ELISA法检测人血清晚期糖基化终产物及在血液透析病人的应用

用牛血清ＡＧＥ（ＢＳＡ－ＡＧＥ）作为包被抗原，采用对氧化糖基化产物－Ｎ＾ε羧甲基赖氨酸（ＣＭＬ）特异的抗体（抗ＫＬＨ－ＡＧＥ）作为检测抗体，建立竞争ＥＬＩＳＡ检测系统。将该法和荧光分光光度法所测ＡＧＥ水平进行比较，并对１１７例长期血液透析（ＨＤ）病人的血清ＡＧＥ水平进行定量观察。结果显示：ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测血清ＡＧＥ的最低检测限为０．１μｇ／ｎｌ，平均批内变异系数（ＣＶ）为２．２％，批间ＣＶ为９．０％，回收率为９７％～１０７％。用该法 １１７例血透病人血清ＡＧＥ水平中位数为０．５μｇ／ｍｌ，而年龄匹配的正常人中仅有９．４％的血清ＡＧＥ含量〉０．１μｇ／ｍｌ。同时用ＥＬＩＳＡ法和荧光分光光度法检测４４例病人血清ＡＧＥ，两处方法所得结果相关非常显著（Ｐ〈０．０１）。上述结果表明，竞争ＥＬＩＥＡ法测定人血清ＡＧＥ水平，     

解脲支原体与男性不育的研究进展

解脲支原体主要寄生在泌尿生殖道。自Shepard首先从非淋病性尿道炎患者中分离出来，其致病作用一直引起人们的关注，尤其是在不育症中所起的作用更是引人注目[1]。近年来，越来越受到人们的高度重视，美国生育协会已提议把解脲支原体列为供精者精液检查的常规之一[2]。因此，有关解脲支原体感染与不育关系的研究也有了迅速的进展。一、泌尿生殖道中的解脲支原体在支原体中分离率较高，而且与泌尿生殖道疾病有关的是解脲支原体[3]。有研究表明，在330例生育与不有男性精液培养中，发现不育男性解脲支原体检出率（66．1％）显著高于生育男性…     

99Tcm-MIBI心肌断层显像用于直接PTCA及静脉溶栓治疗AMI的对比研究

目的　比较直接经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术（ 直接ＰＴＣＡ） 和静脉溶栓疗法在急性心肌梗死（ＡＭＩ） 治疗中的效果。方法　１２４ 例ＡＭＩ患者（ 直接ＰＴＣＡ组６０ 例,溶栓组６４ 例） 均于发病２ 周时和１２ 周后行９９Ｔｃｍ甲氧基异丁基异腈（ＭＩＢＩ）心肌断层显像,将左室心肌分为２０ 个节段,并对心肌摄取９９ＴｃｍＭＩＢＩ的程度进行打分,分别计算发病２ 周时心肌显像的总积分（Ｓ２ＷＳ） 、发病后１２ 周心肌显像的总积分（Ｓ１２ＷＳ）和两者相减的积分（ＳＤＳ）。直接ＰＴＣＡ组和溶栓组分别有３８ 人和３５ 人于心肌显像后行平衡法门控心室显像。结果　直接ＰＴＣＡ 组与溶栓组比较：Ｓ２ＷＳ为１８－３±６－９ 和２８－６ ±７－３（ｔ＝７－３,Ｐ＜ ０－００１）,Ｓ１２ＷＳ为１１－２ ±４－２ 和２４－４ ±６－２（ｔ＝ １１－７,Ｐ＜ ０－００１）,ＳＤＳ为７－６ ±３－２ 和４－３ ±１－１（ｔ＝ ５－４,Ｐ＜ ０－００１）。直接ＰＴＣＡ组和溶栓组入院２ 周时的左室射血分数（ＬＶＥＦ） 分别为（４１－４ ±６－５） ％ 和（３９－５ ±７－２）％ （ｔ＝ １－５ ,Ｐ＞ ０－０５）,出院１２ 周后的ＬＶＥＦ 分别为（６２－６ ±７－８）％ 和（５１－４ ±     

