健康者脾脏的18F-FDG PET/CT显像分析

目的 探讨健康者脾脏18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG) PET/CT显像特征,为在18F-FDG PET/CT显像中判断脾脏是否有异常病灶提供正常参考值依据.方法 选择行18F-FDG PET/CT体格检查的健康者100例.在PET图像横断面上对脾脏和肝脏分别手动勾画感兴趣区(ROI),测定标准摄取值(SUV),包括SUV最大值(SUVmax)和SUV平均值(SUVavg),同时测定肝脏和脾脏的CT值,再计算脾脏与肝脏的SUV比值及CT值比值.结果 (1)正常脾脏SUVmax和SUVavg分别为2.27、1.73,CT值为53.90 HU.(2)脾脏/肝脏SUVmax比值为0.80,脾脏/肝脏SUVavg比值为0.86,所有受检者脾脏SUV均低于肝脏.(3)脾脏/肝脏CT值比值为0.86,所有受检者脾脏CT值均低于肝脏.(4)男性组脾脏SUVmax高于女性组(P＜0.05),男女组间脾脏SUVavg比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(5)＜60岁和≥60岁组间脾脏SUV比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 18F-FDGPET/CT显像示正常脾脏放射性分布及密度分布均匀,18F-FDG生理性摄取程度及CT值均低于肝脏.     

正则化有序子集最大期望值重建算法对18F-脱氧葡萄糖PET/CT图像质量和标准摄取值的影响

目的:探讨正则化有序子集最大期望值(OSEM)(正则化OSEM)迭代算法对18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(18F-FDG)正电子发射断层显像/计算机断层显像(PET/CT)图像质量和标准摄取值(SUV)的影响.方法:选取医院核医学科行18F-FDG PET/CT检查的144例肿瘤复查患者的PET图像,图像重建采用OSEM迭代法...     

18F-FDG PET/CT在宫颈癌分期及淋巴结转移评估中的应用

目的探究18氟-2脱氧-D-葡萄糖(18F-FDG)正电子发射断层显像/X线计算机体层成像仪(PET/CT)在宫颈癌分期及淋巴结转移评估中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2017年5月至2018年5月在金华市人民医院接受18F-FDG PET/CT检查的53例宫颈癌患者的影像学资料,以手术病理结果为金标准评估18F-FDG PET/CT对宫颈癌分期及淋巴结转移的诊断价值。结果 18F-FDG PET/CT诊断宫颈癌原发病灶的SUV max曲线下面积(AUC)为0.78(Z=4.50,P<0.05),诊断界值为4.21,对应的敏感度、特异度、准确度为77.36%、88.68%、83.02%;18F-FDG PET/CT分期诊断准确率86.79%略高于MRI分期诊断准确率79.25%,但差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.07,P>0.05);18F-FDG PET/CT诊断宫颈癌盆腔淋巴结转移SUV max曲线下面积(AUC)为0.82(Z=6.00,P<0.05),诊断界值为3.36,对应的敏感度、特异度、准确度为82.35%、77.78%、79.25%。结论 18F-FDG PET/CT显像对宫颈癌分期及淋巴结转移评估具重要临床意义,可正确指导临床诊疗方案的制定与预后评估。     

血清CA19-9、CA125和PET/CT显像联合检测对胰腺癌的诊断价值

目的探讨血清CA19-9、CA125检测和18F-FDG PET/CT显像联合检测对胰腺癌的诊断价值。方法选取35例胰腺癌患者为疾病组,35例胰腺良性病变患者作为对照组。2组人群均进行血清CA19-9、CA125检测(RIA法)和18F-FDG PET/CT显像,探讨联合检测对胰腺癌的诊断价值。结果胰腺癌患者血清CA19-9、CA125水平均显著地高于胰腺良性病变组,两者联合检测能提高胰腺癌的阳性检出率(灵敏度为91.43%,特异性为68.57%),而CA19-9、CA125和18F-FDG PET/CT联合检测可提高胰腺癌诊断的灵敏度(100.00%)、特异性(65.71%)。结论血清CA19-9、CA125和18F-FDG PET/CT显像联合检测可大幅度地提高胰腺癌患者的检出率,利于胰腺癌的早期发现和早期治疗,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

