颈-股及颈-桡脉搏波速度测定在老年急性脑梗死患者中的一致性

目的 分析老年急性脑梗死患者颈动脉-股动脉脉搏波速度(cf-PWV)及颈动脉-桡动脉脉搏波速度(cr-PWV)的一致性,探讨脉搏波速度(PWV)在脑梗死防治工作中测定部位及参考值的选取.方法 测定44例老年急性脑梗死患者双侧cf-PWV及cr-PWV,Pearson相关分析及t检验分析不同部位测量值的一致性.结果 ①双侧cr-PWV无显著差异[左侧(10.73±1.88) m/s vs 右侧(10.97±1.82) m/s,P>0.05],双侧cf-PWV无显著差异[左侧(11.80±2.50) m/s vs 右侧(11.76±2.55) m/s,P>0.05];②双侧cr-PWV均显著低于cf-PWV(P<0.05);③同侧cr-PWV和cf-PWV显著相关,相关系数分别为右侧r=0.356,左侧r=0.300(P均<0.05).结论 老年急性脑梗死患者各部位PWV均有一致性,测量cf-PWV和cr-PWV均可反映脑血管弹性改变.     

臂踝脉搏波传导速度与心血管危险因素的相关性

目的:探讨臂踝脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)与心血管危险因素及国人缺血性心血管疾病(ICVD)危险评分的相关性。方法: 2010年3月~7月天津市人民医院体检人群232例进行常规体检,应用全自动动脉硬化测定仪VBP-9测定双肢的baPWV,按代谢异常组分进行分组,分别比较各组临床基本资料、baPWV 及ICVD风险评分。结果: 随着代谢异常组分的增加,baPWV逐渐增加,代谢异常各组baPWV均高于对照组,各组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同组之间,体质量指数、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖、三酰甘油、10年风险评估随着代谢异常数目的增高而呈上升趋势,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）随着代谢异常数目的增加而降低,各组间差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）,糖尿病史、高血压病史、吸烟史各组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Logistic回归分析:baPWV影响因素中年龄 OR=1.06295%CI(1.009-1.118)、收缩压OR=1.08595%CI(1.032-1.139)、糖尿病史OR=5.65095%CI(1.735-18.395);国人ICVD危险评分与baPWV存在回归关系（r=0.531,P＜0.01）。 结论: 年龄、收缩压、糖尿病史是早期动脉粥样硬化的影响因素,各种主要心血管危险因素与baPWV测定值相关,ICVD评分与baPWV相关。     

老年代谢综合征患者脉搏波速度与心血管危险因素的相关分析

目的 探讨老年代谢综合征（metabolic syndrome，MS）患者脉搏波速度（pulse wave velocity，PWV）与心血管危险因素的相关性。方法 对93例老年MS患者和118例体检正常老年人进行PWV检测，并检测血压、腹部脂肪比率、血糖、血脂等生化指标。结果 MS组动脉弹性指标PWV平均值为（13．82±2．46）m／s，显著高于对照组（11．41±1．87）m／s（P〈0．05）；MS组中收缩压、脉压、体质量指数、血糖、三酰甘油、腹部脂肪比率均较对照组明显增加（P〈0．05）；2组中舒张压、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论 PWV与心血管危险因素收缩压、脉压、体质量指数、血糖、三酰甘油、腹部脂肪比率呈独立正相关，对MS高危人群发生心血管事件的预测有一定价值。     

Risk assessment indicators and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity to predict atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is used for predicting the severity of vascular damage and prognosis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in people with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. This correlation study aimed to compare the baPWV with other risk indicators for identification of subclinical vascular disease for primary prevention and to determine the clinical utility of baPWV-guided therapy in improving prognosis in high-risk subjects.We included 4881 subjects who underwent voluntary health examination at Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taiwan between 2014 and 2019. Participants were categorized into the low-risk (<5%), borderline-risk (5%–7.4%), intermediate-risk (7.5%–19.9%), and high-risk (≥20%) groups based on the 10-year risk for ASCVD. The predictive risk criteria, that is, the metabolic syndrome score, Framingham Risk Score, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and baPWV were compared among these groups. The chief cause of induced responses and the relationships between parameters were identified using principal component analysis. The participants’ ages, body mass index, systolic, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1c, creatinine, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, metabolic syndrome, Framingham Risk Score, and age-related arterial stiffness (vascular age) increased significantly from the low-risk to high-risk groups (P < .001). The mean estimated glomerular filtration rate decreased significantly from the low- to high-risk groups (P < .001). The predicted vascular age and actual age differed significantly between the intermediate- and high-risk groups (P < .001). High-density lipoprotein levels plummeted significantly among the 4 groups (P < .001). The right and left baPWV and ankle brachial index differed significantly among the 4 groups (all P < .001) and increased from the low-risk to high-risk groups (P < .001). Carotid Doppler ultrasonography revealed a significant increase in plaque formation (23.5%, 35.4%, 46.3%, and 61.5% for the low-, borderline-, intermediate, and high-risk groups, respectively). The total explanatory variation was 61.9% for 2 principal variation factors (baPWV, 36.8% and creatinine, 25.1%). The vascular age predicted using baPWV greatly exceeded the chronological age. Plaque formation was significant even in the low-risk group, and its frequency increased with the predicted ASCVD risk. Risk indicators and baPWV are useful predictors of ASCVD, which in conjunction with conventional pharmacotherapy could be useful for primary prevention of plaque formation in subjects with cardiovascular comorbidities.     

