395例聋儿听性稳态反应阈与听性脑干反应阈的比较

目的 探讨听力损失儿童残余听力的评估方法 .方法 应用听性稳态反应(auditory steady-state response,ASSR)与听性脑干反应(auditory brainstem response audiometry,ABR)对395例(790耳)感音神经性聋患儿在睡眠状态下进行各频率ASSR反应阈及ABR的反应阈测试,比较其结果 .结果 395例(790耳)患儿的ASSR高频反应阈与ABR反应阈比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 对听力损失婴幼儿者进行ASSR与ABR测试,有助于其听力损失程度的评估及干预婴幼儿耳聋诊断,为选配助听器和植入人工耳蜗提供依据.     

感音神经性聋患儿的听功能综合评估

目的探讨听力测试组合（ABR＋ASSR＋声场环境中的行为测听）在感音神经性聋患儿残余听力评估中的应用价值。方法48名（96耳）感音神经性聋患儿中能配合纯音测听的患儿19人（38耳）设为PTA组,进行纯音测听及ASSR检测;不能配合纯音测听的患儿29人（58耳）设为BA组,进行声场环境中的行为测听（behavior audiometry,BA）、ABR及ASSR检测。结果①PTA组0．5、1、2、4kHz各频率ASSR反应阈与纯音听阈显著相关（P〈0．01）,各频率相关系数分别为0．75、0．76、0．76、0．83,建立本实验室的ASSR—PTA直线回归方程;②BA组23耳ABR无反应但仍可引出ASSR,而ASSR无反应耳ABR均未能引出;BA组29例患儿中ASSR检测反应较好耳（29耳）在0．5～4kHz四个频率上,ASSR可测得83个反应阈值,行为测听可测得89个反应阈值,综合ASSR和行为测听可以得到96个反应阈值。结论与单项听力测试方法相比,听力测试组合（行为测听＋ABR＋ASSR）能为更小年龄、听力损失更重的患儿进行残余听力的评估,同时能对双侧耳间听力差异、各频率的听力损失程度进行评估,为听力损失病变的定位判断提供参考。     

聋儿听力评估中听性脑干反应和听性稳态反应引出率的比较

目的 通过比较感音神经性聋患儿听性脑干反应(ABR)和听性稳态反应(ASsR)的引出率,探讨ABR和ASSR对聋儿听力评估的意义.方法对54例(108耳)感音神经性聋患儿分别进行ABR和ASSR测试,比较ABR和ASSR在0.5、1、2、4 kHz各频率的引出率.结果 ASSR在0.5、1、2 kHz引出率都显著高于ABR的引出率(P＜0.01),4 kHzASSR的引出率与ABR引出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).在ABR无反应的65耳中,ASSR 1 kHz引出率达76.9%.结论 在聋儿听力评估中,ASSR较ABR有更高的检出率,对于ABR无反应的患儿还应进行ASSR测试.     

极重度听损大前庭水管综合征婴幼儿患者ABR和ASSR结果分析

目的通过对极重度听力损失的大前庭水管综合征婴幼儿进行听性脑干反应（ABR）和多频稳态反应（ASSR）测试,探讨其ABR检查过程中出现的声诱发短潜伏期负向波（acoustically evoked short latency negative response,ASNR）及其ASSR特点。方法回顾性研究22例（42耳）极重度听力损失的大前庭水管综合征（LVAS）婴幼儿,另选择28例（56耳）极重度听力损失的非LVAS的感音神经性耳聋婴幼儿作为对照组,研究其ABR及ASSR相关性。结果①LVAS婴幼儿组ABR测试中,36耳（85．7％）记录到AsNR,在109．6 dB nHL刺激强度引出的ASNR平均潜伏期在3．04±0．22msT对照组中婴幼儿无一例记录到ASNR。②LVAS婴幼儿组ASSRNI]试在250、500和1000Hz引出率明显高于对照组,两组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论相比于普通的极重度感音神经性耳聋患儿,极重度听损LVAS患儿进行听力学检查时,ABR容易出现ASNR负向波,ASSR测试结果显示较高的中低频的电位反应引出率,此结果可用于临床辅助诊断大前庭水管综合征。     

