药物涂层球囊与药物洗脱支架治疗冠状动脉小血管病变的Meta分析

目的 比较药物涂层球囊(DCB)和药物洗脱支架(DES)在冠状动脉(冠脉)小血管病变中的疗效和安全性.方法 通过计算机检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library和Web of Science数据库,检索截止至2019年5月1日正式发表的文献.纳入比较冠脉小血管病变患者使用药物涂层球囊与药物洗脱支架治疗差...     

生物可吸收支架在冠脉分叉病变中的应用经验

生物可吸收支架的出现为冠状动脉分叉病变介入治疗提供了一种全新的策略。然而由于分叉病变的复杂性,在植入生物可吸收支架过程中还有多种技术手段可供选择。因此,本文旨在综合国外临床经验的基础上,对冠脉分叉病变应用生物可吸收支架策略选择做一综述。     

冠状动脉内支架植入术治疗复杂冠脉病变的临床分析

目的评价经皮冠状动脉内支架术治疗复杂冠状动脉病变的疗效及安全性。方法对127例复杂冠脉血管病变患者施行冠状动脉内支架术,病变血管共162支,B型115处,C型病变63处,其中急性、亚急性完全或次全闭塞病变23例23处病变。结果共植入186个支架,成功184个,术后复查冠状动脉造影,无明显残余狭窄,手术成功率为98.4%。住院期间无急性或亚急性血栓形成,死亡1例(0.8%),随访3个月~7年(平均30.6±11.4个月),心绞痛复发率12.6%。结论经皮冠状动脉内支架术治疗复杂冠状动脉病变是一种安全有效的介入性治疗技术,成功率高,并发症低。     

冠状动脉病变小支架治疗的急性期和远期疗效

目的利用病例登记方法评价冠状动脉病变小支架治疗的急性期和远期疗效.方法对298例冠心病患者行经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术(PTCA)和支架术,依据置入支架直径将患者分为小支架组(59例,直径＜3mm)和大支架组(239例,直径≥3mm).观察手术成功率和并发症发生率,患者每3～4个月门诊随访1次,记录心肌梗塞、各种死亡原因.怀疑心肌缺血者再次行冠脉造影,如再狭窄＞70%则再次行靶血管血运重建术(TLR).结果小支架组和大支架组分别有61和274处病变,两组急性期成功率和并发症发生率均相似.10±5月随访中小支架组TLR患者明显多于大支架组,有显著性差异,P＜0.05.小支架组进一步分析发现,置入支架长度＞15mm患者随访期TLR发生率高于置入支架长度≤15mm患者,有显著性差异(P＜0.05).结论与大支架相比,小支架置入患者急性期成功率和并发症相似,但远期TLR明显增多.     

药物洗脱支架治疗冠状动脉小血管病变的疗效分析

目的通过分析比较裸金属支架(BMS)与药物洗脱支架[DES,包括雷帕霉素(Cypher)支架和紫杉醇(TAXUS)支架]治疗冠状动脉小血管病变疗效的差异,为DES治疗多支及单支小血管病变冠心病提供依据。方法连续入选2002年12月至2005年5月沈阳军区总医院首次接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)、靶血管为小血管病变且达到完全血运重建的486例患者,其中多支小血管病变(多支)150例。分为BMS组214例(多支63例)、Cypher组140例(多支46例)和TAXUS组132例(多支41例),对比分析各组患者住院期间及随访6个月的临床情况。结果3组患者冠脉病变特点、PCI成功率及住院期间主要不良心脏事件(MACE)发生率等指标差异均无显著性(P>0·05)。冠脉造影随访显示,两个DES组再狭窄率均明显低于BMS(Cypher组4·9%,TAXUS组7·5%对BMS组29·2%,P<0·05),随访期间MACE发生率亦明显低于BMS(Cypher组2·9%,TAXUS组3·9%对BMS组12·0%,P<0·01)。进一步分析多支小血管病例,发现两个DES组的再狭窄率及随访期间MACE发生率仍然明显低于BMS组(再狭窄率Cypher组6·7%,TAXUS组7·1%对BMS组37·5%,P<0·05;MACE发生率Cypher组4·1%,TAXUS组4·8%对BMS组21·0%,P<0·05)。结论Cypher和TAXUS支架治疗小血管病变安全可行,疗效显著,治疗多支小血管病变可得到相同的疗效。     

