决奈达隆有关物质的合成

2-丁基-5-硝基苯并呋喃和4-甲氧基苯甲酰氯经Friedel-Crafts反应、去甲基化、醚化、还原和甲磺酰化制得N-[2-丁基-3-[4-(3-氯丙氧基)苯甲酰基]-5-苯并呋喃基]甲磺酰胺,再经碘代后与正丁胺反应得到去丁基决奈达隆,结构经核磁共振氢谱、碳谱、红外光谱和质谱确证,该化合物可作为决奈达隆质控的对照物。     

盐酸决奈达隆的合成

2-正丁基-5-乙酰胺基苯并呋喃和4-(3-氯丙氧基)苯甲酰氯经Friedel-Crafts反应,与二正丁胺缩合得2-正丁基-3- [4- (3-二正丁胺基丙氧基)苯甲酰基]-5-乙酰胺基苯并呋喃,再经盐酸水解、与草酸成盐精制得2-正丁基-3-[4-(3-二正丁胺基丙氧基)苯甲酰基]-5-氨基苯并呋喃二草酸盐,最后经甲磺酰化、成盐制得盐酸决条达隆,总收率约41％.     

抗心律失常新药决奈达隆的不良反应与相互作用

决奈达隆是一种化学结构与胺碘酮相似的新的抗心律失常药物。2011年美国版和2010年欧洲版心房颤动指南均推荐决奈达隆用于心房颤动的治疗。决奈达隆的疗效虽然不如胺碘酮,但不良反应及耐受性明显好于胺碘酮,无甲状腺毒性、肺毒性和眼毒性,致心律失常的可能性也很低。决奈达隆的不良反应主要是消化系统反应(腹泻、恶心和呕吐等)、循环系统反应(致尖端扭转型室速、心动过缓、心血管不良事件死亡率升高等)、升高血清肌酐水平及头晕、头痛等神经系统不良反应。决奈达隆与其他药物的不良相互作用主要涉及经CYP450 3A4和CYP450 2D9代谢(诱导剂和抑制剂)的药物。决奈达隆的不良反应及药物相互作用值得心血管内科临床医生重视。     

高效液相色谱法测定盐酸决奈达隆片的溶出度

目的 应用高效液相色谱技术建立盐酸决奈达隆片溶出度的测定方法. 方法 采用Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18 色谱柱(100 mm×4.6 mm,3.5 μm)进行分离,以2 mmol.L^-1磷酸二氢钠(氢氧化钠调至pH 7.0)-甲醇-乙腈(20:30:50)为流动相,流速1.5 mL.min^-1,检测波长290 nm. 溶出度采用浆法,以水900 mL为溶出介质,转速125 r.min^-1. 结果 辅料不干扰决奈达隆的测定;决奈达隆的线性相关系数(r)为1.000 0;检出限(以决奈达隆游离碱计)为0.19 mg.L^-1;精密度和12 h稳定性RSD均<1%;回收率101.2%～102.1%. 3批样品溶出度的均一性良好(RSD<7%),平均溶出度均＞75%. 结论 该方法准确、简单、快速,可作为盐酸决奈达隆片溶出度的测定方法.     

盐酸度洛西汀的合成

以2-乙酰噻吩、N-甲基苄胺和多聚甲醛为原料,经Mannich反应、硼氢化钠还原、与1-氟萘经O-烷基化反应制得(±)-N-苄基-N-甲基-3-(1-萘氧基)-3-(2-噻吩基)-1-丙胺,脱苄基后经L-二苯甲酰酒石酸拆分得到( )-(S)-N-甲基-3-(1-萘氧基)-3-(2-噻吩基)-1-丙胺-L-二苯甲酰酒石酸盐,用氢氧化钠游离后与盐酸成盐得到盐酸度洛西汀,总收率为13.5%。     

盐酸决奈达隆片的处方优化及溶出度评价研究

目的：筛选盐酸决奈达隆片的处方组成,并评价其溶出度。方法以盐酸决奈达隆的溶出度为指标,采用L9(34)正交试验优化盐酸决奈达隆片处方主要因素填充剂乳糖–淀粉比例、黏合剂聚维酮 K30的乙醇体积分数、增溶剂波洛沙姆用量、崩解剂交联聚维酮用量。以赛诺菲–安万特公司原研制剂迈达龙为参比制剂,采用 f2相似因子法进行盐酸决奈达隆溶出曲线的相似度评价。结果盐酸决奈达隆片的最佳处方为填充剂比例2∶1,选用5%PVP K3040%乙醇溶液为黏合剂,泊洛沙姆188用量为2%,交联聚维酮用量为3%。在不同pH值的溶出介质中,自制制剂和参比制剂的溶出曲线f2相似因子均大于50。结论自制制剂与参比制剂在不同pH值的溶出介质中得体外溶出行为相似。     

