Asymptomatic full term pregnant patient with a grossly abnormal chest radiograph

An asymptomatic full term pregnant lady with a grossly abnormal chest radiograph is presented as a clinical quiz. The diagnosis is discussed and the topic reviewed in detail.     

Experiences with a sac-type artificial heart

A total replacement artificial heart is described having in vitro performance satisfying human requirements up to and including moderate work.

The in vitro design has been modified to make its implantation into the chests of experimental animals technically feasible.

The heart has been tested in vivo for up to six hours, and has been found to provide the experimental animals with adequate blood flow and pressures.

Preliminary tests have shown major problems of air embolism and red blood cell hemolysis.

The heart design and technique of implantation are undergoing further improvement. Performance will be more comprehensively examined with the use of larger experimental animals in order more accurately to evaluate the heart's potential.

     

对高校自主招生试点的思考

国家教育部自2001年开始在部分大学进行自主招生的试点，明确提出在遵循公平、公正、公开、择优录取原则的基础上，进一步扩大高校办学自主权，探索以统一考试录取为主、与多元化考试评价和多样化选拔录取相结合，学校自主选拔录取、自我约束，政府宏观指导、服务，社会有效监督的选拔优秀创新人才的新机制。本文分析了自主招生试点工作的积极效果和存在的问题，在此基础上，提出了进一步扩大自主招生试点的相关对策。     

离体心脏9 h心脏移植早期结果

供心保护仍是限制心脏移植广泛开展的重要因素,常规灌注保存超过5 h的心脏是移植失败的重要因素之一.2005年3月,我院施行1例同种异体原位心脏移植手术,供心缺血时间超过常规时限,但术后近期效果良好,现报告如下.     

Metastatic choriocarcinoma coexisting with full term viable pregnancy

A case of choriocarcinomatous lung secondaries coexisting with a full term pregnancy is reported. Both mother and child are alive and well without evidence of the disease 3 years after delivery.     

班主任如何把握好与学生谈心的切入点

谈心是班主任与学生之间的心灵交流，是一种情感的沟通。在这交流和沟通当中，如何正确引导学生，既使学生敢于说出自己的心里话，又使学生产生一种比较愿意接受的心理状态，这就需要班主任掌握娴熟的谈心技巧和谈心方式。笔者认为，找准谈心的切入点问题是谈心成功的重要前提。     

生脉注射液辅助治疗冠心病合并心力衰竭的临床观察

目的探讨生脉注射液对冠心病合并心力衰竭患者的辅助治疗效果。方法选取我院2009年至2011年收治的冠心病合并心力衰竭患者56例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组28例,对照组为基础治疗;观察组为基础治疗+生脉注射液(40 ml,加入5％葡萄糖注射液250 ml,每日1次,疗程7 d)。采用超声心动图检测患者治疗前及治疗后心功能指标变化。结果与治疗前相比,治疗后对照组的左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室收缩末直径(LVESD)、左室舒张末直径(LVEDD)、每搏输出量(SV)和左室短轴缩短率(FS)均有改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组治疗后的心功能指标改善更明显,与治疗前及对照组治疗后相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05);观察组治疗的总有效率为82.1%,较对照组(75.0%)有所提高(P<0.05)。两组均未见明显不良反应。结论生脉注射液可改善心脏收缩功能,疗效肯定。     

宫颈癌术后静态调强放疗与单个和2个全弧容积调强弧形治疗的剂量学比较

目的: 比较宫颈癌术后静态调强放疗(IMRT)与单个全弧容积调强弧形治疗(VMAT)(Arc1)、2个全弧VMAT(Arc2)的计划质量、治疗效率和执行精度,为临床上宫颈癌术后VMAT治疗的弧数选择提供参考依据。 方法: 选取20例宫颈癌术后患者,给以相同的处方剂量和优化参数,分别设计7个野IMRT(7F-IMRT)、Arc1和Arc2计划,比较7F-IMRT与Arc1计划和Arc2计划的计划靶体积(PTV)和危及器官(OAR)的剂量学差异、治疗计划机器跳数(MU)和执行时间,采用γ分析法评价通过率,验证治疗计划的剂量准确性。 结果: Arc2计划靶区适形度(CI)和靶区剂量均匀性(HI)均优于7F-IMRT计划(P<0.05),7F-IMRT优于Arc1计划(P<0.05);Arc2计划直肠V₅₀、小肠V₄₀和V₁₀均低于7F-IMRT计划(P<0.05),而Arc1计划的直肠、膀胱和小肠的近似最大剂量(D_2cc)、平均剂量(D_mean)和V₅₀均高于7F-IMRT计划(P<0.05或P<0.01);与7F-IMRT计划比较,Arc2计划的MU和治疗时间分别减少24%和54% (P<0.05),剂量验证的3mm/3%的γ通过率三者比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论: 宫颈癌术后患者VMAT治疗,采用单个全弧难以满足临床要求,宜至少采用2个全弧,能缩短治疗时间,减少治疗中分次内误差和患者的不适感。     

班主任与学生谈心技巧的探讨

班主任和学生谈心的技巧有：谈话要知人知心,要诚心诚意,要有耐心、恒心,要尊重学生.爱护学生,具有把学生都培养成才的“责任感”是谈心成功的前提.     

管状胃与全胃代食管术对食管癌的疗效比较

目的:比较管状胃与全胃代食管术治疗食管癌的临床疗效.方法:选取食管癌病人46例,术后生存期均超过1年,根据消化系统重建方式分为管状胃组26例与全胃组20例.管状胃组给予管状胃食管吻合术治疗,全胃组给予全胃食管吻合术治疗.比较2组手术情况、手术前后肺功能指标及术后生活质量.结果:2组病人手术时间、术中出血量、胸腔引流量和住院时间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);管状胃组肺部并发症和反流性食管炎发生率均低于全胃组(P<0.05);2组病人术后最大通气量占预计值百分比、1s用力呼气容积占预计值百分比和肺活量占预计值百分比均较术前明显下降,全胃组下降更显著(P<0.01);管状胃组病人术后6个月、12个月生活质量评分均明显高于术后3周,且均明显高于术后同期全胃组评分(P<0.01).结论:管状胃代食管术相对于全胃代食管术治疗食管癌可有效降低反流性食管炎和肺部并发症发生率,同时对病人术后肺功能影响小,术后短期生存质量更高.     

Wheeze in a heart transplant patient with lymphoma.

We report a case of wheeze in a heart transplant patient who was receiving chemotherapy for a transplant-associated lymphoma. The patient was in severe respiratory distress; there were no radiological abnormalities. A diagnosis of invasive bronchopulmonary aspergillosis was made by bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage. Despite prompt antifungal therapy the patient died. Wheeze in a non-asthmatic immunocompromised patient, even in the absence of radiological abnormalities, is highly suggestive of invasive bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Diagnosis is best established by bronchoscopy and examination of the fluid obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage; currently the response to treatment is often disappointing.