地塞米松涂层支架治疗小直径冠状动脉病变的初步研究

目的　评价以磷酸胆碱为载体的地塞米松涂层支架 (PC MATRIX)治疗小直径冠状动脉病变的临床效果。方法　前瞻性分析了 82例患者 10 6枚小直径支架置入的临床成功率、心脏事件(MACE)及远期疗效。PC MATRIX支架组 4 1例 (支架 5 4枚 ) ,PC支架组 4 1例 (支架 5 2枚 )。结果　两组患者手术成功率均为 10 0 % ,PC MATRIX支架组的MACE率为 9 8% ,PC支架组为 2 2 0 % ;临床再狭窄率分别为 4 9%和 2 3 0 % ;造影再狭窄率分别为 6 2 %和 2 9 7% ,两组间统计学差异有显著性。结论　PC MATRIX支架治疗小直径冠状动脉病变的手术成功率高 ,术中、术后严重的心脏事件发生率低 ,并可能降低冠状动脉小血管病变支架再狭窄发生率。     

应用Partner支架完成Crush技术治疗冠脉分叉病变的即刻及近期随访结果

目的评价国产西罗莫司药物洗脱支架（Partner）完成Crush技术治疗冠状动脉分叉病变的安全性及有效性。方法冠状动脉造影证实为冠状动脉真性分叉病变（Medina分型为1．1．1）,主支和分支均选择Partner支架完成Crush技术,术后6月进行冠状动脉造影随访。结果共30例患者入选,冠脉分叉病变31处。患者平均年龄（61．7±11．2）岁,其中男性占66．7％。31处分叉病变分布：前降支与对角支51．6％,左主干与前降支和回旋支32．3％,右冠脉左室后侧支与后降支9．7％,回旋支与钝缘支6．5％。非顺应性球囊高压扩张占58．1％,最后完成球囊对吻技术96．8％。主支和分支置人支架（1．50±0．55）枚和（1．10±0．34）枚,支架长度为（37．2±1．2）mm和（21．6±0．83）mm,支架直径为（3．27±0．51）mm和（2．76±0．48）mm。近期随访主要心血管事件（MACE）的发生率为3.3％。结论西罗莫司洗脱支架Partner完成Crush技术治疗冠脉分叉病变是安全、有效的,而且相对低的医疗费用使国产西罗莫司洗脱支架Partner在复杂病变中的应用更具有吸引力。     

钴合金支架点状置入与雷帕霉素洗脱支架治疗糖尿病小血管长病变的对照研究

合并糖尿病的冠心病患常为小血管病变、弥漫性长病变以及多支病变，经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）后支架内再狭窄率高达24％～40％，糖尿病是支架内再狭窄最强的临床预测因子。在裸金属支架时代对于较长的病变不追求覆盖所有病变，仅在最狭窄部位放置尽可能短的支架以取得较理想的冠状动脉造影（CAG）结果，术后支架内再狭窄率以及主要不良心脏事件（MACE，包括心原性死亡、急性心肌梗死、靶病变再次血运重建）的发生率均明显下降；而在药物支架时代对于斑块的全病变覆盖则是获得最低再狭窄率的重要保证。钴合金支架（cobalt alloy stent，CAS）金属含量较低，支架扩张充分，术后再狭窄率大大下降旧。     

