新冠肺炎疫情下网络心理危机干预模式在一线医护人员中的建构

本研究目的是探讨网络心理危机干预的平衡模式、认知模式、心理社会转变模式在新冠肺炎(COVID-19)疫情防控一线医护人员中的应用价值和具体实施方法,以期减轻一线医护人员的心理应激反应,提高其心理健康水平,使其积极投入到临床工作中。     

成都市社区精神疾病防治人员对技术指导的需求调查

目的调查成都市社区精神疾病防治人员(以下简称精防人员)对技术指导的需求状况。方法根据卫生部制定的技术指导提纲自拟《技术指导需求调查表》,调查来自成都市266个社区卫生服务中心和乡镇卫生院的精神疾病防治人员对技术指导的需求。结果精防人员对9项备选技术指导需求中选择需要的项数为(5.59±2.259)项,有171名(70.4%)精防人员选择了"精神症状识别";170名(70%)选择了"药物基本知识掌握";151名(62.1%)选择了"危险行为评估"。结论成都市社区精防人员对技术指导的需求排在前三位的分别是精神症状识别、药物基本知识掌握及危险行为评估。     

心理卫生工作者参与新型冠状病毒肺炎抗疫情况调查

目的了解2020年春新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)抗疫期间心理卫生工作者参与心理危机干预情况,为以后突发公共卫生事件的心理危机干预提供参考。方法采用方便取样的方法,对心理卫生工作者运用一般资料问卷、心理健康问卷及抗疫参与情况问卷进行网络调查。结果共收集到有效问卷427份,其中有192人(44.96%)参与心理危机热线咨询工作,通过危机热线和其他形式参与抗疫者共有212人(49.65%)。结论在新型冠状病毒肺炎抗疫期间,虽然疫情隔离了物理空间,但还是有49.65%的心理卫生工作者发挥专长,充分利用热线、网络或其他形式参与到心理危机干预之中。     

新冠肺炎疫情期间睡眠与情绪现状及影响因素研究

目的调查新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情防控期间大众的情绪状态、睡眠质量、生活习惯及疫情关注情况及原因。方法使用疫情期间睡眠心理状况调查问卷,对1046例受试者进行网络问卷调查,对四个分量表数据行t检验、方差分析、pearson相关分析及多重线性回归分析。结果焦虑、抑郁情绪普遍存在,睡眠质量、生活习惯、抑郁情绪及焦虑情绪存在两两显著相关性(P 0. 01),多重回归分析提示疫情期间生活习惯可以正向预测睡眠质量,睡眠质量可以预测焦虑情绪及抑郁情绪。结论疫情期间个体应注意心理应激识别与防护,以提高疫情期间的心理健康水平。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间一线医护人员心理健康状况调查

目的 调查新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情期间抗疫一线医护人员的心理健康状况,为对其进行有针对性的心理干预、改善心理健康状况提供参考。方法 纳入2021年10月-12月在甘肃省兰州市重粒子医院工作的162名一线医护人员为研究对象。采用自编一般资料调查表、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)进行评定。结果 共144名医护人员完成有效问卷调查,检出存在焦虑和抑郁情绪者分别有17人(11.81%)、19人(13.19%)。不同抗疫工作时长的医护人员焦虑检出率差异有统计学意义(χ²=10.602,P<0.01);不同职业、是否有抑郁家族史以及不同抗疫工作时长的医护人员抑郁检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ²=5.486、4.039、7.526,P均<0.05)。结论 COVID-19疫情期间,一线医护人员存在不同程度的焦虑和抑郁情绪,抗疫工作时间长者焦虑检出率更高,医生、有抑郁家族史以及抗疫工作时间长者抑郁检出率更高。     

"三防"符号对精神病人心理影响调查分析

目的 探讨精神科传统"三防"符号对住院康复期精神病人的心理影响.方法 自拟"三防" 符号问卷,对我院住院治疗已达恢复期的90例病人进行调查.结果 大部分病人看到"三防"符号后产生不同程度的紧张、焦虑,不利于病人身心健康.结论 "三防"符号使病人产生焦虑、紧张应引起精神科医护人员的关注.     

