护理干预对肺癌吸烟患者戒烟的影响

目的探讨护理干预对肺癌吸烟患者戒烟效果的影响。方法将65例肺癌吸烟患者按入院先后顺序分为干预组(33例)和对照组(32例),对照组患者住院期间给予常规健康教育,干预组在此基础上制订有针对性的戒烟教育计划,并进行戒烟药物干预,出院后每周随访1次,通过电话随访进行为期6个月的戒烟干预。结果干预3个月、6个月后干预组患者的戒烟率均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论持续的护理干预能提高肺癌吸烟患者的戒烟效果,降低复吸率。     

出院后护理干预对患者戒烟率的影响

目的探讨出院后护理干预对患者戒烟率的影响。方法164例呼吸系统疾病患者在住院期间戒烟后,出院时随机分为护理干预组和非干预组,干预组在出院后继续实施心理、生活、饮食、运动等护理干预,非干预组不进行出院后护理干预,统计1年后两组戒烟率。结果1年后干预组82例中失访3例,戒烟63例,戒烟率80%;非干预组失访5例,戒烟29例,戒烟率38%,干预组戒烟率明显高于非干预组(2χ=26.83,P<0.001)。结论对出院后的患者继续进行护理干预,能有效降低其出院后香烟的复吸率。     

“5A”护理干预法对男性慢性支气管炎患者戒烟效果的影响

目的探讨"5A"护理干预法对男性慢性支气管炎患者戒烟成功率的影响。方法采用目的抽样法选取2013年4月至2014年6月因慢性支气管炎在四川大学华西医院呼吸内科住院的男性吸烟患者112例,根据入院时间分为两组。研究组采用"5A"护理干预法进行戒烟指导,对照组采用常规干预法进行戒烟指导,比较两组患者的戒烟成功率。结果研究组患者近期戒烟成功率和远期戒烟成功率分别为76.79%和46.43%,明显高于对照组的42.86%和14.29%,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论 "5A"护理干预法可显著提高男性慢性支气管炎患者的戒烟效果。     

护理干预对腰椎穿刺术患者依从性的影响

目的 提高腰椎穿刺患者的依从性.方法 对58例腰椎穿刺术患者实施认知、心理、行为等护理干预措施.结果 干预后患者的依从性明显高于干预前.结论 护理干预措施可有效提高腰椎穿刺患者的依从性,有利于腰椎穿刺检查的顺利进行.     

中医综合护理对腰椎手术患者快速康复的干预效果

探讨中医综合护理在腰椎手术患者快速康复中的应用效果。选择收治的腰椎退行性疾病患者90例作为研究对象,随机分组为观察组与对照组各45例,对照组采用常规护理,观察组应用中医综合护理方案,对比两组术前术后VAS评分、护理满意度。观察组术后VAS评分较术前的(6.2±0.8)分明显下降;与对照组比,观察组术后VAS评分明显更低,差异具有统计学的意义(P0.05);观察组护理满意度明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。中医综合护理对腰椎手术患者快速康复具有理想的效果,值得广泛应用。     

护理干预对PCI术后病人戒烟的影响

[目的]探讨护理干预对经皮冠状动脉介入（PCI）术后病人戒烟的影响。[方法]将60例长期吸烟的PCI术后病人随机分为对照组和观察组,每组30例,对照组进行常规护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上进行护理干预。出院后2周、1个月、3个月、6个月进行随访干预。[结果]观察组完全戒断17例,吸烟每天〈5支11例;对照组3例完全戒断,吸烟每天〈5支5例,无明显改变22例;观察组30例病人在护理干预后知晓吸烟危害心血管系统,均想戒烟及在公共场合放弃吸烟。[结论]护理干预可协助PCI术后病人戒烟,应加强健康教育,提高病人对疾病的认识,养成良好的生活习惯。     

5A护理干预法对男性慢性支气管炎病人戒烟的效果观察

[目的]观察5A护理干预法对男性慢性支气管炎病人戒烟的效果。[方法]将住院吸烟的112例男性慢性支气管炎病人分为两组,对照组56例采用常规干预法进行戒烟指导,观察组56例采用5A护理干预法行戒烟指导,3个月后进行效果评定。[结果]观察组病人近期戒烟率和远期戒烟率均高于对照组,复吸率低于对照组(P0.05)。[结论]5A护理干预法可提高男性慢性支气管炎病人的戒烟效果,效果优于常规干预法进行戒烟指导。     

护理干预对心胸外科手术患者康复效果的影响

目的：研究护理干预对心胸外科手术患者康复效果的作用。方法选择2011年11月至2012年12月河南大学淮河医院心胸外科收治的患者120例,随机将其分成对照组与试验组,各60例。对照组患者采用常规护理,试验组患者在对照组护理基础上结合护理干预,观察两组患者的治疗效果。结果试验组患者在呼吸功能、并发症等方面明显优于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论在心胸外科手术中采用护理干预效果明显,能有效改善患者呼吸功能,降低并发症的发生率,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

早期护理干预对胸腰椎术后胃肠功能紊乱的影响

目的 探讨早期护理干预对防止胸腰椎术后胃肠功能紊乱的影响.方法 将80例胸腰椎手术患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组40例.对观察组在围手术期内从心理、饮食、锻炼方法进行综合早期护理干预,对照组给予常规围手术期护理.分别对两组病例术后的排便时间、出现相关并发症进行观察与比较.结果 观察组术后自主排便时间明显早于对照组,并发症较对照组明显减少,差异有显著性(P<0.05).结论 早期护理干预可有效减少胸腰椎术后患者胃肠功能紊乱的发生.     

