莫西沙星治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作54例

目的观察口服莫西沙星治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作的临床疗效。方法108例慢性支气管炎急性发作患者，随机分为治疗组和对照组，治疗组54例给予莫西沙星400 mg，po，qd，共6 d;对照组54例给予头孢曲松钠2 g静脉注射，qd，共6 d。两组其他治疗相同。结果治疗组总有效率88.89%，对照组总有效率74.07%，治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组(P＜0.05);治疗组细菌总清除率92.59%，对照组88.46%，两组细菌总清除率差异无显著性。结论莫西沙星治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作的临床疗效高于头孢曲松钠，且使用方便，患者依从性好，不良反应少，可以作为慢性支气管炎急性发作的经验用药。     

莫西沙星与克拉霉素治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作的疗效观察

目的:探讨莫西沙星与克拉霉素治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作的临床疗效及安全性。方法:将70例患者随机分为治疗组35例,口服莫西沙星片400mg,每天1次;对照组35例,口服克拉霉素500mg,每天2次。两组疗程均为7～10天。结果:莫西沙星和克拉霉素治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作的有效率分别为91.4%和88.6%,细菌清除率分别为94.7%和93.3%,不良反应发生率分别为5.7%和8.6%,两组比较差异均无显著性。结论:莫西沙星治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作的疗效、安全性与克拉霉素相似。     

莫西沙星治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作30例疗效观察

目的探讨莫西沙星对慢性支气管炎急性发作的临床疗效。方法采用随机、对照治疗方案，莫西沙星组、阿奇霉素组各30例，每天一次口服莫西沙星400mg或阿奇霉素500mg，两组疗程均6—9d，用药前后均检查痰细菌学以判定疗效。结果莫西沙星组临床总有效率90．0％，细菌清除率86．4％，并且莫西沙星组用药3d后临床有效率为70％，均显著高于阿奇霉素组。结论莫西沙星口服治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作疗效高，不良反应轻微，可以临床普遍使用。     

莫西沙星治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作的疗效观察

目的分析与探讨莫西沙星对于慢性支气管炎急性发作的治疗效果。方法选取本院2009年3月至2011年3月期间收治的慢性支气管炎急性发作患者共78例,随机将其分为2组,观察组39例患者给予其莫西沙星进行治疗,对照组39例患者给予其罗红霉素进行治疗,对比两组的治疗有效率、细菌清除率以及不良反应。结果采用莫西沙星进行治疗的观察组患者其治疗有效率为92.0%,细菌清除率为88.0%,而采用罗红霉素进行治疗的对照组患者其治疗有效率为80.0%,细菌清除率为65.0%,对比两组患者的治疗有效率与细菌清除率具有显著性差异,P<0.05.观察组患者的不良反应主要表现为恶心、胃肠道不适,而对照组患者的不良反应主要为呕吐与胃肠道不适,对比两组患者的不良反应发生率可得,观察组为3.0%,对照组为10.0%,差异性具有统计学意义。结论采取莫西沙星治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作具有显著的治疗效果,且不良反应较少,患者耐受强,因此值得在临床上进行推广与应用。     

莫西沙星治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作36例

目的观察莫西沙星对慢性支气管炎急性发作的,临床疗效。方法将72例患者随机均分成两组,A组36例口服莫西沙星400mg,1次／d,B组36例12＇服罗红霉素150mg,2次／d,两组疗程均为9d,用药前后作痰细菌学培养。结果临床总有效率A组为91．67％,B组为52．78％;细菌清除率A组为89．66％,B组为55．56％。A组临床总有效率与细菌清除率均显著高于B组。结论莫西沙星口服治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作疗效高,不良反应轻微,临床可推广使用。     

