CD14基因多态性与婴幼儿肺部感染易感性的关联及交互作用

目的 探讨CD14基因多态性与婴幼儿肺部感染易感性的关联及交互作用。方法 选择河南省新乡市中心医院儿科2020年1月-2021年1月收治的120例被确诊为婴幼儿肺炎的患儿为病例组,选择同期医院保健室进行体检且结果为健康的婴幼儿60名为对照组。通过电子病历系统调取病例组和对照组婴幼儿临床资料,根据患儿临床症状、肺部体征结合实验室检查结果将病例组患儿分为重症组和非重症组。采用聚合酶链式扩增反应(PCR)检测CD14基因rs2569190、rs5744455位点多态性。结果 病例组剖宫产率高于对照组,出生时Apgar评分低于对照组(P<0.05);哈迪-温伯格检验结果显示病例组和对照组CD14基因rs2569190、rs5744455位点基因型分布理论值和实际值比较差异无统计学意义;病例组CD14基因rs2569190位点TT基因型、T等位基因频率高于对照组,CC基因型频率低于对照组(P<0.05);重症组rs2569190位点TT基因型频率、T等位基因频率高于轻症组,CT基因型频率低于轻症组(P<0.05);交互作用分析结果显示,rs2569190多态性×出生方式、rs2...     

6号染色体短臂MHCⅡ类抗原区基因多态性与精神分裂症的关系

目的探讨6号染色体短臂MHCⅡ类抗原区基因多态性与精神分裂症的关系。方法采用聚合酶链反应和限制性内切酶片段长度多态性方法检测位于6号染色体短臂MHCⅡ类抗原区基因上的5个单核苷酸多态性位点,对106个精神分裂症患者核心家系的等位基因和基因型进行传递不平衡和单倍型相对风险分析,同时对多位点构成的单倍型系统进行分析。结果rs1049060位点的C、G等位基因频数分布在病例组和对照组之间差异呈显著性(P<0.05);rs701831、rs707954、rs1047992和rs129190位点的等位基因和基因型频数分布在病例组和对照组之间差异均未见显著性(P>0.05)。rs1049060-rs129190、rs701831-rs707954、rs1047992-rs1049060-rs129190、rs701831-rs707954-rs1047992和rs701831-rs707954-rs1047992-rs1049060单倍型系统与精神分裂症相关联(P<0.05)。结论在人类MHCⅡ类基因区可能存在两个与精神分裂症相关的等位基因。     

ERAP1和ERAP2基因多态性与肺结核遗传易感性的关联

目的 探讨内质网氨肽酶1/2(ERAP1/2)基因多态性与肺结核患者遗传易感性的关联。方法 选取温州医科大学附属衢州医院2020年3月-2021年3月302例肺结核感染患者纳入结核组，另选取300名健康体检者纳入对照组，采用SNaPshot分型技术检测纳入对象ERAP1、ERAP2基因位点基因分型，比较结核组与对照组基因型频率，通过Logistic回归分析ERAP1、ERAP2单核苷酸多态性与肺结核感染发生的关系。结果 结核组ERAP1基因rs27044位点、rs26618位点CC基因型比例高于对照组，ERAP2基因rs2549782位点TT基因型比例低于对照组(P<0.05);结核组ERAP1基因rs27044位点、rs26618位点C基因频率高于对照组，ERAP2基因rs2549782位点T基因频率低于对照组(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示体质量指数、肺结核患者接触史、ERAP1基因rs27044位点CC基因型、rs26618位点CC基因型是肺结核发生的影响因素(P<0.05),卡介苗接种史、ERAP2基因rs2549782位点TT基因型是肺结核...     