听性稳态反应在新生儿听力评估中的应用

目的 探讨听性稳态反应(auditory steady-state responses,ASSR)在新生儿听力评估中的准确性及应用价值.方法 对30例(60耳)畸变产物耳声发射(distortion product otoacoustic emission,DPOAE)正常的新生儿和45例(78耳)DPOAE异常的新生儿进行ASSR与听性脑干反应(auditory brainstem response audiome-try,ABR)测试,比较ASSR与ABR阈值差异有无统计学意义,并进行两者反应阈的相关性分析.结果 ①DPOAE正常组:ASSR 250 Hz反应阈与ABR阈值差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),ASSR平均阈值及4 000 Hz反应阈与ABR阈值差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),ASSR的250、500、1 000 Hz反应阈与ABR阈值相关性不明显,但2 000、4 000 Hz反应阈与ABR阈值有明显的相关性;②DPOAE异常组:ASSR的250～4 000 Hz阈值及平均阈值与ABR阈值差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).ASSR各频率反应阈与ABR阈值均有显著的相关性.结论 ASSR可以比较准确地评估听力筛查正常新生儿的平均听阈和中、高频听阈以及听力筛查未通过新生儿的各频率听阈.     

多频稳态反应阈与听性脑干反应阈的相关性

目的用多频稳态反应(auditory steady-state response,ASSR)与听性脑干反应(auditory brainstemre-sponse audiometry,ABR)测试聋儿残余听力,观察两者反应阈之间的相关性,对测试结果的准确性做出初步评价。方法对300例(600耳)感音神经性聋儿和30例(60耳)听力正常儿童(对照组)在睡眠状态下进行ASSR与ABR测试,得到不同阈值分布范围,并进行两者反应阈的相关性分析。结果30例(60耳)正常儿童ASSR各频率结果与ABR测试结果进行配对t检验,两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。600例聋儿ASSR高频与ABR测试结果:Pearson统计高频相关系数为0.992,两者有显著相关性。结论ASSR和ABR两者高频反应阈之间有相关性,ASSR频率特性好,对聋儿听力检测及助听器验配具有临床价值。     

听性稳态诱发反应在听力异常婴儿的诊断意义

目的听性稳态诱发反应（auditory steady—statere sponse，ASSR）新技术与视觉强化测听（vision reinforcement audiometry，VRA）阈值的相关性分析研究，探讨听神经病症侯群及其鉴别诊断。方法10例（20耳）对照组，年龄6～12个月，测得ASSR和VRA的正常阈值。16例（26耳）异常听力组患儿（年龄在3～6个月），根据其所患疾病分为3个亚组：Ⅰ组为早孕感染组5例（8耳），Ⅱ组为窒息缺氧组5例（10耳），Ⅲ组为高胆红素血症组6例（8耳），检测畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）、听性脑干反应（ABR）潜伏期、肌反射值与ASSR和VRA及其相关性结果对照。结果Ⅰ组中2例次（2耳次）为单纯疱疹病毒感染。5例次（8耳次）DPOAE消失，4例次（6耳次）ABR波Ⅰ潜伏期延长、Ⅰ—Ⅴ波间潜伏期缩短，3例次（6耳次）500Hz和1000Hz的镫骨肌反射正常，2例次（2耳次）镫骨肌反射阈偏高，初步推测单纯耳蜗性病变，排除听神经病可能，测得ASSR平均估计阈值与VRA平均阈值具有很好的相关性（r=0．95～0．98）。Ⅱ组中4例次（8耳次）畸变产物耳声发射消失，其中1例次（2耳次）ABR波Ⅰ、波Ⅲ、波Ⅴ消失和肌反射消失，3例次（5耳次）ABR波Ⅰ消失和波Ⅲ及波Ⅴ潜伏期延长，以及肌反射消失。2例次（3耳次）Ⅰ-Ⅲ波间潜伏期延长，肌反射也消失。推测可能为听神经病症侯群（耳蜗至脑干下听觉传导通路受损）伴有耳蜗功能障碍，测得ASSR平均估计阈值与VRA平均阈值具有较好的相关性（r=0．72～0．84）。Ⅲ组中6例次（8耳次）DPOAE存在，4例次（5耳次）ABR波Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ和肌反射消失，2例次（3耳次）Ⅰ—Ⅴ波间潜伏期延长，镫骨肌反射阈正常偏高，初步分析推测为听神经病症侯群病损在脑干以上，测得ASSR平均估计阈值与VRA平均阈值具有很弱的相关性（r=0．43～0．64），ASSR阈值和VRA阈值不一致，进一步说明这组的病损应该在脑干或皮层。3个亚组的每个频率（0．25、0．5、1、2,4kHz）平均ASSR和VRA阈值差值比较，差异都具有统计学意义（F检验，P〈0．05、P〈0．01、P〈0．01、P〈0．05、P〈0．05）。结论通过ASSR阈值和VRA阈值相关性技术研究或许可提供诊断及鉴别诊断在各种频率听力障碍婴儿的听神经病症侯群（病变高位）、听神经病症侯群伴有耳蜗功能障碍（病变低位）以及单纯耳蜗性病（非听神经病）。     

