顺铂缓释多囊脂质体的制备和体外释放性能研究

目的 制备包封率高和缓释作用好的顺铂缓释多囊脂质体,并与反相蒸发法制备的顺铂普通脂质体比较其体外释药性能。方法 用复乳法制备顺铂多囊脂质体,非火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定顺铂含量,磷脂酶试剂法测定脂质体中磷脂的浓度。测定包封率和体外释药性。结果顺铂多囊脂质体平均粒径为16.6 μm,跨距为1.0。顺铂包封率可高达80%以上。顺铂缓释多囊脂质体的体外释药符合一级释药规律, 释药t_1/2为37.7 h,比反相蒸发法制备的顺铂普通脂质体延长8.4倍。经差示热分析发现辅助膜稳定剂有明显的膜稳定作用。结论顺铂多囊脂质体包封率高,并具有良好的缓释作用。     

透明质酸介导姜黄素靶向脂质体的制备及质量评价

目的 制备透明质酸-姜黄素脂质体(HA-CUR-L),并考察其包封率及质量评价.方法 采用逆相蒸发法制备HA-CUR-L,测定其包封率、HA结合率、形态分布、粒径及体外释放度.结果 脂质体平均包封率为88.75％,HA结合率为71.69％;脂质体平均粒径为160 nm;36 h后,累计释药量为82.26％.结论 选用逆相蒸发法制备HA-CUR-L,处方合理,工艺简便可行,包封率高.     

盐酸利多卡因多囊脂质体的制备和质量评价

目的:制备具有缓释特性的盐酸利多卡因多囊脂质体,考察其理化性质。方法:以卵磷脂和胆固醇为膜材,采用复乳法制备盐酸利多卡因多囊脂质体,用透射电镜观察其外观形态,用激光粒度分析仪测定粒径,检测包封率和体外释药特性。结果:盐酸利多卡因多囊脂质体的外观形态圆整、规则,粒径分布在300～700nm及1～6μm两区域,包封率为(27.10±0.66)%。多囊脂质体在pH 7.4的磷酸盐缓冲液中,24h的累积释药百分率为(92.7±3.6)%。结论:盐酸利多卡因多囊脂质体具有一定的缓释特性。     

海带多糖脂质体的制备与质量评价

目的 制备海带多糖脂质体，并进行质量评价.方法 采用逆相蒸发法制备海带多糖脂质体,并对其制剂的形态学、载药量、体外释药特性、包封率和粒径分布等性质进行了研究考察. 结果 研制的脂质体包封率＞35.00%,平均粒径为75 nm,粒度分布均匀,体外释放效果优于普通制剂,透射显微镜下观察脂质体为均匀的球状或近球状小囊泡.结论 该实验研制的海带多糖脂质体达到实验要求,为海带多糖脂质体的研制提供了参考.     

5-氟尿嘧啶脂质体凝胶剂的制备和评价

目的 研制5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)脂质体凝胶剂,并进行质量评价.方法 采用逆相蒸发-冻融法制备5-Fu脂质体,再用卡波普为基质制成凝胶剂;以离心法测定脂质体的包封率;以体外经皮渗透释药法,比较5-Fu脂质体凝胶剂及5-Fu普通凝胶剂中的经皮渗透作用.结果 5-Fu脂质体平均粒径为2.16±0.30μm,平均包封率为(56.17±2.52)%;体外透皮实验中,脂质体凝胶剂24h的药物浓度为158.6 mg·mL-1,明显高于普通凝胶剂91.2mg·mL-1.结论 载药脂质体凝胶剂可显著减少药物经皮吸收,可维持较长释药时间.     