~(18)F-FDG PET/CT显像在结直肠癌术后随访中的应用价值

目的探讨~(18)氟-氟代脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射计算机断层显像/电子计算机X射线扫描技术(~(18)F-FDG PET/CT)显像在结直肠癌术后随访中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2010年4月至2012年5月在我院行结直肠癌术的50例患者的临床资料,收集并分析患者的MRI、CT或超声等影像学资料及~(18)F-FDG PET/CT显像结果。结果随访过程中,41例患者伴肿瘤复发、转移症状,9例无复发、无转移,经PET/CT检测确诊阳性30例,阴性20例,其灵敏度为93.54%,特异度为94.73%,准确度94.00%;增强CT诊断阳性24例,阴性26例,其灵敏度为58.06%,特异度为47.37%,准确度为56.00%;~(18)F-FDG PET/CT检查的灵敏度、特异度、准确度均显著高于增强CT检查,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 ~(18)F-FDG PET/CT显像在结直肠癌术后随访中有较高的应用价值,能够反映术后肿瘤复发、转移情况,灵敏度、特异度、准确度均较高。     

11C-乙酸盐PET/CT显像诊断肝脏肿瘤

目的 探讨11C-乙酸盐显像(11C-acetate imaging)在肝脏肿瘤诊断中的价值.方法 13例肝脏占位性病变患者行11C-乙酸盐和18F-脱氧葡萄糖正电子发射断层显像(18F-FDG-PET/CT),比较两者的诊断价值.结果 13例患者中11C-乙酸盐PET/CT检查共发现肿瘤34个,其中6例为单发肿瘤,7例为多发肿瘤.标准化摄取值(SUV)2.6～5.4,平均3.73;肿瘤最大直径6 cm.11C-乙酸盐明显摄取11例,2例未摄取,其中1例18F-FDG和11C-乙酸盐均未摄取,病理证实为胆管细胞癌.18F-FDG明显摄取7例,另6例未摄取.12例患者病理证实为肝细胞癌.结论 11C-乙酸盐PET/CT对于肝癌的早期诊断价值要高于18F-FDG PET/CT.18F-FDG和11C-乙酸盐示踪剂联合应用可以提高PET/CT显像对肝癌诊断的准确率,降低漏诊率和误诊率,为肝癌患者拟订治疗方案和随访提供了可靠的诊断依据.     

18F-FDG和11C-choline PET显像在前列腺良恶性病变诊断中的价值

目的 探讨18F-FDG(18F-脱氧葡萄糖)和11C-choline(11C-胆碱)PET显像诊断前列腺良恶性病变的影响因素,以提高PET显像对前列腺病变的诊断价值.方法 选择可疑前列腺病变患者55例为研究对象,年龄57～82岁,28例为前列腺癌,转移程度不一;其余为前列腺良性病变.所有患者均行全身18F-FDG和11C-choline PET显像检查,分析18F-FDG和11C-choline标准摄取值(SUV)与前列腺病变患者的年龄及病理类型的相互关系和意义.结果 55例前列腺病变患者,18F-FDG和11C-choline SUV与患者的年龄差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),18F-FDG SUV与患者的病理类型差异亦无统计学意义(P＞0.05),而11C-choline SUV与患者的病理类型差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 前列腺病变患者的病理类型是影响11C-choline SUV的重要因素,11C-choline PET显像鉴别诊断前列腺良恶性病变具有重要的价值.     

18F-FDG PET/CT在乳腺癌术后肿瘤标志物升高中的价值

[目的]探讨18F-脱氧葡萄糖(Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose,FDG)正电子发射计算机断层显像(Positron Emission Computer Tomography,PET/CT)在乳腺癌术后肿瘤标志物(CA153,CA125,CEA)升高患者中的应用价值。[方法]对22例乳腺癌术后伴肿瘤标志物升高的患者临床资料进行回顾性分析,18F-FDGPET/CT全身显像探测有无复发或/和转移灶。[结果]18F-FDG PET/CT诊断阳性11例,其中1例经针吸病理证实为假阳性;18F-FDG PET/CT诊断阴性11例,经随访证实为真阴性。18F-FDG PET/CT诊断乳腺癌转移的灵敏度100%(10/10),特异性91.67%(11/12),阳性预测值90.91%(10/11),阴性预测值100%(11/11)。[结论]18F-FDG PET/CT显像能可靠地鉴别肿瘤标志物升高的乳腺癌术后患者有无转移或复发,准确探测复发和转移灶,改变治疗方案,是其他影像学方法和肿瘤标志物监测的重要补充。     