Pax-9基因多态性与低出生体重儿的关联

目的:探讨发育相关基因Pax-9多态性与低出生体重儿之间是否存在关联。方法:选取60例低出生体重儿和70例正常儿做对照,采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法检测Pax-9基因的3个多态性位点(rs2073244、rs2073247、rs4904210)并比较各自的基因型和等位基因的分布频率。结果:Pax-9基因的rs2073247和rs4904210位点基因型总体分布差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.53和16.66,P<0.05),而rs2073244位点的基因型总体分布差异没有统计学意义(χ2=5.74,P>0.05)。其中rs2073244位点AG基因型、rs2073247位点TT基因型和rs4904210位点CC基因型在低出生体重组的分布明显高于正常新生儿组(P<0.05),而rs2073244位点AA基因型、rs2073247位点TC基因型和rs4904210位点CG基因型在正常新生儿组的分布明显高于低出生体重组(P<0.05)。结论:Pax-9基因rs2073247、rs4904210和rs2073244位点基因型不同程度的影响了低出生体重儿的发生率。     

雌激素受体β基因多态性与子宫肌瘤相关性研究

目的:探讨雌激素受体β基因多态性与中国北方汉族人群子宫肌瘤的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法检测167例子宫肌瘤患者和170例健康女性的雌激素受体β基因rs1256064和rs1256049SNPs位点的基因型,应用SPSS12.0分析基因多态性与子宫肌瘤的相关性。结果:病例组与对照组人群2个SNPs的基因型分布均符合Hardy-W e inberg平衡定律;rs1256064位点的等位基因及基因型的频数在病例组和对照组间的分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),rs1256049位点的基因型频数在病例组和对照组间的分布差异无统计学意义,而等位基因的频数分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:雌激素受体β基因rs1256064位点基因多态性可能与中国北方汉族人群子宫肌瘤相关联。     

iNOS基因多态性与病毒性心肌炎易感性及其病情的关系

目的分析诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)基因多态性与病毒性心肌炎(VMC)易感性和心肌病变程度的关系。方法选取2018年1月-2020年7月海南医学院第一附属医院收治的VMC患者65例为VMC组,并选取同期体检健康者48名为对照组。采用聚合酶链式反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术,检测iNOS基因rs2779248和rs1137933位点的基因型分布情况,酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清iNOS水平,比较两组iNOS基因多态性及不同基因型血清iNOS水平。结果 VMC组iNOS基因rs2779248位点T等位基因频率高于对照组(P0.05),rs1137933位点TT基因型和T等位基因频率均高于对照组(P0.05);不同基因型血清iNOS水平比较有统计学意义(P0.05),且VMC组患者各基因型血清iNOS水平均高于对照组(P0.05);急性期和重症VMC患者iNOS基因rs2779248和rs1137933位点TT基因型和T等位基因频率均高于恢复期和轻症患者(P0.05)。结论 iNOS基因rs2779248位点和rs1137933位点的多态性可能与VMC患者易感性及心肌病变程度有关。     

核糖体蛋白基因S 26单核苷酸多态性与多囊卵巢综合征易感性的相关性研究

目的探讨核糖体蛋白基因S 26(ribosomal protein gene S 26,RPS 26)基因多态性与多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)易感性的关系。方法用基因测序的方法检测2015年7月至2016年3月深圳市龙华新区人民医院诊治的100例PCOS患者和100例健康对照者RPS 26基因单核苷酸多态性位点(single nucleotide polymorphisms,SNPs)rs1131017、rs56696262基因型分布。结果 rs1131017有3种基因型C/C、C/G、G/G,基因型和等位基因分布频率在两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);rs56696262有3种基因型A/A、A/T、T/T,基因型A/T在PCOS组的分布频率高于对照组,基因型T/T在PCOS组的分布频率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。野生的T/T基因型在PCOS组分布低于对照组(P0.05),可能为PCOS疾病发生的一种保护因素。T/T基因型患者睾酮水平低于非T/T基因型患者,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 RPS 26基因rs56696262位点SNP与PCOS遗传易感性可能有相关性。     