盐酸莫西沙星片治疗慢性支气管炎细菌感染疗效分析

目的探讨口服盐酸莫西沙星片治疗慢性支气管炎细菌感染的临床疗效。方法选择2011年3月至2013年3月收治的120例慢性支气管炎细菌感染患者,运用随机分组法将其分为治疗组60例和对照组60例,治疗组患者采用口服莫西沙星片进行治疗,对照组患者采用口服克拉霉素片进行治疗,对两组患者的临床治疗效果进行回顾性分析。结果治疗组患者治愈36例,显效19例,治疗有效率为91．67％;对照组患者治愈31例,显效18例,治疗有效率为81．67％。两组治疗有效率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论门服莫两沙星治疗慢性支气管炎细菌感染,服用方便,临床疗效好,不良反应小,临床应用价值较高。     

观察莫西沙星短疗程治疗慢性支气管炎细菌感染急性发作(ABECB)的临床疗效

目的 探讨莫西沙星治疗慢性支气管炎发生急性细菌感染的效果.方法 将我卫生站2007年3月至2011年10月收治的慢性支气管炎细菌感染急性发作期患者66例随机分为两组,对照组患者给予常规治疗,实验组患者在对照组基础上给予莫西沙星治疗,比较两组患者的治疗效果.结果 实验组患者总有效率为96.97%(32/33),对照组患者总有效率为75.76%(25/33),两组患者比较,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义.结论 采用莫西沙星治疗慢性支气管炎细菌感染急性发作具有较好的临床效果,值得应用.     

观察莫西沙星短疗程治疗慢性支气管炎细菌感染急性发作的临床疗效

目的研究观察莫西沙星短疗程治疗慢性支气管炎细菌感染急性发作的临床疗效。方法选取我院收治的慢性支气管炎细菌感染急性发作患者66例,将其随机分为2组,治疗组33例,对照组33例。对照组所有患者给予慢性支气管炎细菌感染急性发作的常规对症治疗,治疗组所有患者在与对照组患者采取相同的治疗方法的基础上,另外给予莫西沙星的短疗程治疗。在治疗之后对比2组患者的治疗效果。结果经治疗之后,治疗组的总有效率以96.97%明显的高于对照组的75.76%,2组患者的比较,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论莫西沙星短疗程治疗慢性支气管炎细菌感染急性发作具有疗效确切、治疗时间较短、用药方便的良好临床效果,值得在临床上进行推广应用。     

莫西沙星与左氧氟沙星治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作的药物经济学分析

目的:探讨莫西沙星与左氧氟沙星治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作(AECB)的经济效果。方法:采用随机、开放、平行对照试验设计,选择AECB病例126例,其中可评价98例,莫西沙星组(治疗组)50例,予莫西沙星400 mg,qd,疗程10 d;左氧氟沙星组(对照组)48例,给左氧氟沙星400 mg,b id,疗程10 d。对两组疗效和不良反应,运用药物经济学成本-效果分析方法进行评价。结果:莫西沙星与左氧氟沙星治疗AECB的总有效率基本相同,分别为92.00%和87.5%(P>0.05);成本-效果比分别为3.59和0.81(P<0.01)。结论左氧氟沙星的治疗方案为AECB治疗的较佳方案。     

大蒜素雾化吸入辅助治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作患者的疗效观察

目的:探讨大蒜素注射液雾化吸入辅助治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作患者的效果与机制。方法:将116例慢性支气管炎患者随机分成治疗组64例和对照组52例,对照组运用西医常规治疗(抗感染,平喘及对症处理),治疗组在西医治疗基础上加用大蒜素注射液雾化吸入治疗。观察两组的治疗总有效率,并检测所有病例治疗前后氧分压、二氧化碳分压、血清TNF-α和IFN-γ含量(ELISA法检测)。结果:治疗组总有效率为93.75%,对照组总有效率为67.31%,两组疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗组优于对照组。两组的氧分压、二氧化碳分压及外周血TNF-α、IFN-γ含量比较均有统计学差异,治疗组优于对照组。结论:大蒜素注射液雾化吸入配合西医常规治疗可以有效改善慢性支气管炎患者急性发作期症状并缩短病程。     

