颅内破裂动脉瘤再出血的危险因素分析

目的分析颅内破裂动脉瘤再出血的发生率、发生时间和再出血的危险因素。方法对我院538例动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aSAH)患者的临床数据进行回顾性分析,所有临床变量进行单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析,以确定再出血的危险因素。结果动脉瘤未处理之前再出血98例(18.3%),其中44例(44.9%)发生在发病初期的6h内,18例(18.3%)发生在第2周,36例(36.8%)发生在14d内。单因素分析表明,再出血患者与未再出血患者在动脉瘤的位置、动脉瘤的大小、动脉瘤形状、动脉收缩压、Hunt-Hess分级等方面均有显著性差异。结论蛛网膜下腔出血患者发病初期的6h内是再出血的高峰期,收缩压高于160mmHg、动脉瘤的形状不规则、动脉瘤>10mm且≤15mm、Hunt-Hess分级级别高是动脉瘤再出血的独立危险因素。     

颅内破裂动脉瘤术前再破裂的危险因素

目的探讨颅内破裂动脉瘤术前再次破裂出血的危险因素。方法回顾性分析2017年1月1日至2020年12月31日收治的873例颅内破裂动脉瘤的临床资料。采用多因素logistic回归分析方法分析术前再次破裂的危险因素。结果 873例中,术前动脉瘤再次破裂出血72例(8.25%),术前未破裂出血801例(91.75%)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示:发病到入院时间>6 h(OR=7.338;95%CI 4.356～13.320;P<0.001)、动脉瘤最大径>10 mm(OR=2.476;95%CI 1.211～5.060;P=0.013)、入院收缩压≥160 mmHg(OR=3.058;95%CI 1.781～5.249;P<0.001)是颅内破裂动脉瘤术前再次破裂的独立危险因素。结论对于颅内破裂动脉瘤病人,如果发病至入院时间长、动脉瘤较大、术前血压控制不理想,应尽早治疗动脉瘤,可减少再破裂率。     

颅内动脉瘤破裂危险因素分析

目的探讨颅内动脉瘤破裂的危险因素。方法回顾分析2011年1月~2016年1月在我院确诊为颅内动脉瘤的373例患者的病历资料,根据动脉瘤破裂与否将研究对象分为破裂组(n=343)和未破裂组(n=30),对两组患者的临床资料及动脉瘤相关特征资料进行搜集,并进行单因素分析筛选,然后行Logistic回归分析。结果(1)经χ2分析及t检验示年龄、吸烟、饮酒、动脉瘤直径、动脉瘤部位等比较结果具有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)经logistic回归分析示颅内动脉瘤发生破裂的相关危险因素有青年(OR=1.437,95%CI=0.542~3.813)、老年(OR=1.083,95%CI=0.619~1.895)、中等动脉瘤(OR=1.764,95%CI=0.611~5.096)、前交通动脉瘤(OR=2.839,95%CI=1.238~6.509)、后交通动脉瘤(OR=1.102,95%CI=0.624~1.944)、高血压(OR=1.04895%CI=0.585~1.877)、饮酒史(OR=1.286,95%CI=0.503~3.290)。结论青年、老年、高血压、饮酒史、中等动脉瘤、前交通动脉瘤、后交通动脉瘤是颅内动脉瘤破裂的相关危险因素。     

颅内动脉瘤破裂危险因素调查分析

目的调查分析导致颅内动脉瘤破裂的危险因素。方法颅内动脉瘤患者200例,共检出颅内动脉瘤260个,根据动脉瘤的破裂与否分为破裂组200例和未破裂组60例,对比分析2组临床资料及动脉瘤相关特征,进行单因素分析筛选,然后采用进行Logistic回归分析。结果危险因素有动脉瘤家族史(OR=14.335,95%CI=3.172~64.785)、吸烟史(OR=18.225,95%CI=4.428~75.034)、后交通动脉瘤(OR=4.264,95%CI=1.642~11.071)、中等动脉瘤(OR=5.640,95%CI=2.331~213.640)。结论导致颅内动脉瘤破裂的危险因素包括动脉瘤家族史、中等动脉瘤、后交通动脉瘤和吸烟史。     