盐酸他喷他多的合成

间甲氧基苯丙酮与二甲胺盐酸盐发生Mannich反应生成消旋3-二甲胺基-1-(3-甲氧基苯基)-2-甲基-1-丙酮(13),经结晶诱导的非对映异构体转化得到S-型化合物14后,经格氏反应、酰化及催化氢解得到(2R,3R)-2-甲基3-(3-甲氧基苯基)-N,N-二甲基戊胺,最后经脱保护基、与盐酸成盐得到中枢镇痛药盐酸他喷他多,总收率约52%.     

治疗心房颤动新药决奈达隆

决奈达隆为新型苯并呋喃衍生物,结构与胺碘酮相似。决奈达隆具有多通道阻滞的电生理特性。Ⅲ期临床试验证实,决奈达隆能有效减少心房颤动(Af)或心房扑动(AF)的复发,减慢Af/AF的心室率,减低心血管发病率及病死率。但在一项纳入重度心力衰竭(HF)及左室功能障碍患者的研究中,决奈达隆使病死率升高。决奈达隆耐受性好,不明显延长QTc间期,无显著肺、甲状腺、肝、眼和神经系统毒性,最常见的不良反应为腹泻、恶心及呕吐。决奈达隆可选择性用于Af/AF的治疗。但在预防Af复发时,决奈达隆疗效逊于胺碘酮,尚需更多有关决奈达隆与胺碘酮疗效的对比研究以确立决奈达隆在治疗中的地位。     

盐酸阿罗洛尔的合成

噻吩经5步反应获得5-乙酰噻吩-2-羧酸,然后与氯化亚砜、氨水反应得到5-乙酰噻吩-2-甲酰胺,再与溴素及二硫代氨基甲酸铵反应生成5-(2-巯基-4-噻唑基)-2-噻吩甲酰胺,后者与环氧氯丙烷缩合后经叔丁胺开环,最后与盐酸成盐得到盐酸阿罗洛尔,总收率约6%.     

犬血浆中决奈达隆及其代谢物SR35021的LC-MS/MS法测定

建立了LC-MS/MS法同时测定Beagle犬血浆中的决奈达隆及其N-去丁基代谢物SR35021,并考察了盐酸决奈达隆片在Beagle犬内的药动学。采用C_(18)色谱柱,以乙腈-甲醇-5 mmol/L乙酸铵溶液-甲酸(55:10:35:0.07)为流动相,大气压化学电离源,多反应监测(MRM)方式,正离子检测。用于定量分析的离子反应分别为m/z 557→100(决奈达隆)、m/z 501→114(代谢物SR35021)和m/z 449→252(内标,托伐普坦)。血浆中决奈达隆及其代谢物SR35021均在0.2～200 ng/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好。两者的日内和日间RSD均小于10%。主要药动学参数如下:c_(max)(495±208)和(61.6±15.9)ng/ml;t_(max)(1 67±0.61)和(1.75±0.42)h;t_(1/2)(5 92±0.59)和(3.01±0.60)h:AUC_(0-t)(2 785±1 409)和(325±137)ng·h·ml;AUC_(0-(?))(2 793±1 412)和(328±136)ng·h·m1。     

Synthesis and biological investigations of new thiazolidinone and oxadiazoline coumarin derivatives

Ethyl (coumarin-4-oxy)acetate 1 was prepared through the reaction of 4-hydroxycoumarin with ethyl bromoacetate. Compound 1 was allowed to react with hydrazine hydrate to produce coumarin-4-oxyacetic hydrazide 2. The synthesis of N-(arylidene and alkylidene)-coumarin-4-oxyacetic hydrazones 3-20 was performed. The preparation of 2-substituted-3-[(coumarin-4-oxy) acetamido]thiazolidinones 21-26 and 2-[(coumarin-4-oxy)methyl]-4-acetyl-5-substituted-delta2-1,3,4-oxadiazolines 27-33 was performed by the reaction of the hydrazones 3, 4, 7, 9, 12, 14 with mercaptoacetic acid and the hydrazones 3, 4, 5, 7, 12, 15, 16 with acetic anhydride, respectively. The antiviral activities, cytotoxicities and structure-activity relationship (SAR) towards different microorganisms of the prepared compounds were studied.     

