原发性肝癌患者AFP浓度与临床特点及预后的相关性

目的 甲胎蛋白(alpha fetoprotein,AFP)是原发性肝癌(primary liver cancer,PLC)诊断的最主要的特异性标志物,但能否用于高危人群的早期发现以及帮助预后管理,仍存在争议.本研究探讨我国肝癌高发区顺德地区血清中AFP浓度的升高与PLC病例的临床特点及术后复发的关系,为临床诊治提供依据.方法 收集2010-09-01-2014-10-01在顺德第一人民医院确诊为PLC患者601例,采用非条件Logistic回归模型探讨影响血清AFP浓度升高的临床特征因素,并分析血清AFP浓度与肝癌术后复发的关系.结果 在601例PLC患者中,64.6％的肝癌患者(n=388)AFP浓度升高(AFP＞20 μg/L).经多因素模型分析显示,在校正了性别、年龄后,乙肝感染史(OR=2.43,95％CI=1.62～3.66)、门静脉癌栓形成(OR=2.34,95％CI=1.54～3.56)、手术治疗史(OR=0.51,95％CI=0.33～0.78)和TACE治疗史(OR=1.72,95％CI=1.19～2.50)仍与AFP浓度升高(AFP＞400 μg/L)有相关性.此外,术前血清中AFP升高(＞400 μg/L)可显增加肝癌术后1年复发风险(OR=2.78,95％CI=1.29～6.01).结论 HBV感染和门静脉癌栓形成是AFP升高的独立预测因素,AFP＞400 μg/L的肝癌有较差的肝脏背景和较大的肿瘤负荷,而术前AFP＞400 μg/L可能预示术后肝癌复发.     

肝动脉化疗栓塞序贯微波消融治疗初治大肝癌1年内复发的影响因素分析

目的:研究并探讨经肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)联合微波消融(MWA)治疗大肝癌(含巨块型肝癌)1年内局部复发的影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2013年1月至2016年6月151例行TACE联合WMA治疗的初治大肝癌患者为研究对象,收集患者治疗前后住院资料及随访资料,通过单因素分析及Logistic 回归分析探求TACE联合MWA治疗大肝癌1年内局部复发的影响因素。结果:151例患者平均行TACE治疗(1.48±0.43)次、WMA治疗 (1.23±0.16)次;联合治疗1个月后,客观缓解率(ORR) 、疾病控制率(DCR)分别为80.8%、92.7%;治疗1年内局部复发率为45.7%;复发组与未复发组在瘤体最大直径、合并门静脉癌栓(PVTT)、肝门淋巴结转移、术前甲胎蛋白(AFP)水平、毗邻危险区域、病毒载量、靶向治疗7方面差异显著(P＜0.05)。多因素分析显示:瘤体最大直径(OR7.5~10 cm=3.935;OR＞10 cm=6.379)、术前合并门静脉癌栓(OR=7.877)、术前AFP≥400 ng/ml(OR=3.411)是TACE联合WMA治疗大肝癌术后1年内复发的独立危险因素(P均＜0.05),术后服用索拉菲尼则是复发的独立保护因素(OR=0.119)(P＜0.05)。结论:术前AFP≥400 ng/ml、瘤体最大直径超过7.5 cm、合并门静脉癌栓是TACE联合WMA治疗大肝癌短期内复发的预测因子,而术后联合靶向治疗有助于降低短期复发率。     

可切除大肝癌TACE后手术切除标本的病理研究

目的 探讨可切除大肝癌TACE后手术切除标本的病理改变及其意义。方法 2002年1月～2003年1月收治的83例可切除大肝癌患者随机分成术前TACE组(36例)与一期手术组(47例)，术前TACE组31例二期切除(二期手术组)，5例失去手术切除机会，78例术后病理均证实为肝细胞癌。对比两组标本间主瘤、包膜、子灶、癌栓、肝硬化等病理情况。结果 TACE组除较一期手术组肿瘤坏死广泛、包膜更完整外，两组间子灶及门脉癌栓发生率、肝外浸润转移无显著差异；TACE组TACE后肿瘤体积缩小并不显著，子灶、门脉癌栓完全坏死者少，肝硬化加重。结论 可切除大肝癌术前TACE不能使肿瘤完全坏死，部分患者耽误手术时机，应严格选择应用。     