奥沙利铂脂质体的制备及体外释药研究

目的：制备一种包封率较高的奥沙利铂脂质体,并考察该脂质体的体外性质。方法采用多种方法制备奥沙利铂脂质体,通过单因素试验和正交试验最终确定脂质体处方。采用高效液相色谱法检测脂质体包封率, ZetaPlus 激光粒度分析仪测定脂质体粒径。同时,采用高效液相色谱法、原子吸收光谱法两种方法考察了该脂质体的体外释放情况。结果与薄膜分散法和 pH 梯度法相比,通过逆相蒸发法制备得到的了奥沙利铂脂质体包封率更高;在此基础上进行的处方筛选试验确定了最优处方工艺为药脂比1∶7.5,胆磷比1∶2,超声功率195 W,超声时间3 min;体外释放试验结果表明,通过高效液相色谱法和原子吸收光谱法测定的奥沙利铂脂质体24 h 的累计释放率分别为25.0%和33.6%。结论通过逆相蒸发法制备得到的奥沙利铂脂质体包封率高,且具有较高的稳定性和一定的缓释作用。     

P物质多囊脂质体的制备工艺优化及相关性质考察

目的:优化P物质多囊脂质体的制备工艺,并考察其相关性质。方法:复乳法制备P物质多囊脂质体,以包封率为指标,磷脂与胆固醇的摩尔比(A)、超声乳化时间(B)、初乳与二相小的体积比(C)、辅助乳化剂的浓度(D)为因素进行正交试验设计,优化其制备条件;对优化条件所制脂质体进行包封率、粒径分布、体外释药性能、相转变温度和熔点的考察。结果:优化制备条件A为2:1,B为30 s,C为1:2,D为2%;所制多囊脂质体包封率可达85%,粒径分布为0.75～27.75μm,在生理盐水中释药t_(1/2)=11 h,可持续72 h释药,相转变温度为34℃,熔点为110℃。结论:所制P物质多囊脂质体包封率高,物理性能稳定,是一种较为理想的缓释制剂。     

酪丝亮肽多囊脂质体的制备和体外释放研究

目的:制备酪丝亮肽多囊脂质体,并考察其体外释药性能。方法:采用复乳法制备酪丝亮肽多囊脂质体,RP-HPLC法测定酪丝亮肽含量,以稳定性、包封率和体外释放为指标,正交试验设计法对酪丝亮肽多囊脂质体处方工艺进行优化。结果:酪丝亮肽多囊脂质体粒径均一,有80%的粒径分布在20~30μm,包封率达92.43%。酪丝亮肽多囊脂质体体外释放符合Korsmeyer-Peppas模型,37℃条件下在PBS介质中释药t1/2达111.5 h。结论:酪丝亮肽多囊脂质体稳定性好,包封率高,具有良好的缓释效果。     

甘草酸二铵脂质体的制备及其性质的研究

目的:研究甘草酸二铵阳离子脂质体的制备方法和脂质体的性质。方法:采用均匀设计筛选最佳处方,逆相蒸发法制备甘草酸二铵脂质体;葡聚糖凝胶柱法测定其包封率;用透射电镜观察脂质体的外观形态,马尔文测定仪测定脂质体的粒径和Zeta电位;并用溶出度第3法考察了脂质体的释放规律。结果:制得脂质体的包封率约为(56±1．54)%(n=3);脂质体的形态为粒径均匀的球形或近球形,粒径为(183±9)nm(n=3),Zeta电位为(22．8±6)mV(n=3);脂质体的体外释药符合Higuchi方程;具有较好的稳定性。结论:采用逆相蒸发法,添加十八胺可制得具有较高包封率及稳定性的甘草酸二铵阳离子脂质体,制得脂质体的体外释放具有缓释特点。     

头孢匹胺钠脂质体的制备及其理化性质研究

目的：制备头孢匹胺钠脂质体并进行质量评价。方法：采用逆相蒸发法制备头孢匹胺钠脂质体,在单因素考察基础上,以药脂比（A）、磷脂与胆固醇质量比（B）、有机相（乙醚）与水相体积比（C）、超声时间（D）为因素,以包封率为考察指标,按Lq（3‘）正交试验设计表优化最佳处方和工艺,并进行处方验证;考察脂质体的形态,测定其粒径、Zeta电位、包封率、栽药量和72h体外累积释放度并进行模型拟合。结果：正交试验设计优化的A为1：6、B为5：1、C为4：1、D为5min,验证试验证明处方合理;所得的脂质体为封闭的多层囊状或圆球体,大小均匀,平均粒径为（7．146±O．29）gm,Zeta电位为一11．75mV,包封率为（82．10±4．21）％,载药量为（愠42±O．67）％;72h体外累积释放度为76．84％,体外释药行为符合We~bull模型（r=0．9910）。结论：采用逆相蒸发法制备的头孢匹胺钠脂质体,包封率较高,体外释药有明显的缓释效果。     

