雷珠单抗辅助微创玻璃体切割术治疗严重PDR的临床研究

目的：观察雷珠单抗(Ranibizumab)辅助微创玻璃体切割术(pars plana vitrectomy,PPV)治疗严重增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)的临床疗效。

方法：选取2014-06/2016-07在我院就诊且行23G/25G微创玻璃体切割治疗的严重PDR患者56例56眼的临床资料进行回顾性分析,将术前5～7d行玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗(intravitreal injection of ranibizumab,IVR,0.5mg/0.05mL)且联合微创PPV者30眼分为A组,将接受单纯微创PPV者26眼分为B组。统计分析两组患者术眼手术操作持续时间、术中出血情况、术中使用电凝次数、医源性视网膜裂孔发生率和术后最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)的差异。术后随访6mo。

结果：A组患者手术时间明显短于B组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(98.10±14.23min vs 113.89±17.66min,t=3.703,P=0.0005)。术中A组患者出血眼数明显少于B组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(20% vs 54%,χ²=6.95,P=0.0084)。A组患者术中平均使用电凝次数明显少于B组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(1.30±1.15次vs 2.73±1.71次,t=3.72,P=0.001)。术中A组患者医源性视网膜裂孔发生率明显少于B组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(7% vs 27%,χ²=4.24,P=0.0396)。术后1mo时A组BCVA提高率较B组高,但两组比较差异无统计学意义(87% vs 73%,χ²=1.630,P=0.202)。

结论：雷珠单抗辅助微创玻璃体切割术治疗严重PDR可降低术中出血,减少术中电凝使用次数,明显缩短手术时间,减少医源性视网膜裂孔的发生率,而术后最佳矫正视力提高率与单纯微创玻璃体切割术组比较无明显差异。     

雷珠单抗对PDR患者玻璃体切割术后疗效的影响

目的：探讨PDR患者给予雷珠单抗辅助25G玻璃体切割术治疗后的临床疗效。

方法：选取2014-10/2017-11于我院就诊的PDR患者120例120眼作为研究对象。常规组患者60例60眼给予单纯25G玻璃体切割术治疗,研究组患者60例60眼给予雷珠单抗辅助25G玻璃体切割术治疗。术后随访6mo,对比两组患者手术时长、术中与术后情况、术后并发症,以及术前、术后6mo时BCVA、眼压、黄斑中心区厚度变化。

结果：研究组手术平均时长显著低于常规组(t=5.727,P<0.05); 研究组术后高眼压、出血明显且需电凝、医源性视网膜裂孔、虹膜新生血管发生率均低于常规组(P<0.05); 研究组术后并发症总发生率(5.0%)低于常规组(16.7%),两组间有统计学差异(χ²=4.227,P<0.05)。研究组术后6mo眼压和黄斑中心区厚度低于常规组,BCVA优于常规组(t=3.362、2.486、8.028,均P<0.05)。

结论：PDR患者给予雷珠单抗辅助25G玻璃体切割术治疗可有效缩短手术时间,改善黄斑水肿情况,减少术后出血和并发症发生率。     

激光光凝联合雷珠单抗治疗糖尿病性黄斑水肿

目的：比较激光光凝与激光光凝联合雷珠单抗治疗糖尿病性黄斑水肿的疗效。

方法：随机对照研究。纳入糖尿病性黄斑水肿患者134例180眼,随机分为试验组和对照组。两组患者年龄、性别、病程、BCVA、IOP、CMT均无差异(P>0.05)。试验组接受黄斑格栅光凝联合玻璃体腔注射雷珠单抗,对照组接受黄斑格栅光凝。治疗后1wk,3mo测量两组BCVA、IOP、CMT并进行比较。

结果：治疗前、治疗后1wk,3mo,两组IOP比较均无差异(P>0.05)。治疗1wk,3mo,试验组CMT均低于对照组(t=-7.83、-8.80,均P<0.05)。治疗1wk,3mo,试验组BCVA均优于对照组(t=-3.76、-4.09,均P<0.05),治疗1wk试验组BCVA即显著提高(t=1.97,P<0.05)。试验组复发率低于对照组(χ²=4.59,P=0.032)。两组早期高眼压发生率无差异(χ²=0.03,P=0.87)。均未出现视网膜脱离、眼内炎。