可切除大肝癌TACE后手术切除标本的病理研究(英文)

目的探讨可切除大肝癌 TACE 后手术切除标本的病理改变及其意义。方法 2002年1月～2003年1月收治的83例可切除大肝癌患者随机分成术前 TACE 组(36例)与一期手术组(47例),术前 TACE组31例二期切除(二期手术组),5例失去手术切除机会,78例术后病理均证实为肝细胞癌。对比两组标本间主瘤、包膜、子灶、癌栓、肝硬化等病理情况。结果 TACE 组除较一期手术组肿瘤坏死广泛、包膜更完整外,两组间子灶及门脉癌栓发生率、肝外浸润转移无显著差异;TACE 组TACE 后肿瘤体积缩小并不显著,子灶、门脉癌栓完全坏死者少,肝硬化加重。结论可切除大肝癌术前 TACE 不能使肿瘤完全坏死,部分患者耽误手术时机,应严格选择应用。     

原发性肝细胞癌R0切除术后肝外转移患者生存分析

目的分析原发性肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)患者R0切除术后肝外转移的生存时间和影响因素。方法回顾性分析2001-01-2010-12青岛大学附属医院收治的597例行R0切除术的原发性HCC患者临床资料和随访结果。Logistic回归分析术后肝外转移复发较单纯肝内复发的独立危险因素;Kaplan-Meier(Log-rank检验)分析不同部位肝外转移患者的预后。结果肝内复发组中位生存时间18.0个月,显著长于肝外转移复发组的8.0个月,χ2=25.2,P<0.001。经Logistic回归分析,年龄>60岁(OR=2.555,P=0.003)、肿瘤直径>5cm(OR=2.094,P=0.027)、肿瘤亚临床破裂型(OR=6.407,P=0.010)和血管癌栓(OR=5.267,P=0.003)为发生肝外转移的独立危险因素。单因素分析显示,与肝内复发组比较,肝外转移组中肿瘤亚临床破裂型(χ2=8.261,P=0.004)、HBsAg或Anti-HCV阳性(χ2=6.011,P=0.014)、谷丙转氨酶≤60U/L(χ2=5.064,P=0.024)、肿瘤侵及肝被膜(χ2=11.778,P=0.001)的患者显著增多。Logistic回归分析显示,与单纯肝内复发相比,肿瘤亚临床破裂型(OR=3.298,P=0.008)、谷丙转氨酶≤60U/L(OR=2.022,P=0.024)、肿瘤侵及肝被膜(OR=2.636,P=0.003)是发生肝外转移的独立危险因素。肝外转移最常见的脏器为肺、腹腔、骨骼和肾上腺等,其中接受手术切除、射频消融和索拉非尼等治疗患者的复发后生存时间高于仅对症治疗者。结论患者高龄、肿瘤大小、血管癌栓和肿瘤亚临床破裂与肝癌切除术后肝外转移的发生密切相关;对术后发生肝外转移患者,早期发现和治疗可提高患者复发后生存时间。     

原发性肝癌患者术后早期复发转移的影响因素分析

目的 探讨影响原发性肝癌患者术后早期复发转移的危险因素,为延长患者的生存时间及临床治疗提供依据.方法 回顾性分析200例原发性肝癌患者的临床资料,对术后复发转移的危险因素进行Logistic回归分析.结果 200例患者中,120例(60%)出现了术后复发转移.术前肝硬化、包膜不完整、多结节融合、有门静脉肉眼癌栓、肝门总阻断时间>15 min是原发性肝癌患者术后复发转移的危险因素.结论 原发性肝癌患者术后早期复发转移率较高,对于术前有肝硬化、包膜不完整、多结节融合、有门静脉肉眼癌栓及肝门总阻断时间较长的患者,需加强术后复诊和康复治疗.     