正常豚鼠听性脑干反应与听性稳态反应的对比

目的 比较正常豚鼠听性脑干反应(ABR)和听性稳态反应(ASSR)阈值的差异,为利用豚鼠进行听力学研究提供理论依据.方法 选正常听力豚鼠12只(24耳),在戊巴比妥钠镇静状态下,分别行ABR和ASSR测试.ABR为click刺激声,刺激率为11.1次/s,记录ABR的Ⅱ渡反应阈值.ASSR载波频率(CF)为0.5、1、2、3、4、6 kHz,调制频率(MF)为154 Hz,记录各载频的反应阅值.结果 正常豚鼠ASSR反应阈值高于ABR反应阈值,CF:0.5.4 kHz时.ABR与ASSR阈值间有统计学差异(P<0.01);CF=6 kHz时,两阈值间无统计学差异(P>0.05).结论 正常豚鼠ABR与ASSR阈值间存在较大差值,但ABR与6 kHz的ASSR阈值间无显著差异.故对豚鼠进行听阈评估时,要注意两者间由于ASSR载波频率不同所引起的差异.     

不同月龄婴幼儿听性稳态反应和听性脑干反应的相关性分析

目的 了解不同月龄婴幼儿听性稳态反应和听性脑干反应反应阈的相关性.方法 对象为299例(497耳)1～36月龄的婴幼儿,分为1～月龄组208耳,4～月龄组81耳,7～月龄组47耳,13～月龄组53耳,19～36月龄组108耳,将各组ABR反应阈均值分别与ASSR的2、4 kHz反应阈及2、4 kHz反应阈的平均值进行相关性分析.结果 1～月龄组ABR反应阈与ASSR的2、4 kHz反应阈及2、4 kHz反应阈平均值相关系数分别为0.499、0.541、0.531;4～月龄组分别为0.678、0.705、0.726;7～月龄组分别为0.792、0.717、0.777;13～月龄组分别为0.934、0.880、0.915;19～36月龄组分别为0.817、0.810、0.867.结论 1～18月龄婴幼儿听性稳态反应和听性脑干反应反应阈的相关性随月龄增加而增加,12月龄以上均为高度相关.     

听性脑干反应和听性稳态反应测试技术

听性脑干反应（ABR）和听性稳态反应（ASSR）是目前临床常用的电生理测听方法。其适用对象主要为儿童,尤其是年龄较小、无法可靠地进行行为测听的儿童。如何正确地根据两种测试结果评估儿童的听力状况,是听力学工作者和语言康复教师必须掌握的技能之一。     

Auditory steady-state response and auditory brainstem response thresholds in children

The inclusion of the auditory steady-state response (ASSR) into test-batteries for objective audiometry has allowed for clinical comparisons with the most widely used procedure, the auditory brainstem response (ABR). The current study describes ASSR and ABR thresholds for a group of infants and young children with various types and degrees of hearing loss. A sample of 48 subjects (23 female) with a mean age of 2.8 ± 1.9 years SD were assessed with a comprehensive test-battery and classified according to type and degree of hearing loss. Thresholds were determined with a broadband click-evoked ABR and single frequency ASSR evoked with continuous tones (0.25–4 kHz) amplitude modulated (67–95 Hz). Mean difference scores (±SD) between the ABR and high frequency ASSR thresholds were 9.8 (±11), 3.6 (±12) and 10.5 (±12) dB at 1, 2 and 4 kHz, respectively. An ASSR mean threshold for 2–4 and 1–4 kHz compared to the ABR threshold revealed an average difference of 7 (±9) and 7.9 (±8) dB, respectively. The overall correlation between the ABR and ASSR thresholds was highest for the mean ASSR thresholds of 2–4 and 1–4 kHz (r = 0.92 for both conditions). Correlations between the ABR and individual ASSR frequencies were slightly less (0.82–0.86). The average of the 2–4 kHz ASSR thresholds correlated best with the click-evoked ABR for all categories of hearing loss except for the sensorineural hearing loss category for which the 1–4 kHz ASSR average was better correlated to ABR thresholds. Findings demonstrate the reliability of verifying high frequency ASSR thresholds with a click-evoked ABR as an important cross-check in infants for whom behavioural audiometry may not be possible.     

