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1.
Mesenteric vascular occlusion resulting in intestinal necrosis in children   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
PURPOSE: The records of 4 patients who had necrotic bowel secondary to acute mesenteric vascular occlusion affecting various levels of mesenteric vasculature were reviewed to determine the clinical manifestations, diagnostic investigations, predisposing factors, complications, and outcome of mesenteric vascular thrombosis in children. METHODS: The medical records of the patients (3 boys, 1 girl) treated between 1981 and 1996, inclusive, for bowel infarction secondary to mesenteric vascular thrombosis, were reviewed with regard to signs and symptoms, laboratory tests, radiological investigations, surgical findings, histopathologic examinations, and outcome. RESULTS: The ages of the patients ranged between 1 and 14 years with a mean age of 8.2 years. Initial symptoms, present in all patients, were abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and tenderness. Laboratory and radiological findings including abdominal radiographs and abdominal ultrasonography were nondiagnostic. Selective superior mesenteric angiography showed complete obliteration of the superior mesenteric artery with absence of venous return in 1 case. Three patients with massive intestinal necrosis died of multiorgan failure or the complications of short bowel syndrome. Histological examination of the resected intestinal segments showed the typical findings of polyarteritis nodosa in 2 patients. One patient had a previous history of right femoral vein thrombosis, whereas 1 patient had no known underlying disorders predisposing vascular thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS: Mesenteric vascular occlusion is a rare but serious disease leading to death in children. The patients present with similar clinical signs, most frequent and important are acute abdominal pain, vomiting, and distension. Mesenteric vascular occlusion is a rare cause of acute abdomen in childhood, which requires urgent diagnosis and intervention. In suspected mesenteric vascular insufficiency, angiography should be performed followed by intraarterial thrombolytic infusion therapy in selected cases. When intestinal infarction is suspected, immediate surgical resection of compromised bowel is necessary with appropriate postoperative anticoagulation or treatment of any underlying disease.  相似文献   

2.
OBJECTIVE: Superior mesenteric vein thrombosis (SMVT) is generally difficult to diagnose and can be fatal. Mesenteric and portal vein thrombosis is rare and can be presented as more serious conditions than that of SMVT. We report patients with combined SMVT and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) who were treated successfully with early initiation of anticoagulation. METHODS: The medical records of six patients (five male, one female) who presented with combined SMVT and PVT in our institute between January 1994 and September 2003 were reviewed retrospectively. All of the patients were treated with early initiation of anticoagulation using unfractionated heparin or low molecular weight heparin. RESULTS: The mean hospital stay was 31 days and the mean follow-up period was 32 months. Three patients had an antithrombin III deficiency. The most common symptom was diffuse abdominal pain and signs included abdominal distension and tenderness. During the follow-up period, there were two patients who developed stricture of the small bowel necessitating resection and anastomosis of the small bowel. There was no case of peritonitis due to bowel necrosis or mortality. CONCLUSION: The early initiation of anticoagulation in patients of SMVT combined with PVT could minimise the serious complication such as peritonitis due to bowel necrosis required immediate exploratory laparotomy.  相似文献   

3.
This report describes the second case of a superior mesenteric and portal vein thrombosis following an uneventful laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. The patient presented on postoperative day 10 with acute onset of abdominal pain and inability to tolerate oral food. A computed tomography (CT) scan revealed superior mesenteric and portal venous thrombosis with questionable viability of the proximal small bowel. He was heparinized and taken for emergent exploratory laparotomy. At surgery and at a planned re-exploration the following day, the bowel was viable and no resection was needed. Despite continuation on anticoagulation therapy, he developed a pulmonary embolism. A hypercoagulable workup was normal. After continued anticoagulation therapy and supportive care, a duplex ultrasound 2 months after the event showed normal flow in both the superior mesenteric and portal veins. Possible mechanisms are discussed along with a review of the pertinent literature.  相似文献   