肝癌术后预防性肝动脉化疗栓塞对延缓复发的意义

[目的]了解预防性肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)在延缓肝癌手术后复发方面的作用.[方法]对823例行根治性切除并经病理证实为肝细胞癌患者进行随访分析.其中126例患者手术后行预防性TACE,将可能影响原发性肝癌术后复发的观察指标包括性别、年龄、术前AFP、有无癌栓、手术切缘、手术前肿瘤是否破裂、肿瘤大小、肿瘤有无子灶、肿瘤包膜情况、手术后有无行预防性TACE等,用Cox模型分析各因素与复发时间之间的关系.所有数据经SAS6.12和SPSS统计软件处理分析.[结果]年龄小、有癌栓、手术前肿瘤有破裂、肿瘤体积大和肿瘤周围有子灶等因素使肝癌手术后复发时间提前,保证较大手术切缘距离和手术后行预防性TACE可延缓肝癌手术后复发.预防性TACE可明显降低肝癌患者术后2年的复发率.[结论]对有早期复发病理学征象的肝癌患者行预防性TACE治疗可能延缓术后肿瘤复发.     

原发性肝癌TACE术后血管改变及复发转移的因素分析

目的探讨原发性肝癌TACE术后血管改变及复发转移的影响因素.方法将148例原发性肝癌出现复发转移的患者设为复发转移组.另选取同期收治的148例原发性肝癌未出现复发转移的患者设为无复发转移组.2组均采取TACE术治疗.分析2组患者临床资料之间存在的差异,以及肝外侧支循环发生率、肝动脉狭窄闭塞发生率与介入治疗次数的关系,并对影响复发转移的相关因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析.结果复发转移组患者肝外侧支循环及肝动脉狭窄闭塞的发生率均随着介入治疗次数的增多而呈不断升高的趋势.经单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析发现,肝硬化、肿瘤大小、包膜是否完整、分化程度、是否存在多结节融合等5个变量是影响原发性肝癌TACE术后复发转移的独立危险因素（P〈0.05）.结论原发性肝癌TACE术后的复发转移与肝硬化、肿瘤大小、包膜是否完整、分化程度、是否存在多结节融合、栓塞是否彻底、侧支循环的建立及肝动脉狭窄闭塞等因素密切相关.     

原发性肝癌患者手术治疗远期疗效的影响因素

目的探讨原发性肝癌患者手术治疗远期疗效的影响因素.方法413例原发性肝癌并行肝部分切除术患者,剔除失访的41例后,对其余372例患者的远期生存状况进行观察,并对其相关影响因素进行分析.结果5年生存率为14.78%（55/372）,余317例死亡患者,根据术后是否存在复发转移分为复发转移组（n=194）与非复发转移组（n=123）.两组患者在有无乙肝及肝硬化、肿瘤大小、包膜完整与否、分化程度、是否存在血管癌栓及多结节融合等方面相对比,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;两组患者在术中出血量、输血情况、手术时间及肝门阻断时间、手术切缘、是否存在血管侵犯及肿瘤破裂等方面比较,差异并无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.经Logistic回归分析发现,乙肝、肝硬化、肿瘤大小、包膜完整与否、分化程度、多结节融合及血管癌栓是否存在,为影响原发性肝癌患者术后复发转移的独立危险因素（P〈0.05）.结论复发转移是影响患者远期生存状况的重要因素,而乙肝、肝硬化、肿瘤大小、包膜完整与否、分化程度、多结节融合及血管癌栓是否存在,为影响原发性肝癌患者术后复发转移的独立危险因素.     

