制之一。目的：通过胃电图检查探讨FD患者胃肌电紊乱的发生率，证实胃动力异常在FD发生中的作用。方法：368例FD患者行餐前和餐后体表胃电图榆查，对正常胃慢波百分比和胃电主功率两项参数进行分析。结果：根据正常胃慢波百分比，本组FD患者可分为胃电节律正常组（43．2％）、胃动过缓组（33．2％）、胃动过速组（6．2％）和混合性胃电节律紊乱组（17．4％）。在胃电节律正常的FD患者中，34．0％（54例）存在餐后／餐前胃电主功率比异常。结论：本组71．5％的FD患者存在胃肌电紊乱，证实胃动力异常在FD的发病机制中起有重要作用。     

上消化道运动障碍与胃食管反流病相关性研究

目的 分析胃食管反流病(GERD)患者的胃及胆囊运动特点,探讨胃及胆囊运动障碍在GERD发病中的作用,以期有助于临床诊断.方法 应用B超对60例GERD患者和30例健康志愿者进行餐后胃及胆囊运动功能监测,并根据内镜检查结果,把GERD患者分为反流性食管炎(EE)组、非糜烂性反流病(NERD)组,然后分别比较GERD组与健康对照组以及EE组与NERD组之间的胃及胆囊运动参数.结果 GERD组的胃排空指数平均值与对照组比明显降低(P<0.01),胆囊排空指数平均值与对照组比降低,但差异无统计学意义.EE组胃排空指数平均值较NERD组低,且差异具有统计学意义;两组且日囊排空指数无差异.结论 胃动力障碍参与了GERD的发病.GERD患者存在的胃动力障碍以胃排空延缓为主.GERD患者未发现明显胆囊排空障碍.     

不同状态糖尿病患者胃电活动的特点

目的: 观察不同状态糖尿病患者的胃电活动特征, 探讨糖尿病胃电紊乱的发展规律.方法: 2005-11/2006-05北京协和医院就诊的糖尿病患者54例, 根据糖尿病并发症及上消化道症状的有无分为3组: 无并发症及上消化道症状组, 有并发症而无明显上消化道症状组, 有并发症及明显上消化道症状组. 记录空腹30min和餐后60 min的体表胃电活动.结果: 糖尿病患者胃电节律异常发生率为74.1%. 餐前胃电活动表现为: 正常节律(46.3%)、胃动过缓(31.5%)、无节律(14.8%)、胃动过速(7.4%); 餐后胃电活动表现为: 胃动过缓(37%)、正常节律(35.2%)、无节律(20.4%)、胃动过速(7.4%). 有并发症及上消化道症状组的PR值显著高于无并发症及上消化道症状组(1.07±1.17 vs 0.93±0.14, P = 0.022).有并发症及上消化道症状者早饱症状的严重程度和PR值负相关( r = -0.535, P = 0.040).结论: 糖尿病患者胃电节律紊乱以胃动过缓最常见, 不同状态糖尿病患者的胃电活动存在差异.     

Impaired gastric motility and its relationship to reflux symptoms in patients with nonerosive gastroesophageal reflux disease

Background  More than half of patients with refluxrelated symptoms have no endoscopic evidence of mucosal breaks. These patients are considered to have nonerosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (NERD). The pathogenesis of NERD may be multifactorial, but the role played by gastric motility in symptom generation in patients with NERD has not been examined. In this study, we elucidate gastric motility in patients with NERD and the efficacy of a prokinetic agent in the treatment of NERD. Methods  Gastric motility was evaluated with electrogastrography (EGG) and by measurement of gastric emptying using the acetaminophen method in 26 patients with NERD and in 11 matched healthy controls. NERD patients were treated with a prokinetic agent (mosapride 15 mg, orally three times daily) for a period of 4 weeks, after which gastric motility was measured again. Results  Compared with the healthy controls, the NERD patients showed a significantly lower percentage of normogastria, a lower power ratio in EGG, and delayed gastric emptying. Ten patients had normal gastric motor function (group A), and 16 showed abnormalities of either gastric myoelectrical activity or gastric emptying (group B). After treatment with mosapride, gastric motility improved significantly in both groups of patients compared with pretreatment values. The subjective assessment by the patient after the treatment was improved in 20.0% of group A versus 62.5% of group B patients (P < 0.05). Conclusions  Gastric hypomotility appears to be an important factor in reflux symptom generation in some NERD patients.     