MGCD0103的合成工艺改进

目的改进MGCD0103的合成工艺。方法以3-乙酰吡啶为原料,与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺二甲缩醛缩合后,与4-胍基甲基-苯甲酸环合,再与邻苯二胺缩合得到MGCD0103。结果与结论目标化合物经1H-NMR和MS鉴定,改进后的工艺合成路线缩短、反应条件温和,总收率为42%(以3-乙酰吡啶计,提高了16%),生产成本显著降低,更适合工业化生产。     

Rodgersinine A和B的全合成

目的合成苯并二氧六环类新木脂素。方法综合使用多种有机合成反应来合成 Rodgersinine A,4-（3-甲基-7-（E）-1-丙烯基-2,3-二氢-1,4-二氧六环）-1,2-苯二酚和Rodgersinine B,4-（3-甲基-7-（1-丙炔基）-2,3-二氢-1,4-二氧六环）-1,2-苯二酚。结果首次合成了目标分子 Rodgersinine A和B。结论本文建立的合成方法可用于苯并二氧六环类新木脂素的合成。     

Synthesis and biological activity of functionalized indole-2-carboxylates, triazino- and pyridazino-indoles

Condensation of aryl hydrazines with ethyl pyruvate gave the respective hydrazones 4-6; Fischer indolization led to substituted-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid ethyl esters 7-9. The Mannich reaction of these compounds with formaldehyde and morpholine yielded ethyl 3-(morpholinomethyl)-substituted-1H-indole-2-carboxylates 10-12. The 5,7-dichloro-1H-indole-2-carbohydrazide 13 was cyclized with methyl orthoformate in DMF to give 6,8-dichloro[1,2,4]triazino[4,5-a]indol-1(2H)-one 14. Vilsmeier-Haack formylation of 7-9 gave ethyl 3-formyl-substituted-1H-indole-2-carboxylates 15-17 whose 2,2'-((5-chloro-2-(ethoxycarbonyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)bis-(sulfanediyl) diacetic acid 18 was prepared. The reaction of 15 and 16 with substituted anilines by conventional and microwave methods gave ethyl 3-(N-aryliminomethyl)-5-halo-1H-indole-2-carboxylates 19-29. In a cyclocondensation reaction of 19-25 with thiolactic acid or thioglycolic acid substituted indolylthiazolidinones 30-33 were prepared. Reaction of hydrazine hydrate with 15-17 did not give the respective hydrazones but directly led to the cyclized products substituted-3H-pyridazino[4,5-b]indol-4(5H)-ones 34-36, while a reaction with 2,4-dichlorophenylhydrazine yielded the uncyclized hydrazones. The chlorination of 35 and 36 with POCl3 gave pyridazino[4,5-b]indoles 39 and 40, respectively; reaction of the latter compounds with morpholine gave 4-(substituted-5H-pyridazino[4,5-b]indol-4-yl)morpholine 41 and 42. Mannich reaction of 34 with formaldehyde and N-ethylpiperazine gave 8-chloro-3-((4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl)-3H-pyridazino[4,5-b]indol-4(5H)-one 43. The microwave assistance of selected reactions has a profound effect on the reaction speed. The structures of the new compounds were confirmed by both analytical and spectral data. Some compounds were subjected to investigations concerning their antimicrobial, tranquilizing, and anticonvulsant activities.     