食管胃交界部癌胸腔纵隔及腹腔淋巴结转移的危险因素

目的 探讨食管胃交界部癌(carcinoma of esophagogastric junction,CEJ)发生腹腔及胸腔纵隔淋巴结转移的危险因素,以指导是否清扫胸腔纵隔淋巴结.方法 采用回顾性研究分析行食管胃交界部癌根治术的217例患者,分析术前胃镜及术后病理检查结果.结果 淋巴结转移阳性数目是发生胸腔纵隔淋巴结转移独立的危险因素,且淋巴结转移数目每增加1个,纵隔淋巴结发生转移风险增加34.0％(OR=1.340,95％ CI:1.090 ～1.648;P=0.006);脉管瘤栓(OR=5.83,95％ CI:1.65～20.62,P=0.006)、浸润深度T(OR=2.35,95％ CI:1.30～4.24,P=0.005)和上侵食管长度(OR=1.29,95％ CI:1.02～ 1.63,P=0.033)是发生腹腔淋巴结转移的独立危险因素,而且上侵及食管每增加1 cm,发生腹腔淋巴结转移的风险增加29.0％.结论 浸润深度越深、存在脉管瘤栓且上侵及食管越多的食管胃交界部癌患者发生腹腔淋巴结转移的风险越高.淋巴结转移数目越多,纵隔淋巴结发生转移的风险加大.     

肺癌根治术后胸部并发症及其危险因素分析

目的:本文旨在探讨肺癌术后胸部并发症的影响因素,为临床提供更多的循证医学证据.方法:回顾性分析2014年6月至2016年3月在中国医科大学附属盛京医院胸外科行肺叶切除术、系统淋巴结清扫术,术后病理证实为Ⅰ-Ⅲ期肺癌患者的临床资料.按照是否发生胸部并发症分为两组,分析比较两组患者的特征.对两组患者的一般资料、术前合并症、术前检查、手术情况等进行单因素分析,对有显著性差异的结果纳入二元Logistic回归方程进行多因素分析.结果:对单因素分析具有统计学差异的指标进行二元Logistic回归多因素分析,结果显示患者年龄(OR=1.053,95％ CI:1.02 ～1.088,P=0.002)、手术部位(P =0.024)、手术方式(OR=2.257,95％ CI:1.287～3.957,P=0.005)及手术持续时间(OR=1.007,95％ CI:1.002～1.011,P =0.004)与无并发症组相比具有统计学差异(P＜0.05).结论:患者年龄、手术部位、手术方式及手术持续时间是肺癌术后发生胸部并发症的危险因素.     

Diabetes mellitus and postoperative blood glucose value help predict posthepatectomy liver failure in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

BackgroundMany complications after hepatectomy can lead to perioperative death, among which posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is the leading one. Existing studies suggest that one of the most important risk factors for PHLF is cirrhosis. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an important factor in the occurrence of cirrhosis, and the exact relationship between HBV infection and PHLF is not obvious. Diabetes mellitus and postoperative blood glucose are closely associated with liver regeneration, but its exact relationship with PHLF remains unclear.MethodsWe collected clinical indicators from 920 adult patients treated at the Liver Surgery and Transplantation Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from April 2009 and April 2019. We conducted a univariate analysis find out the risk factors of PHLF, follow by a multivariate analysis to ascertain the independent risk factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive efficiency of each risk factor.ResultsFollowing hepatectomy, 205 (22.2%) of patients were diagnosed with PHLF. Several variables were confirmed to related with PHLF significantly: diabetes [P<0.01, odds ratio (OR) =10.845, 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.450–21.579], HBV (P<0.01, OR =0.345, 95% CI: 0.187–0.635), blood glucose on the first postoperative day (post-BG1) (P=0.027, OR =1.059, 95% CI: 1.006–1.115), blood glucose on the third postoperative day (post-BG3) (P=0.021, OR =1.085, 95% CI: 1.012–1.162), blood glucose on the fifth postoperative day (post-BG5) (P=0.014, OR =1.119, 95% CI: 1.023–1.225), postoperative total bilirubin (post-TB) (P<0.01, OR =1.160, 95% CI: 1.133–1.187), and liver cirrhosis (P<0.01, OR =0.982, 95% CI: 0.561–1.717) identified to be independent risk factors of PHLF.ConclusionsDiabetes, HBV, post-BG1, post-BG3, and post-BG5 are related to the development of PHLF, and diabetes and post-BG can be used as predictors of the development of PHLF in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).     