4.
急性肠系膜缺血性疾病的损伤控制性处理   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
目的 探讨损伤控制性外科(DCS)理念在治疗急性肠系膜缺血性疾病(AMI)中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析2001年5月至2009年3月间南京军区总医院解放军普通外科研究所应用DCS理念指导救治15例急性肠系膜缺血性疾病患者(11例为肠系膜上静脉血栓,4例为肠系膜上动脉血栓或栓塞)的临床资料.整个治疗过程遵循迅速切除坏死肠管、不强求恢复肠道连续性、术中取栓、术后ICU复苏并持续溶栓和计划内二期手术重建消化道连续性的阶段性救治策略.结果 10例患者(66.7%)救治成功并获得术后3个月以上的存活期,残留小肠长度120~280(209.0±53.8)cm.均无需肠外营养.5例患者死亡,其中2例死于血栓复发,1例死于术后消化道大出血,1例术中放弃治疗,另1例全小肠切除者术后放弃治疗.结论 DCS治疗理念可以成功救治AMI患者.在处理肠管时,应注意同时进行取栓、溶栓和抗凝治疗.  相似文献   

5.
Mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) is a catastrophic form of mesenteric vascular occlusion. In the absence of peritoneal signs, anticoagulation therapy should be started immediately. For selected patients, thrombolysis through the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), jugular vein, or portal vein via a transhepatic route might be successful; however, exploratory laparotomy is mandatory when peritoneal signs develop. We report a case of acute MVT associated with protein C and S deficiency, treated successfully by limited bowel resection and simultaneous thrombolytic infusion, given via an operatively placed mesenteric vein catheter.  相似文献   

6.
急性原发性肠系膜上静脉血栓形成17例临床诊治分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:探讨急性原发性肠系膜上静脉血栓形成(APSMVT)的临床诊断与治疗。方法:回顾性分析我院1998年至2007年收治的17例APSMVT的临床资料。结果:17例病人(100%)均有持续性渐行加重的腹痛,常见伴随症状有恶心呕吐(82%)、消化道出血(53%)、肠梗阻(53%)、发热(59%)等。11例(65%)腹腔穿刺获血性腹水。17例均行超声检查,1例术前明确诊断;14例CT检查中2例增强扫描后得以确诊,12例平扫可见间接征象。16例行坏死肠段切除手术及抗凝治疗,其中3例首次剖腹探查未见异常,在症状未缓解或加重后再次手术发现肠坏死并行肠切除。2例病人行经皮肝穿刺肠系膜上静脉导管溶栓治疗,1例血栓复发者行肠系膜上动脉导管溶栓后治愈。3例术后因脓毒症死亡。结论:APSMVT术前诊断困难,对不明原因急性剧烈腹痛者应及时怀疑本症,早期发现、早期治疗方能提高本病的治愈效果。病程早期可采用介入溶栓疗法,后期出现肠坏死征象者应及时手术,并予以抗凝治疗。  相似文献   

7.
Deciphering mesenteric venous thrombosis: imaging and treatment   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
The principal cause of a high mortality rate in mesenteric vein thrombosis (MVT) is a delay in diagnosis. Recent data indicate that the mortality rate is decreasing owing to earlier diagnosis and anticoagulation. The authors examined the treatment profile of MVT to see how the increased use of imaging and early anticoagulation has impacted this process. They retrospectively analyzed the treatment paradigm with acute MVT at one institution over a 10-year period. Twenty-three patients were identified. Data were analyzed using chi-squares and Student's t tests. Twenty-three patients (11 men and 12 women with an average age of 51.74 +/-14.8 years) were identified with acute MVT between the years of 1993 and 2003. Five patients had splenic vein thrombosis, 17 had superior mesenteric vein thrombosis, 1 had inferior mesenteric vein thrombosis, and 12 had portal vein thrombosis. Nine patients had combination mesenteric vein segment thrombosis. Thrombolytics were utilized in a total of 6 patients. Four of the 6 patients in whom lytics were utilized had combined mesenteric vein thrombosis; however, these 4 patients did not require surgical intervention. There was no significant difference in length of hospital stay between patients taking lytics versus patients treated with traditional anticoagulation with heparin (p = 0.291). A hypercoagulable state was identified in 66.7% of the patients. Four patients required surgical intervention. The overall mortality rate was 8.7% (2 of 23). The use of thrombolytics was associated with a significant mortality (p = 0.04). The use of antibiotics made no difference in mortality (p = 0.235), nor did antibiotic use influence length of hospitalization (p = 0.192). MVT is relatively rare, and often the delay in diagnosis increases the mortality rate. In the majority of cases prompt anticoagulation will preserve bowel viability and decrease mortality and morbidity rates. The majority of patients do not need surgery. There is a marked increase in mortality rate when these patients progress to surgical intervention. An increased awareness and early diagnosis has led to decreased morbidity and mortality rates.  相似文献   