无创臂踝脉搏波速度的特征及与心血管危险因素的关系

目的研究分析臂踝脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)的特征以及与心血管危险因素的相关性。方法入选2013年1月至2015年3月期间在同济医院综合科参加体检并采用OMRON动脉硬化检测仪VP-1000进行baPWV检测者共3781例(包括住院患者226例)。依据baPWV的检测结果分为两组:baPWV1400 cm/s组(n=2171)和baPWV≥1400 cm/s组(n=1610)。依据合并冠心病危险因素(高血压、血糖异常、血脂异常、肥胖和吸烟史)的个数将226例住院患者分为4组:0项组(n=75)、1项组(n=33)、2项组(n=49)和3~5项组(n=69)。采用OMRON动脉硬化检测仪VP-1000测定baPWV。结果年龄、性别、心率、收缩压(SBP)、体质量指数(BMI)和平均动脉压(MAP)是影响baPWV的独立危险因素。男性和女性的baPWV均随年龄呈增加趋势,同时,每个年龄阶段的女性baPWV均显著低于同年龄阶段的男性,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。baPWV与年龄(r=0.66)、SBP(r=0.62)、舒张压(DBP,r=0.26)、MAP(r=0.59)、颈动脉内膜中层厚度(CIMT,r=0.37)、尿酸(UA,r=0.16)、血糖(Glu,r=0.17)和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c,r=0.19)呈显著正相关(P0.05),与总胆固醇(TC,r=-0.24)和左心室射血分数(LVEF,r=-0.23)呈显著负相关(P0.05)。随着合并危险因素数量的增加,年龄和baPWV均呈显著增长趋势(P0.01)。baPWV对冠心病诊断具有中等预测价值(曲线下面积为0.718,P0.05)。结论 baPWV与心血管危险因素密切相关,传统的心血管危险因素数量越多,baPWV值越大,baPWV对冠心病的诊断具有中等预测价值。     

估算的脉搏波传导速度与臂踝脉搏波传导速度的分布及一致性分析

目的观察估算的脉搏波传导速度(ePWV)和臂踝脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)在开滦研究人群中的分布特征并分析二者的一致性(差异及关联)。方法选择参加baPWV检测且基线资料完整的43 235例开滦集团公司职工作为观察人群。将研究对象按有无传统心血管危险因素分为风险人群和正常人群。在两人群中分别采用多元线性回归建立baPWV与年龄、年龄的平方、平均动脉压(MAP)的回归方程,并以此分别计算两人群的ePWV。观察ePWV和baPWV在人群中的分布特征并采用配对样本t检验和线性回归分析二者的差异和关联。结果在正常人群中,ePWV与baPWV分别为11.38±0.70 m/s和12.90±1.17 m/s;在风险人群中,ePWV与baPWV分别为14.29±1.85 m/s和15.74±1.76 m/s。无论在正常人群还是风险人群中,ePWV与baPWV均随年龄的增加而增加,男性的ePWV与baPWV均高于女性。同时,baPWV略高于ePWV(P0.01),在正常人群和风险人群中,二者平均差值分别为1.80 m/s和2.17 m/s。线性回归分析结果提示,二者在总人群、正常人群和风险人群中的线性R~2分别为0.428、0.279和0.388。结论 ePWV与baPWV具有相似的年龄、性别分布特征。二者差值相对较小且具有良好的线性关联。因此,ePWV可作为baPWV的良好替代指标。     

无创臂踝脉搏波速度在心血管疾病及其危险因素分析中的应用

无创臂踝脉搏波速度(baPWV)作为反映动脉硬化的指标,已广泛应用于临床。目前,由于国内相关baPWV的流行病学资料较为缺乏,现有资料差异较大。本文就baPWV在心血管疾病及其危险因素分析中的应用作一综述,为临床提供参考。     