药物洗脱支架和金属裸支架治疗弥漫病变的比较研究

目的比较冠心病患者弥漫病变采用药物洗脱支架和金属裸支架治疗的近期和远期预后,分析影响这类病变介入治疗预后的危险因素。方法研究对象为我院2004年4月至2005年8月接受置入单个长度>25.0mm支架治疗并且进行冠状动脉造影随访的205例患者,排除支架置入失败及支架置入位置不理想者。分为置入药物洗脱支架(DES)组(n=128)和置入金属裸支架(BMS)组(n=77)。所有的患者术后均接受阿司匹林300mg、氯吡格雷75mg等规范药物治疗。手术成功判定标准为至少用相互垂直的两个投照体位行冠状动脉造影,肉眼判定残余狭窄<20%和前向血流TIMI3级。再狭窄判定标准以复查冠状动脉造影定量分析支架内或支架邻近血管管腔直径狭窄程度≥50%。患者在支架术后6个月左右接受冠状动脉造影随访。结果共205例患者(男性181例,女性24例)227个靶病变置入382枚支架完成造影随访。其中C型病变占总数的93.8%,B2型病变为6.2%。双支或双支以上血管病变的患者比例达到86.8%。平均术前参考血管直径(2.88±0.43)mm。平均每个病变支架长度(40.09±12.94)mm,54.2%的病变接受了重叠置入支架。比较置入DES组和置入BMS组,两组的患者基本条件差异无统计学意义,在病变基本条件方面,DES组术前参考血管直径明显小于BMS组[(2.80±0.37)mm比(3.10±0.48)mm,P=0.005]。6个月随访结果显示再狭窄率DES组(15.4%)小于BMS组(48.4%),P<0.001。晚期支架内腔径丢失BMS组明显大于DES组[(0.94±0.76)mm比(0.39±0.53)mm,P<0.001]。靶病变血管重建率DES要明显好于BMS(11.6%比38.5%,P<0.001)。支架内再狭窄在置入DES组的局限性再狭窄比例大于置入BMS组(33.3%比18.2%,P=0.029)。对影响复杂弥漫病变支架再狭窄因素的多元logistic回归分析发现,采用支架重叠置入(OR=2.82,P=0.017)和支架类型(OR=5.71,P<0.001)是对复杂弥漫病变支架内再狭窄影响最大的危险因素。结论我们的研究发现对于复杂弥漫病变的治疗,药物洗脱支架有着良好的治疗效果,较金属裸支架能明显减低再狭窄率。对于弥漫病变,我们应该使用长支架,尽可能减少支架重叠置入的数量。     

药物洗脱支架治疗冠状动脉小血管病变的疗效分析

目的 通过分析比较裸金属支架（BMS）与药物洗脱支架[DES，包括雷帕霉素（Cypher）支架和紫杉醇（TAXUS）支架]治疗冠状动脉小血管病变疗效的差异，为DES治疗多支及单支小血管病变冠心病提供依据。方法连续入选2002年12月至2005年5月沈阳军区总医院首次接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）、靶血管为小血管病变且达到完全血运重建的486例患者，其中多支小血管病变（多支）150例。分为BMS组214例（多支63例）、Cypher组140例（多支46例）和TAXUS组132例（多支41例），对比分析各组患者住院期间及随访6个月的临床情况。结果3组患者冠脉病变特点、PCI成功率及住院期间主要不良心脏事件（MACE）发生率等指标差异均无显著性（P〉0．05）。冠脉造影随访显示，两个DES组再狭窄率均明显低于BMS（Cypher组4．9％，TAXUS组7．5％对BMS组29．2％，P〈0．05），随访期间MACE发生率亦明显低于BMS（Cypher组2．9％，TAXUS组3．9％对BMS组12、0％，P〈0．01）。进一步分析多支小血管病例，发现两个DES组的再狭窄率及随访期间MACE发生率仍然明显低于BMS组（再狭窄率Cypher组6．7％，TAXUS组7．1％对BMS组37．5％，P〈0．05；MACE发生率Cypher组4、1％。TAXUS组4．8％对BMS组21．O％，P〈0．05）。结论Cypher和TAXUS支架治疗小血管病变安全可行，疗效显著，治疗多支小血管病变可得到相同的疗效。     