8.
We describe two cases with acute mesenteric venous thrombosis in which diagnostic laparoscopy helped to diagnose the possible bowel infarction. These patients presented with abdominal pain out of proportion to physical findings, and computed tomography demonstrated thrombus in the superior mesenteric vein. Anticoagulation with heparin followed by diagnostic laparoscopy was done immediately after the diagnosis was established. According to the laparoscopic findings, one was managed with full anticoagulation without laparotomy and the other was managed with full anticoagulation and surgical resection. Considering that delay in diagnosis and surgical exploration is still frequent and is a significant contributory factor to the reported high mortality rate, diagnostic laparoscopy in an early position in the management algorithm for acute mesenteric venous thrombosis can furnish a rapid precise diagnosis of bowel infarction. It can also reduce the unnecessary laparotomies in these difficult cases.  相似文献   

9.
Common primary surgical sources of thrombophlebitis of the mesenteric vein are diverticulitis and appendicitis. This is an acute ascending infection with septic thrombophlebitis. C.T. imaging can diagnose this complication at an early stage. Broad spectrum antibiotic therapy and heparin should be started. Surgery is performed electively to eradicate the primary inflammatory process. Early detections of septic ascending pylephlebitis and adequate treatment have decreased the mortality rate. We report a clinical case of thrombophlebitis of the mesenteric vein in acute appendicitis.  相似文献   

10.
Eighteen patients with an acute thrombosis of the splanchnic veins were reviewed. Most of apparently idiopathic cases of splanchnic vein thrombosis are related to an increased coagulation related to a congenital or acquired defect of haemostasis. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a new and effective treatment. Nine male and 9 female patients (range of age : 19 to 81 years) experienced a mesenteric venous thrombosis. There were 14 mesenteric vein thromboses with infarction, two transient mesenteric venous ischaemias without bowel infarction and two acute thromboses of the splanchinc veins without bowel ischaemia. A coagulopathy was detected in seven patients : oral contraception, protein C (PC) or antithrombin III (AT III) congenital deficiencies, acquired deficiency of AT III, PC and protein S (PS), polycythaemia in the post-partum period and primary myeloproliferative disorder. No coagulopathy was associated with thrombosis in eight cases : mesenteric haematoma, splenomegaly, cirrhosis, appendicectomy, cholescytectomy, chronic heart failure, treatment with beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist and digitalis, stenosis of the portal anastomosis after liver transplantation. Twelve patients required surgery : eight intestinal bowel resections with immediate anastomosis, four resections without immediate anatomosis. Only one patient underwent a second look for a repeat bowel resection. No death occurred in the early postoperative period and 17 out of 18 patients were alive after 12 years. An oral anticoagulant therapy was undertaken from two months to seven years. However, three patients suffered a recurrent thrombosis. Two of them required a long-term anticoagulation. Six patients experienced a portal hypertension and oral anticoagulants were discontinued in three of them because of bleeding oesophageal varices. Six patients were treated only by unfractionated heparin (UFH) or low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) followed by oral anticoagulants. After laparotomy, two were only treated with UFH without any bowel resection, as mesenteric venous ischaemia was too extensive. These observations suggest that the choice between an appropriate medical or surgical treatment is important and must be discussed. Since 1989, the therapeutic choice has been modified by ultrasonography and contrast enhanced computed tomographic scan which confirmes diagnosis, allows to follow up and check the effects of anticoagulation and to choose the time for surgery. When the diagnosis is established and the patient's risk is low, the anticoagulant therapy is decided. UFH is administered by continuous infusion at the average dose of 500 IU · kg−1 · d−1 to obtain an antifactor Xa activity between 0.3 and 0.6 antiXa IU mL−1. When the diagnosis is uncertain and the patient's risk is high, a laparotomy is required. During surgery, UFH must be delivered at a low dose of 100–150 IU · kg−1 · d−1 and progressively increased to obtain the same antifactor Xa activity in two three days. Congenital or acquired AT III or PC deficiencies should be treated by appropriate concentrates. Duration of treatment with oral anticoagulants is not determined and has to be discussed. A 6-month therapy with an INR of 2.0 to 3.0 seems to be reasonable when no coagulopathy is associated with splanchnic venous thrombosis. A long term anticoagulation must be discussed when a coagulopathy is associated with a splanchnic venous thrombosis.  相似文献   