结论：激光光凝联合雷珠单抗比单用激光光凝显著降低术后CMT,并较早提高BCVA,降低复发率。     

PPV术前玻璃体腔注射康柏西普对PDR患者并发症和视力恢复的影响

目的：分析玻璃体切割术(PPV)前玻璃体腔注射康柏西普对增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)患者术中并发症和术后视力恢复的影响。

方法：PDR患者94例(均为单眼发病)随机分为试验组(n=47)和对照组(n=47)。均行PPV治疗,试验组PPV前5～7d给予康柏西普玻璃体腔注射,对照组不予此项干预。观察和统计两组患者手术时间、手术操作、并发症及视力恢复效果。

结果：试验组PPV操作时间(72.33±15.71min)显著短于对照组(91.06±19.29min)(P<0.05)。试验组术中电凝止血、医源性裂孔、新生血管出血发生率分别为4%、2%、6%,均明显低于对照组的19%、15%、26%(P<0.05)。在术后3、6mo,两组BCVA、黄斑厚度逐渐显著降低(均P<0.05),且试验组改善效果均优于对照组(P<0.05)。

结论：PPV术前玻璃体腔注射康柏西普对降低PDR患者术中并发症发生率和促进术后视力恢复有积极影响。     

半剂量PDT治疗45岁以上中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变疗效观察

目的：观察半剂量维替泊芬光动力疗法(photodynamic therapy,PDT)治疗45岁以上中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(central serous chorioretinophathy,CSC)的有效性。

方法：收集2012-01/2016-12在我院就诊的45岁以上CSC患者30例32眼,平均年龄54.34±8.58岁; 病程1wk～48mo,中位数6mo。所有患眼均采用国际标准视力表行最佳矫正矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)检查,并转换为最小分辨角对数(LogMAR)视力; 采用光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)测量黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(central macular thickness,CMT)及记录视网膜下液(subretinal fluids absorption,SRF)吸收情况; 采用荧光素钠血管造影(fluorescence fundus angiography,FFA)观察患眼脉络膜血管渗漏形态。所有患眼均行半剂量维替泊芬PDT,治疗后1、3、6mo随访观察BCVA和黄斑区OCT情况。对比分析治疗前后患眼BCVA、CMT及SRF吸收变化情况。

结果：所有患者经PDT治疗后1、3、6mo治愈率分别为44%、63%、75%,差异具有统计学意义(χ²=6.621,P=0.037)。将所有患者按病程分为两组,A组患者病程<6mo,B组病程≥6mo,两组患者治疗前BCVA分别为0.6149±0.4117、0.8167±0.4370; 治疗前CMT分别为409.47±129.422、395.82±153.756μm。经治疗后两组间BCVA值差异无统计学意义(F=0.303,P=0.823),但具有时间差异性(F=32.837,P<0.001)。A组患者的BCVA治疗后1mo与治疗前比较,差异具有统计学意义(t=3.347,P=0.005); 治疗后1、3mo比较,差异有统计学意义(t=4.768,P<0.001); 治疗后3、6mo相比,差异无统计学意义(t=2.024,P=0.063)。B组患者的BCVA治疗后1、3、6mo与治疗前两两比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组间患者CMT差异无统计学意义(F=0.064,P=0.978),但具有时间差异性(F=26.447,P<0.001),A组患者的CMT治疗后1、3、6mo与治疗前两两比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05); B组患者的CMT治疗后1、3、6mo与治疗前两两比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：半剂量PDT疗法可有效改善45岁以上CSC患者的视力,对视网膜下液的吸收仍有较好疗效。     

内界膜翻转填塞与内界膜剥除治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离的Meta分析

目的：评价玻璃体切除(PPV)联合内界膜(ILM)翻转填塞或ILM剥除在治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离(MHRD)中解剖学及视力恢复疗效。

方法：从中国知网(CNKI)、维普(VIP)、万方数据库(Wan Fang Database)、PubMed、EMbase、The Cochrane Library、Europe PMC、Nature数据库中检索文献,检索时间均为建库至2018-09。以术后6mo为随访时间节点,观察黄斑裂孔闭合、原发性视网膜复位及BCVA情况。采用Review 5.3及Stata 15.1软件进行Meta分析。