颅内破裂动脉瘤再出血的预防措施

目的 总结颅内动脉瘤破裂出血后再次破裂的预防措施。方法 回顾性分析2019年1月至2020年12月收治的563例颅内破裂动脉瘤的临床资料。结果 在入院保守治疗期间,症状加重,头部CT显示颅内动脉瘤二次破裂出血65例,其中未使用镇静、镇痛剂53例,入院后收缩压≥140 mmHg有45例,入院48 h后手术58例。53例死亡。结论 颅内动脉瘤破裂出血后尽早尽快手术或介入栓塞治疗是预防再出血最根本的措施;酌情给予镇静资料、控制性低血压对预防再破裂出血有较大帮助。     

影响颅内动脉瘤栓塞术后破裂再出血危险因素多元Logistic回归分析

目的分析影响颅内动脉瘤栓塞术后破裂再出血危险因素。方法回顾性分析2011-07—2015-07于我院行颅内动脉瘤栓塞术的122例患者的临床资料,其中12例患者出现术后破裂再出血,采用单因素和多元Logistic回归分析影响颅内动脉瘤栓塞术后破裂再出血的危险因素。结果性别因素的差异无统计学意义(P0.05),年龄、病程、动脉瘤直径、动脉瘤栓塞程度和术后抗凝等因素的差异有统计学意义(P0.05);经多因素Logistic回归分析,危险因素的危险程度由高到低依次为致密栓塞(OR=5.423)、术后抗凝(OR=4.678)、动脉瘤直径≥10 mm(OR=3.982)、病程≥3a(OR=2.510)和年龄≥60岁(OR=1.525)。结论临床上影响颅内动脉瘤栓塞术后破裂再出血的危险因素较多,可用于指导临床治疗,以降低术后破裂再出血的发生率,改善预后效果。     

高级别动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血再破裂的危险因素分析

目的 探讨高Fisher分级动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aSAH)患者再破裂出血的相关危险因素,为早期预防再出血提供指导.方法 对327例高Fisher分级aSAH患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,依据入院3日内是否发生再出血分为再出血组(n=37)和未出血组(n =290),利用单因素和多因素的方法来筛选影响再出血的相关危险...     

破裂动脉瘤的近期再出血

报告在首次出血后26小时至41天内发生再破裂出血的脑动脉瘤11例。本组大部分病人第一、二次出血均发生在院外,首次出血距入院时间平均25.3日,再次出血距入院时间平均13日,手术时机延误是造成本组病例再出血率高的主要原因。再出血导致2例死亡,1例持久昏迷,使27.3％病人失去手术机会。认为促使病人尽早至专科就诊,严格掌握手术时机对降低颅内动脉瘤死亡率和病残率有重要作用。     

颅内动脉瘤栓塞术后再出血原因分析

目的 探讨颅内动脉瘤患者在接受血管内介入栓塞手术后发生动脉瘤再破裂出血的原因,以降低再出血风险。方法 回顾性分析2021年1月至2023年1月收治的颅内动脉瘤破裂行介入栓塞术的患者临床资料。159例接受介入栓塞患者中发生术后动脉瘤再次破裂出血18例,采用单因素和多元Logistic回归分析影响动脉瘤栓塞术后破裂再出血的危险因素。结果 年龄、高血压、H-H分级、动脉瘤大小、动脉瘤形状、动脉瘤栓塞程度等因素的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄>60岁、合并高血压病史、动脉瘤直径>10 mm、动脉瘤形状不规则、H-H分级>3级、部分栓塞是动脉瘤栓塞术后破裂再出血的独立高危因素。结论 颅内动脉瘤栓塞术后再破裂出血是一种严重危机生命的并发症,通过降低危险因素可减少术后破裂再出血发生。     

颅内动脉瘤夹闭术中动脉瘤破裂的危险因素分析

目的 探讨颅内动脉瘤病人夹闭术中动脉瘤破裂的危险因素。方法 回顾性分析2009年7月至2018年7月夹闭术治疗的296例颅内动脉瘤的临床资料。采用多因素logistic回归分析检验术中动脉瘤破裂的影响因素。结果 296例中,夹闭术中发生动脉瘤破裂59例,未破裂237例。多因素logistic 回归分析,年龄≥60岁、Hunt-Hess分级Ⅲ~Ⅴ级、发病至手术时间>3 d、手术器械不佳及手术操作不细致、动脉瘤瘤体血管弹性差及瘤体粘连是术中动脉瘤破裂的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论 高龄、Hunt-Hess分级高、发病至手术时间长、分离动脉瘤颈操作不细致、动脉瘤瘤体粘连为颅内动脉瘤病人夹闭术中动脉瘤破裂的主要危险因素     

