丹酚酸B壳聚糖纳米粒制备与大鼠心脏缺血/再灌注损伤保护作用研究

目的:制备丹酚酸B壳聚糖纳米粒,并考察对大鼠心脏缺血/再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法:采用离子凝胶化法制备丹酚酸B壳聚糖纳米粒,并以包封率(EE%)和粒径分布(nm)为评价指标,对丹酚酸B壳聚糖纳米粒处方进行优化;采用Malvern粒度仪测定纳米粒的粒径分布和Zeta电位,透射电镜考察其形态;并考察丹酚酸B壳聚糖纳米粒的体外释药行为;考察丹酚酸B壳聚糖纳米粒对大鼠心脏缺血/再灌注损伤的保护作用。结果:丹酚酸B壳聚糖纳米粒的包封率为85.8%±3.1%;粒径为(166.1±42.4)nm,Pd I为(0.189±0.032),Zeta电位为(+24.9±4.5)m V;透射电镜显示丹酚酸B壳聚糖纳米粒粒径均一,成球状;纳米粒在24 h内平稳缓慢释药;丹酚酸B壳聚糖纳米粒可以增加大鼠心脏缺血/再灌注损伤的保护作用。结论:丹酚酸B壳聚糖纳米粒对大鼠心脏缺血/再灌注损伤具有良好的保护作用。     

胰岛素多肽固体脂质纳米粒的制备与理化性质研究

目的该课题选用水溶性多肽类药物,以生物相容性好的脂质为主体材料,制备固体脂质纳米粒。方法采用溶剂扩散法制备单硬脂酸甘油脂纳米粒,以胰岛素(ISULIN)为模型药物。研究纳米粒的理化性质,以微粒粒度与zeta电位测定仪测定其粒径分布、表面电位;高效液相法测定了药物包封率;考察载药纳米粒的体外释放特性;以4种不同比例的硬脂酸、油酸和单硬脂酸甘油脂,通过溶剂扩散法制备混合脂质纳米粒,考察混合脂质纳米粒的理化性质、包封率和体外释放特性。结果用水性溶剂扩散法可简便快速制备得到单硬脂酸甘油酷固体脂质纳米粒,纳米粒粒径呈单峰分布,体均粒径(435.3±121.6)nm,表面电位-(20.7±1.6)mV。采用HPLC测定,药物的包封率68.2%。体外释放研究结果显示,INSULIN-SLN在前8h快速释放了纳米粒所载药物的28.4%,随后每天以3.7%的速率持续释放。结论采用单硬脂酸甘油醋、硬脂酸、油酸混合脂质处方,并不显著影响纳米粒的粒径、表面电位和药物的包封率。油酸的加入,可在一定程度上增加药物的释放。     

壳聚糖修饰的神经毒素纳米粒的制备及体外释放研究

目的:制备粒径小、形态均匀、包封率较高、带稳定正电荷的神经毒素纳米粒并研究其体外释放行为.方法:选用聚乳酸为载体,壳聚糖为修饰物,采用复乳法制备神经毒素纳米粒,在单因素试验的基础上结合正交试验优化纳米粒的制备工艺,并对其体外释药特性进行研究.结果:采用优化方法制备的纳米粒粒径较小(140.5 nm),形态规则,大小均匀,包封率高(83.5%),Zeta电位为+30.5 mV;体外释药行为符合Weibull方程.结论:建立的制备工艺可行,所得纳米粒包封率高,大小均匀,体外释药具有明显的缓释特征.     

转铁蛋白修饰的负载三七皂苷R1的PEG-PLGA纳米粒制备及其体外释药评价

目的:采用单因素试验与正交试验优化转铁蛋白(Tf)修饰的负载三七皂苷R1的PEG-PLGA纳米粒(R1@Tf-PEG-PLGA NPs)的制备工艺,并对其质量进行评价。方法:采用纳米沉淀法制备负载三七皂苷R1的PEG-PLGA纳米粒(R1@PEG-PLGA NPs),通过单因素试验与正交试验优选其最佳制备条件。将Tf共价偶联在纳米粒表面,制得R1@Tf-PEG-PLGA NPs。以Tf接枝率为指标,通过单因素试验优选其制备条件。采用激光粒度仪和透射电子显微镜对纳米粒进行形态表征及理化参数测定。采用透析法进行纳米粒体外释药研究,并对释药过程进行动力学模型拟合。结果:制得的R1@Tf-PEG-PLGA NPs形态圆整、分散性良好,粒径(153.50±2.01)nm,多分散指数0.11±0.01,Zeta电位(-17.57±1.45)mV,包封率(50.32±0.86)%,载药量(24.26±0.18)%,蛋白接枝率(42.09±0.62)%。药物24 h累积释放率80%,体外释放过程符合Riger-Peppas动力学模型。结论:制得的R1@Tf-PEG-PLGA NPs粒径均一,包封率与载药量适宜,能够延缓药物的释放。     

透明质酸修饰的葛根素PEG-PLGA纳米粒的处方工艺优化及其体外评价

目的?以乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物（PEG-PLGA）为载体,优化纳米沉淀法制备透明质酸修饰的葛根素PEG-PLGA纳米粒（HA/Pue-NPs）,并对其体外性质进行初步评价。方法?以PEG-PLGA为载体材料,透明质酸为表面修饰剂,采用纳米沉淀法制备了透明质酸修饰的HA/Pue-NPs;应用正交实验设计优化处方,对其体外性质进行表征;并采用体外释药行为评价透明质酸修饰HA/Pue-NPs。结果?制备出的载药纳米粒外观呈球形,平均粒径、Zeta电位分别为（88.9±2.2）nm、（-21.9±0.54）mV,载药量及包封率分别为6.75%、78.52%。体外释药试验表明,载药纳米粒释药缓慢,24h的累计释放率为65.8%。结论?透明质酸修饰的葛根素PEG-PLGA纳米粒粒径大小均一,体外性质良好且具有一定的缓释特性。      