Abnormal gastric myoelectrical activity and delayed gastric emptying in patients with symptoms suggestive of gastroparesis

Gastric myoelectrical activity modulates gastric motor activity. Abnormalities in gastric myoelectrical activity may be associated with gastric motility disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation of gastric myoelectrical activity with gastric emptying in symptomatic patients with and without gastroparesis. Ninety-seven patients with symptoms suggestive of gastroparesis participated in the study. Gastric myoelectrical activity was recorded using surface electrogastrography. The electrogastrogram (EGG) was recorded for 30 min in the fasting state and for 120 min after a solid test meal. Gastric emptying of the solid meal was simultaneously monitored for 120 min. Patients with delayed gastric emptying showed a significantly lower percentage of normal gastric slow waves (P<0.03) and a significantly reduced increase of the dominant power in the postprandial EGG (P<0.02). Postprandial EGG parameters were found to be able to predict delayed emptying of the stomach. Postprandial gastric dysrhythmia predicts delayed gastric emptying with an accuracy of 78%, while the abnormality in postprandial EGG power predicts delayed gastric emptying with an accuracy of 75%. All patients with abnormalities in both the rhythmicity and the power had delayed gastric emptying. Patients with delayed gastric emptying have a lower percentage of normal gastric slow waves in the EGG and a lower postprandial increase in the dominant power. Abnormalities in the postprandial EGG seem to be able to predict delayed emptying of the stomach. However, a normal EGG does not seem to guarantee normal emptying of the stomach.     

Stomach myoelectrical response of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease receiving omeprazole treatment

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Proton pump inhibitor treatment is effective for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It is unknown whether these agents effect any change in the stomach myoelectricity of GERD patients. Electrogastrographic (EGG) recording was used to study the probable effect of omeprazole on GERD patients. METHODS: Nineteen endoscopically confirmed GERD patients and 38 dyspepsia-free controls were invited to receive EGG recording. After daily omeprazole treatment for 4 weeks, the symptomatic response of GERD patients was scaled, healing of erosive esophagitis was endoscopically assessed, and EGG recording was repeated for comparison. RESULTS: Before treatment, GERD patients and controls displayed similar dominant frequency, whereas the former had higher dominant power compared with controls, either in fasting (29.2 +/- 6.0 dB compared with 25.3 +/- 3.8 dB, P < 0.01) or postprandial (31.9 +/- 5.6 dB compared with 27.7 +/- 3.8 dB, P < 0.001) recording. They also had diminished percentile normal rhythm (2-4 c.p.m.), irrespective of fasting (40.2 +/- 14.5% compared with 65.8% +/- 23.5%, P < 0.001) or postprandial (47.5 +/- 23.3% compared with 77.9 +/- 16.8%, P < 0.001) recording. After omeprazole treatment, healing was achieved in 12 patients (63.2%). Among the abnormal EGG parameters, only the postprandial percentile normal rhythm was restored (47.5 +/- 23.3% compared with 65.2 +/- 20.8%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Gastroesophageal reflux disease patients may have obvious dysrhythmia and higher myoelectrical power. Effective omeprazole treatment only improves the postprandial myoelectrical regularity, whereas abnormal EGG parameters remain impaired.     

Mediation of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization induced gastric slow-wave dysrhythmia by endogenous prostaglandin

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In recent years, gastric slow-wave dysrhythmias induced by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) have been observed. Enhanced endogenous prostaglandin may be a possible mechanism for the myoelectrical changes. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the gastric slow-wave dysrhythmias induced by TACE may be mediated by ketoprofen, a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor. METHODS: Twenty-three patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) admitted for TACE were enrolled. A follow-up TACE was scheduled to take place 2 months later. During the next admission for TACE, 50 mg of ketoprofen was given intramuscularly 12 h for 3 days, beginning 48 h before TACE, as premedication. Cutaneous electrogastrography (EGG) was performed before and within 24 h after TACE. RESULTS: The results showed that the change in the fasting EGG parameters after TACE without premedication was not statistically significant. However, the postprandial EGG parameters, including the dominant frequency (DF); the percentages of DF in the normal, bradygastric and tachygastric range; along with the dominant frequency instability coefficient, deteriorated significantly after the procedure (P < 0.01). After the follow-up TACE with ketoprofen premedication, neither the fasting nor postprandial EGG parameters in the control group changed significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Gastric slow-wave dysrhythmias induced by TACE may be mediated by ketoprofen, a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, in HCC patients. However, the improvement in the gastric myoelectrical activity does not eliminate the degree of nausea/vomiting after TACE.     