TNF-α基因多态性与幽门螺杆菌感染消化不良的关联

目的 研究肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)基因多态性与幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染消化不良的关联。方法 选取2020年3月-2021年3月杭州市富阳区第一人民医院收治的Hp感染消化不良患者110例作为研究组，选取同期于医院健康体检的健康志愿者80名作为对照组；分析TNF-α基因多态性，研究TNF-α基因多态性与Hp感染消化不良的相关性。结果 研究组在rsl800629位点GA基因型、rs361525位点GA基因、rsl800630位点CA基因型分布频率低于对照组，rsl800629位点AA基因型、rs361525位点AA基因型、rsl800630位点AA基因型分布频率高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组rsl800629位点G等位基因、rsl800630位点C等位基因携带率低于对照组(P<0.05);多元Logistic回归显示，rsl800629位点A等位基因、rsl800630位点A等位基因与Hp感染消化不良发病有关(P<0.05);转归不佳组在rsl800629位点GA基因型、rsl800630位点CA基因型分布频率低于转归良好组，rsl800629位点AA基因型、rs3...     

腺苷酸环化酶3基因多态性与儿童肥胖的相关性分析

目的探讨腺苷酸环化酶3(ADCY3)基因多态性与儿童肥胖的相关性。方法选取2016年6月—2020年6月于天津市第四中心医院收集的88例单纯性肥胖患儿作为研究对象(观察组);另选取同期在医院做体检的健康儿童95例作为对照组。收集所有研究对象的一般资料;采用连接酶检测反应技术进行单核苷酸多态性分型检测;平衡程度采用Hardy-Weinbery平衡检测;儿童肥胖的影响因素采用logistic回归分析。结果ADCY3基因rs10187348位点基因型包括野生纯合型(GG基因型)、突变杂合型(CG基因型)及突变纯合型(CC基因型);rs4665273位点基因型包括野生纯合型(CC基因型)、突变杂合型(CT基因型)及突变纯合型(TT基因型)。各基因型分布频率服从Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律。与对照组相比,观察组ADCY3基因rs10187348位点CG、CC基因型及C等位基因频率显著升高(P<0.05);rs4665273位点CT、TT基因型及T等位基因频率显著升高(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示ADCY3基因rs10187348位点杂合子CG型、纯合子突变CC型及rs4665273位点杂合子CT型、纯合子TT型是儿童肥胖发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论血浆中ADCY3基因rs10187348位点杂合子CG型、纯合子突变CC型及rs4665273位点杂合子CT型、纯合子TT型与儿童肥胖的发生密切相关,可导致儿童肥胖风险增高。     

精神分裂症与亲核素β基因多态性关系

目的 探讨亲核索β(KPNBs)中KPNB1和KPNB2基因与精神分裂症的关系.方法 采用聚合酶链式反应一限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法,收集中国吉林省汉族精神分裂症患者及其健康父母双亲组成的233个核心家系成员,分别检测位于KPNB1和KPNB2基因上的2个单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)rs11871606和rs266443.利用拟合优度x2检验分析等位基因和基因型分布频率是否符合哈迪-温伯格定律(Hardy-Weinberg Law),应用遗传统计学软件(UNPHASED)进行2个SNPs的传递不平衡检验(TDT)以及双位点联合作用分析.结果 患者组与其父母组比较,KPNB1基因rs11871606及KPNB2基因rs266443等位基因和基因型频率的分布差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律;TDT结果提示,KPNB1基因rs11871606及KPNB2基因rs266443与精神分裂症无连锁及关联.双位点联合作用分析结果显示,rs11871606与rs266443两位点未显示联合作用(P>0.05).结论 KPNB1基因rs11871606位点及KPNB2基因rs266443位点多态性可能与精神分裂症无关,但不能排除KPNB1基因及KPNB2基因其他SNPs与精神分裂症相关联.     