重组人血管内皮抑素壳聚糖纳米粒的制备及体外评价

采用离子凝胶法制备重组人血管内皮抑素(商品名:Endostar)壳聚糖纳米粒,并对纳米粒的载药量、包封率、粒径、形态、体外释放、体外活性及Endostar结构的完整性进行考察。制得的Endostar壳聚糖纳米粒载药量为(10.5±1.1)%,包封率为(81.3±1.8)%;平均粒径为137 nm,为球形结构;体外释放10 d累积释放达到80%。凝胶电泳实验说明Endostar结构完整,制备与释放过程结构均未被破坏;人脐静脉内皮细胞增殖实验说明Endostar纳米粒仍保留原有的生物活性。结果表明壳聚糖作Endostar的载体,制得的纳米粒具有合适的粒径及包封率,并能达到缓释作用,不会破坏Endostar的结构,同时保留原有的生物活性。     

O-羧甲基乳糖酰化壳聚糖-聚乳酸阿霉素纳米粒的制备及其物理化学性质的测定

目的制备具有肝靶向性的O-羧甲基乳糖酰化壳聚糖-聚乳酸阿霉素纳米粒,并对纳米粒药物含量、包封率和粒径大小进行检测。方法制备出O-羧甲基乳糖酰化壳聚糖-聚乳酸阿霉素纳米粒,并通过紫外分光光度计测定纳米粒的载药量以及包封率,激光粒度分析仪及电镜测量粒径大小。结果电镜及激光粒度分析仪检测证实纳米粒大小均匀,粒径(197±32)nm,载药量为(44.79±4.27)μg/mg,包封率(67.34±3.32)%。结论该实验制备的纳米粒其粒径小,载药量及包封率高。     

负载表阿霉素乙酰普鲁兰纳米粒的制备及细胞摄取

①目的 探讨疏水性乙酰普鲁兰作为纳米药物载体负载表阿霉素的可行性.②方法 采用溶剂扩散法制备负载表阿霉素的PA纳米粒,并对其形态、粒径、包封率、载药量、体外释药特征和细胞摄取进行研究.③结果 载药PA纳米粒为球形,载药量随乙酰基取代度的增大而增加,药物体外累积释放量随乙酰基取代度增高及释放介质pH降低而加快;与KB细胞(口腔上皮癌细胞株)温育2h,纳米粒中药物主要位于细胞浆,而游离药物主要位于胞核.④结论 溶剂扩散法制备负载表阿霉素的PA纳米粒包封率和载药量高,体外释药具有缓释制剂特征,并可被肿瘤内吞入细胞.     

聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物载肝细胞生长因子纳米粒的构建及生物学活性评价

目的探究制备聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物（PLGA）纳米粒的优化条件,构建肝细胞生长因子（HGF）纳米粒,评价其包封率、 载药量、回收率、释放度和生物学活性。方法采用复乳溶剂挥发法制备牛血清白蛋白（BSA）PLGA纳米粒,通过正交试验设计, 以粒径较小,包封率、载药量和回收率较高为考察指标,优化纳米粒的制备条件;选取优化条件制备HGF纳米粒,分别采用BCA 试剂盒和HGF-ELISA试剂盒检测BSA纳米粒和HGF纳米粒的包封率、载药量和释放度,通过CCK8增殖实验评价HGF纳米粒 的生物活性。结果优化条件下制备的HGF 纳米粒大小均匀,粒径234.4±4.8 nm,包封率（77.75±3.04）%,回收率（49.33± 9.34）%,体外释放度曲线表现为先突释,后缓释;HGF纳米粒可以促进角质形成细胞的增殖。结论复乳溶剂挥发法-优化条件 下制备的HGF纳米粒具有较高包封率,良好的缓释效果和生物学活性。     

黄芩素PLGA纳米粒的体外评价及细胞相容性研究

[目的]制备黄芩素聚(乳酸-羟基乙酸)共聚物(PLGA)纳米粒,并对其理化性质、体外释药以及体外角膜细胞相容性进行研究。[方法]使用乳化溶剂挥发法制备黄芩素PLGA纳米粒,评价其性质和体外缓释效果,主要包括:纳米粒粒径,纳米粒包封率,药物载药量和体外缓释曲线等。采用细胞增殖实验评价黄芩素PLGA纳米粒的细胞毒性。[结果]黄芩素PLGA纳米粒粒径(92.5±2.35)nm、Zeta电位(-21.1±2.5)mV、包封率(92.5±2.35)%、载药量(23.12±1.45)%。体外缓释实验提示:突释阶段黄芩素释放率在1 d内达(8.37±0.31)%,缓释阶段纳米粒可稳定释放,在10 d时释放达(51.30±0.50)%,细胞增殖实验提示黄芩素PLGA纳米粒对细胞体外生长无不良影响,细胞相容性好。[结论]采用乳化溶剂挥发法制备的黄芩素PLGA纳米粒具有良好的缓释效应和良好的细胞相容性。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.