氧瓶燃烧—分光光度法测定人发中的锌含量

介绍一种用氧瓶燃烧－可见分光光度法快速测定人发中锌含量的新方法。在选定的实验条件下，锌离子的线性范围是０．０５￣４．０μｍ／ｍｌ。用于人发锌含量分析，其相对标准偏差和回收率分别为２．５６％（ｎ＝５）和１０２．５％．此法比目前常用的分析方法更简便快捷，尤其适合于临床快速分析。     

齐齐哈尔医学院在校大学生发锌含量调查分析

目的对在校大学生发锌含量与营养状况的关系进行分析，从而了解在校大学生的健康状况，通过改善饮食习惯来促进在校大学生的身体健康。方法调查330名在校大学生发锌含量，其中男性75名，女性225名。采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定发锌含量，通过SPSS11．5软件对数据进行整理分析，分类变量采用X^2检验，数值变量采用t检验或方差分析。结果男性发锌含量为173．56-74．03μg／g，发锌含量不足4人，占总人数1．2％；女性发锌含量为209．57-109．601xg／g，发锌含量不足29人，占总人数8．9％。结论330名在校大学生体内锌营养状况基本处于正常范围内。饮食行为习惯、营养知识程度以及好动、厌食等症状是影响在校大学生发锌水平的主要因素。     

西宁地区小儿发锌含量调查及发锌与小儿生长发育和营养性缺铁性贫血关系的探讨

本文报告了西宁地区330名1岁—7岁健康儿童发锌含量（X±S）为94．96±44．24ppm，低锌（指发锌低于110ppm）率为61．8％，缺锌（指发锌低于70ppm）率为33．6％；127例贫血患儿的发锌含量为7406±34．35ppm，低锌率88．1％，缺锌率47．2％，生长发育迟缓儿童发锌含量为82．23±37．91ppm，低锌率71．2％，缺锌率45．8％，贫血儿童与健康儿童发锌含量有非常显著性差异。     

娃娃乐口服液治疗小儿厌食症伴锌铁钙缺乏的临床与实验研究

用自行研制新药娃娃乐口服液治疗小儿脾虚厌食症，显效率64．52％，发锌、发钙含量提高率42．28％、35．91％，显著优于阳性对照组显效率33．33％及发锌、发钙含量提高率9．89％、14．23％（P＜0．05～0．01）、药理实验结果表明：娃娃乐口服液具有显著增强胃蛋白酶活性、促进肠道吸收、提高脾座小鼠耐寒耐热耐疲劳作用。此作用略强于阳性对照组药物。     

女性不孕症患者头发中锌,铜含量分析

检测158例女性不孕症患者和50例正常人头发中微量元素锌、铜的含量，旨在探讨微量元素对不孕症的影响。结果发现不孕症组发锌较正常人组低（P＜0．01），而不孕症组发铜较正常人组高（P＜0．01）。表明锌低铜高影响女性受孕。     

原子吸收火焰法测定合力康粉剂中钾、钠、钙、镁、锌、铁的含量

目的：采用原子吸收火焰法测定合力康粉剂中钾、钠、钙、镁、锌、铁的含量。方法：用盐酸-硝酸-水(9：1．5：25)混酸湿法水浴加热消化处理样品，硝酸锶作镁离子释放剂，乙炔-空气火焰原子吸收法。结果：钾、钠、钙镁、锌、铁加样回收率与RSD(n=5)分剐为98．3％、0．8％；100．8％、3．2％；101．8％、1．3％；102．5％、2．1％；101．2％、2．8％；97．4％、2．4％。特征浓度分别为(产生0．0044吸收所需要的浓度，μg/m1)0．02、0．01、0．07、0．003、0．0l、0．06。结论：该方法简便、快速、结果准确，适用于合力康粉剂粉剂中钾、钠、钙、镁、锌、铁的含量测定。     

石墨炉原子吸收测定发锌不确定度评定

小儿锌缺乏症发锌、血清锌检测诊断依据近年来有关微量元素的研究，在医学领域内迅速开展^[1]。头发标本取材方便、易得，受检者无痛苦，广大儿童乐意接受，且深受家长的欢迎。采集自枕部发际至耳后部头发（用不锈钢剪刀，剪取离发根约0．5cm左右，每例剪头发0．1～0．5g），用蒸馏水洗涤后Varin原子吸收分光光度计测定锌含量。     

3～5岁儿童发中微量元素与形态发育的关系

目的：研究儿童发中微量元素与形态发育的关系。方法：随机抽样检测369例3～5岁儿童发中钙、镁、锌、锰水平,与其身高、体重、胸围等形态发育状况做多元回归分析。结果：3岁组男童的身高与发中锌含量呈显著正相关（P〈0．05）;女童的身高与发中钙含量呈显著负相关（P〈0．05）。4岁组男童的身高、体重、胸围与发中钙、镁、锌、锰含量均呈显著正相关（P〈0．01）,其它年龄组儿童的身高、体重、胸围与发中钙、镁、锌、锰含量无回归关系（P〉0．05）。将发中钙、镁、锌、锰4种元素与营养指数进行多元回归分析,结果显示均无回归关系（P〉0．05）。结论：儿童发中微量元素水平与形态发育有一定的相关性。     

1.5次微分伏安法测定食物中的锌、铁、锰

目的：测定食物中锌、铁、锰的含量。方法：采用1．5次微分伏安法进行测定。结果：在选定的试验条件下，锌、铁和锰的浓度在0．02μg／ml～4．0μg／ml范围内与峰高呈线性关系。样品测定的相对标准偏差为4．7％～10．0％，回收率为92．5％～106．0％。对食物样品分析的结果与电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP)比较，没有显著性差异。结论：该法简单、准确、灵敏度高，适用于食物中锌、铁、锰含量的测定。     

茂名市区部分儿童头发微量元素含量调查及与身高、体重关系的研究

目的：探讨头发微量元素含量与平衡膳食及身体生长发育的关系。方法：将枕部不少于0．15g的头发通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法进行检测。结果：头发中锌、钙、铁、铜、锰的缺乏率分别为：42．3％；37．6％；26．4％；7．2％；5．7％，发铅超标率为22．8％。锌缺乏率随年龄增长而增高，钙缺乏率则有下降趋势。发锌与儿童的身高、体重多数呈正相关关系，而发铅的浓度则与儿童的身高、体重呈负相关关系。结论：由此可见，锌、钙、铁营养不足是本市区儿童较普遍存在的，是影响我市儿童生长发育的因素。应提倡合理平衡膳食，改善微量元素总体水平，促进儿童健康成长。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.