FADS1 and FADS2 Gene Polymorphisms Modulate the Relationship of Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acid Plasma Concentrations in Gestational Weight Gain: A NISAMI Cohort Study

The polymorphisms of fatty acid desaturase genes FADS1 and FADS2 have been associated with an increase in weight gain. We investigated FADS1 and FADS2 gene polymorphisms and the relation between ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acid plasma concentrations and gestational weight gain. A prospective cohort study of 199 pregnant women was followed in Santo Antônio de Jesus, Brazil. Plasma levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were measured at baseline and gestational weight gain during the first, second, and third trimesters. Fatty acid recognition was carried out with the aid of gas chromatography. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using real-time PCR. Statistical analyses included Structural Equation Modelling. A direct effect of FADS1 and FADS2 gene polymorphisms on gestational weight was observed; however, only the SNP rs174575 (FADS2) showed a significant positive direct effect on weight over the course of the pregnancy (0.106; p = 0.016). In terms of the influence of SNPs on plasma levels of PUFAs, it was found that SNP rs174561 (FADS1) and SNP rs174575 (FADS2) showed direct adverse effects on plasma concentrations of ω-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid and alpha-linoleic acid), and only SNP rs174575 had positive direct effects on plasma levels of ARA and the ARA/LA (arachidonic acid/linoleic acid) ratio, ω-6 products, while the SNP rs3834458 (FADS2) had an adverse effect on plasma concentrations of EPA, leading to its increase. Pregnant women who were heterozygous and homozygous for the minor allele of the SNP rs3834458 (FADS2), on the other hand, showed larger concentrations of series ω-3 substrates, which indicates a protective factor for women’s health.     

FADS1 and ELOVL2 polymorphisms reveal associations for differences in lipid metabolism in a cross-sectional population-based survey of Brazilian men and women

Cardiometabolic risk involves environmental and genetic factors. We aimed to investigate the relationship between plasma fatty acids and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), located in elongase and desaturases genes, and cardiometabolic parameters in a cross-sectional population-based survey. A sample of 226 adults who participated in the Health Survey of Sao Paulo, Brazil, was selected. Clinical and anthropometric variables, plasma lipoprotein, and fatty acid were evaluated. We hypothesized that differences in SNPs could lead to changes in plasma long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. We analyzed the relationship between SNPs in FADS1 (rs174546) and ELOVL2 (rs953413) genes, plasma fatty acid profiles, and cardiometabolic-related phenotypes using multiple linear regression, which was adjusted for confounders. Plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly lower in carriers of the T allele for the FADS1 SNP. Plasma oleic acid levels were statistically higher in individuals with CT/TT genotypes in the FADS1 and AG/GG genotypes in the ELOVL2 SNPs in comparison to the CC and AA genotypes, respectively. Higher levels of linoleic and linolenic acid were found for T-allele carriers of FADS1 SNP. The estimated activity of the stearoyl CoA desaturase enzyme (SDC_18) was higher in the CT/TT genotypes (FADS1). Delta-5 desaturase estimated activity was statistically lower in the presence of the minor FADS1 allele. The estimated activity of the enzyme delta-6 desaturase was statistically lower for FADS1 CT and TT genotypes. SNPs in FADS1 and ELOVL2 genes showed protective associations for lipid metabolism and could be markers of lower cardiometabolic risk.     

FADS genotypes and desaturase activity estimated by the ratio of arachidonic acid to linoleic acid are associated with inflammation and coronary artery disease

BACKGROUND: The delta-5 and delta-6 desaturases, encoded by FADS1 and FADS2 genes, are key enzymes in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism that catalyze the conversion of linoleic acid (LA) into arachidonic acid (AA) and that of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) into eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in FADS1 and FADS2 have been associated with different concentrations of AA and LA, and those associations have possible functional consequences for desaturase activity. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the possible association among FADS genotypes, desaturase activity, inflammation, and coronary artery disease (CAD). DESIGN: Thirteen FADS SNPs and the ratio of AA to LA (AA/LA) on red blood cell (RBC) membranes, a marker of desaturase activity, were evaluated in 876 subjects with (n = 610) or without (n = 266) angiographically documented CAD. RESULTS: Both AA/LA and the ratio of EPA to ALA (EPA/ALA) were higher in patients with CAD than in those without CAD, but, in a multiple logistic regression model, only a higher AA/LA resulted an independent risk factor for CAD (odds ratio: 2.55; 95% CI: 1.61, 4.05 for higher compared with lower ratio tertile; P for trend < 0.001). Furthermore, concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein increased progressively across tertiles of AA/LA. Graded increases in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentrations and CAD risk were related to the carriership of FADS haplotypes, including the alleles associated with a higher ratio. CONCLUSION: In populations following a Western diet, subjects carrying FADS haplotypes that are associated with higher desaturase activity may be prone to a proinflammatory response favoring atherosclerotic vascular damage.     