COVID-19疫情早期武汉、黄冈、昆明、玉溪四地居民心理健康状况调查

目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)流行期间武汉、黄冈、昆明、玉溪四地居民心理健康状况,了解疫情爆发对人们心理健康的影响,为心理干预提供理论依据。方法通过网络,使用一般资料问卷、GAD-7、PHQ-9量表对武汉、黄冈、昆明、玉溪四地共936人进行问卷调查。结果①COVID-19疫情早期武汉、黄冈、昆明、玉溪四地居民焦虑状态检出率分别为32.4%、23.6%、30.8%、22.0%,抑郁状态检出率分别为31.5%、22.8%、30.8%、22.8%,明显高于全国常模;②武汉、昆明两个省会城市居民的焦虑、抑郁状态检出率相似,均显著高于同省周边地州。结论COVID-19疫情引发了居民的心理健康问题,尽早提供心理危机干预是必要的。     

绵阳地区领导干部心理健康状况调查

目的了解绵阳地区领导干部心理健康状况。方法采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)及自制的绵阳地区领导干部心理需求开放式问卷,对绵阳市2016年参加市委党校培训递进班和主体班的360名领导干部的焦虑、抑郁情况以及心理需求进行调查。结果根据SAS和SDS总评分评定为轻度焦虑和轻度抑郁的分别为126人(35.00%)和67人(18.61%)。SAS总评分69分有28人(7.78%),SDS总评分72分有46人(12.78%),其中重度抑郁合并重度焦虑26人(7.22%)。40岁以上和40岁以下的中重度抑郁症状者分别为116人(36.71%)和14人(31.82%),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 40岁以上领导干部存在中重抑郁症状的比例高于其他年龄组。     

精神科与综合科医护人员心理健康水平状况调查

目的了解医疗机构医护人员心理健康状况,以及精神科与综合科医护人员之间心理健康水平有无差异。方法采用SCL-90症状自评量表及一般情况问卷,对我院及社区卫生服务中心在职医护人员共115人进行调查。结果受调查医护人员总体心理健康水平优于中国常模（P〈0.05）,社区卫生服务中心心理健康水平优于精神卫生中心（P〈0.05）。受调查医护人员24.35%存在不同程度的心理问题,不同工作年限之间有显著差异（P〈0.05）。结论医护人员的心理健康状况良好,可能与医护人员医学心理学知识的掌握与应用,处理心理压力源的效度提高有关。而精神科医护人员由于服务对象的特殊性及社会对精神科服务价值的低认可,导致心理压力过大,总体心理健康水平低于综合科。     

社区心理障碍患者及其家属需求的调查

上海市徐汇区永嘉街道共有6万余居民,其中精神病患者475人。在区精防协调小组领导下,由街道办事处、派出所、地段医院联合组成街道精神病防治管理领导小组,具体负责本街道精神病人的防治工作。通过居委会精神病管理小组、精神病人看护网、精神病人工疗站,将精防工作落实到基层。永加街道的精防工作在全市143个街道之中名列前茅。据1991年调查,在475名精神病人中,有167人(占35%)属病情基本稳定,有些能参加工作。这些病人的家属不太愿意参加地     

COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: Systematic review of the current evidence

BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic general medical complications have received the most attention, whereas only few studies address the potential direct effect on mental health of SARS-CoV-2 and the neurotropic potential. Furthermore, the indirect effects of the pandemic on general mental health are of increasing concern, particularly since the SARS-CoV-1 epidemic (2002–2003) was associated with psychiatric complications.MethodsWe systematically searched the database Pubmed including studies measuring psychiatric symptoms or morbidities associated with COVID-19 among infected patients and among none infected groups the latter divided in psychiatric patients, health care workers and non-health care workers.ResultsA total of 43 studies were included. Out of these, only two studies evaluated patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection, whereas 41 evaluated the indirect effect of the pandemic (2 on patients with preexisting psychiatric disorders, 20 on medical health care workers, and 19 on the general public). 18 of the studies were case-control studies/compared to norm, while 25 of the studies had no control groups. The two studies investigating COVID-19 patients found a high level of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) (96.2%) and significantly higher level of depressive symptoms (p = 0.016). Patients with preexisting psychiatric disorders reported worsening of psychiatric symptoms. Studies investigating health care workers found increased depression/depressive symptoms, anxiety, psychological distress and poor sleep quality. Studies of the general public revealed lower psychological well-being and higher scores of anxiety and depression compared to before COVID-19, while no difference when comparing these symptoms in the initial phase of the outbreak to four weeks later. A variety of factors were associated with higher risk of psychiatric symptoms and/or low psychological well-being including female gender, poor-self-related health and relatives with COVID-19.ConclusionResearch evaluating the direct neuropsychiatric consequences and the indirect effects on mental health is highly needed to improve treatment, mental health care planning and for preventive measures during potential subsequent pandemics.     