正常新生儿和婴儿的短音听性脑干反应和听觉稳态反应

目的 建立听力正常婴儿短音听性脑干反应(tone-pip ABR)和听觉稳态反应(auditorysteady state response,ASSR)反应阈的正常参考值,研究其听觉发育的生物学规律,并比较两种听力检测技术的频率特性.方法 选取0～6月龄听力正常婴儿80例(160耳),按月龄分为四组:新生儿组、42 d组、3月龄组和6月龄组,每组20例(40耳),男女例数均等,分别记录其短声ABR的潜伏期及在0.25、0.5、1、2、4、8 kHz频率范围内tone-pip ABR和ASSR的反应阈.结果 在70 dB正常听力级短声刺激下,短声ABRⅠ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波潜伏期、Ⅰ～Ⅲ、Ⅲ～Ⅴ、Ⅰ～Ⅴ波间期随月龄增加逐渐缩短,波Ⅰ于42 d前、波Ⅲ于3个月前发育变化显著.tone-pip ABR波形与短声ABR相似,Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波潜伏期随频率增加逐渐缩短,波形分化逐渐清晰.不同频率、不同月龄tone-pip ABR和ASSR反应阈差异具有统计学意义(P值均＜0.05).除0.25 kHz外,其余频率tone-pip ABR反应阈均低于ASSR.不同月龄tone-pip ABR和ASSR听力曲线形状相似.结论 0～6月正常婴儿tone-pip ABR的潜伏期和波间期随月龄增加逐渐缩短,而反应阈无明显变化.tone-pip ABR和ASSR均有稳定的频率特异性,tone-pip ABR反应阈低于ASSR,可能更接近主观纯音听阈.     

The value of ABR- and ASSR-based hearing estimation in young children with congenital monaural malformation (atresia)

Abstract

Background: The electrophysiology of auditory nerve mature is particularly important for unilateral hearing loss.

Objectives: To assess the hearing status in young children with congenital monaural malformation and evaluate their potential for practical use in the functional maturation parameters of the auditory pathway.

Materials and methods: ABR (auditory brainstem responses) and ASSR (auditory steady-state responses) threshold measurements were performed in 21 young children with congenital monaural atresia.

Results: The average electrophysiologic thresholds for the ABR were 65?dB nHL ± 1.20 in malformed ears and 25?dB nHL ± 0.48 in normal ones. All 21 atretic ears presented with typical conductive hearing loss. There was no statistic positive correlation in hearing-impaired ears between the methods of ABR and ASSR responses (r?=?0.12, 0.20 and 0.17). The IPL (interpeak latency) of I–III, III–V and I–V of atretic ears in ABR test was decreased relative to normal ears. Furthermore, a shortening of the IPLs I–III, III–V, I–V can be observed with increasing age of the children in malformed ears.

Conclusions and significance: The ABR- and ASSR-based hearing evaluation in young children with congenital monaural malformation should be viewed as complementary technologies. Besides, there was no delay of functional maturation at brainstem level although unilateral hearing was deprived during their early years of life.     

Auditory sensitivity in children using the auditory steady-state response

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of auditory steady-state response (ASSR) as a measure of hearing sensitivity in young children suspect for significant hearing loss. DESIGN: Within-subject comparisons of click auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds and ASSR thresholds. SUBJECTS: The study population comprised 42 children suspect for hearing loss and subsequently referred for hearing assessment using electrophysiologic techniques. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Electrophysiologic threshold responses for click ABR and ASSR stimuli (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz) for right and left ears. RESULTS: Based on ABR and ASSR thresholds, 50% of the subjects demonstrated significant hearing loss in the severe to profound range. In some subjects, ASSRs were present at higher stimulus levels when click ABRs were absent. Significant correlations (P<.05) were found between high-frequency ASSR and click ABR thresholds for this study sample. For some subjects, ASSR findings suggested differences between ears that were not observable from the no-response click ABR results. CONCLUSIONS: Auditory steady-state response testing may provide additional information for children who demonstrate hearing levels in the severe to profound range. This information may be helpful when selecting the ear for cochlear implantation for a young hearing-impaired child. Multiple objective methods, such as ABR and ASSR testing, may be needed to determine accurate hearing sensitivity for young children being considered for sensory devices, and in particular, cochlear implants.     