11.
目的 探讨急性门静脉系统血栓形成的诊断方法及治疗措施.方法 回顾性分析13例急性门静脉系统血栓形成病例的临床资料. 结果本组13例急性门静脉系统血栓形成患者均由增强CT或MRI/MRA检杏确诊.其中5例患者接受以抗凝和溶栓为主的非手术治疗,2例死亡;8例接受手术治疗(经肠系膜上静脉切开取栓及置管抗凝和溶栓),其中5例术中发现有部分小肠坏死,同时切除坏死肠段,均痊愈出院.结论 外科手术治疗急性门静脉系统血栓形成疗效确切,并发症少.  相似文献   

12.
急性肠系膜静脉血栓形成27例诊治经验   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
目的 总结急性肠系膜静脉血栓形成(MVT)的诊治经验.方法 回顾性研究1983年至2007年7月收治的27例急性MVT的临床资料.结果 27例患者病程1~14 d,平均6.1 d.既往有门静脉高压症、下肢静脉血栓、肠系膜静脉血栓等病史或合并其他高凝状态者18例(66.7%).本组超声、CT、血管造影及外周血D-二聚体(D-Dimer)水平对急性MVT的诊断敏感性分别为70.6%(12/17)、75.0%(6/8)、100%(6/6)、100%(6/6).16例腹腔穿刺抽出血性腹水者均已继发肠管坏死.11例行溶栓、抗凝治疗,4例有效(36.4%).22例接受手术治疗,均行坏死肠管切除术,其中3例术中行经肠系膜上静脉血栓取出术.3例术后并发下肢深静脉血栓,1例并发心肌梗死,3例继发短肠综合征.4例手术后一周内急性MVT复发.8例在发病后1个月内死亡,其中7例为手术后死亡.19例存活的患者均接受了抗凝治疗.15例得到随访,其中7例长期服用抗凝药物.结论 对于急性MVT,血D-Dimer水平的检测以及针对肠系膜血管的影像学检查是尽早确诊的关键.对无活动性出血和腹膜炎的病例,首选考虑进行抗凝溶栓治疗.对已继发肠管坏死者应进行手术.  相似文献   

13.
Mesenteric venous thrombosis   总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24  
Sixteen patients with mesenteric venous thrombosis were reviewed retrospectively during a period from 1983 to 1987. Twelve patients had progressive abdominal pain, three had gastrointestinal bleeding, and one had general malaise. Seven of these 16 patients had previous deep-vein thrombosis. After negative routine gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary evaluation, 11 patients underwent an infusion computerized tomographic scan. Of these, 10 had superior mesenteric vein thrombosis; three of these 10 patients had portal vein thrombosis. Selective arteriography was done in two patients because of gastrointestinal bleeding, and a diagnosis of mesenteric vein thrombosis was made on the venous phase of the examination. The remaining four patients developed acute abdominal symptoms requiring surgical exploration, at which time mesenteric venous thrombosis was discovered. An identifiable coagulopathy was detected in nine patients (protein C deficiency in six, protein S deficiency in two, and factor IX deficiency treated with factor IX concentrate in one). No case of congenital antithrombin-III deficiency was identified. Six of these nine patients had a past history of deep venous thrombosis. Of five patients who underwent surgical exploration, all required bowel resection. In follow-up, two patients died of intestinal necrosis and a third died of associated pancreatic cancer. Thirteen patients were discharged from the hospital. Treatment of coagulopathy was by heparin in three patients and sodium warfarin (Coumadin) in four patients. Long-term anticoagulation was not instituted because of gastrointestinal bleeding in three and cirrhosis in three patients. Mesenteric venous thrombosis can occur without gangrenous bowel. Diagnosis should be suspected when acute abdominal symptoms develop in patients with prior thrombotic episodes and a coagulopathy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