Genetic variants of the FADS1 FADS2 gene cluster are associated with altered (n-6) and (n-3) essential fatty acids in plasma and erythrocyte phospholipids in women during pregnancy and in breast milk during lactation

The enzymes encoded by fatty acid desaturase (FADS) 1 and FADS2 are rate-limiting enzymes in the desaturation of linoleic acid [LA; 18:2(n-6)] to arachidonic acid [ARA; 20:4(n-6)], and alpha-linolenic acid [ALA; 18:3(n-3)] to eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA; 20:5(n-3)] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA; 22:6(n-3)]. ARA, EPA, and DHA play central roles in infant growth, neural development, and immune function. The maternal ARA, EPA, and DHA status in gestation influences maternal-to-infant transfer and breast milk provides fatty acids for infants after birth. We determined if single nucleotide polymorphisms in FADS1 and FADS2 influence plasma phospholipid and erythrocyte ethanolamine phosphoglyceride (EPG) (n-6) and (n-3) fatty acids of women in pregnancy or their breast milk during lactation. We genotyped rs174553, rs99780, rs174575, and rs174583 in the FADS1 FADS2 gene cluster and analyzed plasma and erythrocyte fatty acids and dietary intake for 69 pregnant women and breast milk for a subset of 54 women exclusively breast-feeding at 1 mo postpartum. Minor allele homozygotes of rs174553(GG), rs99780(TT), and rs174583(TT) had lower ARA but higher LA in plasma phospholipids and erythrocyte EPG and decreased (n-6) and (n-3) fatty acid product:precursor ratios at 16 and 36 wk of gestation. Breast milk fatty acids were influenced by genotype, with significantly lower 14:0, ARA, and EPA but higher 20:2(n-6) in the minor allele homozygotes of rs174553(GG), rs99780(TT), and rs174583(TT) and lower ARA, EPA, 22:5(n-3), and DHA in the minor allele homozygotes G/G of rs174575. We showed that genetic variants of FADS1 and FADS2 influence blood lipid and breast milk essential fatty acids in pregnancy and lactation.     

Erythrocyte polyunsaturated fatty acid composition is associated with depression and FADS genotype in Caucasians

Background: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play an important role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), related, in part, to their role in inflammatory systems. The enzymes δ-5 and δ-6 desaturase are the rate-limiting steps in the metabolism of PUFAs and are encoded in the genes fatty acid desaturase (FADS) 1 and 2, respectively. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes within the FADS gene cluster have been shown to influence PUFA composition.

Aim: The objective of this study was to determine whether key omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) fatty acids may be associated with depression, and to explore the role of FADS genotype in PUFA variation.

Methods: Four erythrocyte long chain (LC) fatty acids (linoleic acid [LA], α-linolenic acid [ALA], arachidonic acid [AA] and Eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]), as well as six SNPs (rs174537, rs174547, rs174570, rs174575, rs498793 and rs3834458) within the FADS gene cluster were measured in a sample of 207 participants (154 with MDD versus 53 non-depressed controls).