影响颅内破裂动脉瘤手术预后的相关因素分析

目的：探讨影响颅内破裂动脉瘤手术预后的相关因素。方法：应用SAS统计分析软件回顾性分析我院2007年1月1日至12月31日收冶的147例手术夹闭颅内破裂动脉瘤患者的临床资料。对可能影响患者预后的因素进行分析。结果：患者术前Hunt—Hess分级是影响预后最重要的因素，年龄也成为影响手术预后的重要因素。性别、术前CT提示有无脑内血肿、动脉瘤部位和大小、是否多发动脉瘤及术中动脉瘤是否破裂对预后影响无统计学意义。结论：患者术前Hunt—Hess分级越高，手术预后越差；年龄越大手术预后也越差。明确影响破裂动脉瘤手术预后的因素，有助于把握手术适应证并采取相应的措施，改善动脉瘤患者预后。     

Size and Location of Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms

Objective

The aim of study was to review our patient population to determine whether there is a critical aneurysm size at which the incidence of rupture increases and whether there is a correlation between aneurysm size and location.

Methods

We reviewed charts and radiological findings (computed tomography (CT) scans, angiograms, CT angiography, magnetic resonance angiography) for all patients operated on for intracranial aneurysms in our hospital between September 2002 and May 2004. Of the 336 aneurysms that were reviewed, measurements were obtained from angiograms for 239 ruptured aneurysms by a neuroradiologist at the time of diagnosis in our hospital.

Results

There were 115 male and 221 female patients assessed in this study. The locations of aneurysms were the middle cerebral artery (MCA, 61), anterior communicating artery (ACoA, 66), posterior communicating artery (PCoA, 52), the top of the basilar artery (15), internal carotid artery (ICA) including the cavernous portion (13), anterior choroidal artery (AChA, 7), A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery (3), A2 segment of the anterior cerebral artery (11), posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA, 8), superior cerebellar artery (SCA, 2), P2 segment of the posterior cerebral artery (1), and the vertebral artery (2). The mean diameter of aneurysms was 5.47±2.536 mm in anterior cerebral artery (ACA), 6.84±3.941 mm in ICA, 7.09±3.652 mm in MCA and 6.21±3.697 mm in vertebrobasilar artery. The ACA aneurysms were smaller than the MCA aneurysms. Aneurysms less than 6 mm in diameter included 37 (60.65%) in patients with aneurysms in the MCA, 43 (65.15%) in patients with aneurysms in the ACoA and 29 (55.76%) in patients with aneurysms in the PCoA.

Conclusion

Ruptured aneurysms in the ACA were smaller than those in the MCA. The most prevalent aneurysm size was 3-6 mm in the MCA (55.73%), 3-6 mm in the ACoA (57.57%) and 4-6 mm in the PCoA (42.30%). The more prevalent size of the aneurysm to treat may differ in accordance with the location of the aneurysm.     

破裂颅内动脉瘤的血管内治疗

目的分析总结破裂的颅内动脉瘤血管内治疗的效果及特点。方法24例患者术前头部CT或MRI检查均为自发性蛛网膜下腔出血，DSA检查确诊为颅内动脉瘤，共28个，其中1例患者有3个动脉瘤，2例患者各有2个动脉瘤。动脉瘤直径2～5mm10个，6-15mm16个，16～25mm2个。Hunt～Hess分级Ⅰ级5例，Ⅱ级8例，Ⅲ级8例，Ⅳ级2例，Ⅴ级1例。24例动脉瘤均采用血管内栓塞治疗，其中1例患者的3个动脉瘤栓塞了2个，另1个行手术夹闭。结果临床治愈21例，偏瘫1例，死亡2例。术后随访3-24个月，存活22例均恢复良好，无再出血发生。结论血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤效果满意，并发症少，残死率低。     

Clinical Features of Acute Subdural Hematomas Caused by Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms

Objective

Spontaneous acute subdural hematomas (aSDH) secondary to ruptured intracranial aneurysms are rarely reported. This report reviews the clinical features, diagnostic modalities, treatments, and outcomes of this unusual and often fatal condition.