硫酸阿米卡星多囊脂质体的制备及评价

目的 制备硫酸阿米卡星多囊脂质体(amikacin sulfate multivesicular liposomes, AMK-MVLs),对其进行质量评 价,并考察了其体外抗菌活性。方法 采用复乳法制备AMK-MVLs混悬液Ⅰ,Box-Behnken效应面法优化筛选最佳处方,采 用生理盐水洗涤后调整药物浓度得AMK-MVLs混悬液。采用光学显微镜、激光粒度仪、差示扫描量热(differential scanning calorimeter,DSC)考察制剂的理化性质,采用透析法考察其体外释放规律,通过微量稀释法初步考察其体外抗菌活性。结 果 优化得到AMK-MVLs混悬液Ⅰ的最佳处方为：大豆磷脂与胆固醇质量比为1.91:1,三油酸甘油酯用量为1.02%,PVA用量为 0.62%。AMK-MVLs呈堆叠有无数囊泡的非同心球状,AMK-MVLs混悬液包封率(87.12±1.55)%,平均粒径为11.93 μm。DSC 结果表明,AMK以无定型状态存在于脂质体内。体外释放结果显示AMK-MVLs混悬液在72 h时释药约80%。体外溶血实验表 明,AMK-MVLs脂质体粒子浓度低于400 μg/mL时无溶血风险。体外抗菌实验结果显示,相较于AMK溶液,AMK-MVLs混悬液对E. coli、 P. aeruginosa、S. aureus 3种细菌具有更好的抗菌效果。结论 成功制备了一种硫酸阿米卡星多囊脂质体,其粒径分布均匀、包 封率高,释药规律符合Higuchi动力学模型,具有增强的抗菌活性。     

Multivesicular liposomes bearing celecoxib-beta-cyclodextrin complex for transdermal delivery

In our work depot delivery systems of celecoxib were developed using multivesicular liposomes. Moreover, the solubility of celecoxib was enhanced by complexing drug with cyclodextrin to overcome the limitation of conventional therapy. The multivesicular liposomes (MVLs) bearing celecoxib-β -cyclodextrin inclusion complex were prepared by reverse phase evaporation method, and multilamellar vesicles (MLVs)-bearing drug complex was prepared by the cast film method. The formulations were characterized for vesicle size, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro drug release. In vivo performance of multivesicular liposomes bearing celecoxib-β -cyclodextrin inclusion complex was evaluated by assessing anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema volume method. The results were compared with that of celecoxib-cyclodextrin complex and MLVs containing celecoxib-β -cyclodextrin inclusion complex in equal amounts. Phase solubility studies for the celecoxib-β -cyclodextrin inclusion complex clearly indicated an increase in aqueous solubility of celecoxib with an increase in β -CD concentration. The in vitro release studies reveal that MLVs release more than 80% drug within 48 hr whereas MVL formulations release nearly the same amount of drug in 120 hr. In vivo data reveal that reduction in paw volume with MVL formulation was not rapid and fast, but the effect was maintained for prolonged periods, and even after 24 hr there was 40.7 ± 3.40% reduction in paw volume. MVL formulation showed more sustained and prolonged anti-inflammatory effect compared with plain drug and MLVs. We concluded that multivesicular liposome can be successfully utilized for the sustained delivery of celecoxib.     