Results: The precursor LC-PUFAs LA and ALA appeared to be negatively associated with depression (P?P?0.01, respectively), while AA:LA (surrogate measure of desaturase activity) was positively associated with depression (P?0.01). No significant differences were noted in erythrocyte EPA, AA or AA:EPA between groups. Minor alleles of each SNP (excluding rs498793) were associated with variation in desaturase activity and LA. Both rs174537 and rs174547 were associated with ALA. No genotype was associated with EPA or AA. Minor alleles of rs174537 and rs174547 were significantly associated with lower odds of MDD (although significance was lost after correction for multiple comparisons).

Conclusion: Precursor LC-PUFAs, LA and ALA, appear to be associated with MDD and potentially modulated by genetic variation in the FADS gene cluster. These results provide support for the consideration of PUFA composition, diet and FADS genetic variation in the pathophysiology of MDD.     

Evidence for an association between genetic variants of the fatty acid desaturase 1 fatty acid desaturase 2 ( FADS1 FADS2) gene cluster and the fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membranes

The present study gives further evidence for the recently found association between variants of the fatty acid desaturase 1 fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS1 FADS2) gene cluster and PUFA in blood phospholipids and explores this association for cellular fatty acids in erythrocyte membranes. In a subgroup of adults participating in the Bavarian Nutrition Survey II, a cross-sectional population-based study conducted in Bavaria, Germany, allelic variation in three selected loci of the FADS1 FADS2 gene cluster was analysed and used for haplotype construction. Associations with plasma phospholipid PUFA (n 163) and PUFA in erythrocyte membranes (n 535) were investigated by regression analysis. All haplotypes of the original five-loci haplotypes of our previous study could be replicated. In addition, associations with serum phospholipid PUFA were confirmed in the present data set. Although less pronounced, associations between FADS1 FADS2 haplotypes and PUFA in erythrocyte membranes, particularly arachidonic and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, could be established. We provide the first replication of the association of the FADS1 FADS2 gene cluster with PUFA in blood phospholipids. For the first time, such associations were also shown for PUFA in cell membranes.     

Optimization of Omega-3 Index Levels in Athletes at the US Naval Academy: Personalized Omega-3 Fatty Acid Dosage and Molecular Genetic Approaches

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend increasing the intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The Omega-3 Index (O3I) is one marker used to assess omega-3 status. The O3I national average is 4.3%, which translates into a high risk for developing cardiovascular disease. Research has reported an association between variants in the two desaturase encoding genes, fatty acid desaturase 1 and fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS1/2), and the concentration of O3I. The aim of this study was to assess whether a personalized dosage of omega-3 supplementation would lead to an O3I ≥ 8%. A secondary aim was to identify if changes in O3I levels would be associated with either of the two FADS1/2 variants. Methods: This interventional study had a pre- and post-intervention design to assess changes in O3I. Ninety participants completed demographic, biometrics, O3I, and genetic testing. Participants were provided a personalized dose of omega-3 supplements based on their baseline O3I. Results: The majority (63%) of participants were 20 year old white males with an average O3I at baseline of 4.6%; the post-supplementation average O3I was 5.6%. The most frequent genetic variants expressed in the full sample for FADS1/2 were GG (50%) and CA/AA (57%). Conclusions: O3I was significantly increased following omega-3 supplementation. However, it was not possible to conclude whether the two FADS1/2 variants led to differential increases in OI3 or if a personalized dosage of omega-3 supplementation led to an O3I ≥ 8%, due to our study limitations.     

FADS2 polymorphisms are associated with plasma arachidonic acid and estimated desaturase-5 activity in a cross-sectional study

