人工合成成骨生长肽对辐射损伤小鼠造血功能的保护作用

目的　探讨人工合成成骨生长肽 (sOGP)对辐射损伤小鼠造血功能的保护作用 ,阐明其剂量 效应关系。方法　以 4 .0和 7.5Gy13 7Csγ射线照射小鼠为模型 ,采用皮下注射和肌肉注射 2种给药途径连续 8d给予sOGP ,剂量范围为 0 .0 39～ 6 4 0nmol/(kg·d) ,观察外周血象、骨髓有核细胞数、骨髓粒系造血祖细胞集落形成(CFU G)、骨髓细胞分类和骨髓切片组织学等的变化。结果　sOGP能加快受照小鼠外周血白细胞、骨髓有核细胞数的恢复 ,在一定的剂量范围内呈明显的剂量依赖性 ,并能刺激髓外造血 ;促进 (CFU G)形成作用显著高于重组人粒系集落刺激因子 (rhG CSF)约 2倍 ;骨髓病理学观察显示sOGP能加快受照小鼠骨髓造血组织损伤的恢复 ,刺激骨髓粒系增生。结论　sOGP可明显促进受照射小鼠造血功能的恢复 ,其机制可能是通过作用于早期造血阶段或 (及 )改善微环境进而促进造血。     

成骨生长肽促进化疗小鼠造血功能的恢复

目的 研究人工合成成骨生长肽(sOGP)对化疗损伤小鼠造血功能恢复的促进作用。方法 用环磷酰胺(Cy)腹腔注射每日100mg/kg连续3d，造成小鼠的化疗损伤模型，造模前3天始给予不同剂量的sOGP(每日5～625nmol／kg)连续8d，采用皮下注射和肌肉注射2种给药途径，第9天检测外周血白细胞(WBC)、骨髓有核细胞数(BMNC)、骨髓粒系造血祖细胞集落(CFU—G)形成、骨髓细胞分类和骨髓切片组织学等的变化。结果 sOGP能促进Cy损伤小鼠WBC、BMNC的恢复，各剂量组间无明显差异，且效果不及阳性对照药rhG-CSF；而CFU-G的形成则明显高于rhG-CSF；骨髓细胞分类计数显示sOGP对粒系、红系和巨核系都有促恢复的作用；组织学切片显示sOGP具有与rhG—CSF相似的促恢复作用。皮下注射和肌肉注射2种给药途径没有引起结果的差异。结论 sOGP可明显促进Cy损伤小鼠造血功能的恢复，其作用环节可能在造血的上游位置，提示sOGP作为血液系肿瘤治疗辅助用药的潜在价值。     

不同剂量rhIL-1β保护γ线照射小鼠的实验研究

以60Coγ射线照射小鼠为模型，研究了rhIL－1β不同剂量对照射小鼠造血恢复的影响。结果给予不同剂量rhIL－1β（3×103u／鼠～3×105u／鼠）后可使6．5Gy照射小鼠外周血白细胞、红细胞及血小板的恢复明显加快，照后10d骨髓CFU－GM、BFU－E及BFU－Meg含量随给药剂量加大而增加。表明rhIL－1β能促进照射小鼠的造血功能恢复。     

骨髓间充质干细胞移植重建极重度放射损伤小鼠造血功能

目的:探讨小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell,mMSC)单独输注对重度放射损伤小鼠造血功能重建的影响.方法:将体外培养扩增的雄性C57BL/6小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞输注给受致死剂量全身照射(8 Gy)的雌性C57BL/6小鼠,检测移植后外周血象、骨髓有核细胞数、病理变化、粒-单核细胞系祖细胞集落(CFU-GM)计数及性染色体比例,以未输注MSCs的小鼠作对照.结果:对照组小鼠(n=6)在照射后20 d内全部死于造血功能衰竭;MSCs组移植后血象明显下降,但2周后迅速恢复,28 d时恢复到照射前的60%左右,42 d外周血象基本恢复.MSC促进骨髓有核细胞数及CFU-GM快速恢复,有利于骨髓组织学的明显恢复改善.移植后42 d,仍可在受致死量照射的受体鼠内检测到供体MSC,但不能长期植入.结论:小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞单独输注可促进重度放射损伤小鼠的造血功能恢复,其植入时间长短可能与输注的细胞量有关.     

无细胞胎肝液对大剂量化疗后小鼠骨髓造血细胞的影响

采用小鼠体内液体扩散盒及脾结节法观察了胎鼠和成年小鼠肝脏无细胞液对大剂量环磷酰胺化疗后小鼠骨髓造血细胞增殖与分化的影响。发现无细胞胎肝液能明显促进受抑制骨髓中多能造血干细胞(CFU—S)的集落形成率,但对扩散盒内粒系祖细胞(CFU—D)的增殖分化无促进作用。成年鼠肝无细胞液则对造血细胞的增殖无刺激活性,不能促进化疗后小鼠骨髓中造血干细胞恢复。认为无细胞胎肝液中存在的造血刺激因子能有效缓解细胞毒剂对骨髓多能造血干细胞的抑制。     