听性稳态反应与听性脑干反应阈值的比较

目的:通过比较同一组聋儿听性脑干反应(ABR)和听性稳态反应(ASSR)的反应阈值,对ASSR的临床应用价值作出评价。方法:分别记录65例年龄在2.5个月~5.5岁聋儿的ABR及ASSR结果并进行比较及相关分析。结果:本组聋儿ABR反应阈值左右耳分别为(85.82±12.39)和(82.70±14.93)dB nHL;ASSR 4个测试频率的反应阈值左耳为(86.91±16.70)(、90.32±16.11)、(91.02±16.58)、(89.80±17.08)dB HL,右耳为(85.15±18.16)(、89.32±17.76)(、90.41±18.87)(、85.15±17.03)dB HL。ASSR 4个测试频率的反应阈值与ABR结果的相关系数分别为左耳0.622、0.721、0.757、0.714和右耳0.613、0.732、0.795、0.739。结论:ASSR与ABR测试结果有显著的相关性,而ASSR所获得的是分频资料,因此这种测试方法有较高的临床应用价值。     

Comparison of auditory steady-state response and auditory brainstem response thresholds in children

Recently, auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs) have been proposed as an alternative to the auditory brainstem response (ABR) for threshold estimation. The goal of this study was to investigate the degree to which ASSR thresholds correlate with ABR thresholds for a group of sedated children with a range of hearing losses. Thirty-two children from the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics ranging in age from 2 months to 3 years and presenting with a range of ABR thresholds participated. Strong correlations were found between the 2000-Hz ASSR thresholds and click ABR thresholds (r = .96), the average of the 2000- and 4000-Hz ASSR thresholds and click ABR thresholds (r = .97), and the 500-Hz ASSR and 500-Hz toneburst ABR thresholds (r = .86). Additionally, it was possible to measure ASSR thresholds for several children with hearing loss that was great enough to result in no ABR at the limits of the equipment. The results of this study indicate that the ASSR may provide a reasonable alternative to the ABR for estimating audiometric thresholds in very young children.     

听神经病小儿60例分析

目的对60例听神经病小儿进行临床听力学分析,以便提高对此病的认识,避免漏诊及误诊。方法2003年-2005年我院临床医学听觉言语康复中心门诊,对4个月-6岁婴幼儿及儿童诊疗中发现60例聋儿,对声音有反应,但不会讲话,给于ABR、ASSR、OAE、声导抗、影像学检查后,发现异常反应。结果60例(120耳)聋儿ABR严重异常,ASSR、行为测听有部分残余听力、OAE正常、声导抗及影像学方面未发现异常。结论听神经病是一种近期提出的病因不明的听觉障碍性疾病。此病引起具有特殊临床表现与听力学检查表现的感音神经性聋,有助于与感音性聋的鉴别。     

正常气骨导听性脑干反应及其应用

［摘要］目的：研究骨导听性脑干反应(ABR)的波形特点及正常的气、骨导ABR Ⅴ波潜伏期-强度曲线及相应的反应阈值，为临床气导ABR（AC ABR）和骨导ABR(BC ABR)的联合应用提供参考依据。方法：利用Nicolet spirit型诱发电位仪、EAR 3A插入式耳机和Radioear B 71骨振动器对一组听力正常年轻人（男32耳、女24耳）进行短声气骨导ABR测试，并观察对侧给予白噪声掩蔽对BC ABR阈值及潜伏期的影响。结果：气骨导ABR相应强度下波形相似波Ⅴ潜伏期－强度曲线表明，随着刺激强度逐渐减低，潜伏期逐渐延长。骨导Click的潜伏期要比气导Click潜伏期延长的程度大，BC ABR反应阈比气导ABR高。对侧70?dBSPL以下强度宽带噪声的使用对BC ABR阈值及阈上10?dB强度下波Ⅴ潜伏期均无显著影响（P＞0.05）。结论：(1) BC ABR波形特点与相应刺激强度的AC ABR极为相似。BC ABR与AC ABR潜伏期-强度函数曲线可望联合用于传导障碍及其程度的评估；(2) 骨导行为的听阈水平超过40?dBHL时，BC ABR难以引出，对其结果的解释应持慎重态度；(3) 骨导ABR测试时常规加对侧噪声掩蔽，但掩蔽声强度不应超过60?dB。     

The auditory steady-state response: comparisons with the auditory brainstem response

Two studies are reported in which the threshold estimates from auditory steady-state response (ASSR) tests are compared to those of click- or toneburst-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs). The first, a retrospective review of 51 cases, demonstrated that both the click-evoked ABR and the ASSR threshold estimates in infants and children could be used to predict the pure-tone threshold. The second, a prospective study of normal-hearing adults, provided evidence that the toneburst-evoked ABR and the modulated tone-evoked ASSR thresholds were similar when both were detected with an automatic detection algorithm and that threshold estimates varied with frequency, stimulus rate, and detection method. The lowest thresholds were obtained with visual detection of the ABR. The studies illustrate that ASSRs can be used to estimate pure-tone threshold in infants and children at risk for hearing loss and also in normal-hearing adults.