Polymorphisms in FADS genes are associated with plasma long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) and modulate omega-6/omega-3 balance. We hypothesized that the FADS2 gene variants will be associated with lower product-to-precursor ratio in the fatty acid metabolic pathways. Thus, we explored FADS2 rs174593, rs174616, and rs174576 effects on plasma phospholipid fatty acid profile, markers of desaturase activities, and risk factors in a sample of apparently healthy Serbian adults. Food and nutrient intake data were compiled through 24 h recalls. Plasma phospholipid fatty acid content was assessed by gas-chromatography. Estimated desaturase activities were calculated as conversion rates towards LC-PUFA in omega-6 pathway. During the selection of FADS2 polymorphisms, we accounted for their positional and functional aspect. Genotyping was performed by Real-Time PCR. Multivariable-adjusted general linear and hierarchical regression models were applied. Study subjects (mean age = 40 ± 7 years, 70% who were overweight) had a median dietary omega-6/omega-3 ratio of 16.29. Alternative allele frequencies were 33%, 36%, and 51% for rs174593, rs174576, and rs174616, respectively. Addition of FADS2 alternative alleles was associated with lower plasma arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4 n-6, P < .001) and estimated desaturase-5 activity (P < .001), irrespective of gender, age, daily polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid intake, and obesity. The rs174576 association with AA withstood multiple testing and additional adjustments for other variants (multivariable-adjusted β = −1.14 [95% CI: −2.25, −0.43]). None of the variants was associated with dietary intake, serum lipids, or obesity. We observed inverse associations between FADS2 variants and plasma AA but not omega-3 fatty acids in Serbian subjects, with rs174576 exhibiting the strongest relation.     

The Role of FADS1/2 Polymorphisms on Cardiometabolic Markers and Fatty Acid Profiles in Young Adults Consuming Fish Oil Supplements

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids (FAs) known to influence cardiometabolic markers of health. Evidence suggests that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fatty acid desaturase 1 and 2 (FADS1/2) gene cluster may influence an individual’s response to n-3 FAs. This study examined the impact of a moderate daily dose of EPA and DHA fish oil supplements on cardiometabolic markers, FA levels in serum and red blood cells (RBC), and whether these endpoints were influenced by SNPs in FADS1/2. Young adults consumed fish oil supplements (1.8 g total EPA/DHA per day) for 12 weeks followed by an 8-week washout period. Serum and RBC FA profiles were analyzed every two weeks by gas chromatography. Two SNPs were genotyped: rs174537 in FADS1 and rs174576 in FADS2. Participants had significantly reduced levels of blood triglycerides (−13%) and glucose (–11%) by week 12; however, these benefits were lost during the washout period. EPA and DHA levels increased significantly in serum (+250% and +51%, respectively) and RBCs (+132% and +18%, respectively) within the first two weeks of supplementation and remained elevated throughout the 12-week period. EPA and DHA levels in RBCs only (not serum) remained significantly elevated (+37% and +24%, respectively) after the washout period. Minor allele carriers for both SNPs experienced greater increases in RBC EPA levels during supplementation; suggesting that genetic variation at this locus can influence an individual’s response to fish oil supplements.     

脂肪酸去饱和酶基因多态性对儿童脂肪酸构成和认知记忆的影响

目的探讨脂肪酸去饱和酶（FADS）多态性对学龄儿童红细胞膜多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)构成和认知记忆的影响。方法对参与补充DHA随机对照试验的8～12岁的南雄市坪田镇小学生进行基线问卷调查收集一般情况、膳食资料、体格测量并采集空腹血。采用数字广度测试和威斯康星卡片分类测试评估认知记忆功能。测定红细胞膜脂肪酸构成,提取血凝块DNA进行FADS4个位点的多态性分析。结果共调查106名三至五年级在校小学生,男生62人,女生44人,平均年龄为（9.17±1.03）岁。不同红细胞膜DHA的含量构成的调查对象认知记忆功能差异无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。FADS的4个位点相互间符合H-W平衡（0.409～0.970）。FADS rs174561基因型不同C18∶2、C18∶3（n-6）、C20∶5、总n-3、AA/LA、EPA/ALA的比例差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01或P＜0.05）。混合线性模型分析结果发现,完成分类数、概念化水平数、概念化水平mm+Mm基因型者高于MM基因型者（均P＜0.05）,mm+Mm基因型者总错误数和总错误率低于MM基因型者（均P＜0.05）。结论FADS多态性可影响学龄儿童体内PUFAs构成和认知记忆功能。