日本人群中HEV感染的血清学调查

应用纯化的ＨＥＶ（８７Ａ株）热灭活抗原进行ＥＬＩＳＡ试验，测定日本大阪地区收集的１４９例各种肝病患者急性血清中的抗ＨＥＶ抗体、获得１９份阳性（阳性率为１２．７％），其中单纯抗ＨＥＶ ＩｇＭ阳性１１份和抗ＨＥＶ ＩｇＧ阳性６份。两者都阳性的２份。     

胃排空动态显像中双核素标准餐的应用

目的研究１３１Ｉ小牛血清白蛋白（ＢＳＡ）和９９ｍＴｃＤＴＰＡ双核素胃排空动态显像的方法及探讨其临床应用价值。方法用前临时标记１３１ＩＢＳＡ和９９ｍＴｃＤＴＰＡ，配成１３１ＩＢＳＡ鸡蛋固体餐和９９ｍＴｃＤＴＰＡ水液体餐。固体餐经人胃液消化试验，检测标记物稳定性。检查３５例慢性胃炎病人和１０例健康志愿者的胃排空功能，其中２例在３天内进行了１３１ＩＢＳＡ鸡蛋餐和９９ｍＴｃ硫胶体（Ｓｃ）鸡肝餐两法对照，比较其相关性。结果１３１ＩＢＳＡ和９９ｍＴｃＳｃ在胃液中消化２小时，脱标率分别为３００％和５１６％；１３１ＩＢＳＡ鸡蛋餐法和９９ｍＴｃＳｃ鸡肝餐法相关性好，ｒ＝０９８９，Ｐ＜００１；对照组固相半排空时间（ＨＳＥＴ）为５８２±１７７分钟，液相半排空时间（ＨＬＥＴ）为２３５±９４分钟；病例组ＨＳＥＴ为９２５±２９６分钟，ＨＬＥＴ为３７２±１６６分钟；固相和液相两组差异均有显著性（ｔ＝３４７４和２４８５，Ｐ＜００１）。结论１３１ＩＢＳＡ鸡蛋餐、９９ｍＴｃＤＴＰＡ液体餐同时使用（双核素标准餐法）可为临床提供胃排空固体和液体食物的情况     

EA花环抑制试验检测反复自然流产患者血清中的Fc受体封闭抗体

用致敏牛红细胞（ＯＲＢＣ）建立ＥＡ花环抑制（ＥＡＩ）试验，检测了原发性、继发性反复自然流产（ＲＳＡ）患者，正常妊娠、正常已生育和未婚女性血清中的Ｆｃ受体封闭抗体（ＦｃＲ－Ｂａｂ）。结果：原发性ＲＳＡ为７．８３±８．９７％，继发性ＲＳＡ为３５．４７％±２７．４８％，正常妊娠为４２．１０±１４．２１％。正常已生育为４１．９３±２１．５４％。原发性ＲＳＡ患者ＦｃＲ－Ｂａｂ显著低于其他组（Ｐ＜０．０１），与未婚女性组近似（Ｐ＞０．０５）。而常规检测封闭抗体的抗夫淋巴细胞毒试验结果，在各组间未见显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。表明此法可作为对原发性ＲＳＡ的诊断、治疗和疗效观察的一项有意义指标。     

重度肺动脉高压心脏直视术后急性肺损伤的防治研究

目的：探讨先心病合并重度肺动脉高压围手术期应用中药红景天合剂开展早期防治术后急性肺损伤的可能性。方法：根据均衡配比和肺动脉高压分级标准将拟行手术的病例随机分为防治组（ Ｅ Ｇ） 与常规处理对照组（ Ｃ Ｇ） 。 Ｅ Ｇ 在常规术前准备同时开始应用红景天合剂 Ｒ Ｃ Ｏ（ 术前７ ～１０ ｄ ,术后５ ～７ ｄ） 。 Ｃ Ｇ 于住院后只按常规方法进行处理,两组按对应时间点进行各项预设指标检查。结果： Ｅ Ｇ 多项指标优于 Ｃ Ｇ, Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５ 或 Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１ 。 Ａ Ｒ Ｄ Ｓ发生率和死亡率 Ｅ Ｇ 依次为１／２２（４ ．５ ％ ） ,０／１ ; Ｃ Ｇ为５／２０（２５ ％ ） ,２／５（４０ ％ ） 。结论：藏药红景天合剂可能对创伤性大手术并发 Ａ Ｒ Ｄ Ｓ有一定的预防作用和研究价值。     