结果：本研究包括8项研究266眼。ILM翻转填塞在黄斑裂孔闭合率方面优于ILM剥除(RR=2.05,95%CI 1.69～2.49,P<0.00001),在原发性视网膜复位率方面无差异(RR=1.04,95%CI 0.98～1.12,P=0.21),在术后6mo两组BCVA均较术前明显提高(分别为：RR=0.44,95%CI 0.33～0.55,P<0.00001; RR=0.29,95%CI 0.10～0.48,P=0.003),两组间BCVA改善程度的差异结果存在异质性,其结论可能不稳定,尚需更多可靠数据证明。

结论：PPV联合ILM翻转填塞在治疗高度近视MHRD患者中更有效。     

术前玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合玻璃体切割术治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变的疗效

目的：探讨术前玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合玻璃体切割术(PPV)治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)疗效及其对房水炎症因子的影响。

方法：采用非随机临床对照试验设计。收集2019-03/2022-01就诊于本院的PDR患者100例100眼(双眼发病时取程度较重眼入组,如双眼程度一致则取右眼入组)的临床资料,按照患者治疗意愿分为对照组48例48眼仅行PPV,联合组52例52眼术前玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合PPV,术后随访12mo。记录两组患者手术时间、手术前后最佳矫正视力BCVA(LogMAR)、黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(CRT)及术后并发症发生情况。比较两组患者房水炎症因子IL-6、IL-10、IFN-γ及TNF-α水平。

结果：联合组患者PPV术前房水炎症因子IL-6、IL-10、IFN-γ及TNF-α水平、手术时间、术中电凝止血数、医源性视网膜裂孔数及硅油填充眼数均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。两组患者术前BCVA和CRT比较均无差异(均P>0.05),术后1、6、12mo BCVA和CRT均较术前改善,联合组改善优于对照组(均P<0.05)。联合组术后12mo并发症发生率低于对照组(11.5% vs 35.4%,P<0.05)。两组的PDR复发率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论：术前玻璃体腔注射康柏西普联合PPV治疗PDR疗效显著,可缩短手术时间、抑制炎症效应、减少术后并发症,更有助于患者视力提高。     

雷珠单抗联合玻璃体切割术治疗PDR合并早期新生血管性青光眼

目的：探讨增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)合并早期新生血管性青光眼患者采用雷珠单抗注射联合玻璃体切割术(PPV)治疗的临床效果。

方法：选取2014-07/2016-12我院眼科中心治疗的80例80眼PDR合并早期新生血管性青光眼患者,根据患者术前是否注射雷珠单抗分为预处理组(40例40眼,术前雷珠单抗注射联合PPV治疗)和常规组(40例40眼,仅采取PPV手术治疗),对比两组患者的视力、眼压等指标变化。

结果：预处理组患者的手术时间、新生血管出血次数、电凝使用次数均显著的低于常规组患者,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05); 术前两组患者的眼压、BCVA测定值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05); 术后1wk,3mo,预处理组患者的BCVA值显著优于常规组(P<0.05),术后1wk时,预处理组患者的眼压低于常规组(P<0.05); 术前两组患者的房水中VEGF比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); 术后1mo,预处理组患者房水中VEGF显著低于常规组(P<0.05),术后3mo时,预处理组患者视网膜黄斑中心凹厚度值低于常规组(P<0.05)。

结论：PDR合并早期新生血管性青光眼患者采用雷珠单抗注射联合PPV治疗能显著地降低手术难度,提高术后视力,降低房水中VEGF的水平。     

PPV联合抗VEGF治疗增殖性糖尿病性视网膜病变远期疗效的Meta分析

目的：探究玻璃体切除(PPV)术联合或不联合抗VEGF药物治疗增殖性糖尿病性视网膜病变(PDR)的远期疗效。

方法：计算机检索PUBMED、EMBASE、Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)、Web of Science等多个数据库,查找自建库至2020-07-02关于比较PPV术前是否行抗VEGF药物治疗PDR预后效果的临床随机对照试验(RCT),根据文献纳入与排除标准筛选文献,并进行数据提取和质量评价,主要评价指标包括术后视网膜脱离发生率、黄斑中心凹厚度和最佳矫正视力(BCVA)。