补肾活血冲剂对再生障碍性贫血小鼠骨髓造血微环境及骨髓黏附分子表达的影响

目的观察补肾活血冲剂对再生障碍性贫血(从)小鼠骨髓造血微环境及骨髓细胞黏附分子表达的影响。方法给小鼠按15ms／kg体重剂量腹腔注射马利兰，每周1次，连续5周，诱发骨髓损伤、造血功能障碍后，予补肾活血冲剂灌胃3个月进行干预，观察其骨髓结构变化、体外成纤维细胞集落形成单位(CFU—F)、骨髓单个核细胞CD49d、CD49c的表达水平、骨髓基质细胞VCAM-1的表达。结果马利兰诱发的小鼠骨髓损伤符合从的病理变化。补肾活血冲剂能促进骨髓造血微环境结构恢复，提高造血组织容量百分率及骨髓单个核细胞CD49d、CD49c及骨髓基质细胞VCAM-1的表达水平。结论补肾活血冲剂能改善骨髓造血微环境及提高骨髓基质细胞黏附分子的表达水平。     

体外扩增脐血与骨髓间充质干细胞共移植对NOD/SCID鼠造血重建的研究

目的 探讨体外扩增脐血与骨髓间充质干细胞（MSC）移植对NOD／SCID鼠早期造血重建的影响。方法 在无血清无基质培养基（SCF、FL、TPO、IL-3）中体外扩增7d,MSC培养传至第3代,移植物注射给亚致死量照射NOD／SCICD鼠,FCM分析移植后2周小鼠骨髓人CD45^＋细胞表达率。结果体外扩增脐血、MSC与未扩增脐血共移植后,小鼠骨髓CD45^＋细胞比率提高3．55倍,差异有显著性（P〈0．05）,部分小鼠血小板恢复照射前水平。结论 此3种移植物共移植可能促进NOD／SCICD小鼠早期造血重建和血小板恢复。     

重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子对辐射后小鼠中性粒细胞减少的治疗作用

目的 :观察重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子 (rhG CSF)对辐射致小鼠中性粒细胞减少的治疗作用。方法 :分别用rhG CSF 10 μg·kg- 1 ·d- 1 和 30 μg·kg- 1 ·d- 1 二个剂量对辐射致中性粒细胞减少症小鼠皮下注射 ,观察rhG CSF对辐射小鼠脾脏重量、脾表面造血灶 (CFU S)数、骨髓有核细胞数和骨髓DNA含量及骨髓粒 单核系祖细胞 (CFU GM)的影响。结果 :rhG CSF二个剂量对钴6 0 照射小鼠有明显增加脾脏重量和CFU S数 ,加速小鼠骨髓DNA合成速率的作用 ;CFU GM细胞集落形成增多。结论 :rhG CSF对辐射所致小鼠中性粒细胞减少有明显促进其造血功能的恢复、增加外周血白细胞数和中性粒细胞数     

同种异基因小鼠骨髓腔内脐血移植模型的建立及其对造血干细胞植入的影响

[目的]建立同种异基因小鼠骨髓腔内脐血移植模型,研究该技术对造血干细胞(HSC)归巢、植入率、移植后免疫造血重建、移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)等方面的影响.[方法]用C57BL/6胎鼠及新生鼠外周血(FNPB)作供体,以单侧胫骨骨髓腔内注射(IBMI)和尾静脉注射(Ⅳ)两种途径移植经亚致死量60Coγ射线辐照预处理的BALB/c鼠.200只受鼠随机分为4组:骨髓腔内注射组(IBM组);尾静脉注射组(Ⅳ组);放疗对照组;正常对照组,每组50只.用组织冰冻切片和流式细胞术动态了解CFSE标记FNPB在受体内的分布变化,并观察移植后受鼠存活状况、植入水平、造血与免疫功能恢复及GVHD情况.[结果]①荧光标记FNPB体内动力学显示直至输注后72 h,供体FNPB经IBMI后主要积聚于注射侧骨髓腔内,肺部滞留很少.而Ⅳ组及IBM组非注射侧骨髓中的FNPB细胞数显著少于IBM组注射侧,Ⅳ组非造血组织器官如肺部有明显供体细胞滞留.②同种异基因小鼠CBT模型中IBM组造血、免疫功能的恢复明显快于Ⅳ组,无GVHD,移植后90 d存活率达到90%,注射侧胫骨植入水平(29.53±6.64)%,较Ⅳ组有显著改善.③IBM输注侧骨髓中供体HSCs植入水平及造血重建速度明显优于非注射侧骨髓.[结论]成功建立同种异基因小鼠骨髓腔内脐血移植模型,并证实IBMI途径对促进HSCs植入,造血免疫功能重建,提高UCBT效果方面优于Ⅳ途径,多部位IBMI可能更有利于HSC归巢骨髓.     

海参多糖对白细胞减少症模型鼠造血功能的影响分析

目的 :探讨海参多糖对白细胞减少症模型鼠造血功能的影响。方法 :将120只小鼠随机分为6组(正常对照组、模型组、阳性对照组、海参多糖小剂量组、海参多糖中剂量组、海参多糖大剂量组)进行研究,在不同实验阶段测定其骨髓有核细胞数、外周血象及DNA含量等指标,并进行对比分析。结果 :在实验的第11d,模型组小鼠与海参多糖中剂量组小鼠的PLT、Hgb指标相比较差异显著。在实验的第14d,各海参多糖组小鼠、阳性对照组小鼠与模型组小鼠的WBC指标相比较差异显著。在实验的第14d,海参多糖中剂量组小鼠的PLT、Hgb、RBC指标明显回升,而阳性对照组小鼠的PLT、Hgb、RBC指标无明显变化。海参多糖大剂量组、海参多糖中剂量组小鼠与阳性对照组小鼠骨髓中有核细胞的数量及DNA的含量相比较,差异显著。结论 :为白细胞减少症模型鼠应用海参多糖进行治疗可取得改善其骨髓的造血功能、恢复其机体中白细胞的含量等作用,这一研究结果可为临床治疗白细胞减少症提供相关的药理学参考数据。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.