14.
We report a modification of the standard resection of the retroportal pancreatic lamina during pancreaticoduodenectomy. The resection begins with the dissection of the origin of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) above the left renal vein and a step-by-step section of the retroportal pancreatic lamina on the right side of the SMA, then the pancreatic head is retracted to the left and freed from the portal vein, and lastly the neck of the pancreas is transected. This technique allows a total lymph node clearance, secures the dissection of the SMA, and allows safe identification of anatomic variations like a replaced right hepatic artery originating from the SMA.  相似文献   

15.
PURPOSE: The role of thoracic outlet decompression in the treatment of primary axillary-subclavian vein thrombosis remains controversial. The timing and indications for surgery are not well defined, and thoracic outlet procedures may be associated with infrequent, but significant, morbidity. We examined the outcomes of patients treated with or without surgery after the results of initial thrombolytic therapy and a short period of outpatient anticoagulation. METHODS: Patients suspected of having a primary deep venous thrombosis underwent an urgent color-flow venous duplex ultrasound scan, followed by a venogram and catheter-directed thrombolysis. They were then converted from heparin to outpatient warfarin. Patients who remained asymptomatic received anticoagulants for 3 months. Patients who, at 4 weeks, had persistent symptoms of venous hypertension and positional obstruction of the subclavian vein, venous collaterals, or both demonstrated by means of venogram underwent thoracic outlet decompression and postoperative anticoagulation for 1 month. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were treated between June 1996 and June 1999. Of the 18 patients who received catheter-directed thrombolysis, complete patency was achieved in eight patients (44%), and partial patency was achieved in the remaining 10 patients (56%). Nine of 22 patients (41%) did not require surgery, and the remaining 13 patients underwent thoracic outlet decompression through a supraclavicular approach with scalenectomy, first-rib resection, and venolysis. Recurrent thrombosis developed in only one patient during the immediate period of anticoagulation. Eleven of 13 patients (85%) treated with surgery and eight of nine patients (89%) treated without surgery sustained durable relief of their symptoms and a return to their baseline level of physical activity. All patients who underwent surgery maintained their venous patency on follow-up duplex scanning imaging. CONCLUSION: Not all patients with primary axillary-subclavian vein thrombosis require surgical intervention. A period of observation while patients are receiving oral anticoagulation for at least 1 month allows the selection of patients who will do well with nonoperative therapy. Patients with persistent symptoms and venous obstruction should be offered thoracic outlet decompression. Chronic anticoagulation is not required in these patients.  相似文献   

16.
目的研究急性肠系膜上静脉血栓形成的临床特点和诊疗策略。方法选取2002年至2016年北京大学第三医院住院诊断并治疗的急性肠系膜上静脉血栓形成病人39例,统计病人相关临床数据。结果 39例病人中男性24例,女性15例,中位年龄为49岁,中位病史为10 d。8例病人有下肢静脉血栓病史,1例合并肺栓塞;8例病人有门静脉高压病史,2例接受过脾切断流手术。39例病人中单纯抗凝10例,介入治疗13例,介入联合手术8例,手术治疗8例,其中单纯抗凝组住院期间死亡1例。介入治疗主要采取肠系膜上动脉置管溶栓和经皮经肝肠系膜上静脉取栓溶栓,介入治疗和肠切除手术的中位间隔时间为2.5 d(1~36 d)。16例手术病人均行小肠切除,一期吻合13例,3例行造瘘。结论急性肠系膜上静脉血栓形成症状体征不典型,及早诊断,并根据病情做出合适的治疗选择是取得满意治疗效果的关键。  相似文献   