结果：最终纳入11项(880眼)RCT研究。Meta分析结果显示,术前行抗VEGF治疗的PDR患者PPV术后视网膜脱离发生率明显低于未注射抗VEGF药物患者(RR=0.39, 95%CI 0.22～0.71, P=0.002); 亚裔和非亚裔患者中,单纯PPV与联合抗VEGF治疗患者PPV术后视网膜脱离发生率均具有显著差异(亚裔：RR=0.20, 95%CI 0.05～0.87, P=0.03; 非亚裔：RR=0.46, 95%CI 0.24～0.89, P=0.02)。术前抗VEGF治疗的PDR患者PPV术后3、6mo黄斑中心凹厚度均低于PPV术前未行抗VEGF治疗的患者(MD=-78.49, 95%CI -94.81～-62.17,P<0.00001; MD=-39.62, 95%CI -48.44～-30.80, P<0.00001)。术前抗VEGF治疗的PDR患者PPV术后6mo BCVA优于未行抗VEGF治疗的患者(MD=-0.16,95%CI -0.21～-0.10,P<0.00001)。

结论：PPV术前行抗VEGF治疗可有效降低PDR患者术后视网膜脱离发生率,缓解术后黄斑水肿,降低黄斑中心凹厚度,并改善视力预后。     

25G和27G玻璃体切除术联合空气填充治疗RRD的疗效比较

目的：对比25G和27G玻璃体切割术(PPV)联合无菌空气填充治疗孔源性视网膜脱离(RRD)的临床疗效和安全性。

方法：回顾性分析2016-05/2018-06在我院行PPV联合空气填充治疗的RRD患者63例63眼,其中25G组33例33眼,27G组30例30眼。对比分析两组术前和术后BCVA(LogMAR)、眼压、手术时间、视网膜复位率及并发症发生情况。

结果：两组术前的基线资料均无差异(P>0.05)。25G组与27G组末次随访的BCVA均较术前改善(均P<0.01),但两组间视力改善幅度无差异(P>0.05)。25G组和27G组的平均手术时间分别为44.13±5.9、46.07±6.1min(t=0.028,P=0.412)。25G和27G组视网膜复位率分别为91%、93%(χ²=0.015,P=0.902)。25G和27G组术后发生一过性低眼压(<6mmHg)的分别为5眼(15%)和3眼(10%)(χ²=0.376,P=0.540)。两组均未观察到脉络膜脱离、感染性眼内炎等严重并发症。

结论：27G PPV联合空气填充治疗RRD在手术时间、视网膜复位率、视力改善及并发症方面与25G无差异,是治疗RRD安全、经济而有效的手术方式。     

Retinal dialysis

Retinal dialysis is a disinsertion of the sensory retina at the ora serrata. Dialysis may result from ocular trauma or occur as a spontaneous non-traumatic event. Dialyses are often asymptomatic and associated with a slowly progressing secondary retinal detachment. They show a predilection for the inferotemporal retinal quadrant. Retinal dialysis is the major cause of retinal detachment in children and young adults. Two cases of spontaneous retinal dialysis are presented. These cases represent extremes of the age spectrum for this condition.     

The effect of caffeine on retinal vessel diameter in young healthy subjects

Purpose: To investigate the effect of caffeine on retinal vessel diameter before and during flicker light stimulation in young healthy subjects. Methods: Seventeen healthy subjects (mean age: 29.6 ± 3.73 years, range: 22–35 years) were included in this study. The diameter of retinal vessels was measured continuously with the retinal vessel analyzer (RVA) before and 1 hr after 200 mg oral caffeine intake. After baseline assessment, a green luminance flicker of 20‐second duration was applied to stimulate retinal activity. The diameter of a segment of an arteriole and of a venule were measured during stimulation and 80 second after cessation of the stimulus. Flicker stimulation and 80‐second measurement interval were carried out three times. Blood pressure parameters, systemic mean arterial pressure (MAP), ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) and intraocular pressure (IOP) were obtained before and after oral caffeine intake. Results: The mean diameter of the arterioles at baseline before caffeine intake was 123.30 ± 14.0 μm (arithmetic mean ± standard deviation) and after caffeine 117.30 ± 13.0 μm which was significantly different (p = 0.004). The mean diameter of the venules at baseline before caffeine intake was 147.60 ± 19.5 μm and after caffeine 137.73 ± 19.9 μm which was significantly different (p = 0.005). The mean diameter of the arterioles during flicker light stimulation before caffeine intake was 126.65 ± 13.24 μm and after caffeine intake 121.59 ± 12.12 μm (p = 0.012). The mean diameter of the venules during flicker light stimulation before caffeine intake was 151.87 ± 18.63 μm and after caffeine intake was 145.14 ± 19.82 μm (p = 0.027). The flicker response of the arterioles increased from 2.8% before caffeine to 3.8% after caffeine intake (p = 0.010). The flicker response of the venules increased from 3.4% before caffeine to 5.5% after caffeine intake (p = 0.0001). Baseline diameters and diameters during flicker light stimulation after caffeine intake showed a significant negative correlation to the MAP for the arterioles (baseline: r = ?0.338, p = 0.049 and flicker: r = ?0.345, p = 0.046) and the venules (baseline: r = ?0.496, p = 0.003 and flicker: r = ?0.479, p = 0.004). Conclusions: The present study showed a significant vasoconstrictory response of the retinal vessels 1 hr after caffeine intake in young healthy subjects. Retinal vessel diameter changes were negatively correlated with MAP after caffeine consumption. These effects seem to be elicited by an autoregulatory response of the retinal vessels to the increased blood pressure changes after caffeine.     