Antibiotics in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis

The benefit of antimicrobial therapy for patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB) remains controversial for two main reasons. First, the distal airways of patients with chronic bronchitis are persistently colonised, even during clinically stable periods, with the same bacteria that have been associated with AECB. Second, bacterial infection is only one of several causes of AECB. These factors have led to conflicting analyses on the role of bacterial agents and the response to antimicrobial therapy of patients with AECB. An episode of AECB is said to be present when a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experiences some combination of increased dyspnoea, increased sputum volume, increased sputum purulence and worsening lung function. While the average COPD patient experiences 2 – 4 episodes of AECB per year, some patients, particularly those with more severe airway obstruction, are more susceptible to these attacks than others. Bacterial agents appear to be particularly associated with AECB in patients with low lung function and those with frequent episodes accompanied by purulent sputum. Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis account for up to 50% of episodes of AECB. Gram-negative bacilli are more likely to occur in patients with more severe lung disease. Antibiotics have been used to ameliorate AECB, to prevent AECB and to prevent the long-term loss of lung function that characterises COPD. Numerous prevention trials have been conducted with fairly consistent results; antibiotics do not lessen the number of episodes of AECB but do reduce the number of days lost from work. Most antibiotic trials have studied the impact of treatment on episodes of AECB and results have been inconsistent, largely due to patient selection and end point definition. In patients with severe airway obstruction, especially in the presence of purulent sputum, antibiotic therapy significantly shortens the duration of symptoms and can be cost-effective. Over the past 50 years, virtually all classes of antimicrobial agents have been studied in AECB. Important considerations include penetration into respiratory secretions, spectrum of activity and antimicrobial resistance. These factors limit the usefulness of drugs such as amoxicillin, erythromycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Extended-spectrum oral cephalosporins, newer macrolides and doxycycline have demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials. Amoxicillin-clavulanate and flouoroquinolones should generally be reserved for patients with more severe disease. A number of investigational agents, including ketolides and newer quinolones, hold promise for treatment of AECB.     

Early investigational antibiotics for the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis

Introduction: Acute exacerbations in patients with chronic bronchitis are a leading cause of hospitalizations and death. Bacteria contribute significantly to such exacerbations. The aim of this review was to explore the potential role of investigational antibiotics in the treatment of these episodes.

Areas covered: The available literature in PubMed database, in websites related to investigational drugs and in websites of the producing companies has been searched. The in vitro activity against pathogens involved in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and the pharmacokinetic profile of antibiotics currently under development were taken into consideration for inclusion in the review.

Expert opinion: Several novel antimicrobial agents have completed preclinical and Phase I studies and were well-tolerated. Further investigation is mandatory in order to evaluate their future in treatment of chronic bronchitis exacerbations and discover potential advantages compared to already approved antimicrobials.     

莫西沙星治疗慢性支气管炎细菌感染急性发作的临床疗效观察

目的：观察莫西沙星短疗程治疗慢性支气管炎细菌感染急性发作（ABECB）N临床疗效。方法：将74例ABF22B患者随机分为两组，治疗组用莫西沙星400mg，po．qd，治疗5d；对照组用克拉霉素500mg，Do．bid，治疗5d。观察临床指标、细菌学、临床疗效及安全性。结果：治疗组与对照组的有效率分别为91．9％和78．4％，细菌清除率为89．2％和75．7％，两组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论：莫西沙星在短疗程下治疗慢性支气管炎急性细菌加重的疗效显著，是一种广谱、安全的抗菌药物。     

黄芪注射液配合常规疗法治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作疗效观察

目的探讨黄芪注射液配合常规疗法治疗慢性支气管炎急性发作的疗效.方法将100 例慢性支气管炎急性发作的患者随机分成抗生素联用黄芪注射液组和非联用黄芪注射液组,两组均静脉滴注抗生素,并予解痉化痰、平喘、氧疗、合并心衰者予强心利尿,.联用黄芪注射液组在上述治疗的基础上联用黄芪注射液30～40 ml 加入5%葡萄糖注射液250 ml静脉滴注, 1次/ d ,10～14 d为一疗程.结果联用黄芪注射液组显效率为75 % ,非联用黄芪注射液组显效率为46.15 % ,差异有显著性(P<0.05).结论对于大多数慢性支气管炎急性发作期患者,抗生素治疗是必要和有效的,联用黄芪注射液能增强疗效.     