Clinical study on risk factors related to postoperative recurrence or metastasis of rectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study

BackgroundRectal cancer is usually treated by surgery, but recurrence or metastasis seriously affect the quality of life and survival of patients. Identifying the risk factors for postoperative recurrence or metastasis of rectal cancer has important guiding value for the treatment of rectal cancer. However, the research on risk factors of postoperative recurrence or metastasis of rectal cancer has not been unified.MethodsThe data of all patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery in The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, from 2016 to 2020 were collected and analyzed. A total of 185 patients were included for statistical analysis and were divided into a recurrence or metastasis group and a non-recurrence or metastasis group. Patients were followed up according to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines by enhanced CT or MRI, and colonoscopy. The cut-off of the research was recurrence, metastasis, or death. Logistic regression analysis and Cox regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors related to postoperative recurrence or metastasis of rectal cancer, and the survival curve was drawn.ResultsMultiple logistic regression analysis showed involvement of the mesorectal fascia (MRF) [OR (odds ratio) =2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16–7.29, P=0.023], nerve and vascular invasion (OR =1.7, 95% CI: 1.08–2.59, P=0.022), intraoperative blood transfusion (OR =3.7, 95% CI: 1.45–9.40, P=0.006), and Dukes staging (OR =2.3, 95% CI: 1.26–4.35, P=0.007) were independent risk factors for postoperative recurrence or metastasis of rectal cancer. Involvement of mesenteric fascia infiltration (OR =11.5, 95% CI: 1.49–88.79, P=0.019) and Dukes stage (OR =3.0, 95% CI: 1.46–6.26, P=0.003) were independent risk factors for liver metastasis, while nerve and vascular invasion (OR =2.4, 95% CI: 1.19–5.00, P=0.015) was an independent risk factor for pulmonary metastasis.ConclusionsPostoperative recurrence or metastasis of rectal cancer is related to many factors. These findings have clinical guiding value and significance for the follow up and prognosis of patients with rectal cancer after surgery. Large-scale prospective clinical studies are needed.     

原发性肝癌外科治疗方式选择及术后肿瘤复发防治相关性研究

目的 比较原发性肝癌患者肝切除术和肝移植术的长期疗效,探讨肝脏功能良好的早期肝癌患者肝切除术后复发的影响因素.方法 选取原发性肝癌患者77例,其中70例肝切除患者,7例肝移植患者;采用SPSS 20.0统计学软件分析肝切除患者和肝移植患者的生存疗效及肝功能Child-Pugh A级患者的肝切除术后复发的影响因素.结果 肝移植组合并肝硬化患者比率显著高于肝切除组(P=0.015);肝切除组肝功能Child-Pugh分级与肝移植组肝功能Child-Pugh分级的差异具有统计学意义(P=0.008);肝移植组患者术前接受TACE治疗比率显著高于肝切除组(P=0.003).两组患者在性别、年龄、乙肝感染、肿瘤大小、肿瘤分化程度及术后辅助化疗等方面均无统计学差异(P>0.05);肝移植组患者的术后并发症发生率、术中出血量及术中输血率均显著高于肝切除组(P<0.001);但两组患者在围手术期医院死亡率、二次手术率方面比较无显著差异(P>0.05);肝移植组患者的无瘤生存率明显优于肝切除组(P=0.041);单因素分析结果显示:乙肝病毒感染、重度肝硬化、血小板<100×109/L、甲胎蛋白>100 ng/ml和肿瘤中低分化是影响Child-Pugh A级直径≤5 cm的单个小肝癌切除术后肿瘤复发的重要不良预后因素;多因素分析结果显示,重度肝硬化、血小板<100×109/L和肿瘤中低分化是影响Child-Pugh A级直径≤5cm的单个小肝癌切除术后肿瘤复发的独立危险因素.结论 肝移植术治疗重度肝硬化的单个小肝癌患者的疗效优于肝切除术,肝移植术可作为首选方法,非重度肝硬化可考虑肝切除术;因此,术前应对肝功能Child-Pugh A级的单个小肝癌患者进行肝硬化严重程度分级,依此选择合适的外科治疗方法.     