小血管支架的临床应用

目的　评价具有磷酸胆碱涂层的小血管支架治疗细小冠状动脉病变 (≤ 3 0mm)的疗效。方法　选择 4 5例冠心病患者 ,男 35例 ,女 10例 ,年龄 (5 4 2± 10 5 )岁。常规行冠状动脉造影 ,以美国GE公司研制的血管造影机 (GEAdvantx)测量系统实时测量病变血管直径。小于 3 0mm的病变血管共 5 4支 ,平均血管直径为 (2 0± 0 4 5 )mm ,植入PC涂层 (BiodivYsioSV)支架 5 9个。结果　 5 4支病变血管均经球囊扩张后植入支架 ,手术成功率为 10 0 %。支架植入后平均狭窄直径减至 0 %～10 %,无一例急性或亚急性支架内血栓形成。全部病例随访 (6± 2 4 )个月 ,无一例死亡。 10例于术后(4± 1 2 )个月出现心绞痛复发 ,经冠状动脉造影证实 8例为支架内再狭窄 ,2例出现其他部位血管病变。结论　应用具有磷酸胆碱涂层的支架治疗小血管病变 ,再狭窄率低 ,临床疗效肯定。     

Clinical outcomes of everolimus- and zotarolimus-eluting stents in patients with acute myocardial infarction for small coronary artery disease

Background and purposeThere were limited data about comparison of zotarolimus-eluting stents (ZES) and everolimus-eluting stents (EES) in patients with small coronary artery disease (CAD), especially in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The objective of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of ZES and EES in patients with AMI for small CAD.Methods and subjectsA total 1565 AMI patients treated with Endeavor-ZES (n = 651) (Medtronic CardioVascular, Santa Rosa, CA, USA) or Xience V/Promus-EES (n = 914) (Abbott Vascular, Temecula, CA/Boston Scientific, Natick, MA, USA) for small CAD (stent diameter ≤2.75 mm) in KAMIR (Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry) were enrolled. After propensity score matching to adjust for baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics, we compared a total 1302 patients (651 ZES and 651 EES) about major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 1-year. Subgroup analysis about 1-year clinical outcomes was undertaken in patients who were discharged alive.ResultsBaseline clinical and angiographic characteristics were similar between the two groups after propensity score matching. Total MACE did not differ between the two groups before (9.8% vs. 8.2%, p = 0.265) and after (9.8% vs. 9.4%, p = 0.778) propensity score matching. The EES group showed lower rate of 1-year cardiac death (5.4% vs. 3.3%, p = 0.041), target lesion failure (TLF; 6.9% vs. 4.3%, p = 0.022), and stent thrombosis (1.4% vs. 0.4%, p = 0.042) compared with the ZES group. However, there were no differences in 1-year cardiac death, TLF, and stent thrombosis in propensity score matched populations. Other various 1-year clinical outcomes showed no difference between the two groups. Subgroup analysis in patients who were discharged alive showed similar outcomes between the two groups at 1-year follow-up.ConclusionIn-this propensity score matched analysis, EES and ZES showed no significant difference in clinical outcomes at 1-year follow-up in patients with AMI for small CAD.     

Obliteration of a coronary artery aneurysm with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and stent placement

We report the first case of obliteration of a coronary artery aneurysm by angioplasty and Palmaz-Schatz stenting. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Diagn. 41:51–52, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Clinical utility of low-pressure implantation of drug-eluting stent into very small vessels