~(18)F-FDG PET延迟显像在原发性肺癌诊断中的作用

目的:探讨18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)PET延迟显像在原发性肺癌诊断中的价值。方法:对36例原发性肺癌患者分别进行18F-FDG PET早期头部——盆腔显像和注射后3h胸部延迟显像,测定2次显像病灶的标准摄取值(SUV),并计算18F-FDG的储留指数(RI)。结果:原发性肺癌的延迟显像SUV明显高于早期显像SUV(P<0.01);以早期显像SUV>2.5作为标准,原发性肺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异性、准确性分别为80.3%、72.7%、78.6%;以RI>20%作为标准,原发性肺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异性、准确性分别为82.8%、77.9%、80.3%;结合以上2项标准,原发性肺癌诊断灵敏度、特异性、准确性分别为90.0%、80.0%和86.7%。结论:18F-FDG PET延迟显像有助于原发性肺癌的诊断,结合应用SUV及RI2项指标可提高诊断准确率。     

PET/CT显像在诊断食管癌淋巴结转移与病理对照研究价值

目的探讨18F-FDG PET/CT显像在诊断食管癌淋巴结转移与病理对照研究价值。方法回顾分析我院食管癌淋巴结转移患者,术前行18F-FDG PET/CT显像,对转移淋巴结的最大标准摄取值(SUVmax)分析,并与病理结果对照。结果 PET/CT显像SUVmax界值为2.5、5诊断食管癌淋巴结转移的灵敏度、特异性、准确性分别为:69.48%、92.71%、83.33%和87.66%、94.51%、93.26%。结论 PET/CT显像诊断食管癌转移淋巴结有较高准确性,选择SUVmax界值为5对诊断准确性更高。     

Does 18F-FDG PET/CT play a role in the differential diagnosis of parotid masses

AIM: The aim of the present study was to assess the accuracy of an hybrid PET/CT scanner in the evaluation of newly diagnosed parotid masses, comparing the results with those reported in the literature with using PET scanners only. METHODS: The potential role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in distinguishing benign from malignant parotid masses in 14 consecutive patients was investigated. All patients were preoperatively evaluated by means of ultrasound (US), US-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology, computed tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 18F-FDG PET/CT. For To interpreting FDG PET findings, the right to left parotid (R/L) SUV max ratio was calculated in a group of 54 patients without evidence of parotideal disease (mean+/-SD = 1+/-0.2; range = 0.8-1.2); considering the R/L SUV max ratio, focal or diffuse uptakes <0.8 or >1.2 were considered as potentially pathological. RESULTS: Imaging data were compared with surgical and histopathological findings. At FDG PET/CT, 9 false positive cases were found (8 Warthin's tumours, 1 pleomorphic adenoma), 1 false negative (acinar cell carcinoma), 4 true negative (1 Warthin's tumour, 1 pleomorphic adenoma, 1 lymph epithelial cyst, 1 parotid inflammation) whereas there was no case of true positive. The global accuracy of FGD PET/CT was rather low = at 29%. CONCLUSIONS: In agreement with other preliminary reports in which the FDG PET without CT fusion imaging was used, in our experience 18F-FDG PET/CT did not prove to play a significant role in differential diagnosis (benign vs malignant) of parotid masses. Further studies collecting larger groups of patients are needed to further elucidate this observation.     

18F—FDG PET／CT对乳腺癌分期及疗效监测的价值探讨

目的探讨18F—FDG PET／CT在乳腺癌诊断及术后疗效监测的应用价值。方法对2006年1月～2009年12月笔者所在医院收治的的76例病理类型最终确诊为乳腺癌的病例行”F—FDGPET／CT显像和胸部诊断CT扫描,检查范围包括乳房原发肿瘤、淋巴结及全身器官,并将18F—FDG PET／CT和胸部CT检查的结果进行对比。结果18F—FDG PET／CT检查对乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度为91．3％,特异性为53．1％,准确性为85．3％;而胸部诊断cT的灵敏度检查为62．1％,特异性为29．8％,准确性为55．6％。在对淋巴结转移的诊断上,18F—FDG PET／CT的灵敏度（99．8％）高于胸部诊断CT的灵敏度（53．1％）。而在对肺部转移灶检测上胸部CT的灵敏度（989％）高于18F—FDG PET／CT（42．9％）。结论18F—FDG PET／CT在对乳房原发肿瘤、淋巴结转移和术后诊断复发的发现和判断上显示出明显优势;但胸部CT在发现肺部转移灶的作用不容忽视,其地位不可取代。     