阿昔洛韦多囊脂质体的制备工艺优选

目的:制备包封率高、稳定性好的阿昔洛韦(ACV)多囊脂质体。方法:采用复乳法制备ACV多囊脂质体,以包封率为指标,以润滑剂三油酸甘油酯量(A)、药脂比(B)、缓冲液的pH值(C)及辅助乳化剂吐温-80的用量(D)为因素,设计正交试验优选工艺;采用紫外分光光度法测定其中主药含量并计算包封率;考察优选工艺所制制剂不同条件下7d内包封率的变化并计算渗漏率。结果:最佳工艺为A0.50g、B5∶150、C6.5、D0.40g,所制多囊脂质体包封率为85.82%,常温条件下贮存7d渗漏率为5.84%。结论:采用优选工艺制备的ACV多囊脂质体方法简单,包封率较高,常温下较稳定。     

Preparation of novel double liposomes using the glass-filter method

The glass-filter method, a newly developed preparative method for liposomes, was applied for preparation of novel double liposomes. Double liposomes were prepared by filtering a suspension of liposomes prepared using a G4 filter (pore size: 10-16 microm) into a G3 filter (pore size: 40-100 microm) coated with a similar lipid layer. The morphological structure of the double liposomes was confirmed using scanning electron microscopy by the freeze-fracture method to be multivesicular vesicles consisting of small liposomes enveloped in larger liposomes. The diameter of liposomes prepared using the G4 filter was 0.8-2 microm and that of liposomes prepared using the G3 filter or double liposomes was 5-10 microm. These results suggested that the particle size of liposomes is dependent on the pore size of the glass-filter. The encapsulation efficiencies of double liposomes for brilliant blue FCF (BB) and erythrosine (ER) were higher than those of liposomes prepared by the standard Bangham method. Double liposomes showed suppressed release of BB or ER compared with normal liposomes. In particular, no release of BB was observed from the double liposomes prepared with stearylamine. These findings implied that the outer lipid layer protects the inner liposomes. The glass-filter method is the only method that we can get the double liposomes in a short period, and double liposomes prepared by this novel method had adequate size and good stability in vitro.     

溴新斯的明多囊脂质体的制备及其体外释放行为的初步研究

目的:制备溴新斯的明多囊脂质体(NB-MVL),并对其体外药物释放行为进行考察。方法:采用复乳法制备载药多囊脂质体,并用单因素试验优化处方,以动态透析技术与ƒ₂相似因子评价法对NB-MVL与溴新斯的明在体外不同释放介质中的释放行为进行研究,计算其药物释放度与相似因子。结果:NB-MVL的包封率受投料比、药物浓度等因素影响;NB-MVL在不同的释放介质中所获得的释放模型均符合Weibull模型,同时与溴新斯的明溶液在不同释放介质中所得累积释放曲线间的相似因子小于50。结论:本试验制备所得NB-MVL包封率较高,且体外药物释放行为与溴新斯的明存在显著性差异,表现出良好的缓释作用。     

米非司酮脂质体的制备及性质考察

目的研制米非司酮脂质体。方法采用薄膜分散法制备米非司酮脂质体,应用葡聚糖凝胶法测定包封率,并考察该脂质体的形态、粒径、稳定性和体外释放特性。结果所制备的米非司酮脂质体包封率达85．2％,平均粒径为112．7nm,4℃冷藏保存3个月稳定性良好,具有体外缓释作用。结论米非司酮脂质体制备工艺简单可行,脂质体制剂学性质稳定。     

离子载体A23187介导pH梯度法制备重酒石酸长春瑞滨长循环脂质体

目的:采用A23187制备重酒石酸长春瑞滨长循环脂质体,优化了处方工艺,并考察了含量、包封率、药脂比和体外释放等检测指标。方法:采用A23187介导的pH梯度法制备了重酒石酸长春瑞滨脂质体;用HPLC法检测了脂质体中重酒石酸长春瑞滨的含量和脂质(HSPC)的含量,考察了药脂比;采用阳离子交换树脂分离脂质体和游离药物,HPLC法检测包封率;以4 mmol.L-1NH4Cl-PBS(pH 7.4)为体外释放介质考察了脂质体的体外释放行为。结果:重酒石酸长春瑞滨脂质体包封率为96.1%,药脂比为1∶5(w/w);高药脂比有利于延长药物体外释放的时间。结论:采用A23187介导的pH梯度法制备重酒石酸长春瑞滨脂质体工艺可行、载药量大、包封率高;所建立体外释放的检测方法快速、准确。