视网膜脱离巩膜扣带术后后极部视网膜定量分析

目的:研究视网膜脱离(retinal detachment,RD)巩膜扣带术后后极部视网膜水肿情况。方法:应用视网膜厚度分析仪(RTA)对38例38眼孔源性RD巩膜扣带术后手术成功眼后极部视网膜厚度进行测量。结果:术后进行RTA测量随访的时间为72.61±57.27d,经RTA测量,RD术后黄斑中心凹平均厚度168.03±38.27μm,与对侧眼比较二者差异无显著性(P>0.05);RD眼术后后极部平均厚度175.50±33.85μm,与对侧眼比较二者差异无显著性(P>0.05),RD眼术后后极部最大厚度(310.18±158.40μm)与对侧眼比较,二者差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论:通过RTA可精确测量并观察后极部视网膜水肿发生情况,视网膜脱离巩膜扣带术后2mo后极部视网膜局限性水肿仍存在,术后这个时间患者仍存在视物变形与此有关,仍需进行进一步的长期随访观察后极部视网膜水肿消退的时间。而且,在这段时间内考虑给予相应的干预治疗,以改善视功能。     

实验性视网膜脱离复位后的视网膜细胞超微结构观察

目的 研究视网膜脱离复位后视网膜超微结构改变,以探讨视功能恢复障碍的机制。方法 12只灰兔通过在视网膜下注射透明酸钠的方法建立视网膜脱离模型。用透射电镜观察术后1,2,3,4周的视网膜。结果 视网膜复位早期光感受器外节段缺失、断裂。内节、视细胞核、双极细胞、神经节细胞均可见胞浆水肿,线粒体肿胀和嵴断裂。复位3周后,视网膜细胞结构基本正常,但仍有部分外节变短,神经纤维空洞存在。结论 视网膜复位后不仅光感受器,而且视网膜其他细胞和神经纤维均有不可逆的改变,这些改变导致视功能恢复不良。     

Aggregations of retinal pigment epithelial cells on inferior retinal blood vessels,a clinical sign of early proliferative vitreoretinopathy

Purpose: To determine the relationship between ‘pigment clusters’ on blood vessels (BvRPE) on the inferior retina in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and existing proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Methods: A prospective observational non‐comparative study of consecutive patients presenting with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment to a tertiary referral university department was performed. The retina was inspected preoperatively for the detection of BvRPE. A relationship with existing PVR was determined. Results: A total of 103 patients were recruited, 70 men and 32 women, mean age 56.7 years, with 57 left eyes. Mean duration of follow up was 9.2 months. Nineteen patients (18.4%) had BvRPE, and 20 had RPE clusters off blood vessels (nine had both). In those with the sign of BvRPE the mean number of RPE clusters on blood vessels was 5.7 (SD 5.8). The mean number of clock hours affected was 2.32 (SD = 1.58). Eight had B grade PVR and three C grade PVR. Patients with BvRPE were more likely to have PVR grades B or C than those without the sign (P = 0.002). The mean number of operations in those with the sign was 1.32 (SD = 0.58) and was statistically similar to those without BvRPE. Visual outcome was statistically similar in those with and without the sign. Conclusion: Patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment may demonstrate ‘pigment clusters’ on blood vessels in the inferior retina (BvRPE). This is likely to be a specific feature found in PVR and an early sign of activation of retinal pigment epithelial cells.     