Methods

We performed a database search for all cases of intracranial aneurysms treated at our hospital between 2005 and 2010. Patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms who presented with aSDH on initial computed tomography (CT) were selected for inclusion. The clinical conditions, radiologic findings, treatments, and outcomes were assessed.

Results

A total of 551 patients were treated for ruptured intracranial aneurysms during the review period. We selected 23 patients (4.2%) who presented with spontaneous aSDH on initial CT. Ruptured aneurysms were detected on initial 3D-CT angiography in all cases. All ruptured aneurysms were located in the anterior portion of the circle of Willis. The World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grade on admission was V in 17 cases (73.9%). Immediate decompressive craniotomy was performed 22 cases (95.7%). Obliteration of the ruptured aneurysm was achieved in all cases. The Glasgow outcome scales for the cases were good recovery in 5 cases (21.7%), moderate disability to vegetative in 7 cases (30.4%), and death in 11 cases (47.8%).

Conclusion

Spontaneous aSDH caused by a ruptured intracranial aneurysm is rare pattern of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. For early detection of aneurysm, 3D-CT angiography is useful. Early decompression with obliteration of the aneurysm is recommended. Outcomes were correlated with the clinical grade and CT findings on admission.     

Angiographic Follow-Up for Small Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysm Treated by Endovascular Treatment : Follow-Up Plan and Long-Term Follow-Up Results

ObjectiveAlthough endovascular treatment for intracranial aneurysms is considered effective and safe, its durability is still debated. Also, few studies have described angiographic follow-up plan after endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysm, especially in ruptured cases. Hence, we report the long-term results of follow-up angiography protocol. MethodsRadiological records of 639 cases of coil embolization with ruptured aneurysms from March 2003 to December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who received treatment of a saccular aneurysm less than 7 mm resulted with near complete occlusion were included. Two hundred thirty-eight aneuryms which received the follow-up angiography at least once were enrolled. We classified four periods of follow-up as follows : post-treatment 1 year (defined as the first period), from 1 to 2 years (the second period), 2 to 5 years (the third period), and over 5 years (long-term). ResultsWe identified 14 cases (6.4%) of recurrence from 218 aneurysms in follow-up angiography in the first period. Among 143 aneurysms in the second period, five cases (3.5%) of recurrence were identified. There were no findings suspicious of recanalization in 97 patients in the third period. Of the total 238 cases, there were 19 recurrences, for a recurrence rate of 8.0%. Six (31.6%) out of 19 recurrences showed a tendency toward repeat recurrences even after additional treatment. Twenty-eight received long-term follow-up over 5 years and there was no recurrence. ConclusionMost of the recurrence were found during the first and the second year. We suggest that at least one digital subtraction angiography examination may be necessary around post-treatment 2 years, especially in ruptured cases. If the angiographic results are favorable at 2 years post-treatment, long-term result should be favorable.     

Hunt-Hess高分级破裂脑动脉瘤的急性期手术治疗

目的 探讨Hunt-Hess高分级破裂脑动脉瘤的急性期手术治疗效果。方法 对1995年1月－2000年12月间29例Hunt-Hess高分级破裂动脉瘤患的急性期手术治疗情况手术效果进行回顾性分析。其中Ⅳ级27例，Ⅴ级2例。结果 随访2个月－4年，本组患生存率为83％；恢复良好7例，皆为HuntⅣ级病例，占24％；HuntⅤ级病例无一例恢复良好，预后不佳。结论 对Hunt Ⅳ级破裂动脉瘤应提倡急性期手术，而对于Ⅴ级患应避免急性期手术。     

颅内动脉瘤的显微手术治疗

目的 探讨颅内动脉瘤手术治疗的时机和术中注意事项。方法 回顾分析应用显微神经外科技术对64例71枚动脉瘤进行的直视手术及其疗效。结果 8枚动脉瘤夹闭后切除,1枚梭型动脉瘤作包裹术,其余均作夹闭术。术中动脉瘤破裂13例。Hunt Ⅱ级以内动脉瘤的良好率为94.7％(36/38),无死亡,Ⅲ级以内动脉瘤的良好率为88.1％(52/59),死亡率为3.4％(2/59)。结论 显微神经外科手术是颅内动脉瘤有效、安全的治疗方法,但应选择适当的时机进行。     