Impact on mental health and perceptions of psychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak: A cross-sectional study

The severe 2019 outbreak of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which was first reported in Wuhan, would be expected to impact the mental health of local medical and nursing staff and thus lead them to seek help. However, those outcomes have yet to be established using epidemiological data. To explore the mental health status of medical and nursing staff and the efficacy, or lack thereof, of critically connecting psychological needs to receiving psychological care, we conducted a quantitative study. This is the first paper on the mental health of medical and nursing staff in Wuhan. Notably, among 994 medical and nursing staff working in Wuhan, 36.9% had subthreshold mental health disturbances (mean PHQ-9: 2.4), 34.4% had mild disturbances (mean PHQ-9: 5.4), 22.4% had moderate disturbances (mean PHQ-9: 9.0), and 6.2% had severe disturbance (mean PHQ-9: 15.1) in the immediate wake of the viral epidemic. The noted burden fell particularly heavily on young women. Of all participants, 36.3% had accessed psychological materials (such as books on mental health), 50.4% had accessed psychological resources available through media (such as online push messages on mental health self-help coping methods), and 17.5% had participated in counseling or psychotherapy. Trends in levels of psychological distress and factors such as exposure to infected people and psychological assistance were identified. Although staff accessed limited mental healthcare services, distressed staff nonetheless saw these services as important resources to alleviate acute mental health disturbances and improve their physical health perceptions. These findings emphasize the importance of being prepared to support frontline workers through mental health interventions at times of widespread crisis.     

心理卫生工作者参与新冠肺炎疫情现场心理危机干预意愿的质性研究

目的探讨心理卫生工作者参与新冠肺炎疫情现场心理危机干预的意愿,了解其真实感受,提高心理卫生工作者进行疫情心理干预的积极性。方法运用质性研究中现象学分析法,根据半结构式访谈提纲对绵阳市某三级甲等医院的10名心理卫生工作者进行面对面的深度访谈,运用Colaizzi分析法对资料进行整理分析。结果心理卫生工作者参与新冠肺炎疫情现场心理危机干预意愿的主题包括愿意参加危机干预的因素和阻碍参加危机干预的因素。愿意参加疫情心理危机干预的因素可归纳为:具备自我心理调节能力和对他人进行心理干预的专业能力、心理危机干预是专业职责、希望有亲身经历现场危机干预的经验;阻碍因素包括缺少疫情相关的知识和能力、家庭原因及心理恐惧。结论心理卫生工作者参加疫情心理危机干预意愿较高,但需要有针对性地开展疫情防治知识及技能培训、心理督导及建立保障体系。     

Sleep quality and mental health in the context of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown in Morocco

BackgroundThe lockdown of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) is associated with several stressful factors that can negatively affect peoples' sleep quality and mental health. Objectives: We conducted this study to evaluate sleep disorders and psychological impact associated with the spread of the COVID-19 and the lockdown on the Moroccan population. We also aimed to study the effects of respondents' beliefs and attitudes about sleep on sleep disorders, anxiety-related symptoms, and depressive symptoms.Material and MethodsWe used a questionnaire enclosing respondents' sociodemographic information, five psychological and behavioral tests including Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep (DBAS-16), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) test.ResultsOur results highlighted widespread false beliefs about sleep and the prevalence of sleep disorders, anxiety, and depression-related symptoms within the Moroccan population. Nearly 82.3% of respondents revealed false beliefs about sleep. Furthermore, we confirmed a strong positive correlation between knowledge and attitudes about sleep and the prevalence of sleep disorders, anxiety, and depression-related symptoms. However, we found no significant difference in the prevalence of sleep and psychological disorders, between healthcare workers and other professions workers.ConclusionOur study revealed a high prevalence of sleep disorders, anxiety, and depressive symptoms in the Moroccan population during the COVID-19 lockdown period. Moreover, false beliefs on sleep understanding were prevalent and were presenting a risk factor leading to sleep disorders, anxiety, and depressive symptoms.     

Sleep health early in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in the United States: integrating longitudinal,cross-sectional,and retrospective recall data

BackgroundThe outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused substantial changes in lifestyle, responsibilities, and stressors. Such dramatic societal changes might cause overall sleep health to decrease (stress view), to remain unchanged (resilience view), or even to improve (reduced work/schedule burden view).MethodsWe addressed this question using longitudinal, cross-sectional, and retrospective recall methodologies in 699 American adult participants in late March 2020, two weeks following the enactment of social distancing and shelter-in-place policies in the United States.ResultsRelative to baseline data from mid February 2020, cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses demonstrated that average sleep quality was unchanged, or even improved, early in the pandemic. However, there were clear individual differences: approximately 25% of participants reported that their sleep quality had worsened, which was explained by stress vulnerability, caregiving, adverse life impact, shift work, and presence of COVID-19 symptoms.ConclusionsTherefore, the COVID-19 pandemic has detrimentally impacted some individuals' sleep health while paradoxically benefited other individuals’ sleep health by reducing rigid work/school schedules such as early morning commitments.     