兔眼视网膜铁锈症的实验观察

在光镜和电镜下观察了25只兔眼植入铁异物1～30天的视网膜变化。结果表明,邻近铁异物的局部视网膜2天即发生变性坏死,7～30天坏死的部分由视网膜色素上皮细胞(RPE)和胶质细胞填充,形成视网膜重度萎缩。在间接铁锈症的轻度萎缩性视网膜病变中,导致感光细胞形态学改变的重要原因,可能是RPE吞噬功能异常增高。观察了RPE转变为吞噬细胞,向玻璃体侧移行的过程。     

Ischemic retinal vein occlusion: characterizing the more severe spectrum of retinal vein occlusion

Retinal vein occlusion (RVO)-including central RVO, branch RVO, and hemicentral and hemispheric RVO—is the second most common vascular cause of visual loss, surpassed only by diabetic retinopathy. The presence and extent of retinal ischemia in RVO is associated with a worse prognosis. On this basis, most previously conducted studies considered ischemic retinal vein occlusion (iRVO) and non-iRVO as separate entities based on set thresholds of existing retinal ischemia as determined by fundus fluorescein angiography. Other diagnostic technologies have been used specifically in the differentiation of ischemic central retinal vein occlusion and nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion. To date, there is no fully accepted definition for iRVO. Some clinicians and researchers may favor establishing a clear differentiation between these forms of RVO; others may prefer not to consider iRVO as a separate entity. Whatever the case, retinal ischemia in RVO confers a higher risk of visual loss and neovascular complications; thus, it should be determined as accurately as possible in patients with this disease and be considered in clinical and experimental studies. Most recently conducted clinical trials evaluating new treatments for macular edema secondary to RVO included none or only few patients with iRVO based on previous definitions (i.e., few patients with sizeable areas of retinal ischemia were recruited in these trials), and thus it is unclear whether the results observed in recruited patients could be extrapolated to those with retinal ischemia. There has been scant research aiming at developing and/or testing treatments for retinal ischemia, as well as to prevent new vessel formation as a result of RVO. We provide a detailed review of the knowledge gathered over the years on iRVO, from controversies on its definition and diagnosis to the understanding of its epidemiology, risk factors and pathogenesis, the structural and functional effects of this disease in the eye and its complications, natural history, and outcomes after treatment. In each section, the definition of iRVO used is given so, independently of whether iRVO is considered a separate clinical entity or a more severe end of the spectrum of RVO, the information will be useful to clinicians to determine patient's risk, guide therapeutic decisions, and counsel patients and for researchers to design future studies.     

视网膜分支静脉阻塞视网膜微血管改变的定量研究

【摘要】 目的 研究视网膜分支静脉阻塞（BRVO）患者视网膜微血管改变的特点。设计 病例对照研究。研究对象 河北省邯郸市眼科医院连续的BRVO患者58例,对照组为“邯郸眼病研究”中按匹配原则抽取的非BRVO者200例。方法 对被研究者的眼底彩色照片定性判读视网膜微血管局部改变;利用计算机辅助软件（IVAN software, Australia）定量测量视网膜微血管管径,比较两组间的差异。主要指标 视网膜微血管局部改变包括局部视网膜动脉缩窄（FAN）、视网膜动静脉交叉压迫征（AVN）和动脉反光增强（OPAC）。定量测量指标为视网膜中央动脉直径（CRAE）、视网膜中央静脉直径（CRVE）和视网膜动静脉比值（AVR）。结果 CRAE、CRVE、AVR在BRVO组和非BRVO组分别为（136.0±20.7） μm Vs. （152.0±19.3） μm（P=0.000）;（207.2±23.1） μm Vs. （235.3±29.7） μm（P=0.000）;（0.66±0.13） Vs. （0.65±0.06）（P=0.019）。经多因素校正后视网膜血管局部改变FAN、AVN和OPAC在两组间比较的相对危险度分别为5.65（95%CI=1.77~18.03）、3.42（95%CI=1.48~7.89）和3.44（95%CI=1.44~8.24）（P均<0.05）。结论 视网膜动、静脉直径在BRVO者比非BRVO者均变窄,视网膜血管的局部改变在BRVO者比非BRVO者显著,因此视网膜血管的定量、定性分析可作为BRVO的观察指标。（眼科,2012,21：239-243）