老年肺癌患者术后合并下呼吸道感染的相关因素分析

目的 探讨影响老年肺癌患者术后合并下呼吸道感染的危险因素,并根据研究结果制定相应的防治措施.方法 收集2014年1月至2015年4月期间在上海交通大学附属仁济医院南院进行手术治疗的老年肺癌患者182例,根据术后是否发生下呼吸道感染分为感染组(29例)和对照组(153例).对可能影响患者术后下呼吸道感染的危险因素进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析.结果 单因素结果显示,老年肺癌患者术后并发下呼吸道感染与年龄(f=-3.03,P＜0.01)、吸烟(r=5.69,P=0.02)、血浆白蛋白(￡=2.40,P=0.02)、用力呼气量(FEV)1.0％(=5.85,P＜0.01)、肺癌分期(x2=7.06,P=0.01)、小细胞癌(x2 =5.09,P=0.02)、合并慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)(x2=16.28,P＜0.01)、合并冠心病(x2=10.13,P＜0.01)相关.多因素Logistic回归结果显示,年龄(OR=1.34,95％ CI:1.13 ～ 1.59,x2=11.17,P＜0.01)、吸烟(OR=12.68,95％ CI:2.06 ～ 78.04,x2 =7.50,P=0.01)、FEV1.0％(OR =0.90,95％CI:0.83 ～0.97,x2 =7.76,P=0.01)、鳞状细胞癌(OR=6.88,95％ CI:1.41 ～33.56,x2 =5.70,P=0.02)、合并COPD(OR=12.44,95％CI:1.41 ～ 109.90,x2 =5.15,P=0.02)和合并冠心病(OR=10.61,95％CI:2.25 ～90.50,x2=7.18,P=0.01)是老年肺癌患者术后发生下呼吸道感染的独立危险因素.结论 高龄、有吸烟史、鳞状细胞癌、低FEV1.0％、合并COPD或冠心病的老年肺癌患者术后容易发生下呼吸道感染;应该采取综合有效的防治措施以降低老年肺癌患者术后下呼吸道感染的发生.     

TGF-Β1 & PNPLA3 Genetic Variants and the Risk of Hepatic Fibrosis and HCC in Egyptian Patients with HCV-Related Liver Cirrhosis

Objective: The clinical outcomes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and its sequelae including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are greatly affected by host genetic factors; however, the possible mechanisms are still largely unclear. This work aimed to assess transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and patatin-like phospholipase domain containing-protein 3 (PNPLA3) genetic variants as risk factors for hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Egyptian patients with HCV-related liver cirrhosis. Methods: Seventy HCV-related liver cirrhosis patients (Total cirrhosis) who were divided into two groups; 34 patients with HCC (HCC group), and 36 patients without HCC (LC group) and 20 healthy volunteers (control group) were included. Routine laboratory investigations and imaging studies were determined. TGF-β1 (Arg25Pro; 915G>C) and PNPLA3 (I148M; C>G) variants were evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). Results: HCC group showed a significantly higher GG genotype distribution of TGF-β1 (Arg25Pro) than the LC group (P= 0.008, OR: 7.083, CI 95%: 1.422 – 35.282). The distributions of GG genotype (P= 0.047) and G allele (P= 0.002, OR: 4.395, CI 95%: 1.622 – 11.911) of PNPLA3 (I148M) were significantly higher in total cirrhosis patients than controls. Conclusion: TGF-β1 (Arg25Pro) GG variant may be associated with HCC risk in HCV-related liver cirrhosis patients, while PNPLA3 (I148M) GG variant may be associated with cirrhosis development but not HCC risk in HCV-related liver cirrhosis patients.     