BackgroundAlthough drug-eluting stents (DES) reduce restenosis, the best strategy for DES implantation in small vessels has not been established.PurposeWe investigated the clinical usefulness of low-pressure implantation of a 2.5-mm DES for small vessels less than 2.5 mm in diameter.MethodsIn 118 patients, a 2.5-mm DES was implanted for small vessels less than 2.5 mm in diameter between 2007 and 2009 in our hospital. The patients were divided into two groups by initial deployment pressure: low-pressure (LP; n = 46) and nominal-pressure (NP; n = 72).ResultsPatients with impaired glucose tolerance were more frequent (p = 0.02) and the target vessel diameter was significantly smaller (p = 0.01) in the LP group than in the NP group. A smaller minimum lumen diameter (MLD) was obtained (LP: 2.22 ± 0.27 mm vs. NP: 2.34 ± 0.26 mm, p = 0.02) after DES implantation with a smaller balloon-to-artery ratio (p = 0.03) in the LP group. However, at mid-term follow-up (7.7 ± 3.9 months), MLD (p = 0.55) and the binary restenosis rate (LP: 2.6% vs. NP: 11.1%, p = 0.12) were not significantly different between the LP and NP groups. Furthermore, by Kaplan–Meier analysis, the incidence of major adverse cardiac events was not different between the groups during the long-term follow-up (32.4 ± 8.6 months).ConclusionThe present study indicates that low-pressure implantation of 2.5-mm DES for very small vessels may be feasible with regard to short- and long-term clinical outcomes.     

Comparison of the effectiveness of sirolimus- and paclitaxel-eluting stents for small coronary artery lesions.

BACKGROUND: The sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) and the paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) reduce restenosis in small coronary artery lesions. However, it is not clear which of these stents is superior in terms of clinical outcomes. METHODS: The authors retrospectively examined 197 patients with 245 de novo small coronary artery lesions (相似文献   

Bent stents: A method to facilitate delivery of the Palmaz-Schatz stent in tortuous and rigid coronary arteries

The Palmaz-Schatz stent delivery system (PS 153) and “bare” PS 204 stents are relatively high-profile, rigid devices that can be difficult to deliver to lesions beyond tortuous, irregular, or rigid proximal segments. Described herein is a method of mounting and shaping a Palmaz-Schatz stent on a low-profile balloon that provides a steerable, low-profile, and secure stent delivery system. Also described is the successful use of this method in four consecutive cases where Palmaz-Schatz stents could not be delivered to the lesion site due to severely angulated, irregular, or rigid proximal vessel segments. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Diagn. 44:341–344, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Extraction of fully deployed coronary stents

Coronary stents are often used because of their potential to improve the acute and long-term results of balloon angioplasty. The Palmaz-Schatz stent has been approved for use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration largely because of a demonstrated reduction in the incidence of restenosis following its primary implantation. The Gianturco-Roubin design has been approved for use when balloon angioplasty results in threatened or acute vessel closure. In practice, both stent types are being used in settings when the results of balloon angioplasty are either potentially or actually unacceptable. In such circumstances it is imperative that stents be placed accurately and carefully. Occasionally, stent misplacement, embolization, or disruption can occur, and the need arises to recover and/or reposition the wayward prosthesis. This review describes the removal and recovery of fully deployed Gianturco-Roubin stents using an intracoronary snare technique. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Prospective randomized study of the restenotic process in small coronary arteries using a Carbofilm coated stent in comparison with plain old balloon angioplasty: a multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: The optimal interventional approach to treat lesions in small coronary arteries is still undetermined and controversial. This randomized, multicenter trial was designed to compare the 6-months restenosis and clinical event rates in two treatment groups: balloon angioplasty as a primary strategy and provisional stenting versus primary implantation of a carbon coated stent (Carbosten). RESULTS: At 6 months the angiographic restenosis rate was significantly lower for the stented patients (11.6%) as compared to the balloon angioplasty patients (32.2%). However this advantage in restenosis rate did not translate into a clinical benefit in respect to target vessel revascularization rates. Conclusion: This trial demonstrated a remarkably low 6-months restenosis rate for lesions in small (<2.8 mm) coronary arteries treated with Carbosten implantation that is comparable to the rates found after drug eluting stent implantation and was significantly better in comparison to balloon angioplasty alone.