护理干预对腹部手术患者术后镇痛效果的影响

目的探讨综合护理干预对腹部手术患者术后镇痛效果的影响。方法将120例择期腹部手术患者随机分为干预组和对照组各60例，对照组进行常规镇痛治疗和护理，干预组在此基础上进行综合护理干预，采用数字评分法（NRS）进行疼痛程度的评估，同时观察2组患者睡眠和心率的变化。结果干预组患者术后NRS评分、睡眠和心率均优于同期对照组，其差异有统计学意义。结论综合护理干预可提高术后镇痛治疗效果，有效缓解腹部手术患者术后疼痛，提高患者舒适度，促进患者康宝．     

个体化戒烟方案对肺癌患者术前吸烟状态的影响

目的 探讨个体化戒烟方案对肺癌患者术前吸烟状态的影响.方法 将2020年6-12月首次拟人院行肺癌手术治疗的未戒烟患者196例作为研究对象,按随机数字表法随机分为对照组和观察组各98例.对照组给予术前常规戒烟指导;观察组根据烟草依赖程度采用个体化戒烟方案全程干预其吸烟行为.分别记录2组患者术前完全戒烟时间、烟草依赖程度...     

5步式叙事护理干预在经皮冠状动脉介入术后病人戒烟护理中的应用

[目的]观察5步式叙事护理干预在经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后病人戒烟护理中的应用效果。[方法]将接受PCI治疗的120例病人随机分为对照组与观察组各60例,对照组接受常规护理,观察组在常规护理的基础上接受5步式叙事护理法干预,对两组干预后各相关观察指标进行比较。[结果]观察组病人干预后吸烟有利决策评分和尼古丁依赖程度评分均显著低于对照组,而吸烟有弊评分和戒烟成功率(近期与中期)均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。[结论]采用5步式叙事护理干预对PCI术后病人实施戒烟护理,能促使其做出戒烟决策,降低尼古丁依赖程度,提高戒烟成功率。     

戒烟干预对慢性气道疾病发病和预后的影响

目的：观察戒烟干预对慢性气道疾病发病和预后的影响。方法将145例吸烟的慢性气道疾病住院患者（包括COPD、哮喘、间质性肺疾病等）按照区组随机化法分为两组,干预组75例,非干预组70例。干预组除常规治疗外,采用5 A/5 R法进行戒烟干预,出院后继续给予戒烟支持;非干预组仅进行常规治疗,两组患者通过复诊或随访12个月,统计观察期内急性加重次数,并在入院时和观察期结束时进行COPD评估测试（CAT）及肺功能（FEV1％）检查。结果干预组患者的CAT终末值为（17．72±6．76）分,较初始值（19．08±6．53）分明显下降,差异有统计学意义（t＝-2．399,P＜0．05）,FEV1％终末值为（59．19±11．19）,较初始值（57．10±10．06）明显增大,差异有统计学意义（t＝2．192,P＜0．05）。非干预组患者的CAT终末值为（20．01±7．22）分,较初始值（18．79±6．12）分增大,差异有统计学意义（t＝2．764,P＜0．05）,FEV1％终末值为（54．56±10．56）,较初始值（59．06±9．89）降低,差异有统计学意义（t＝-3．038,P＜0．05）。结论戒烟干预可减轻慢性气道疾病患者的症状,延缓肺功能的下降,提高生活质量。     

Multicomponent individualized smoking cessation intervention for patients with lung disease

AIMS: This paper reports a study examining the process and outcomes of a long-term, multicomponent smoking cessation intervention for patients with lung disease initiated while hospitalized and provided over 1-year postdischarge. BACKGROUND: Successful smoking cessation interventions are of primary importance for people with lung disease. Initiation of such an intervention in hospital settings is particularly important as patients may be especially motivated to quit as a result of strong perceptions of vulnerability while hospitalized for a smoking-related disease. Tailoring the intervention to each person's needs is a promising approach to practice. METHODS: All patients who smoked and were admitted to a pulmonary unit over 2 years were invited to participate in this quasi-experimental study (n = 85), and 69 continued beyond the first month. The intervention was shaped by the TransTheoretical Model and used nicotine replacement therapy, along with individual and group counselling and support grounded in the nurse-patient relationship. The intervention was provided during hospitalization and by telephone after discharge at 1 week, and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. RESULTS: At 12-months postdischarge, 39% of the patients reported continuous abstinence from smoking from the time they joined the programme and 52% were not smoking at that time. No relationship was found between abstinence and the number of quit attempts, readiness to quit, nicotine dependency and length of hospital stay. Readiness to quit had increased and nicotine dependency decreased significantly by the end of the programme. No gender differences were found for the main variables. CONCLUSIONS: Comprehensive, individualized smoking cessation interventions for hospitalized patients having lung disease, with a 1-year follow-up, was successful. Abstinence was high in comparison with other studies. This may in part be explained by significantly enhanced motivation to quit during the smoking cessation programme.     