冠心病患者脉搏波传导速度与心功能的相关性

目的研究冠心病患者脉搏波传导速度(PWV)与心功能的相关性。方法选取经冠状动脉造影确诊为冠心病者366例,收集一般临床资料,测定肱踝PWV(baPWV),行超声心动图检查等,同时在入选患者中选取44例行多普勒组织成像。结果冠心病患者baPWV与室间隔厚度(r=0.306,P<0.001)、左心室后壁厚度(r=0.365,P<0.001)、左心室质量分数(r=0.293,P<0.001)和E/Ea(r=0.458,P<0.01)呈显著正相关,与射血分数(r=-0.210,P<0.001)、Ea(r=-0.428,P<0.01)、Ea/Aa(r=-0.331,P<0.05)呈显著负相关。在除外高血压等的影响后,偏相关分析显示,baPWV与室间隔厚度(r=0.231,P<0.001)、左心室后壁厚度(r=0.320,P<0.001)、左心室质量分数(r=0.233,P<0.001)、射血分数(r=-0.182,P<0.001)、Ea(r=-0.429,P<0.01)、Ea/Aa(r=-0.339,P<0.05)、E/Ea(r=0.437,P<0.01)仍显著相关。冠心病患者不同心功能分级组间的baPWV差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),baPWV随临床心功能恶化而升高。结论 baPWV与冠心病患者左心室肥厚、左心室收缩和舒张功能、临床心功能均具有相关性,baPWV可以作为评估冠心病患者心功能的一个指标。     

脉搏波传导速度评价动脉粥样硬化性疾病的应用进展

动脉粥样硬化是导致各种心脑血管事件的主要因素,也是糖尿病、高血压、高脂血症等慢性疾病最主要的致病机制,早诊断早治疗是延缓及控制动脉粥样硬化性疾病的重要措施.脉搏波传导速度作为一种有效评估动脉粥样硬化的手段,因其无创、经济、操作简单等优点,近年在临床使用广泛.该文主要从脉搏波传导速度测定原理及应用两大方面作一综述.     

糖尿病患者颈股脉搏波传导速度与冠脉病变严重程度的关系

目的探讨糖尿病患者颈股脉搏波速度（cfPWV）与冠状动脉狭窄程度积分（Gensini）的相关性及特点,为临床进一步广泛应用提供依据。方法入选疑诊冠心病并行冠脉造影术患者160例,其中男性82例,女性78例,年龄40-78（55±10）岁,分为四组：A组（无糖尿病及冠心病,对照组）、B组（无糖尿病有冠心病）、C组（有糖尿病无冠心病）和D组（糖尿病合并冠心病）,每组各40例。检测患者cfPWV;冠脉病变严重程度根据美国心脏协会制定的Gensini评分系统对每支血管病变程度进行定量评定;cfPWV与年龄、血脂、血压、Gensini积分分别进行相关分析。结果四组患者间年龄、性别、吸烟率、BMI、HDL—C差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,脉压、TG、TC及LDL—C差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。四组患者间收缩压及舒张压差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。D组cfPWV最快,与其他三组相比差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）;B组与C组cfPWV比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;B组与C组cfPWV均大于A组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。B组与C组Gensini积分比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;D组Gensini积分明显高于其他三组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;B组明显高于A组和c组（P〈0．05）,A组与C组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。cfPWV与年龄、收缩压、舒张压、Gensini积分呈正相关（相关系数分别为0．231、0．229、0．281和0．348,P均〈0．05）。D组患者cfPWV与Gensini积分呈正相关（r=0．408,P〈0．叭）;D组Gensini积分明显高于B组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论糖尿病合并冠心病组的cfPWV和Gensini积分明显增高。cfPWV与Gensini积分呈正相关,cfPWV可作为一项预测冠状动脉病变严重程度的无创性检查指标。     

臂?踝脉搏波传导速度与非酒精性脂肪性肝病及代谢综合征的研究进展

脉搏波传导速度（PWV）是近年发展起来的一个评估动脉弹性及僵硬度的早期敏感指标，因其检测具有操作简便、无创、可重复性好等优点而逐渐应用于临床。非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）与代谢综合征均影响动脉硬化的发生和进展，而应用PWV可以早期检测到这些患者动脉硬化的发生。本文就臂?踝PWV（ba-PWV）与NAFLD及代谢综合征的相关研究进展作一综述。     