Efficacy and safety of HL301 in the treatment of acute bronchitis and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: a phase 2, randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter study

Purpose: The efficacy and safety of Chinese herbs for symptomatic treatment of bronchitis is not well established. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a combination product of seven herbs (HL301) for the treatment of acute bronchitis (AB) and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB) using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial design.

Methods: A total of 160 patients with AB or with AECB were randomized to receive placebo or one of three doses of HL301 (0.6?g/day, 1.2?g/day, or 1.8?g/day) for a total of 7 days. The primary study endpoint was the change in bronchitis severity score (BSS) from the baseline visit (visit 2) to the end of treatment visit (visit 3). Other efficacy variables were percentage BSS systemic sign efficacy after treatment and change in individual BSS parameters after treatment.

Findings: Changes in BSS from visit 2 to visit 3 in the three treatment groups (4.63?±?2.24, 4.08?±?1.63, and 4.15?±?1.74 in the HL301 0.6?g/day, 1.2?g/day, and 1.8?g/day groups, respectively) were higher than that of the placebo group (2.88?±?2.57) in the per protocol set (PPS) (P?P?Implications: Three different doses of HL301 (0.6?g/day, 1.2?g/day, and 1.8?g/day) were effective in decreasing the BSS index compared to placebo. HL301 may be effective for symptomatic treatment of both AB and AECB.

Limitations: Essential components of HL301 have not been delineated in the study and patients with AB and AECB were indiscriminately enrolled in the present study. Respective evaluation of the efficacy of HL301 for AB and AECB will be necessary in the future.     

生脉注射液治疗慢性阻塞性肺病急性加重期的临床疗效

目的:探讨生脉注射液治疗慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)急性加重期的临床疗效。方法:60例COPD患者随机分为两组,对照组(n=28)患者给予氧疗、抗炎、平喘、解痉、止咳化痰等常规治疗,试验组(n=32)在对照组治疗的基础上给予生脉注射液60mL 5%葡萄糖溶液(GS)或0.9%氯化钠溶液(NS)250mL中静脉滴注,qd,连用2周。结果:与对照组比较,治疗后试验组HR,RR,PaCO2均明显下降,白细胞、中性粒细胞明显降低,住院天数缩短,PaO2和SaO2明显上升。试验组与对照组总有效率分别为93·8%(30/32)和75·0%(21/28)(P<0·05)。结论:生脉注射液治疗COPD疗效确切。     

Erythromycin succinate in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis

Summary In 20 patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory tract infection the effectiveness of oral erythromicin succinate 3×500 mg daily has been tested. The duration of treatment was 10 days in all cases. The criteria of success, in addition to the clinical findings, were the results of bacteriological investigations and assessment of the appearance of the sputum. In all patients sputum and serum concentrations or erythromicin were determined. All pathogens isolated from the sputum of the patients were erythromicin-sensitive. One instance of development of resistance was observed. The drug was well tolerated.     

Treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis

Background: Controversies persist regarding the optimal management of patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (AECB). Objective: To evaluate the available evidence on relevant issues, namely the need for administering antimicrobials in patients with AECB, the identification of the subgroup of patients with AECB needing antibiotics, the antimicrobial regimen of choice and its optimal duration, the existence of new agents, and the value of non-antimicrobial regimens for AECB. Methods: Data from various sources of evidence, including recent relevant meta-analyses, were appraised. Conclusion: Administration of antimicrobial agents, combined with bronchodilators and systemic corticosteroids, is warranted in approximately half of AECBs (i.e., in bacterial exacerbations) to achieve a survival benefit. Simple clinical parameters, mainly sputum purulence, and biomarkers, such as procalcitonin, are useful in identifying patients requiring antibiotics. Advanced antibiotics (quinolones, macrolides, or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid) are more effective than ‘old’ antibiotics in AECB; regimens of short duration (for 5 days) are preferred. There is no difference between several classes of advanced antibiotics regarding their short-term effectiveness; however, quinolones are associated with better long-term outcomes than macrolides. Newer quinolones and new formulations of macrolides enrich clinicians' armamentarium against AECB.