18FECH PET/CT脑显像在脑占位诊断中的价值分析

目的:由于大脑皮层对氟代脱氧葡萄糖([18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose,18FDG)的高摄取影响其在脑占位诊断中的应用,而18F-乙基胆碱([18F]Fluoroethyl-dimethyl-2-hydroxyethylammonium,18FECH)在大脑皮层中低代谢,提高了对脑占位诊断的灵敏度和特异性.通过对18FECH正电子发射计算机断层显像(positron emission tomography and computer tomography,PET/CT)脑显像中的假阳性和假阴性分析,提高其对脑占位诊断的准确性.方法:38例脑占位同期行18FECH和18FDG PET/CT脑显像及MRI检查,在18FECH PET/CT脑显像中采用视觉分析方法,高于本底即为阳性,同时测定病灶的最大标准摄取值(maximal standard uptake value,SUVmax),病灶/对侧正常脑组织的SUVmax比值＞2作为阳性的诊断标准,反之为阴性,后经开颅手术或MRI引导下立体定位活检,术后病理证实和免疫组化分析,共有11例为假阳性和假阴性.结果:1.5例假阳性分别为1例结核性肉芽肿性炎,1例脑梗塞后坏死,1例血管畸形出血伴血管增生,1例髓鞘脱失性炎性病变和1例多发硬化性胶质增生.2.6例假阴性分别为1例胚胎发育不良性神经上皮瘤,2例WHO Ⅱ级星形细胞瘤,1例WHO Ⅱ级少突胶质细胞瘤,1例WHO Ⅱ级少突星形胶质细胞瘤和1例WHO Ⅲ级间变少突星形胶质细胞瘤.3.18FECH PET/CT脑显像在脑占位病变诊断的假阳性率为13.2%(5/38),假阴性率为15.8%(6/38),准确率为71.1%(27/38).结论:18FECH PET/CT脑显像可以清楚的显示病变的范围,对脑占位的定位和定性诊断有一定作用,但存在一定比例的假阳性和假阴性.     

Solitary pulmonary nodules differentiated by dynamic F-18 FDG PET in a region with high prevalence of granulomatous disease

This study determined whether dynamic F-18 FDG PET imaging could differentiate benign from malignant solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs). Histopathologically confirmed SPNs (10-35 mm), 24 malignant and 10 benign, from 34 patients were studied through both dynamic and static F-18 FDG PET imaging of all patients. Volumes of interest (VOIs) were placed over the pulmonary nodules using a 50% maximum pixel value threshold. The arterial input function was estimated from a left ventricle-defined VOI. Based on Patlak analysis, we calculated the net FDG phosphorylation rate (K(i)) and glucose metabolic rate (MRGlu) of each nodule. The slope values of the time-activity curves (TACs) of the nodules were also determined. Based on the static PET images, maximum and mean standardized uptake values (SUV(max) and SUV(mean), respectively) were calculated. Benign and malignant SPNs had significantly different values for SUV(max), SUV(mean), K(i), MRGlu, and TAC slope, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curves distinguishing benign from malignant nodules. McNemar's test of marginal homogeneity found all the predictors helpful to detect malignant nodules (all, p > 0.05), and combining K(i) and MRGlu, which were generated by dynamic study, yielded a higher specificity of 90%, and a sensitivity of 79%. Among the 10 benign nodules, static SUV imaging correctly classified seven, while dynamic F-18 PET imaging correctly classified nine. Dynamic F-18 FDG PET imaging is valuable in differentiating benign from malignant SPNs, particularly for granulomatous disease.     