老年冠心病患者脉搏波传导速度影响因素的分层分析

目的探讨老年冠心病患者的危险因素对脉搏波传导速度（PWV）的影响。方法对142老年患者进行PWV测量,用聚类分层法对不同PWV及其各危险因素分层下两组中PWV的检出率进行统计分析。结果冠心病患者在PWV〈1550cm／s组的检出率显著低于对照组,在1550～1850cm／s和〉1850cm／s者的检出率高于对照组,三者间比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。冠心病患者PWV的异常在年龄、性别、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血压、血糖和体重指数等危险因素各分层之间比较,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论年龄、收缩压、BMI和LDL—C是PWV异常的独立影响因子。     

Pulse wave velocity in familial combined hyperlipidemia

BACKGROUND: In the present cross-sectional study we investigated whether familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) is associated with an increased arterial wall stiffness, and whether measures of arterial wall stiffness in FCH family members could contribute to cardiovascular risk stratification. METHODS: Ninety-eight subjects with FCH and 230 unaffected relatives filled out a questionnaire about their smoking habits, medical history, and medication use. Fasting venous blood was drawn after discontinuation of any lipid-lowering medication. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx) were determined by applanation tonometry as surrogate markers of arterial stiffness. RESULTS: Patients with FCH had a significantly increased PWV compared to their unaffected relatives (9.07 +/- 2.75 v 8.28 +/- 2.62 m/sec, P = .005), whereas AIx was not increased (21.6 +/- 12.7 v 15.6 +/- 14.1, P = .96). Age- and gender-adjusted PWV was an equally good predictor of the presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in FCH family members as the most predictive combination of age- and gender-adjusted clinical and biochemical risk factors, including total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure (area under the receiver operating curve (ROC) [AUC] 0.83 [0.76-0.90] v AUC 0.84 [0.78-0.91], P = .83). Addition of PWV to the multivariable prognostic model, including these age- and gender-adjusted traditional risk factors, did not increase the predictive ability for CVD (AUC 0.84 [0.79-0.89]). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with FCH are characterized by an increased arterial stiffness. The PWV predicts the presence of CVD equally well as any combination of clinical and traditional biochemical risk factors, but PWV has no additional value in addition to traditional risk factor screening in FCH families.     

Brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity as a measurement for increased carotid intima‐media thickness: A comparison with carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity in a Chinese community‐based cohort

Carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) act as two most frequently applied indicators to evaluate arterial stiffness. Limited studies have systematically compared the relationships between cfPWV/baPWV and increased carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT). This study aimed to investigate the associations of the two PWV indices with cIMT in a Chinese community‐based population. A total of 6026 Chinese participants from an atherosclerosis cohort were included in our analysis. Increased cIMT was defined as the maximum of cIMT > 0.9 mm in end‐systolic period of carotid artery. Mean (SD) cfPWV and baPWV were 8.55±1.83  and 16.79±3.35 m/s, respectively. The prevalence of increased cIMT was 59.58%. In multivariable logistic regression, both PWVs were independently associated with increased cIMT after adjustment for various confounders (for 1 m/s increase of cfPWV: OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02‐1.11; for 1 m/s increase of baPWV: OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00‐1.05). The highest cfPWV and baPWV quartile groups had higher prevalence of increased cIMT when compared with the lowest quartile groups (for cfPWV: OR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.06‐1.55; for baPWV: OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.00‐1.50). However, when both PWVs were added into multivariable model simultaneously, only cfPWV was associated with odds of increased cIMT. Subgroup analyses further showed cfPWV was more strongly associated with increased cIMT than baPWV in males, participants aged ≥65 years, and those with other cardiovascular risk factors. In conclusion, both cfPWV and baPWV are associated with increased cIMT in a Chinese community‐based population. Furthermore, cfPWV is more strongly correlated with increased cIMT compared to baPWV.     

Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity is an independent predictor of carotid artery atherosclerosis in the elderly