17.
Mesenteric panniculitis also named retractile mesenterite is a rare tumor-like lesion that thickens and shortens the mesentery. It is characterized by the association of inflammation, necrosis or fibrosis involving the adipose tissue of the bowel mesentery. The pathophysiology of this disease remains unclear despite associations with inflammatory diseases or malignancies, especially lymphomas that have been described. When symptomatic, patients may present with abdominal pain, palpable abdominal mass or intestinal obstruction. The disease remains asymptomatic in 30 to 50% of cases. Abdominal CT plays an important role in suggesting the diagnosis and can be useful in distinguishing the several conditions that can mimic mesenteric panniculitis. Nevertheless, pathologic examination of surgical excisional biopsies or sometimes percutaneous biopsies remains necessary to confirm the diagnosis and exclude an underlying infection or malignancy. Medical treatment may consist of therapy with anti inflammatory or immunosuppressive agents and can be proposed in highly symptomatic diseases. Surgical treatment should be exclusively attempted when intestinal obstruction or ischemia occur. Most of the time, it consists in intestinal derivation or segmental resection because complete excision of the lesions is often not possible. Mesenteric panniculitis usually has an uneventful clinical course and resolves spontaneously in a variable delay.  相似文献   

18.
Teaching students to break bad news   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
BACKGROUND: Mesenteric vein thrombosis (MVT) is an uncommon type of intestinal ischemia associated with significant mortality and morbidity because of its delay in diagnosis. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 9 patients treated surgically for MVT during 1982 to 1997 was performed. RESULTS: Nine patients underwent surgical therapy for intestinal ischemia due to MVT. The most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain with bloody diarrhea in 3 patients; preoperative diagnosis of MVT was suspected in 2. Radiologic tests included plain roentgenograms, computed axial tomography, and ultrasound. Time to surgery ranged from 3 hours to 7 days after admission. All patients underwent resection of infarcted bowel with primary anastomosis and immediate postoperative anticoagulation. No patient underwent a second-look operation. The postoperative morbidity and mortality rates were 55% and 11%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of intestinal ischemia from MVT is often delayed, and strong clinical suspicion and aggressive treatment are necessary in its management.  相似文献   

19.

Introduction

Portal and mesenteric vein thrombosis are relatively uncommon surgical complications, with difficult diagnosis and potentially severe consequences due to higher risk of bowel infarction. The purpose of this study was to present a series of patients who developed postoperative portal vein thrombosis after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Methods

This is a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy between June 2005 and June 2011 who developed portal vein thrombosis. Demographic data, personal risk factors, family history of thrombosis, and postoperative results of thrombophilia study were analyzed in this study.

Results

A total of 1,713 laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomies were performed. Seventeen patients (1 %) developed portal vein thrombosis after surgery. Of the 17 patients, 16 were women, 8 had a history of smoking, 7 used oral contraceptives, and 2 had a family history of deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs. All patients were discharged on the third day of surgery with no immediate complications. Symptoms presented at a median of 15 (range, 8–43) days after surgery with abdominal pain in most cases. One case required emergency laparotomy and splenectomy because of an active bleeding hematoma with massive portomesenteric vein thrombosis. In 11 cases, a thrombosis of the main portal vein was identified, in 15 the right portal branch was compromised, and in 10 the left portal branch. Eleven patients presented thrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein, and ten patients presented a concomitant thrombosis of the splenic vein. A massive PMVT was presented in six cases. Seven patients had a positive thrombophilia study.

Conclusions

Portal vein thrombosis and/or mesenteric thrombosis are relatively uncommon complications in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. In this series, the portomesenteric vein thrombosis was the most common complication after LSG in a high-volume center.  相似文献   

20.
We report herein a case of a 68-year-old Japanese woman in whom calcification of the portal vein was recognized by plain abdominal X-ray radiograph and computed tomography (CT) scan when she presented with repeated thrombosis of the portal system. Following emergency small bowel resection for intestinal necrosis caused by superior mesenteric vein thrombosis, hematological studies revealed the association of dysplasminogenemia. A review of 21 cases of portal vein calcification reported between 1940 and 1990 revealed the average age to be 53.7±10.2 years and the male/female ratio 17:4. Although the majority of cases suffered from portal hypertension (81%), only 38% had any evidence of liver cirrhosis, while 52% had normal liver function, being comparable to idiopathic portal hypertension. The calcified lesions were located in the portal vein in 100% of cases, the splenic vein in 62%, the superior mesenteric vein in 33%, and the inferior mesenteric vein in 0%. The precise etiology of the calcification was not elucidated in any of the reviewed cases. The patient reported herein is the first reported case of portal vein calcification due to repeated thrombosis of the portal system caused by dysplasminogenemia, which could be accounted as a cause of idiopathic portal hypertension.  相似文献   

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