腰椎术后患者疼痛管理智能化方案的制订及应用

目的 制订腰椎术后患者疼痛管理智能化方案并探讨其实施效果。方法 采用非同期对照研究,便利选取郑州市某三级甲等综合医院脊柱病区腰椎术后患者,其中2018年5月—2019年2月115例为试验组,成立多学科协作团队,依托骨科远程辅助诊断智能机器人及自控镇痛电子泵,实施疼痛管理智能化方案;2017年12月—2018年3月120为对照组,实施常规疼痛管理。比较两组疼痛管理及康复的相关指标。 结果 试验组护士疼痛评估时间、患者疼痛控制时间及平均住院日短于对照组,患者术后最严重疼痛程度低于对照组,患者镇痛满意度优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。 结论 腰椎术后患者疼痛管理智能化可提高疼痛管理的效率,改善患者疼痛结局,缩短患者平均住院日。     

The effectiveness of nicotine-patch therapy for smoking cessation in patients with schizophrenia

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of nicotine-patch therapy for smoking cessation in patients with schizophrenia. This was a longitudinal study and sixty-eight schizophrenic patients were assigned to 8 weeks of a nicotine-patch therapy program or a control group. The generalized estimating equation analysis revealed that there were significant reductions in the subjects' nicotine dependence (Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire), the number of cigarettes per day, and CO levels over an 8-week period of nicotine-patch therapy and 3-month follow-up. The point-prevalence rates of abstinence from smoking were an abstinence of 26.9% at 8 weeks and 26.9% at a 3-month follow-up. At the 3-month follow-up, the rate of continuous smoking abstinence in the nicotine-patch group was 23.1%.     

护理干预在儿童白血病鞘内注射治疗中的应用

目的 探讨护理干预在儿童白血病鞘内注射中的应用效果。方法 收集2008年8月至2010年11月收治的30例儿童急性白血病147次鞘内注射的临床资料。随机分为干预组（75例次）和对照组（72例次）。对照组按鞘内注射常规护理,干预组在操作前、中、后予护理干预。结果干预组患儿依从率为81．3％,对照组患儿依从率为43．1％,两组比较差异有统计学意义（X2=22．97,P〈0．01）,两组穿刺成功率比较差异也有统计学意义（90．7％比68．1％,X2=11．56,P〈0．01）;两组患儿对穿刺时疼痛反应情况及腰背痛、下肢疼痛麻木发生情况比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;术后胃肠反应如恶心、呕吐比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论护理干预能减轻患儿对穿刺时疼痛的反应,减少鞘内注射副作用,提高白血病患儿对鞘内注射的依从性,提高穿刺成功率。     

护理干预在早期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者戒烟中的应用效果

目的探讨护理干预在早期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者戒烟中的作用与效果。方法将早期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者分为实验组102例和对照组110例。对照组给予常规健康教育,实验组给予多种形式的护理干预。比较两组患者的吸烟知识知晓率及吸烟行为。结果实验组患者吸烟知识知晓率高于对照组(P0.01),吸烟行为优于对照组(P0.01)。结论护理干预对提高早期慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者吸烟知识知晓率,降低吸烟率、戒烟后复吸率有重要作用。     

A systems change intervention for nurse-led smoking cessation care in hospitals

AimThe aim of this study was to determine the feasibility and acceptability of a systems change intervention on nurses’ inpatient management of tobacco dependence.MethodsA mixed methods study involving an uncontrolled pre and post study design and qualitative methods. The systems change intervention consisted of: tobacco use questions within the routine nursing care admission assessment forms; provision of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) as a ‘nurse-initiated’ medication; and nurse education. A medical record audit was conducted 4 months before and 1 month after implementation to assess recording of: smoking status, offer of NRT and referral to a telephone tobacco cessation counselling service ‘Quitline’. Focus groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted to ascertain acceptability of the systems change intervention. Chi square analysis compared identification of inpatients’ who smoke and offer of NRT pre and post implementation. Constant comparative analysis was used to analyse qualitative data.FindingsNurse recording of inpatient smoking status (83% to 90%) did not significantly improve. However offer of nurse-initiated NRT significantly increased from 0% to 34% (p = 0.02). Acceptance of NRT increased from 50% to 64% (p = 0.055) and offer of referral to Quitline increased (0% to 4%) but increases were not significantly different. Three themes emerged from the qualitative data: Education for the nurses, nurse leadership and therapeutic alliance.ConclusionThe study results show promise as our intervention increased nurses’ offer of NRT for inpatients’ who smoked. New approaches need to be developed to support patients who do not want to or are not ready to quit.