Objective Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity （baPWV） is widely used as a simple noninvasive measure of arterial softness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of baPWV as a predictor of the carotid artery atherosclerosis in the elderly. Methods A total of 721 elderly participants （mean ~ SD age, 70.3 -4- 5.6years） were enrolled in the current study. All participant underwent both baPWV measurement and B-mode ultrasound for the intima-media thickness. Carotid atherosclerosis （CAS） was defined as the present of carotid plaque or and/or intima media thickness for at least 1.1 mm. Results A multivariate logistic regression analysis reveals that age, sex, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, smoking and LDL-C level showed a significant correlation with the presence of CAS. The odds ratios of CAS associated with a 500cm/s increase of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity were 2.378 [95% confidence interval, 1.36 to 4.00, P〈0.05], 3.733 [95% confidence interval, 1.729 to 8.058, P〈0.01], 4.438 [95% confidence interval, 1.659 to 11.803, P〈0.01]. The baPWV significantly correlated with IMT by bivariate correlation analysis （r=-0.39; p=0.001）. After adjusting for factors influencing, baPWV all the same correlated with IMT （r=-0.35; p=0.001）.Conclusion These results indicate that brachial-ankle PWV is an independent predictor of CAS in the elderly.It also means that the direct measurement of arterial stiffness by this simple method may be of great help for the evaluation of carotid artherosclerosis, at least in the elderly     

脉搏波传导速度与冠状动脉病变严重程度的相关性：324例老年病例分析

目的探讨脉搏波传导速度（PWV）与冠状动脉粥样硬化程度的相关性。方法2008年1月至2010年1月因胸痛入住解放军总医院老年心血管病研究所行冠状动脉造影检查的患者324例,其中男性213例,女性111例,年龄（61±12）岁。根据冠状动脉造影结果分为两组：冠心病组和正常组。冠心病组为冠状动脉造影显示至少有一支以上血管狭窄程度≥50％。同时根据冠状动脉血管病变的支数分为单支病变、双支病变、严重病变[三支病变或（和）左主干病变]组。采用全自动动脉硬化测定仪同步记录左右侧肱动脉一踝动脉脉搏波传导速度（baPWV）作为反映大动脉弹性的指标。结果对324例患者影响冠心病发生的多元logistic逐步回归分析表明,性别、吸烟、PWV是冠心病独立的危险因素。PWV与冠状动脉病变支数的Spearman等级相关分析显示,PWV与冠心病病变支数成正相关（r=0．307,P=0．005）,在校正多种危险因素后相关性消失。多元回归分析表明,PWV≥1600cm／s的患者发生严重病变的危险度是Pwv〈1600cm／s者的5．736倍。结论动脉弹性减退与冠心病有关,冠心病严重病变者较轻度病变者动脉弹性减退更为明显。     

脉搏波传导速度与冠心病患者心肌重构及心功能之间关系的研究

目的 研究脉搏波传导速度与冠心病患者心肌重构及心功能之间的关系.方法 98例冠心病患者根据臂踝脉搏波传导速度（baPWV）的大小分为两组：baPWV正常组40例和baPWV增高组58例.每例均抽血行脑钠肽（BNP）检查,多普勒超声心动图测量室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度及左室舒张末内径（LVDd）,计算左室质量指数（LVMI）和左室射血分数（LVEF）,比较两组各项指标的差异.结果 与冠心病baPWV正常组相比,baPWV增高组的LVMI、LVDd和BNP均升高,LVEF下降,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;且baPWV与LVMI、LVDd和BNP呈正相关（均P＜0.01）,与 LVEF呈负相关（P＜0.05）.结论 脉搏波传导速度与冠心病患者心肌重构及心功能损害有关,对冠心病患者心肌重构及心功能有良好的预测作用.     

原发性高血压患者血清脑钠肽水平与动脉脉搏波传导速度的关系

目的:探讨原发性高血压患者颈-股动脉脉搏波传导速度(cfPWV)与血浆脑钠肽(BNP)水平的关系。方法:95例符合入选标准的无左室肥厚的原发性高血压患者,用动脉硬化测定仪测量其cfPWV,并依据cfPWV值分成3组,采用荧光免疫法定量测定其血清BNP水平。结果:各组患者在年龄、TC、空腹血糖、LDL、HDL、血肌酐、血尿素氮等生化指标和体质指数等方面比较均差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),血压之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。3组患者血清BNP水平随cfPWV增加而增加(P<0.01),BNP水平与cfPWV呈正相关(r=0.694,P=0.026);二尖瓣舒张早期充盈速度与舒张晚期充盈速度比值(E/A)随cfPWV、BNP水平的增加而降低(P<0.01),E/A值与cfPWV呈负相关(r=-0.837,P=0.041)。结论:在尚未出现左室肥厚的原发性高血压患者中,BNP可作为患者动脉硬化水平的预测指标。     

脉搏波传导速度临床意义及其与代谢综合征相关性研究进展

脉搏波传导速度(pulse wave velocity,PWV)作为评估动脉僵硬度的指标其重要意义在于其是心血管事件的独立预测因子。本文就PWV的监测原理、种类、测量方法、影响因素及其与代谢综合征的相关性研究进展进行综述。