焦虑、抑郁及睡眠障碍与胃食管反流病的相关研究

ObjectiveTo analyze the mental abnormalities in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and to explore the correlation between GERD and mental disorders. MethodsA total of 40 patients who diagnosed in our hospital from December 2017 to June 2018 were selected, then further divided into non erosive reflux disease (NERD) group and refluxive esophagitis (RE) group according to clinical manifestations, GERD questionnaire score and gastrointestinal endoscopy. Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were used in two groups. ResultsAccording to the analysis result of HAMA in the two groups, the anxiety scale of NERD group was significantly higher than that of RE group (P＜0.05);HAMD analysis shows that depression scale in NERD group was significantly higher that RE group (P＜0.05); PSQI analysis shows that sleep disorder scale in NERD group was significantly higher that RE group (P＜0.05); the correlation analysis of GerdQ score showed that anxiety, depression and sleep disorder were positively correlated with the severity of symptoms (P＜0.05). ConclusionThe depression, anxiety and sleep disorder in NERD patients is higher than that in RE group. The scale of anxiety, depression and sleep disorder is helpful to the psychological intervention and the choice of rational drug treatment in GERD patients with mental disorders.     

反流性食管炎和非糜烂性反流病患者症状谱、生活质量和精神心理状态调查

背景：胃食管反流病（GERD）包括非糜烂性反流病（NERD）、反流性食管炎（RE）和Barrett食管（BE），其发病机制可能有所不同。目的：分析比较NERD和RE患者的人口学特征和临床特点，为探讨其发病机制和有效治疗提供依据。方法：对连续入组的278例GERD患者进行问卷调查，内容包括一般人口学资料、胃食管反流以及相关症状评分、食管外症状、重叠症状、生活质量评价和精神心理状态评价。结果：NERD和RE分别占GERD的60．8％和37．1％；与RE组相比，NERD患者以女性多见（P〈0．05），平均年龄较轻（R〈0．05）。胃食管反流症状评分在两组患者间无显著差异，但RE组烧心频率较NERD组高（P〈0．05），而NERD组胸骨后疼痛更突出，反食症状较轻。两组患者的食管外症状、重叠症状发生率无显著差异。NERD组患者生活质量下降更明显。NERD组患者合并精神心理异常的比例显著高于RE组（P〈0．05），且抑郁评分高。结论：本组资料中大部分GERD患者为NERD，NERD和RE的反流以及相关症状谱无显著差异。但NERD患者常合并精神心理异常、生活质量下降，提示精神心理因素在NERD的发病中可能起重要作用。     

Clinical value of electrogastrography and the gastric emptying test

OBJECTIVE : To: (i) assess the clinical value of electrogastrography (EGG) and the gastric emptying test; and (ii) investigate the relationship between gastric myoelectrical activity and gastric emptying (GE). METHODS : One hundred and forty patients with functional dyspepsia (FD), 30 patients with non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and 20 healthy volunteers were studied. Gastric myoelectrical activity was recorded by using cutaneous EGG. The gastric emptying time was measured by using isotopic, radiopaque marker (Rom’s) and ultrasound methods. RESULTS : The dysrhythmia rates in patients with NIDDM were 70.0% (21/30) before meals and 66.7% (20/30) after meals, and the tachygastria rates of these patients were 36.7% before meals and 33.3% after meals. In NIDDM patients, the dominant frequency (DF) after meals (2.60 ± 0.30 cycles per minute; c.p.m.), the fed DF/fasting DF ratio (1.01 ± 0.11), the dominant power (DP) after meals (121.45 ± 67.00 V² c.p.m.) and the fed DP and fasting DP ratios (0.81 ± 0.07) were significantly lower than those in normal controls (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The DP after meals in patients with FD (210.60 ± 68.40 V² c.p.m.) was significantly lower than that in normal controls (P < 0.01). Delayed gastric emptying was more common in patients with FD and NIDDM. The rate of delayed gastric emptying in 121 cases with normal myoelectrical rhythm was 39.7% (48/121). In 69 cases with dysrhythmia, 45.9% (17/37) with bradygastria and 78.1% (25/32) with tachygastria had delayed gastric emptying. CONCLUSIONS : Electrogastrography and the gastric emptying test are feasible methods for evaluating gastric myoelectrical activity and gastric motility. The precise relationship between gastric myoelectrical activity and gastric motility has not been proven, but there is a close relationship between tachygastria and delayed gastric emptying.