An unusual dearomatized adduct formed by reaction of 4'-fluoro-4-(acetylamino)biphenyl N-sulfate with deoxyadenosine

The sulfate ester of the liver carcinogen N-hydroxy-4'-fluoro-4-(acetylamino)biphenyl (FAABP-N-sulfate) is believed to be a reactive intermediate in the male rat liver in vivo. After reaction of FAABP-N-sulfate with double-stranded calf thymus DNA in vitro, 30% of the adducts was identified as N-(deoxyguanosin-8-yl)-4'-fluoro-4-(acetylamino)biphenyl(dG-C8- FAABP) and 16% was suggested to be 3-(deoxyguanosin-N2-yl)-4'-fluoro-4-(acetylamino)biphenyl. To investigate the identity of the remaining adducts, FAABP-N-sulfate was reacted with deoxyadenosine. Two adducts could be isolated, which were identified by 1H NMR and mass spectrometry as 3-(deoxyadenosin-N6-yl)-4'-fluoro-4-(acetylamino)biphenyl (3-dA-N6-FAABP) and -(deoxyadenosin-N6-yl)-4'-fluoro-4-(acetylimino)-3, 4-dihydrobiphenyl (3-dA-N6-FHAIBP). An additional center of chirality is introduced at C3 (biphenyl) in the latter adduct. Therefore, 3-dA-N6-FHAIPB exists as a pair of two diastereomers with H-3 (biphenyl) in the alpha or beta position. Hydrogen bonding between the proton on N6 (adenine) and the imine nitrogen or the acetylimino oxygen is suggested to stabilize 3-dA-N6-FHAIBP and to prevent its conversion to 3-dA-N6-FAABP by restoration of the aromatic system. The adduct 3-dA-N6-FHAIBP was also formed in the reaction of N-OSO3H-FAABP with DNA; it accounted for 3-6% of total covalent binding.     

非布索坦的合成

对羟基苄腈与硫代乙酰胺反应得到4-羟基硫代苯甲酰胺,与2-氯乙酰乙酸乙酯环合后与六亚甲基四胺进行Duff反应得到2-(3-甲酰基-4-羟基苯基)-4-甲基-5-噻唑甲酸乙酯,再相继与盐酸羟胺/甲醇钠反应、异丁基溴成醚后碱性水解,制得抗痛风药非布索坦,总收率为28%.     

4-(2-溴乙酰基)-3-氟苯硼酸的制备

4-溴-2-氟苯基氰经格氏反应得到4-溴-2-氟苯乙酮,先保护羰基,再经格氏反应和二羟硼基取代、溴代制得4-(2-溴乙酰基)-3-氟苯硼酸,总收率54%.     

Synthesis of 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives-1: An efficient synthesis of Flocoumafen

An anticoagulant, 4-hydroxy-3-[1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-(4-(4-trifluoromethylbenzyloxy)phenyl)-1-naphthyl]coumarin (Flocoumafen) was synthesized in 8 steps starting from phenylacetyl chloride and anisole. The key step in the synthesis involves the reaction of 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-tetralol with 4-hydroxycoumarin to give 4-hydroxy-3-[1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-{4-methoxyphenyl}-1-naphthyl]coumarin.     

利奈唑胺的合成

(S)-环氧氯丙烷(2)用叠氮钠开环得到(S)-1-叠氮基-3-氯-2-丙醇(3);另用3,4-二氟硝基苯(4)经与吗啉反应后以铁粉还原硝基,再与氯甲酸乙酯反应得到N-[3-氟-4- (4-吗啉基)苯基]氨基甲酸乙酯(7).3和7经环合反应制得(S)-3-[3-氟-4- (4-吗啉基)苯基]-5-叠氮甲基-1,3-噁唑烷-2-酮后,再经水合肼还原、氨基乙酰化得到抗菌剂利奈唑胺,总收率约40％(以4计).     

Quinazolyl benzophenothiazines as potential antiviral agents

The reaction of anthranilic acid with excess of benzoylchloride in the presence of pyridine yielded 2-phenyl(3H) 4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazine(I). Interaction of (I) with 2-aminoethanol afforded 2-phenyl-3-hydroxy-ethyl(3H) 4-oxo-quinazoline (II). The condensation of (II) with beta-naphthol in the presence of conc. H2SO4 gave 1-(2'-phenyl-3'-ethyl-4'-oxo-quinazolyl) beta-naphthol (III). The reaction of (III) with primary aromatic amines in the presence of anhydrous zinc-chloride afforded 1-(2'-phenyl-3'-ethyl-4'-oxo-quinazolyl)-beta-naphthyl phenyl amine (IV). When (IV) was heated with sulphur and iodine, 1-(2'-phenyl 3'-ethyl -4'-oxo-quinazolyl)-benzophenothiazine (V) was obtained. All the five synthesised benzophenothiazines were screened for their antiviral activity and two compounds exhibited significant inhibition of virus multiplications.