放射性核素心脏显像对SLE患者的临床应用

目的评价系统性红斑狼疮（ＳＬＥ）患者左心室功能。方法用平衡法门电路心室显像及心肌显像测定２０例正常人和３０例ＳＬＥ患者左室收缩和舒张功能。结果ＳＬＥ患者左室射血分数、相角程、高峰射血率、高峰充盈率分别为０５２±０１１、６０８９±１２１２°、３０８±０４８ＥＤＶ／ｓ和２８８±０４７ＥＤＶ／ｓ；正常对照组分别为０６８±００２、５３２５±５２６°、３６６±０５１ＥＤＶ／ｓ和３３４±０８８ＥＤＶ／ｓ。两组比较，ｔ值分别为４５０、３１１、５８０和４６０，Ｐ均＜００１。阳性率为４８６％，心肌显像阳性率为６４％；放射性核素心脏显像检测ＳＬＥ心肌损害的灵敏度为６３％，特异性为８５％。结论放射性核素心脏显像可以客观评价ＳＬＥ患者左心室功能，对发现ＳＬＥ心肌损害及指导治疗有一定意义。     

男性不育患者解脲脲原体感染与精子质量和抗精子抗体的关系

目的探讨解脲脲原体(Ureaplasma urealyticum,Uu)感染对男性不育患者精子质量和抗精子抗体(antisperm an-tibody,AsAb)的影响。方法对200例男性不育患者和100例健康对照者进行精液常规分析,并通过固体培养法-液体培养法进行支原体分离和鉴定,用混合抗球蛋白凝集试验检测AsAb。结果在不育组,支原体的检出率为47.5%,以Uu为主,高于健康对照组(21%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Uu阳性不育组中,精子密度为(57.05±33.61)×106/ml,显著低于Uu阴性组和健康对照组(P<0.01);精子总活力和前向运动精子分别为(42.77±21.53)%和(29.71±20.45)%,与Uu阴性组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Uu阳性不育组精液AsAb阳性率为38.9%,高于Uu阴性不育组(18.1%)和健康对照组(7.5%),差异有统计学意义。结论男性不育患者精液中Uu检出率较高,Uu感染可导致精子质量下降和AsAb的产生。     

红细胞乙酰胆碱酯酶动力学法自动化测定

目的：建立适用于测定实验动物红细胞乙酰胆碱酯酶（ＡＣｈＥ）活性的自动化动力学法。方法：根据Ｗｈｉｔａｋｅｒ法稍加修改，编制适用于自动生化仪的ＡＣｈＥ动力学法分析程序，并作方法学性能评价。结果：在本法条件下，酶反应吸光度和时间之间的线性可达≥５ｍｉｎ；ＡＣｈＥ活性在２１０Ｕ／Ｌ范围内，呈线性关系，最低检测限为≤１．５Ｕ／Ｌ；批内和批间ＣＶ分别为１．１％～１．７％和３．０％～４．５％；正常参考值（ｘ±ｓ，ｋＵ／ＬＲＢＣ）：恒河猴１１．９０±１．７４（ｎ＝１９），比格狗１．８１±０．４７（ｎ＝４５），ＳＤ大鼠０．９７±０．２０（ｎ＝３０）。结论：自动化动力学法测定红细胞ＡＣｈＥ简便，精密度高，尤其适用于大鼠和狗等动物红细胞低活性ＡＣｈＥ测定。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）