Quantifying the effects of iodine contrast media on standardised uptake values of FDG PET/CT images: an anthropomorphic phantom study

This study aimed to quantify the amount of change in Standardised Uptake Values (SUVs) of PET/CT images by simulating the set-up as closely as possible to the actual patient scanning. The experiments were conducted using an anthropomorphic phantom, which contained an amount of radioactivity in the form of Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in a primary plastic test tube and one litre saline bags, including the insertion of bony structures and another two test tubes containing different concentrations of iodine contrast media. Standard scanning protocols were employed for the PET/CT image acquisition. The highest absolute differences in the SUVmax and SUVmean values of the saline bags were found to be about 0.2 and 0.4, respectively. The primary test tube showed the largest change of 1.5 in both SUVs; SUV max and SUVmean. However, none of these changes were found to be statistically significant. The clinical literature also contains no evidence to suggest that the changes of this magnitude would change the final diagnosis. Based on these preliminary data, we propose that iodine contrast media can be used during the CT scan of PET/CT imaging, without significantly affecting the diagnostic quality of this integrated imaging modality.     

Combined imaging modalities: PET/CT and SPECT/CT

The recent development of new radiopharmaceuticals now permits molecular imaging of biologic processes at the cellular level to improve both the diagnosis and treatment of disease. Fused PET/CT and SPECT/CT imaging systems now provide metabolic and functional information from PET or SPECT combined with the high spatial resolution and anatomic information of CT. Because the two sets of images are fused, areas of normal and abnormal metabolic activity can be mapped to recognizable anatomic structures. This fusion of function and anatomy has quickly demonstrated its clinical value, especially in the field of oncology. There are also growing clinical indications in the areas of cardiology, neurology, and imaging of infection. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is the PET imaging agent currently in most common use. While FDG uptake is nonspecific, it has demonstrated important applications, especially for patients with cancer. Continued progress in fused anatomic and molecular imaging can be anticipated, both in the development of more advanced instrumentation (integrated CT or MRI with PET and SPECT camera technology) and with new radiopharmaceuticals that image more specific physiologic aspects of organ and cell biology.     

关于~(18)F-FDG PET/CT检查患者的胃肠道准备的探讨

目的:探讨患者胃肠道准备对18F-FDGPET/CT检查的影响。方法:回顾250例18F-FDGPET/CT显像结果,结合SUV值和患者病史及其它临床资料进行分析。结果:42例胃肠道准备不足的患者中,影像受胃肠道干扰的有17例;而胃肠道准备充分的208例患者中仅4例显像受胃肠道干扰。结论:正确而充分的胃肠道准备是提高18F-FDGPET/CT检查图像质量的重要因素。     

无症状体检人群中~(18)F-FDG PET/CT筛查恶性肿瘤的应用价值

目的评估无症状体检人群中18F-FDG PET/CT筛查恶性肿瘤的应用价值。方法选取2011年1月~2014年12月在解放军总医院健康管理研究院应用18F-FDG PET/CT筛查恶性肿瘤的无症状体检人群4 899例,平均年龄(51.8±9.5)岁,男性3 390例(69.2%),女性1 509例(30.8%)。结果 PET/CT检查发现可疑高代谢或占位病灶,经穿刺或手术病理证实的恶性肿瘤72例,包括肺癌、甲状腺癌以及结肠癌等13种肿瘤,筛查阳性率为1.5%。PET/CT筛查假阴性8例,假阳性65例,筛查的敏感度为90.0%,特异性为99.8%,阳性预测值52.6%,阴性预测值98.4%。结论体检人群中PET/CT筛查可发现全身多部位的早期恶性肿瘤。为减少假阴性和假阳性,PET/CT筛查恶性肿瘤应与甲状腺、肝脏超声及胃肠镜检查相结合。低阳性预测值及射线暴露诱发肿瘤的风险是在无症状体检人群中应用PET/CT筛查恶性肿瘤时应重视的问题,应注意选择适应症,防止滥用检查和过度医疗。     

肿瘤患者放疗后照射野内椎体骨髓FDG PET/CT影像学表现

目的 探讨肿瘤患者放疗后椎体骨髓FDG PET/CT改变及其临床意义。方法 对32例患者放疗后椎体FDG PET/CT SUV与正常健康人椎体SUV比较分析。结果 与正常人椎体相比,放疗后椎体SUV明显降低,并且界限清晰。结论 肿瘤患者放疗后照射野内椎体FDG PET/CT SUV具有特征性,能够指导临床治疗。