Mental health status of medical staff in emergency departments during the Coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic in China

BackgroundThe emergency department is considered to be a high-risk area, as it is often the first stop for febrile patients who are subsequently diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019. This study, which employed a cross-sectional design, aimed to assess the mental health of emergency department medical staff during the epidemic in China.MethodsDemographic data and mental health measurements were collected by electronic questionnaires from February 28, 2020 to March 18, 2020.OutcomesA total of 14,825 doctors and nurses in 31 provinces of mainland China completed the survey. The prevalence rates of depressive symptoms and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were 25.2% and 9.1%, respectively. Men were more likely to have depressive symptoms and PTSD than women. Those who were middle aged, worked for fewer years, had longer daily work time, and had lower levels of social support were at a higher risk of developing depressive symptoms and PTSD. Working in the Hubei province was associated with a higher risk of depressive symptoms, while those working in the Hubei province but residing in another province had a lower risk of depressive symptoms and PTSD. Being a nurse was associated with a higher risk of PTSD.InterpretationThe findings suggest that targeted psychological interventions to promote the mental health of medical staff with psychological problems need to be immediately implemented. Special attention should be paid to local medical staff in Hubei.     

Covid-19 and changes in sleep health in the Blackfeet Community

We examined changes in psychological outcomes related to the COVID-19 pandemic (ie psychological stress, perceived control, and perceived ability to cope) and changes in sleep health in the American Indian Blackfeet community over 4 months (August 24, 2020–November 30, 2020). American Indian adults residing on the Blackfeet reservation (n = 167) completed measures of perceived control over contracting COVID-19, perceived ability to cope with pandemic stressors, psychological stress linked to the pandemic, and a measure of sleep health each month. Linear-effects mixed models were used to examine changes in our outcomes. Community members who reported more control over contracting the virus had better sleep health relative to those who reported less control (B = 0.72, SE = 0.29, p = 0.015). Further, during months when individuals felt they had more control over contracting the virus compared to their average perceived control levels, they had better sleep health relative to their own average (B = 1.06, SE = 0.13, p < 0.001). Average sleep health was the lowest in October, 2020, the month during which COVID-19 incidence was at its highest on the reservation. Declines in sleep health linked to low levels of control over contracting COVID-19 may exacerbate high incidence of chronic mental and physical health conditions in tribal communities. Interventions which highlight strategies known to reduce risk of contracting the virus, may increase perceived control and sleep health, and thus may improve downstream health outcomes for this at-risk population.     

Investigation on sleep and mental health of patients with Parkinson's disease during the Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic

BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is adversely affecting sleep quality and mental health, especially in individuals with chronic disease such as Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodsWe conducted a quantitative study, which included 119 Chinese PD patients who had been treated in an outpatient neurology clinic in Wuhan and 169 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The questionnaire survey focused on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep, mental status, symptoms, and daily life and medical treatment of PD patients.ResultsCompared to healthy controls, PD patients had significantly higher scores in both the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (8.13 vs 5.36, p < 0.001) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) -Depression (4.89 vs 3.82, p = 0.022), as well as a higher prevalence of sleep disturbances with PSQI > 5 points (68.9% vs 44.4%, p < 0.001). Sleep disturbance was identified in 68.9% of PD patients. A logistic regression analysis showed that sleep disturbance of PD patients was independently associated with exacerbation of PD symptoms (OR = 3.616, 95%CI= (1.479, 8.844), p = 0.005) and anxiety (OR = 1.379, 95%CI= (1.157, 1.642), p < 0.001). Compared to male PD patients, female ones had higher PSQI scores (9.28 ± 4.41 vs 7.03 ± 4.01, p = 0.009) and anxiety (32.8% vs 0.1%, p = 0.002) and depression prevalence (34.5% vs 11.5%, p = 0.003).ConclusionThe findings of the present study emphasize the importance of mental and sleep health interventions in PD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additional attention should be paid to the difficulty encountered by PD patients in seeking medical treatment.     

Psychological correlates of poor sleep quality among U.S. young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic

ObjectiveUncertainty due to the COVID-19 pandemic may result in problematic sleep that can lead to negative effects on overall health. This unprecedented and stressful time can be even more detrimental for young adults with pre-existing mental health conditions. The purpose of this study is to investigate potential risk factors (i.e., current mental health symptoms, and COVID-19-related grief and worry) on sleep quality of U.S. young adults during the initial months of the global pandemic.MethodThis cross-sectional study examined 908 young adults in the weeks following the declaration of the coronavirus pandemic as a national emergency by the United States. A series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses examined depression, anxiety, and PTSD, as well as COVID-19-related grief and worry as predictors of young adults’ sleep quality.ResultsYoung adults experienced high rates of sleep problems during the first two months (April to May 2020) of the pandemic. Depressive and anxiety symptoms appear to be predictors of sleep quality regardless of any pre-existing diagnosis. Furthermore, high levels of PTSD symptoms and COVID-19-related worry were associated with young adults’ poor sleep.ConclusionsOur findings point to possible psychological factors that uniquely explain young adults’ poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S. This study shed new light on how the COVID-19 pandemic might affect the sleep behaviors of young adults without a pre-existing mental health diagnosis. Implications for supporting young adults sleep and well-being during the pandemic are addressed.