Intravenous feeding of a complete diet in a child: report of a case.

A 5-month-old white infant with Hirschsprung's disease, complicated by a digestive upset and upper respiratory infection, developed a most extreme picture of marasmus which gave every indication of an impending fatal termination. The baby was given a complete intravenous feeding for five days with fats, carbohydrate, and amino acids in proportions and quantities recommended in a normal infant's diet. There was a prompt dramatic improvement in the nutrition, permitting eventual successful treatment of the Hirschsprung's disease with prostigmine. We believe that this is the first case on record of complete feeding by vein alone for a significant period of time. The success in this child suggests strongly that total feedings by vein can be a practical and lifesaving procedure, especially applicable to children who are marasmic, or are for any reason unable to handle an adequate diet by mouth, or in whom it is desirable to withhold oral feedings for therapeutic purposes.     

Intravenous feeding of the rat with short chain fatty acid esters. II. Monoacetoacetin.

Acetoacetic acid is oxidized independent of carnitine transport into the cell mitochondria and its monoglyceride is a water soluble compound. The latter was examined as an intravenous nutrient. The monoglyceride of acetoacetic acid was prepared from the acid anhydride, diketene, and glycerol and was found to be totally miscible with water. The nutritional properties of monoacetoacetin were investigated by continuous intravenous infusion of 25 or 50 g/kg body weight per day into ad libitum fed rats. The response of these animals was compared to normal and food restricted rats. All experimental animals survived the 7 day study period in good health and were free of detectable physiological and behavioral abnormalities. The test rats demonstrated weight gain dependent on the infusion rate while on an inadequate spontaneous oral food intake diet. Ketonuria, hyperketonemia and monoglyceride excretion in the urine accompanied the infusion of monoacetoacetin and were dependent on the infusion load. At 50 g/kg per day total plasma ketones were found to be comparable with the infusion load. At 50 g/kg per day total plasma ketones were found to be comparable with the maximum level obtained in fasted rats, but the acetoacetate concentration was relatively higher than in fasting. This was consistant with ketosis derived from the hydrolysis of the monoglyceride. It was concluded from these results that monoacetoacetin might be an asset for intravenous nutrition.     

上臂式静脉输液港与胸壁式静脉输液港比较

目的探讨上臂式静脉输液港与胸壁式静脉输液港临床应用效果。方法选取2017年7月-2019年3月收治的84例需行静脉输液港患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字法分为观察组与对照组,各42例,其中观察组给予上臂式静脉输液港,对照组给予胸壁式静脉输液港,且对两组患者的植入导管总长度、血管内导管长度、并发症发生率(渗液、感染、血栓形成)及舒适度评分进行观察及评估。结果观察组植入导管总长度、血管内导管长度长于对照组,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。观察组并发症发生率与对照组相比无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组术后1天舒适度评分及术后1周舒适度评分高于对照组,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。结论上臂式静脉输液港与胸壁式静脉输液港相比,前者优势更大,无需建立隧道,对进一步减轻患者疼痛感具有积极作用。     

Intravenous chlormethiazole.

Intravenous chlormethiazole is widely used for its sedative and anticonvulsant action in patients with acute alcohol withdrawal, status epilepticus, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. Concern remains over its safety if it is given carelessly and without careful monitoring.     

Intravenous regional anaesthesia

The technique of intravenous regional anaesthesia (IVRA) has failed to gain general acceptance among anaesthetists, who are divided into those who never use it, preferring more specific local anaesthetic blocks, and those who would recommend it as the technique of choice for some procedures. Numerous large series have been published, attesting to its general safety, but intermittent accounts of serious side effects and more recent reports of fatalities have called the technique into question, so that a reassessment seems timely.     

Home Intravenous Therapy

No abstract available for this article.     

全凭静脉麻醉

1静脉麻醉的特点 麻醉药经呼吸道吸入而产生全身麻醉,称为吸入麻醉.吸入麻醉药依赖于呼吸道进入体内和从体内消除,因此它的可控性较静脉麻醉药好.吸入麻醉药首先在麻醉环路中达到一定浓度,然后经过肺脏进入血液循环,再经循环系统到达中枢神经系统发挥其麻醉作用,排除体内的过程则按相反的方向进行.增加吸入麻醉药的浓度和潮气量及呼吸频率,就可以通过增加肺泡内吸入麻醉药的浓度,加快麻醉药的吸收从而增加麻醉的深度.麻醉苏醒时停止给予吸入麻醉药,增加潮气量及呼吸频率,就可以加快吸入麻醉药从体内的排除,从而加速病人从麻醉中苏醒.因此,吸入麻醉的深度易于调控.另外,在达到平衡后,呼气末麻醉药的浓度等同于肺泡气中麻醉药的浓度,又与血中和脑中麻醉药的浓度是一致的,这样只要测定呼气末麻醉药的浓度,就能知道麻醉药作用部位脑中麻醉药的浓度.     

Intravenous artificial oxygen carriers

Haemoglobin-based oxygen carriers and perfluorocarbons have been developed as artificial oxygen carriers which can be safely administered intravenously. Mixed results from clinical trials to date suggest that further work is required to clearly demonstrate clinical efficacy and safety for these exciting products.