The Fate of Partially Thrombosed Intracranial Aneurysms Treated with Endovascular Intervention

ObjectiveThe fate of partially thrombosed intracranial aneurysms (PTIAs) is not well known after endovascular treatment. The authors aimed to analyze the treatment outcomes of PTIAs. MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 27 PTIAs treated with endovascular intervention between January 1999 and March 2018. Twenty-one aneurysms were treated with intraluminal embolization (ILE), and six were treated with parent artery occlusion (PAO) with or without bypass surgery. Radiological results, clinical outcomes and risk factors for major recurrence were assessed. ResultsThe initial clinical status was similar in both groups; however, the last status was better in the ILE group than in the PAO group (p=0.049). Neurological deterioration resulted from mass effect in one case and rupture in one after ILE, and mass effect in two and perforator infarction in one after PAO. Twenty cases (94.2%) in the ILE group initially achieved complete occlusion or residual neck status. However, 13 cases (61.9%) showed major recurrence, the major causes of which included coil migration or compaction. Seven cases (33.3%) ultimately achieved residual sac status after repeat treatment. In the PAO group, all initially showed complete occlusion or a residual neck, and just one case ultimately had a residual sac. Two cases showed major recurrence, the cause of which was incomplete PAO. Aneurysm wall calcification was the only significantly protective factor against major recurrence (odds ratio, 36.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.85 to 705.18; p=0.018). ConclusionComplete PAO of PTIAs is the best option if treatment-related complications can be minimized. Simple fluoroscopy is a useful imaging modality because of the recurrence pattern.     

Endovascular Treatment of Ruptured Pericallosal Artery Aneurysms

Objective

Aneurysms arising from the pericallosal artery (PA) are uncommon and challenging to treat. The aim of this study was to report our experiences of the endovascular treatment of ruptured PA aneurysms.

Methods

From September 2003 to December 2013, 30 ruptured PA aneurysms in 30 patients were treated at our institution via an endovascular approach. Procedural data, clinical and angiographic results were retrospectively reviewed.

Results

Regarding immediate angiographic control, complete occlusion was achieved in 21 (70.0%) patients and near-complete occlusion in 9 (30.0%). Eight procedure-related complications occurred, including intraprocedural rupture and early rebleeding in three each, and thromboembolic event in two. At last follow-up, 18 patients were independent with a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0-2, and the other 12 were either dependent or had expired (mRS score, 3-6). Adjacent hematoma was found to be associated with an increased risk of poor clinical outcome. Seventeen of 23 surviving patients underwent follow-up conventional angiography (mean, 16.5 months). Results showed stable occlusion in 14 (82.4%), minor recanalization in two (11.8%), and major recanalization, which required recoiling, in one (5.9%).

Conclusion

Our experiences demonstrate that endovascular treatment for a ruptured PA aneurysms is both feasible and effective. However, periprocedural rebleedings were found to occur far more often (20.0%) than is generally suspected and to be associated with preoperative contrast retention. Analysis showed existing adjacent hematoma is predictive of a poor clinical outcome.     

动脉瘤病人住院期间再出血死亡相关因素分析

目的 了解住院期间动脉瘤破裂死亡的发生率及相关的危险因素。方法：对1988年6月至1997年6月在住院期间（术前）因动脉瘤再破裂而死亡的45例病人进行回顾性分析。结果45例病人中42例既往有1－3次蛛网膜下腔出血史,住院后于数字减影脑血管造影前（DSA）出血死亡者23例,造影后出血死亡者22例,其中5例出血与脑血管造影有关,24例再出血发生在动脉瘤自然出血高峰期内（4－10天）,住院期间出血死亡的发生率占我院同期动脉瘤总数的7．2％,直接死于再出血的为71％,死于非神经系统并发症的为29％。结论 入院时全身状况,出血时间间隔,脑血管造影,内科系统合并症及住院期间精神状况等是造成再出血的危险因素,潜在的合并症及出血后的非神经系统并发症增加了出血后的死亡率。