109例直肠神经内分泌肿瘤患者的临床病理特征与预后分析

[目的]探讨直肠神经内分泌肿瘤的临床病理特征及预后.[方法]回顾性分析109例直肠神经内分泌肿瘤患者的临床病理及随访资料.观察患者肿瘤的分类情况,并通过Kaplan-Meier法估计受试者的预后生存情况,利用Cox等比例风险模型来探讨影响直肠神经内分泌肿瘤预后的危险因素.[结果] 109例直肠神经内分泌肿瘤患者,其中神经内分泌肿瘤患者91例(83.48％)、神经内分泌癌患者和未知分级患者各9例(8.26％).患者的平均年龄(50.58±11.90)岁,男、女性别比为1.51:1,且多数患者(90.83％)居住在城镇.经过8.12年(中位随访时间,95％CI:7.32～8.85年)的随访,全组患者的3年、5年和10年生存率分别为91.23％05％CI:83.83％～95.34％)、88.20％(95％CI:80.14％～93.12％)和84.20％(95％CI:74.85％～90.29％).Cox等比例风险模型的结果显示,年龄(HR=5.80,95％CI:1.36～24.77)、淋巴结转移(HR=7.15,95％CI:2.27～24.83)和远处转移(HR=7.42,95％CI:1.98～27.76)是影响直肠神经内分泌肿瘤预后的独立危险因素.[结论]直肠神经内分泌肿瘤多发生于城镇地区的中年男性人群,预后较好.年龄、淋巴结转移和远处转移是直肠神经内分泌肿瘤预后的独立危险因素.     

Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Combined with Interferon-α is Safe and Effective for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Curative Resection

Objectives: Intrahepatic recurrence is the major cause of death among patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative surgical resection. Several approaches have been reportedto decrease the recurrence rate. The objective of our study was to compare the clinical effects of transcatheterarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with interferon-alpha (IFN-α) therapy on recurrence after hepaticresection in patients with HBV-related HCC with that of TACE chemotherapy alone. Methods: We retrospectivelyanalyzed the data from 228 patients who were diagnosed with HBV-related HCC and underwent curative resectionbetween January 2001 to December 2008. The patients were divided into TACE (n = 126) and TACE-IFN-α (n= 102) groups for postoperative chemotherapy. The TACE regimen consisted of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cisplatin(DDP) , and the emulsion mixed with mitomycin C (MMC) and lipiodol. The recurrence rates, disease-freesurvival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and risk of recurrence were evaluated. Results: The clinicopathologicalparameters and adverse effects were similar between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). The median OS for the TACEIFN-α group (36.3 months) was significantly longer than that of the TACE group (24.5 months, P < 0.05). The3-and 5-year OS for the TACE-IFN-α group were significantly longer than those of the TACE group (P < 0.05)and the recurrence rate was significantly lower (P < 0.05). The TACE and IFN-α combination therapy, activehepatitis HBV infection, the number of tumor nodules, microvascular invasion, liver cirrhosis, and the BCLCstage were independent predictors of OS and DFS. Conclusions: The use of the TACE and IFN-α combinationchemotherapy after curative hepatic resection safely and effectively improves OS and decreases recurrencein patients with HBV-related HCC who are at high risk. Our findings can serve as a guide for the selection ofpostoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with HBV-related HCC who are at high risk of recurrence.